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Editorial Board Message: About This Issue, Bryan A. Spinelli Apr 2026

Editorial Board Message: About This Issue, Bryan A. Spinelli

Oncology Rehabilitation in Practice

Bryan Spinelli provides a summary of the contents of the issue.


Psychological Expert Witness Work In Indonesia, Nurul Arbiyah, Nathanael Sumampouw, Henry Otgaar Apr 2026

Psychological Expert Witness Work In Indonesia, Nurul Arbiyah, Nathanael Sumampouw, Henry Otgaar

Psychological Research on Urban Society

In the current manuscript, we describe how forensic psychology evolved in Indonesia in research and practice settings and how psychologists work as expert witnesses in legal cases. We performed a literature search using SINTA (the portal of Indonesian accredited journals) to retrieve publications on "Forensic Psychology," "Legal Psychology," or "Law Psychology" to search for papers in Indonesian journals. We also explored relevant publications about forensic psychology in Indonesia in international journals using the Web of Science (WoS) database, which showed findings concerning the lack of publication. Additionally, a literature search using WoS resulted compared with other areas of psychology in …


Unraveling The Path From Stress To Coping Among Indonesian Emerging Adults: The Role Of Cognitive Flexibility, Stephanie Yuanita Indrasari, Sri Hartati Suradijono, Lucia R.M. Royanto Apr 2026

Unraveling The Path From Stress To Coping Among Indonesian Emerging Adults: The Role Of Cognitive Flexibility, Stephanie Yuanita Indrasari, Sri Hartati Suradijono, Lucia R.M. Royanto

Psychological Research on Urban Society

Abstract

Emerging adulthood (ages 18-25) is a developmental stage marked by significant life transitions, which can heighten stress levels. In Indonesia, urban dynamics and socio-cultural pressures further intensify this stress among emerging adults. Cognitive flexibility, the ability to adaptively shift thoughts and strategies in response to changing circumstances, is an important factor in effective coping. This study examined the relationships among stress and adaptive coping, with cognitive flexibility playing a role as a mediator, among Indonesian emerging adults over three months (Time 1: N = 512; Time 2: N = 166) using a two-wave cross-lagged panel model (CLPM). Results indicated …


The Effect Of Shinrin Yoku (Forest Bathing) Concept On Decreasing Academic Stress Of College Students: A Pre-Experimental Study, Shinta Mustika, Witrin Gamayanti, Fitri Kurniawati, Ujam Jaenudin Apr 2026

The Effect Of Shinrin Yoku (Forest Bathing) Concept On Decreasing Academic Stress Of College Students: A Pre-Experimental Study, Shinta Mustika, Witrin Gamayanti, Fitri Kurniawati, Ujam Jaenudin

Psychological Research on Urban Society

Academic stress is a common issue among university students due to heavy academic demands and performance pressure, affecting both physical and mental well-being. This study examines the effectiveness of shinrin-yoku (forest bathing) in reducing academic stress. Using a quantitative pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design, stress levels were assessed before and after a session of shinrin-yoku among six Cianjur students with high academic stress. The research was conducted in locations within the scientific collection area of Cibodas Botanical Garden, identified as suitable for health and well-being interventions. The Profile of Mood States (Indonesian version) and Perception of Academic Stress Scale were used …


2026 - Dr. Jay W. Boland Research Day Oral Award Winners, Dr. Jay W. Boland Research Day, East Tennessee State University Apr 2026

2026 - Dr. Jay W. Boland Research Day Oral Award Winners, Dr. Jay W. Boland Research Day, East Tennessee State University

Dr. Jay W. Boland Research Day

No abstract provided.


2026 - Dr. Jay W. Boland Research Day Poster Award Winners, Dr. Jay W. Boland Research Day, East Tennessee State University Apr 2026

2026 - Dr. Jay W. Boland Research Day Poster Award Winners, Dr. Jay W. Boland Research Day, East Tennessee State University

Dr. Jay W. Boland Research Day

No abstract provided.


