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Obesity Among The Urban Poor Evidence From A Community-Based Study Among Adults Residing In An Underprivileged Area Of Bengaluru City, India, Avita Rose Johnson, Sakthi Arasu, Mitchell Singstock, Nancy Angeline

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Obesity is increasing among the urban poor and is a major risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and determinants of obesity among adults over the age of 30 years in an underprivileged community of Bengaluru city.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in an underprivileged area of Southern Bangalore. Sociodemographic details, diet, and lifestyle risk factors were assessed by a pretested questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, and waist circumference were recorded and World Health Organization Asian cutoffs for body mass index (BMI) …

A Cross-Sectional Study On Predictors Of Quality Of Life Of Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Anuradha Gautam

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Quality of life (QoL) in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a salient issue. The advent of highly active antiretroviral treatment has changed this deadly disease to a chronic manageable illness with focus shifting from fighting virus to ensuring a good QoL.

AIMS:

The aim of the study was to assess the predictors of health-related QoL (HRQoL) of PLHIV.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 205 PLHIV at antiretroviral therapy (ART) plus center of a tertiary care hospital of Lucknow. Interview method was used to collect the data. …

Nutrition Insights In Covid-19, Harpreet Kour, Richa Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The COVID-19 is compromising individuals' immunity to a larger extent, it becomes imperative to strengthen and support the immune system with the right nutrition. Immune functioning can be improved through the right nutrition. Hence, adequate nutrition becomes paramount in leveling up the immune functioning through higher and wider Immunoglobulin generation. This review article is attempted to highlight the importance of nutrition during compromised immunity as in the case of COVID-19.

Photokeratitis Following Exposure To Germicidal Ultraviolet Lamps During The Covid Pandemic, Suprava Das, Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi, Deergha Pareek

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Twelve patients presented with symptoms of pain, redness, watering, and photophobia following exposure to germicidal ultraviolet (UV) lamp. Anterior segment examination showed varying degrees of ciliary congestion and superficial corneal punctate epithelial erosions in all patients. Diagnosis of post-UV photokeratitis was made. Patients were treated with topical antibiotics and artificial lubricating drops. All patients were symptom free 1 week following presentation. The use of standard protective gear and closely following manufacturer guidelines can prevent such complications.

Occupational Safety And Health Hazards Among Cashew Processing Workers Of Cuddalore District A Cross-Sectional Study, Janana Priya, Lavanya Ayyasamy, Sri Madhu Priya Mahendiran, Adhithyaa Selvarathinam

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Occupational health and safety is a major concern of all time despite consequent advancement in all forms of industries. As stated in multiple research papers from various parts of the nation, more than 90% of workers involved in cashew processing were females who are socially and economically backward. This paper aims to find the existing occupational health hazards of workers in the cashew processing unit and the level of safety measures adopted. In addition, the health outcome in relation to certain improvisations made in the process was also analyzed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Full-time workers from the cashew processing unit …

Academic Loss-Related Anxiety Among College Students During Covid-19 Pandemic, Sagar Rai, Zareen Akhtar, Kaushal Kishor Singh, Madan Lal Brahma Bhatt, Sudhir Kumar Verma, Sujita Kumar Kar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The global outbreak of SARS-CoV2, initially affecting few individuals in Wuhan city of China, is now devastating millions of lives. Among all, students face substantial challenges, mainly in academic losses due to the imposed lockdown that may be detrimental to their mental well-being. Our study aimed to identify the anxiety levels among university students undergoing training in various disciplines.

METHODS:

It was a cross-sectional study. General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale within a semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess students' anxiety levels about their academic loss.

RESULTS:

A total of 507 students from India participated in the survey. Eventually, the prevalence …

Lifestyle Behavior Of Patients With Noncommunicable Diseases During Covid-19 Pandemic An Observational Study, Renu Bala, Amit Srivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses an unprecedented challenge and adversely affects the lifestyle of people with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) due to enforced restrictions by the governments.

AIMS:

The study aimed to assess the physical activity and prophylactic behavior, along with change in sleep, alcohol intake, and tobacco consumption during the enforced lockdown.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study was conducted in August 2020 and recruited NCD patients visiting the institute's outpatient department. Questions were formed on prophylactic behavior, changes in sleep, and alcohol and tobacco consumption along with a validated scale of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form.

