Digital Commons Network^™

Volume 56, Number 46: July 03, 2019, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

Beyond The Habitual: Legal Argument Upon The Use Of Force And During The Conduct Of Hostilities, David Michael Hughes

PhD Dissertations

This dissertation moves beyond traditional assessments of legal compliance. It offers a more complete understanding of how international law functions upon the use of force and during the conduct of hostilities. The dissertation consists of four case studies each presented and published as standalone articles that provide fuller descriptions of international laws efficacy within fraught international contexts. By moving beyond the common evaluative standard of compliance, this dissertation presents a pluralistic conception of international laws function and purpose. Accordingly, the first case study presents an account of the way that international humanitarian law is used to manage prolonged occupation. The …

The Dehumanization Of Immigrants And Refugees: A Comparison Of Dehumanizing Rhetoric By All Candidates In Three U.S. Presidential Elections, Amanda Warnock

Purdue Undergraduate Research Conference

This study contributes to contemporary dehumanization theory by tracking and comparing dehumanizing rhetoric used by all presidential candidates during the 2008, 2012, and 2016 elections. Using data hand-collected from all presidential speeches conducted during these periods, including accounting for adlibbing by Donald Trump, I argue that Trump was distinctive in his dehumanization of immigrants and refugees, far surpassing all other candidates. His language surrounding these groups focused heavily on 1) using non-human language to describe their actions and migrations; 2) assigning criminality and viciousness to immigrants; 3) repeating stories of the deaths of American citizens by immigrants; 4) saying that …

Intimations Of A Spiritual New Age: Ii. Wilhelm Reich As Transpersonal Psychologist Part 2: The Futural Promise Of Reich’S Naturalistic Bio-Energetic Spirituality, Harry T. Hunt

International Journal of Transpersonal Studies Advance Publication Archive

This is the second part of a consideration of the later Wilhelm Reich as anticipating a future planetary-wide “New Age” form of this-worldly spirituality in ways overlapping with figures from the same era of Western crisis from the 1930s through the 1950s, including Jung, Toynbee, Bergson, Heidegger, Teilhard de Chardin, and Simone Weil. Where the first part of this treatment of Reich as transpersonal psychologist traced his evolution from his bio-energetic psychotherapy to a Weberian this-worldly mysticism of a universal life energy, his cosmic orgone, with its attendant features of conflicted “spiritual emergency,” this second paper seeks to further develop …

Intimations Of A Spiritual New Age: Ii. Wilhelm Reich As Transpersonal Psychologist. Part I: Context, Development, And Crisis In Reich’S Bio-Energetic Spiritual Psychology, Harry T. Hunt

International Journal of Transpersonal Studies Advance Publication Archive

Wilhelm Reich is the focus of this second in a series of papers on a group of independent figures from the 1930s into the 1950s—also including Jung, the later Heidegger, Toynbee, Bergson, Teilhard de Chardin, and Simone Weil—who in the context of those years of crisis articulated overlapping visions of a future “New Age” spirituality that might in some more distant future serve to balance and even transform a globalizing materialism and disenchantment with traditional religion. The later Reich developed a highly original version of a “vitalistic” transpersonal psychology, as his “religion for the children of the future,” which needs …

New Hampshire Air National Guard Exercise, Sophia Inman

M. S. in Project Management

The Department of Defense is faced with ever-evolving threats and challenges. Today’s Total Force environment requires active duty and reserve force military personnel to perform at equal levels. The Air National Guard (ANG) and Air Mobility Command leveraged new requirements against ANG units in support of contingency operations. Units are required to conduct an exercise of such scale to exhibit the unit’s ability to survive and operate in a chemical warfare environment. The New Hampshire Air National Guard is tasked with executing a Chemical Warfare Exercise to satisfy these military readiness requirements. The exercise was conducted as part of an …

Sooner State Civil Defense: Oklahoma Community And College Campus Cold War Preparedness, 1960-68, Landry Brewer

Faculty Articles & Research

As the Cold War moved into the nuclear age and tensions with the Soviet Union heightened, all Americans, including Oklahomans, learned to live with the threat of nuclear war. To increase the likelihood of survival if nuclear war came, national, state, and local civil defense organizations took steps to protect the public. As “preparedness” became the nation’s watchword, the state’s communities and college campuses prepared for the worst during the Cold War’s most frightening years.