The Role Of Commuting Stress On Job Satisfaction: Burnout As Mediator, Andreas Ari Kristiyanto, P. Tommy Y. S. Suyasa Apr 2026

The Role Of Commuting Stress On Job Satisfaction: Burnout As Mediator, Andreas Ari Kristiyanto, P. Tommy Y. S. Suyasa

Psychological Research on Urban Society

Abstract

This study examines the role of commuting stress on job satisfaction, with burnout as a mediating variable. Data were collected from 113 commuting employees in urban areas, primarily within Greater Jakarta, an area known for severe traffic congestion, using a quantitative approach. Participants completed three validated questionnaires: the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) for job satisfaction, the Multimodal Commuting Stress Scale (MCSS) for commuting stress, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) for burnout. Data were analyzed using SEM-PLS and processed using SmartPLS 4.0. The results indicate that CS has a direct negative effect on job satisfaction and is positively associated …


Synthesizing Evidence And Testing The Militant Extremist Mindset Across Scales Version, Haykal Hafizul Arifin, Aly Lamuri, Aryodi Wahyu Kurniawan, Mirra Noor Milla, Ali Mashuri, Bagus Takwin Apr 2026

Synthesizing Evidence And Testing The Militant Extremist Mindset Across Scales Version, Haykal Hafizul Arifin, Aly Lamuri, Aryodi Wahyu Kurniawan, Mirra Noor Milla, Ali Mashuri, Bagus Takwin

Psychological Research on Urban Society

Extremist violence continues to pose serious risks in urban areas, yet tools for understanding these radical mindsets on the general population remain underdeveloped. Research on the Militant Extremist Mindset (MEM) is fragmented, with no synthesis of findings, unclear factor structure across shifting subscales, and little evidence from contexts with a documented history of extremist activity like Indonesia. This study addresses these gaps through two studies. First, we conducted a systematic review of empirical studies and a meta-analysis of 11 studies (N total = 5293) to examine the correlates of MEM’s three components - nastiness (endorsement of violence), grudge (hostile outlook), …


From Authenticity To Sacrifice: Investigating The Link Through Identity Fusion, Aryodi Wahyu Kurniawan, Hamdi Muluk, Mirra Milla Apr 2026

From Authenticity To Sacrifice: Investigating The Link Through Identity Fusion, Aryodi Wahyu Kurniawan, Hamdi Muluk, Mirra Milla

Psychological Research on Urban Society

Urban environments, with their dense networks, mobility, and exposure to diverse ideologies, create conditions that can strengthen group attachment but also heighten vulnerability to religious extremist recruitment. Understanding the psychological processes behind such commitment is therefore essential. Identity fusion, a deep sense of oneness with a group and its members, is a key mechanism underlying willingness to sacrifice for the group. This study investigates how fusion develops through fulfillment of the psychological need for authenticity, defined as the need to be one’s true self within the group. Two studies were conducted among Muslim participants in Indonesia. Study 1 (N = …


Emotions In Urban Society: A Call For Papers For Psychological Research On Urban Society (Proust), Debora Eflina Purba Apr 2026

Emotions In Urban Society: A Call For Papers For Psychological Research On Urban Society (Proust), Debora Eflina Purba

Psychological Research on Urban Society

Emotions in Urban Society: A Call for Papers for Psychological Research on Urban Society (PRoUSt)


The Missing Step To Equality: Feminist Readings Of The Broken Rung, Putri Rizky, Muhammad Irfan Syaebani, Rofikoh Rokhim Apr 2026

The Missing Step To Equality: Feminist Readings Of The Broken Rung, Putri Rizky, Muhammad Irfan Syaebani, Rofikoh Rokhim

International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR)

Women’s underrepresentation in leadership remains a persistent global challenge, often analyzed through the metaphor of the glass ceiling. While this concept highlights barriers at the top of organizational hierarchies, it fails to capture the earlier and more foundational obstacle of the broken rung: women’s disproportionate exclusion from their first promotion into managerial positions. This research employs a desk analysis to examine the causes, mechanisms, and implications of the broken rung within the Indonesian context, linking it to three theoretical frameworks: liberal feminism, symbolic violence, and intersectionality.