RESULTS:

The …

Effectiveness Of Meditation Programs In Empirically Reducing Stress And Amplifying Cognitive Function, Thus Boosting Individual Health Status A Narrative Overview, Rohan Arora, Reshu Gupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Meditation is increasingly being used to promote general health, to treat stress and stress-related conditions, and is also beginning to find its feet in cognitive therapeutics. This article intends to evaluate its impacts on stress and cognitive function, aiming to augment the understanding of the mechanisms and subsequent implications for individual health. A multistep approach was used for the purpose of selection of articles, which was based on shortlisting of titles, then abstracts and further full texts. Subject to selection criteria, keywords “Meditation,” “stress,” “cognition,” “reducing,” “health,” and “effectiveness” were used to search online databases and conduct hand searches. The …

Challenges And Management Of Type-1 Diabetes In Covid-19 Pandemic, Sujata Jali

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Acute Epiglottitis In Elderly Age Group Our Experiences At A Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital In Eastern India, Santosh Kumar Swain, Nibi Shajahan, Priyanka Debta, Somadatta Das, Rabindranath Padhy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Acute epiglottitis (AE) is a potentially life-threatening condition which can lead to airway obstruction. It is less commonly encountered in elderly persons but has more potential for poor outcome due to the indolent property of the clinical presentations.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to assess the clinical presentations and management of the elderly patients who visited the outpatient department of otorhinolaryngology with AE.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective study done at a tertiary care teaching hospital from December 2014 to November 2019. We searched our electronic medical records for patient details with the diagnosis of …

Effect Of Panchatikta Ksheera Basti With Kati Basti In Katishoola W. S. R Lumbar Disc Degeneration – A Clinical Study, Neelam Kaalia, Santosh Kumar Bhatted, S. H. Acharya

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

Low back pain is the most common clinical presentation in musculoskeletal disorder due to spinal pathology. Factors such as improper sitting postures, jerky movements in travel, sports activities, aging, and bad sleeping posture are the important factors to produce spinal disorders. Lower back pain has been associated with degeneration of the intervertebral disc.

Aims:

This clinical study was carried out to judge the effectiveness of

Panchatikta

Ksheera

Basti

(medicated herbal therapeutic enema) with

Kati

Basti

in lumbar disc degeneration-induced

Katishoola.

Settings and Design:

This was an open-labeled, single-arm, interventional clinical study.

Subjects and Methods:

Fifteen diagnosed cases of low …

Effect Of Yoga On Pulmonary Function Test, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Estimation, Hand Grip Strength, And Quality Of Life In Participants With Thyroid Dysfunction A Pre-Post Clinical Trial, Surya Krishnanunni, B. R. Ganesh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Thyroid dysfunction is the most common occurring endocrine disorder among the general population. According to projections from several readings on thyroid disease, 42 million people in India have been estimated to be suffering from diseases as a result of thyroidism. Yoga has been found valuable in numerous diseases. Yogic exercise restores body roles through the manipulation of cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic control mechanism. Yoga has been proven to be an effective adjunct in thyroid conditions in various studies.

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to assess the effect of yoga on respiratory function, thyroid-stimulating hormone estimation, and hand …

Burnout Among Nurses At A Tertiary Care Hospital Of South India, Anchu V. Raju, Aneeta Emmanual, Dilty Shaji, Mohammed Rithu Faizal, Priya Reshma Aranha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Burnout is clearly identified as a problem in the area of human services that need to be addressed. Burnout negatively affects the health and personal lives if the employees experiencing it. Nurses are more prone for burn out in their day-to-day professional life.

Objectives:

The present study was conducted to determine the burnout among the staff nurses and to find association of burn out scores with selected demographic variables.

Materials and Methods:

A quantitative research approach with descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The study was conducted in selected tertiary care hospital. The variables under study were …

Correlation Between Physical Abuse And Anxiety Among School-Going Adolescents (10-16 Years Age) Of Belagavi A School-Based Study, Gavishiddhayya B. Salimath, Sudha A. Raddi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

The relationship between childhood maltreatment and bountiful range of mental divergence has been well assumed. Anxiety disorders are the usual mental health concern facing adolescents today, yet they are largely insufficiently treated. Physical abuse often does not occur in isolation, but as part of a constellation of behaviors including authoritarian control, anxiety-provoking behavior, and a lack of parental warmth.

Objectives:

To find out the correlation between physical abuse and anxiety among school-going adolescents.

Materials and Methods:

The present study was conducted among eight schools at Belagavi, using descriptive cross-sectional research design with stratified cluster sampling. It included primary and …

Awareness About Donning And Doffing Of Personal Protective Equipment Among Doctors Working In A Fever Clinic Of West Bengal, Ankita Mishra, Vineeta Shukla, Ripan Saha, Kuntala Ray, Raghunath Misra, Mausumi Basu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Fever clinics were established across the country for screening of patients suggestive of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The doctors posted in these clinics were provided with personal protective equipment (PPE) for their protection. Improper use of these equipment may result in infection.