05.11: Information Structures, David Mcmurrey

Open Technical Communication

Upon completion of this chapter, readers will be able to:
1. Define information structure.
2. Explain the contents and organization of different types of information structures.

The National Security Argument For Protection Of Domestic Industries, Kwok Hon, Leonard Cheng, Gregory W. Whitten, Jingbo Hua

PSEI/CERP Working Paper Series

Tracing the origin of the national security argument for protection of domestic industries to Adam Smith, Alexander Hamilton, and Friedrich List, we study its post-GATT applications with reference to Article XXI of the WTO. We compare the use of tariff, production/input subsidy, and government procurement as alternative instruments of protection from the perspective of economic efficiency and study the disapproval of inward FDI to gain insights into the underlying national security concerns. The case studies of a) the US tariffs on aluminum and steel, b) German disapproval of the acquisition of a technology firm Leifeld Metal Spinning by a Chinese …

Analisis Ancaman Terhadap Penerapan Framework Manajemen Insiden Di Indonesia, Rizky Hendra Kurniawan, Abdul Rivai Ras

Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

The incident management framework is a tools that can be used as an early warning system to overcome problems in the implementation of information technology. This Framework also used for measuring the maturity level of incident management that has been carried out by institutions in Indonesia. We can used it as an open intelligence of information source. Within national scope, this framework used for knowing Indonesia’s ability to deal with cyber incidents. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a threat analysis on the implementation of incident management framework. Author used mix-methode research, which is the combination between qualitative and quantitative …

Evaluasi Fungsi Kontra Intelijen Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Spionase Intelijen Asing, Yosa Bayu Kuswara

Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

Espionage is an information gathering methode conducted by intelligence services both in intelligence acivities or closed/clandestine operations using open or closed tactics With its huge valuable resources, Indonesia becomes attractive for great powers intervention. Such a condition creates a threat to Indonesia national resiliency, especially threats from espionage activities. These threats should be seriously handled by the Indonesian government. Empirical cases of strategic surprises have suggested the role of foreign intelligence in Indonesia. Despite the fact that Indonesia has several intelligence agencies and some of them have conducted counter intelligence activities, Indonesia has yet had specific agency that deals with …

Strategi Badan Siber Dan Sandi Negara (Bssn) Dalam Menghadapi Ancaman Siber Di Indonesia, Damar Apri Sudarmadi, Arthur Josias Simon Runturambi

Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

Cybersecurity governance in Indonesia is still partial and sectoral, resulting in the handling of cybersecurity problems not yet integrated. This makes cyber threats even more real, especially when linked to threats to cybersecurity for government and private institutions. Therefore, cybersecurity management must be carried out in an integrated manner to prevent cyber threats in all aspects of national and state life. In 2017, the National Cyber and Crypto Agency (BSSN) was formed based on the Presidential Regulation on BSSN which states that BSSN is tasked with implementing cyber security effectively and efficiently by utilizing, developing and consolidating all parties related …

Joint Force Quarterly 94 (3rd Quarter, July 2019), National Defense University Press

Joint Force Quarterly ARCHIVES

No abstract provided.