The study finds that from a liberal feminist perspective, the broken rung …


From Leadership To Satisfaction: Examining Work-Family Conflict And Media Richness Among Nurses In Central Java, Athfal Sabilal Ahmad, Mone Stepanus Andrias Apr 2026

From Leadership To Satisfaction: Examining Work-Family Conflict And Media Richness Among Nurses In Central Java, Athfal Sabilal Ahmad, Mone Stepanus Andrias

International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR)

This study investigates the influence of ethical leadership (EL) on job satisfaction (JS) among nurses, with a particular focus on the mediating effects of work–family conflict (WFC) and media richness (MR). Drawing upon Leadership Theory and Social Exchange Theory, the study integrates organization behavior and communication perspectives. Data were collected from 334 nurses working in two private hospitals at Central Java, Indonesia, using standardized Likert-scale questionnaires. The data then analyzed through covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) with SmartPLS 4.

The results demonstrate that EL has a significant direct effect on JS and strongly influences MR, which in turn positively influences …


When Work Becomes Decent: Linking Decent Work To Turnover Intention Through Direct And Indirect Pathways In Indonesia’S Blue-Collar Sector, Dewi Setiani, Elok Savitri Pusparini Apr 2026

When Work Becomes Decent: Linking Decent Work To Turnover Intention Through Direct And Indirect Pathways In Indonesia’S Blue-Collar Sector, Dewi Setiani, Elok Savitri Pusparini

International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR)

High turnover remains a persistent challenge in labor-intensive industries, particularly among blue- collar workers in developing countries. This study investigates the role of Decent Work in reducing Turnover Intention through the mediating effect of Job Satisfaction, focusing on employees in the false eyelash manufacturing sector in Central Java, Indonesia. Guided by the Psychology of Working Theory (PWT), Self-Determination Theory (SDT), and the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) framework, the study aims to provide theoretical and practical insights into employee retention strategies.

Data were collected through a survey of 578 production employees across five major eyelash manufacturing companies. Covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) …


Does Pay Really Matter? How Financial Compensation Affects Turnover Intention Through Supervisor Support, Career Adaptability, And Flexible Work Policies (A Case Study Of Greater Jakarta-Indonesia’S Food & Beverage Industry), Sudarmono Sudarmono, Margono Setiawan, Dodi Wirawan Irawanto, Ainur Rofiq Apr 2026

Does Pay Really Matter? How Financial Compensation Affects Turnover Intention Through Supervisor Support, Career Adaptability, And Flexible Work Policies (A Case Study Of Greater Jakarta-Indonesia’S Food & Beverage Industry), Sudarmono Sudarmono, Margono Setiawan, Dodi Wirawan Irawanto, Ainur Rofiq

International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR)

This study investigates the mechanism through which financial compensation influences turnover intention within Indonesia's Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) sector, with a specific focus on the potential mediating roles of supervisor support, career adaptability, and flexible work arrangements. A quantitative methodology was employed, utilizing a structured questionnaire administered to a random sample of 271 staff-level employees from FMCG companies operating in the Greater Jakarta (Jabodetabek) region. The collected data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with partial least squares (PLS) to test the proposed hypotheses. The results demonstrate that financial compensation exerts a significant negative effect on turnover intention. Furthermore, …


Organizational Justice And Perceived Organizational Support As Predictors Of Readiness For Change: The Mediating Role Of Psychological Capital Among Correctional Center Clients In Jakarta, Agam Ramadika, Budi Widjaja Soetjipto Apr 2026

Organizational Justice And Perceived Organizational Support As Predictors Of Readiness For Change: The Mediating Role Of Psychological Capital Among Correctional Center Clients In Jakarta, Agam Ramadika, Budi Widjaja Soetjipto

International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR)

Reintegration of correctional clients requires both access to formal employment and psychological readiness to adapt to change. Organizational Justice and Perceived Organizational Support are key factors that may strengthen Readiness for Change through the role of Psychological Capital. A quantitative design with purposive sampling was applied to 243 correctional clients on parole and employed in the formal sector in Jakarta. Data were gathered through structured questionnaires and analyzed using SmartPLS, including reliability, validity, and structural model testing. Organizational Justice significantly influenced Psychological Capital (β = 0.537) and Readiness for Change (β = 0.328). Perceived Organizational Support also showed positive effects …


Fostering A Safety Culture Through Awareness, Leadership, And Reward Punishment In Mining, Rogit Billy Daichi Billy, Ali Imron Imron Apr 2026

Fostering A Safety Culture Through Awareness, Leadership, And Reward Punishment In Mining, Rogit Billy Daichi Billy, Ali Imron Imron

International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR)