Objectives:

The objective is to assess the awareness of doctors posted at fever clinic regarding donning and doffing of PPE.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out from May to June 2020 on doctors posted at the fever clinic of Sambhunath Pandit Hospital, Kolkata by census method using a predesigned, pretested structured questionnaire (Google form). …

Cross-Sectional Study Of Awareness Toward Covid-19 Among Medical Students Of Kumaun Region Of Uttarakhand, Thakkar Hemaben, Sujan Singh, Poonam Kumari, Mohd. Maroof, Maneesh Bhatt

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic has been declared as a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. Being highly contagious in nature, it has become a major concern for healthcare profession.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of the study is to assess the medical students' awareness regarding risk perception, disease transmission, and prevention of COVID-19 and to study their source of information and activities affected by lockdown.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted an online, descriptive cross-sectional study in April–May 2020, using WhatsApp Messenger. Medical students of 1

st

-year and 3

rd

-year (posted in community medicine department) …

Analysis Of Gut Bacterial Community Composition In Obese And Lean Indian Participants By Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, Tej Bahadur, Rama Chaudhry, Vishwa Deepak Bamola, Alka Mohan Chutani, Anil Kumar Verma, Jaishree Paul

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Human gut microbiota consists of variety of microbes which play vital role in the host development, physiology and homeostasis. Alteration in gut microbial composition or dysbiosis may lead to various diseases and lifestyle disorders including obesity. Since gut microbiota varies with differences in dietary habits and geographical locations therefore studies are required to look into the gut microbial diversity in Indian obese and lean subjects whose dietary habits and geography are different from the western world. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the microbial diversity in obese and lean Indian subjects.

Materials and Methods:

Subjects with similar …

Understanding Mental Health Perspectives Of Covid-19 Through The Lens Of Ayurveda, Janmejaya Samal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency and has affected more than 200 countries in the world. It was declared as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the end of January 2020 and a pandemic in March 2020. In addition to the public health challenges, this pandemic has created another parallel pandemic of mental health problems. Furthermore, the existing mental health problems have also been seen to exacerbate owing to this pandemic. The mental health problems are both seen among the community members and the health-care providers those who are in the continuous forefront of service …

Burden, Mortality, And Associated Factors Of Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ephrem Awulachew, Kuma Diriba, Asrat Anja, Feven Wudneh, Aschalew Gemede

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Pneumocystis pneumonia

has classically been described as a serious complication in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients caused by

Pneumocystis Jirovecii

pneumonia formerly called

Pneumocystis Carinii

Pneumonia (PJP). During the early period of the Acquire Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, PJP was recognized as one of the AIDS-defining illnesses for as many as two-thirds of patients in the United States. Despite the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), PJP remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to review existing literature on the burden, a mortality rate …

Extending An Equitable Covid-19 Response To The Disabled Individuals, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected everyone, but the impact is relatively higher among people who are vulnerable, such as disabled, refugee, migrants, elderly, and suffering from preexisting illness. The disabled people are more at the risk of acquisition of infection owing to the limited access to the public health messaging and the fact that if they are subjected to physical distancing, they will find it extremely difficult to survive as they depend on their caregivers for their routine activities. In these difficult times, it is of utmost importance that disabled persons should minimize the probability of exposure …

Anaemia Among Adolescents A Community-Based Study Using Cluster Sampling In Villages Under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre, Bangalore Urban District, Avita Rose Johnson, Cency Baburajan, T. Sulekha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

India has the largest adolescent population in the world, the majority of whom reside in rural areas. Anemia is one of the top five causes of morbidity among adolescents.

Objective:

To assess the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among adolescents aged 10–19 years residing in a rural area.

Methods:

Community-based, cross-sectional study in 25 villages and one town under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre (PHC), Bangalore Urban District. Two-staged cluster sampling was done. The interview schedule for sociodemographic details, diet, and physical activity was administered. Nutritional status was estimated by body mass index-for-age. Hemoglobin (Hb) was estimated using …

Effect Of Tamoxifen-Loaded Transdermal Patch On Physical And Biochemical Parameters In Dmba-Induced Breast Cancer, Anjana Adhyapak, B. G. Desai

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The current study assessed the effect of tamoxifen-loaded transdermal patch in Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer.

Materials and Methods:

Different formulations composed of various concentrations of tamoxifen citrate, poly (SA: RA), glucose, mannitol were formulated and were evaluated in DMBAinduced breast cancer in female albino Wistar rats. Multiple parameters such as body weight, hemoglobin content, red blood cell, white blood cell, SGPT, and SGOT were evaluated.