Conceptualizing Indigenous Historical Justice Toward A Mutual Recognition With State In Taiwan, Awi Mona

Washington International Law Journal

Transitional justice has received considerable attention in recent years in Taiwan. Despite all this attention, transitional justice is an issue that remains incomplete without addressing justice for indigenous peoples. This paper aims to focus on the essential characteristics of indigenous justice against the successive alien regimes. Though the fact that the national apology to indigenous peoples may have broken new ground in the government’s relationship with indigenous peoples, the common understanding of transitional justice has caused significant bitterness and frustration for indigenous peoples. Until the core significance of indigenous justice is essentially resolved, the existing uncertainty about reconciliation with indigenous …

British Impeachments (1376-1787) And The Preservation Of The American Constitutional Order, Frank O. Bowman Iii

Faculty Publications

Impeachment is a British invention, employed by Parliament beginning in 1376 to resist the general tendency of the monarchy to absolutism and to counter particularly obnoxious royal policies by removing the ministers who implemented them. The invention crossed the Atlantic with the British colonists who would one day rebel against their mother country and create an independent United States of America. During the Constitutional Convention of 1787, the delegates decided that presidents and other federal officers could be impeached, but they recoiled from the severe and occasionally fatal punishments imposed by Parliament, and they wrestled over what conduct should be …

John D. Hosler. The Siege Of Acre, 1189-1191: Saladin, Richard The Lionheart, And The Battle That Decided The Third Crusade., Matt King

History Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Army Leadership And The Profession, Donald J. Polden

Faculty Publications

ADP 6-22 establishes and describes the Army profession and the associated ethic that serve as the basis for a shared professional identity. It establishes and describes what leaders should be and do. Having a standard set of leader attributes and core leader competencies facilitates focused feedback, education, training, and development across all leadership levels. ADP 6-22 describes enduring concepts of leadership through the core competencies and attributes required of leaders of all cohorts and all organizations, regardless of mission or setting. These principles reflect decades of experience and validated scientific knowledge.

164th Infantry News: July 2019, 164th Infantry Association

164th Infantry Regiment Publications

July 2019 edition of the 164th Infantry News. A total of 104 pages, containing news articles, event notices, photographs, and personal memories from the veterans of the 164th Infantry Regiment.

The Potentiality Of Space Enterprise Force Reconstitution: Nationalizing Civilian Satellites During Kinetic Conflicts, Robert A. Bettinger, Sara Schmitt

Faculty Publications

This article will discuss the possibility of employing a policy of civilian satellite nationalization during a space war as a means of US Space Enterprise force re- constitution to ensure continued access to space capabilities necessary for the execution of the national strategy, as well as deterring potential adversaries from initiating counterspace hostilities. In terms of structure, the authors will examine the thesis by answering these questions. First, what historical precedent exists for the rapid military acquisition of civilian assets via nationalization? Second (given the unique nature of space as an operational environment), can that historical precedent be applied to …

Legacy- July 2019, South Carolina Institute Of Archaeology And Anthropology--University Of South Carolina

SCIAA Magazine - Legacy & PastWatch

Contents:

Search of Old St. Augustine, Florida…p. 1

Director’s Notes…p. 2

Shipwrecks of America’s Lost Century Symposium…p. 4

Search Resumes for Le Prince…p. 7

Follow Up on the SUBMERGED Educational Programming…p. 8

Students Dive in for Maritime Archaeology Internships at MRD Charleston Field Office…p. 10

Cobble Cluster Features and the Occupation of 38AK155…p. 11

New Investigations at the Mulberry Site (38KE12) …p. 14

De Soto in Mississippi- Chicasa Project Update…p. 18

Investigations of an Old Bridge and Road on Property of Judy Bramlett in Travelers Rest, South Carolina…p. 22

SCAPOD: Looking to the 10^th Anniversary and Beyond…p. 24 …

Russian Influence In Latin America: A Response To Nato, Mason Shuya

Journal of Strategic Security

Since facing international backlash from the West over the situation in Ukraine, Russia has had to focus on new international agreements. In retaliation for NATO expansion towards the east, Russia has sought to create these agreements in Latin America. Russia has specifically sought greater ties with Cuba, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Brazil, and Mexico. Currently, these countries maintain close economic ties with the United States. However, new military agreements are giving Russia greater military access to the region and access to locations that would facilitate greater ease in conducting military and espionage operations against the United States.