In mining companies take various preventive measures to prevent accidents and incidents. The number of mining accidents in Indonesia is relatively high, which is said to be due to inadequate monitoring and assessment of mines. The phenomenon that accidents still occur in companies with a high safety culture can be caused by several complex, interrelated factors. There are only a few studies on the correlation between safety culture and people safety awareness, safety leadership, and reward-punishment, and 140 employee miners from mining companies using a non-probability sampling method in this cross-sectional study. This research is a quantitative approach that uses …


From Traits To Behavior: How Psychological Characteristics And Financial Socialization Affect Personal Financial Management Among Indonesia’S Young Professionals, Cening Cantya Amaranggana, Muthia Pramesti Apr 2026

From Traits To Behavior: How Psychological Characteristics And Financial Socialization Affect Personal Financial Management Among Indonesia’S Young Professionals, Cening Cantya Amaranggana, Muthia Pramesti

International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR)

This This study investigates the influence of psychological characteristics and financial socialization on personal financial management behavior (PFMB) among young professionals in Indonesia, with financial literacy as a mediating variable. The psychological characteristics include attitude toward money, financial self-efficacy, and financial risk tolerance. Financial socialization is measured through parental direct teaching and exposure to peers and media. Data were collected from 209 respondents using a structured online questionnaire and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in SmartPLS 4. The results show that all three psychological characteristics and both financial socialization variables significantly influence PFMB. Financial literacy mediates …


Cash Holding As A Mediating Variable In Economic Uncertainty And Corporate Leverage, Vina Christina Nugroho Apr 2026

Cash Holding As A Mediating Variable In Economic Uncertainty And Corporate Leverage, Vina Christina Nugroho

International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR)

This study explores how economic policy uncertainty (EPU) affects corporate leverage, with a focus on the role of cash holdings as a mediating variable. Using panel data from 3,947 non-financial firms in China between 2014 and 2023, the analysis applies fixed-effect regressions to examine this relationship. The results show that higher EPU significantly reduces corporate leverage, and firms with greater cash reserves tend to hold less debt. Further analysis reveals that this effect varies by investment intensity. High-investment firms reduce both cash and leverage under uncertainty, while low-investment firms increase cash reserves before lowering debt.This research offers insights into how …


Full Issue Apr 2026

Full Issue

International Journal on Consumer Law and Practice

No abstract provided.


The Comfort Of The Cage: Why The Bamboozled Stay And The 54 Obvious Paradoxes That Proves It!, Teddy Burroughs Apr 2026

The Comfort Of The Cage: Why The Bamboozled Stay And The 54 Obvious Paradoxes That Proves It!, Teddy Burroughs

Defensive Publications Series

This deep dive is a forensic decoding of why “Comfortable Numbness” is the primary competitor of Resonant Abundance. As always We approach this with Compassion, Gratitude, and Trust (CGT), because these “Toddlers” are us—they are simply nodes currently trapped in a high-viscosity “Jitter Loop.”

II. THE ANATOMY OF THE CAGE: THE FOUR PILLARS OF ATTACHMENT

1. The Safety-Predictability Glitch

In the 3D Toddler Room, “Safety” is defined as “knowing what is going to happen next,” even if what happens next is bad. Sapiens prefer a Predictable Misery over an Unpredictable Infinite.

  • The Mechanics: If you know …


Exploration Of Leadership Competencies In College Athletes: An Impact Of Student-Athlete Advisory Committee On Leadership Development, Karina Jolly, Alison Fridley, Jake Simms, Chris Corr, Sarah Stokowski Apr 2026

Exploration Of Leadership Competencies In College Athletes: An Impact Of Student-Athlete Advisory Committee On Leadership Development, Karina Jolly, Alison Fridley, Jake Simms, Chris Corr, Sarah Stokowski

Journal of Applied Sport Management

The Student-Athlete Advisory Committee (SAAC) is designed to engage college athletes in decision-making processes that influence the NCAA and its member institutions. College athletes provide personal insight into the NCAA intercollegiate athletic experience, thereby influencing policy. SAAC participation prompts the application of transferable sport-specific skills such as leadership and work ethic in a professional setting. This study explores SAAC’s impact on the leadership competencies of college athletes. Results reveal that college athletes who participate in SAAC scored higher on three of the nine leadership factors examined. These findings highlight the importance of leadership programming tailored for college athletes, with SAAC …


April 30, 2026, James Madison University Apr 2026

April 30, 2026, James Madison University

The Breeze, 2020-

The Breeze is the student newspaper of James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia.