Results:

Treatment with formulations showed a decrease in body weight contrast to disease. Equally, a considerable increase in hemoglobin was observed in the formulation treated group over disease grouping. Likewise, there decrease in SGPT …

Evaluation Of Sleep-Disordered Breathing By Level 1 Polysomnography In A Tertiary Care Hospital, Anusha Chittapur Madhusoodan, Gajanan S. Gaude, Bhagyashri Santosh Patil, Jyothi Hattiholi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Sleep Disordered Breathing has become one of the primary causes of mortality in especially obese individuals owing to the modern lifestyle

Material and methods:

60 patients coming to outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital with Epworth sleepiness scale between 8 to 24 representing increasing levels

Results:

There were 60 (34 males and 26 females) subjects with mean age 56.45±12.51years and BMI 28.7±3.1. 16, 9, 22 subjects had mild, moderate

Conclusions:

OSA predominantly affects middle aged men who are overweight with many having high neck circumference. Severe OSA patients had longer.

How Physically Active Are Women In The Third Trimester Of Pregnancy? A Cross-Sectional Study Of Physical Activity In Pregnancy And Its Outcomes Among Women Delivering At A Rural Maternity Hospital In South India, Madonne Ruina Dishani, Avita Rose Johnson, Merlyn Joseph, Manisha James, Preeti Lakra, Naveen Ramesh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Physical activity influences perinatal outcomes. Moderate-intensity aerobic activity of 150 min/week during pregnancy is recommended.

Objective:

This study aimed at assessing the physical activity levels during pregnancy and determining the factors associated with physical activity among rural women.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a rural maternity hospital, in a village in Ramanagara district located in the south of Karnataka among pregnant women >29 weeks of gestation and newly delivered mothers availing obstetric services at the hospital. A structured questionnaire with sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy details, and neonate details was used. International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form was …

Use Of Mask At Public Places Among Health Care Professionals Following Covid-19 Postquarantine Period In Southern Haryana, India, Abhishek Singh, Ram Kumar Panika, Vikas Gupta, Pawan Kumar Goel

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

The instances of social stigma and violence against health care worker was already prevalent but during COVID-19, such instances have reached its peak. So, this global health crisis of COVID-19 pandemic offers a unique opportunity to investigate the level of perceptions and practices regarding use of mask or personnel protective equipment (PPE) in public places amongst health care professionals following COVID-19 postquarantine period.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 100 health care personnel working in COVID-19 outpatient and wards as participants who have completed their quarantine period after being sent on quarantine at home/hostels or state-run facilities during the …

Biochemical Features Of Blood Vessel Extracellular Calcium-Sensing Receptor And Their Physiological Mechanism Of Action In The Regulation Of Vascular Tone And Blood Pressure, Leta Melaku, Lemma Amsalu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) is a G protein coupled receptor superfamily that has ability to sense very small changes in extracellular Ca2+ with primary physiological function of maintenance of constant blood Ca2+ levels. In addition to being expressed in tissues involved in [Ca2+]o homeostasis, it is also expressed in tissues not involved in mineral homeostasis, suggestive of additional physiological functions such as control vasomotor tone and blood pressure. However, the exact cellular mechanisms involved in these responses remain unclear. Stimulation of CaRs on perivascular nerves is proposed to evoke synthesis and release of nitric oxide (NO) from pre-synaptic terminals, …

The Immunity Boosting Circus, Jessica Philip

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Why It Is Imperative To Understand The Psychosocial Determinants Of Health While Treating Childhood Asthma?, M Shuriya Prabha, V Dinesh Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Cross-Sectional Study On Assessing Quality Of Life Of Patients Diagnosed With Superficial Dermatophytosis In South-West India, Bhavana Doshi, Vijaya Sajjan, B. S. Manjunathswamy, Anisha P. Bindagi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Dermatophytosis is a common skin infection, having recurrent and persisting course because of topical steroid abuse, irregular treatment, and poor hygiene. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) of patients diagnosed with superficial dermatophytosis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Patients (

n

= 100) diagnosed with superficial dermatophytosis were recruited in the study. A pretested, structured questionnaire was used for recording patient's details. The observing dermatologist simultaneously assessed the clinical severity of the disease. Data were collected by a single examiner and recorded in a case record pro forma. Clinically doubtful cases were included after …

Ocular Manifestations In Patients With Diabetes With End-Stage Renal Disease, Nagbhushan Chougule, Umesh Harakuni, Rolika Bansal, Lisa Sunny

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

PURPOSE:

Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of kidney failure and end-stage kidney disease. The present study was undertaken to find ocular changes and complications associated with diabetic end-stage kidney disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A 1-year cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of ophthalmology at a tertiary care hospital in South India between January 2008 and December 2008 on 50 patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing renal hemodialysis. Patients were subjected to general physical examination, systemic examination, and ocular examination. Best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and detailed examination of anterior and posterior segments were assessed.

RESULTS:

Male (74%) preponderance …