India’S Maritime Diplomacy In South West Indian Ocean: Evaluating Strategic Partnerships, Chinmoyee Das

Journal of Strategic Security

Being a maritime nation with considerable economic and military power, India has shown keen interest in demonstrating its role as a major security provider in the IOR. In the Southwest Indian Ocean too, India has sought to develop a security presence and strengthen its position by capitalising on its historic ties with the littoral nations of the region through provision of military training, defence equipment and security advisors. India’s efforts are mostly directed at making the Indian influence more visible in the strategic affairs of the region that seem to be clouded by the increasing Chinese forays into the region. …

Behind The Scenes Of Al-Qa`Ida’S Media Strategy, Agnes Hankiss Dr

Journal of Strategic Security

Jihadi terrorist organizations view their media opportunities as weapons in their war against the West. While there is a considerable body of work discussing the content and form of Al-Qa'ida's media, including both their written press and video products, we have significantly less information on what goes on behind the scenes: how the tactical elements and strategic goals are designed and implemented to generate these products. The paper asserts that while we still have insufficient information on the media strategies of the Islamic State, due to the ideological, operational and network-to-network continuity between the two organizations, the documents shedding a …

Chinese American Responses To The Japanese American Internment And Incarceration, Jeremy Chan

UC Law Journal of Race and Economic Justice

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Mindfulness Practices On The Dispositions Of Eight Third-Grade Elementary Students At An Elementary School In The Southeast Region Of The United States, Jakob Lauffer

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to examine the impact mindfulness sessions had on the dispositions of eight third-grade students. In the Spring of 2019, mindfulness practices were presented to third-graders in their regular classroom setting every Monday and Thursday over the six-week qualitative action research study. During this time, the teacher-researcher administered 15-minute mindful lessons that aimed to help increase coping strategies in the student population. The instruments used for data collection in this qualitative action research study were: a pre/post-intervention questionnaire, weekly exit slips utilizing multiple choice and open-ended questions, field notes, and digital video recordings. Students utilized …

Politics, Saint Mary's College Of California

Undergraduate Academic Catalog

No abstract provided.

History, Saint Mary's College Of California

Undergraduate Academic Catalog

No abstract provided.

The Need For A Shared Responsibility Regime Between State And Non-State Actors To Prevent Human Rights Violations Caused By Cyber-Surveillance Spyware, Anna W. Chan

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

Technology has undoubtedly contributed to the field of human rights. Internet connection and a smartphone has enabled activists to call out political leaders, shine light on human atrocities and organize mass protests through social media platforms. This has resulted in many authoritarian governments spending large amounts of their resources to purchase cyber-surveillance spyware systems from multi-national corporations to closely monitor and track their citizens for any signs of dissidence. Such technology has enabled authoritarian regimes to commit human right violations ranging from invasion of privacy, arbitrary arrest, arbitrary detention, torture and even murder. Despite the uncovering of such questionable transactions …

The Global Positioning System And Military Jamming: The Geographies Of Electronic Warfare, Tegg Westbrook

Journal of Strategic Security

GPS supports infrastructure assets that are essential to the functioning of national and international banking operations, power grid, transportation, and communication systems, therefore its reliability and accuracy is critical. GPS boosts productivity around the world and has radically changed military operations. Despite the importance of GPS, the relative weakness of GPS signals are vulnerable to interference. This weakness provides a range of opportunities for criminals, terrorists and state actors using GPS jamming devices. Different types of jammers can cause varying degrees of interference, but the use of powerful military jammers are becoming more prevalent. This article provides an overview of …

The Terror Pandemic: The International Diffusion Of Terrorism, Stephen Michael Chicoine

Theses and Dissertations

The online recruitment efforts of ISIS have raised questions about the new role of the internet in the spread of terrorism. However, the use of the mass media by terrorist groups to recruit and spread is not unique to ISIS or the digital age and has been an aspect of terrorism since its modern conception. To explain the spread of terrorism historically and understand the unique dimensions of terrorism and the internet, a cultural explanation is proposed to explain the process through terrorism spreads as well as the content that inspires violence. This study includes two major parts: a virtual …