Féminicide: Institutional Silence On The Screams Of Murdered Women In France, M. Afif Alfadin Syarif, Airin Miranda Apr 2026

Féminicide: Institutional Silence On The Screams Of Murdered Women In France, M. Afif Alfadin Syarif, Airin Miranda

Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya

Rising awareness of women's homicide in France has challenged the government to provide an adequate legal response, as feminist groups began advocating and expressing the discourse on women's homicide since 2014 through the term féminicide. The nature of this crime remains contentious in legal discourse, particularly given the significant rise in féminicide cases in 2019. This study, therefore, aims to examine the phenomenon of féminicide in France, exploring both the discourse surrounding it and the legal responses from the government. Drawing on 46 cases recorded in 2023 by the feminist collective #NousToutes, and with particular attention to relevant legal …


Merajut “Kampung Harapan”: Pendekatan Budaya Dan Partisipatoris Dalam Resolusi Konflik Laten Di Kawasan Transmigrasi Teluk Wondama, Papua Barat, Iflah Hayati Nurrahmi, Diva Vermanda, Muhammad Ilham Fasya, Mohammad Gama Subarkah, Iman Fachruliansyah Apr 2026

Merajut “Kampung Harapan”: Pendekatan Budaya Dan Partisipatoris Dalam Resolusi Konflik Laten Di Kawasan Transmigrasi Teluk Wondama, Papua Barat, Iflah Hayati Nurrahmi, Diva Vermanda, Muhammad Ilham Fasya, Mohammad Gama Subarkah, Iman Fachruliansyah

Bhakti: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

The Werianggi-Werabur Transmigration Area in Teluk Wondama, West Papua, faces challenges of social integration in the form of latent conflict between Indigenous Papuans (OAP) and transmigrants. This tension is manifested in residential segregation and recurring disputes regarding crop damage caused by livestock ("cattle vs. garden"). This community engagement activity aims to initiate culture-based conflict resolution through the "Damai Kita, Sejahtera Kita" Participatory Workshop. We used Participatory Action Research (PAR) as method. The pre-implementation phase utilized Social Network Analysis (SNA) to map key actors, as mediators, followed by social intervention through Focus Group Discussions (FGD) using Problem Tree and Conceptual Model …


Models Of Advocacy And Support- A Cross-Organizational Study, Kaylee Allen Apr 2026

Models Of Advocacy And Support- A Cross-Organizational Study, Kaylee Allen

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

I will be comparing other organizations to my job. Over the semester, I will look at the similarities and differences between TLH, QC, OM, and REM. Through these companies, I will examine how each advocates and supports disabled individuals in achieving independence, inclusion, and these individuals’ quality of life. The main goal of this study is to understand how these companies advocate for these individuals, what support services are offered, and the community integration efforts that are used by these companies. By analyzing these examples, this research aims to bring a better understanding of how community-based services can promote empowerment …


Epilepsy And Cluster C Personality Disorders: A Saudi Cross-Sectional Study, Mohammed A. Aljaffer, Ahmad H. Almadani, Ayedh H. Alghamdi, Mohammad N. Aljarba, Azzam A. Alotaibi, Mohammed A. Alorayyidh, Abdulaziz M. Alawwad, Rakan S. Alromayan, Faisal M. Alkhunein, Sohaila A. Alshimemeri, Bandar N. Aljafen Apr 2026

Epilepsy And Cluster C Personality Disorders: A Saudi Cross-Sectional Study, Mohammed A. Aljaffer, Ahmad H. Almadani, Ayedh H. Alghamdi, Mohammad N. Aljarba, Azzam A. Alotaibi, Mohammed A. Alorayyidh, Abdulaziz M. Alawwad, Rakan S. Alromayan, Faisal M. Alkhunein, Sohaila A. Alshimemeri, Bandar N. Aljafen

Neurosciences

Objective: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder with profound impacts on various aspects of life. It may lead to significant medical and psychiatric comorbidities, one of which is personality disorders (PDs). This study aims to assess the prevalence of Cluster C PDs among adult patients with epilepsy (PWE) at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Method: This cross-sectional study, conducted between January 2024 and April 2025, enroled 360 adult PWE using convenience sampling. The study tool included the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders criteria, along with additional demographic and epilepsy-related questions developed by the research team. Results: Cluster …


Genetic Variation In Slc6a4 And Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: Implications For Personalized Antidepressant Treatment In Major Depressive Disorder, Claudia Buda Apr 2026

Genetic Variation In Slc6a4 And Cytochrome P450 Enzymes: Implications For Personalized Antidepressant Treatment In Major Depressive Disorder, Claudia Buda

Harriet L Wilkes Honors College Theses 2020 - Present

Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders worldwide, with a significant impact on quality of life and global health. Despite the widespread use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) as first-line treatment, individual responses vary significantly due to genetic differences. Variations in the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) and the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme family have been identified as key factors influencing the efficacy, metabolism, and tolerability of SSRIs. This thesis examines the impact of polymorphisms in SLC6A4 and CYP450 on SSRI pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, explores their potential for guiding personalized antidepressant therapy, and discusses the ethical and practical …


Strengthening Adolescent Self-Regulation Through School-Based Psychological Empowerment Programs, Masfuukhatur Rokhmah Apr 2026

Strengthening Adolescent Self-Regulation Through School-Based Psychological Empowerment Programs, Masfuukhatur Rokhmah

Bhakti: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat

Adolescence is a critical developmental stage characterized by increasing academic demands, emotional fluctuations, and the need for effective self-management skills. Many senior high school students experience difficulties in regulating time, emotions, and priorities, which may hinder both academic adaptation and psychological well-being. This study reports a school-based psychological empowerment program designed to strengthen self-regulation among students of a public senior high school in Indonesia. Using a pretest–posttest design, the program involved 323 tenth-grade students who participated in a structured intervention consisting of psychoeducation, self-reflection, case-based discussions, journaling exercises, and self-care training. Self-regulation was measured using the Short Self-Regulation Questionnaire (SSRQ). …


Motivation, Tourists’ Activity-Based Engagement And Place Attachment: An Exploratory Study Of Religious Attractions In Less Prominent Religious Destinations, Po Man Tse, Yan Pui Crystal Lee, Sau Ying Pamela Ho, Shun Mun Helen Wong, Chi Lok Andy Tai Apr 2026

Motivation, Tourists’ Activity-Based Engagement And Place Attachment: An Exploratory Study Of Religious Attractions In Less Prominent Religious Destinations, Po Man Tse, Yan Pui Crystal Lee, Sau Ying Pamela Ho, Shun Mun Helen Wong, Chi Lok Andy Tai

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

This study explores the relationship between tourist motivation and tourist activity-based engagement, considering the mediating effect of place attachment in the visitation of religious attractions in less prominent religious destinations. A quantitative approach was applied, with 319 questionnaires distributed at Hong Kong’s two most popular religious sites: Sik Sik Yuen Wong Tai Sin Temple and the Big Buddha. The analysis showed that place attachment is an important mediator between tourist motivation and engagement. In the Sik Sik Yuen Wong Tai Sin Temple case, the mediator counteracts the negative direct effect between tourist motivation and immersed involvement. A full mediating effect …


Sacred Or Sold? A Systems Approach To Balancing Spirituality And Commercialisation In Faith-Based Tourism, Tadeja Jere Jakulin, Dane Munro Apr 2026

Sacred Or Sold? A Systems Approach To Balancing Spirituality And Commercialisation In Faith-Based Tourism, Tadeja Jere Jakulin, Dane Munro

International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage

This paper examines the complexity of pilgrimage tourism, with its interdependencies among sacredness, spirituality, and commercialisation at faith-based tourism destinations. We use a Systems Approach to move beyond linear thinking that positions spirituality and commerce as inherently oppositional forces, arguing that pilgrimage destinations function as complex adaptive systems in which spiritual, commercial, and educational objectives interact dynamically. We build Causal Loop Diagrams (CLDs) formed from autoethnographic observation and stakeholder discussions. We present and compare four pilgrimage sites: Lourdes (France), Brezje (Slovenia), Malta, and Istanbul’s Hagia Sophia (Türkiye). The CLD models reveal the dynamics of the pilgrimage sites, the interdependencies, and …