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Process Capability Analysis To Assess Capacity Of A Cleaning Liquid Product With Asymmetric Tolerances, Sohaib Khlil, Huthaifa Al-Khazraji, Zina Alabacy Aug 2026

Process Capability Analysis To Assess Capacity Of A Cleaning Liquid Product With Asymmetric Tolerances, Sohaib Khlil, Huthaifa Al-Khazraji, Zina Alabacy

Engineering and Technology Journal

Process capability indices are a powerful tool used by quality control engineering to measure the degree to which the process is or is not meeting the requirements. This paper studies the application of process capability indices in the evaluation of a process with asymmetric tolerances. The analyzed collected data of the cleaning liquid “Zahi”, was used to investigate the ability of the filling process to meet the requested specifications. Matlab software was used to plot ̅ ̅ control charts, normal probability, and histogram of the data gathered from the production line and further performed statistical calculations. It was observed from …

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Hydrological Model For Derbendi-Khan Dam Reservoir Watershed Using Swat Model, Thair Khayyun, Imzahim Abdulkareem, Ali Hayder Aug 2026

Hydrological Model For Derbendi-Khan Dam Reservoir Watershed Using Swat Model, Thair Khayyun, Imzahim Abdulkareem, Ali Hayder

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this study, the watershed’s runoff of Derbendi-Khan dam reservoir within the upper part of Diyala River reach the northeast of Iraq was modeled by Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The model calibration and validation were based on monthly measured inflow to the dam reservoir. They extended for a period between 1979 and 2008 with a warm-up period of two years, twenty-year for calibration, and eight-year for validation. Sequential Uncertainty Fitting version 2 (SUFI2) automatic calibration algorithm method used for model calibration and sensitivity analysis. Results demonstrate that the model performance for the studied watershed which is evaluated, with many …

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Properties Of Self-Compacting Cementitious Composite Materials Containing Cement Kiln Dust Powder, Ahmed Kadhim, Alaa Atiyah, Shakir Salih Aug 2026

Properties Of Self-Compacting Cementitious Composite Materials Containing Cement Kiln Dust Powder, Ahmed Kadhim, Alaa Atiyah, Shakir Salih

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper aims to investigate the influence of utilization micro cement kiln dust as a sustainable materials additive in order to reduce the voids and micro cracks in the cementitious mortar materials which cause a drastic reduction in the load carrying capacity of the element. Its therefore very important to decrease the pores and enhance the mechanical strength of the cementitious composite materials. In this article, the properties of self-compacting mortar containing micro cement dust additive was experimentally assessed. Micro cement dust powder was added to the self-compacting mortar in (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 %) percentage by weight …

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Variation Of Matric Suction As A Function Of Gypseous Soil Dry Density, Hussein Karim, Qasim Al-Obaidi, Ali Al-Shamoosi Aug 2026

Variation Of Matric Suction As A Function Of Gypseous Soil Dry Density, Hussein Karim, Qasim Al-Obaidi, Ali Al-Shamoosi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Gypseous soil is one of the most problematic types of collapsible soils which is affected by many geotechnical factors. The most important factors are the effect of loading and wetting and their relation to soil density, especially when the soil at unsaturation condition. Suction pressure is the main criteria in determining the deformation behaviour of unsaturated collapsible soil when these soils distributed in arid or semi-arid region. In this study, disturbed sample of sandy soil of more than 70% gypsum content is taken from Al-Ramadi city western of Iraq. This study interested to investigate the variation of matric suction with …

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Studying Wear Behavior Of Ni-Ti- Ag Shape Memory Alloy Synthesized By P/T, Suad Shihab, Khansaa Salman, Laith Saud Aug 2026

Studying Wear Behavior Of Ni-Ti- Ag Shape Memory Alloy Synthesized By P/T, Suad Shihab, Khansaa Salman, Laith Saud

Engineering and Technology Journal

Because of the unique properties, Ni-Ti based shape memory alloys (SMAs) are increasingly attractive for a wide variety of engineering applications such as actuators, biomedical, or robot coupling. In this work, a third alloying element, namely nanoparticles of Ag (which is insoluble in Ni-Ti matrix), is added by powder technology to the Ni-Ti alloy to produce a Ni-Ti-Ag alloy. The Nanoparticles of the Ag element are added at 3, 5, 7, and 10 wt. % to produce four alloy specimens with different mixtures .The mixing process was done by a horizontal mixer for 120 min with a speed of 350 …

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Correlation Of Soil Liquefaction Potential Index And Geotechnical Properties For Baghdad City, Iraq, Hussein Karim, Zena Samueel, Dalia Abdul Hussein Aug 2026

Correlation Of Soil Liquefaction Potential Index And Geotechnical Properties For Baghdad City, Iraq, Hussein Karim, Zena Samueel, Dalia Abdul Hussein

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper comprises the study and analysis of Baghdad soil for eight geotechnical properties, which extract from field experiments of 630 boreholes with depth taken to 30m and representing 200 sites. Soil investigation reports are composed from altered laboratory tests. The soil layers. Divided into each 2m, which means 15 studied’ layers and soil properties values were embraced and submitted. in tables and charts which have been analysis-using excel2013 and check the charts using curve expert program to get the relationships between the properties values and the factor of safety against liquefaction. The correlations between liquefaction potential represented by the …

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Behavior Of Cohesive Soil Reinforced By Polypropylene Fiber, Mohammed Al-Neami, Falah Raheel, Yassein Al-Ani Aug 2026

Behavior Of Cohesive Soil Reinforced By Polypropylene Fiber, Mohammed Al-Neami, Falah Raheel, Yassein Al-Ani

Engineering and Technology Journal

For any land-based structure, the foundation is very important and has to be strong to support the entire structure. In order for the foundation to be strong, the soil underneath it plays a very critical role. Some projects where the soil compacted by modifying energy is insufficient to achieve the required results, so the additives as a kind of installation and reinforcement are used to achieve the required improvement. This study introduces an attempt to improve cohesive soil by using Polypropylene Fiber instead of conventional kinds used in soil stabilization. Three different percentages (0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% by dry weight …

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Effect Of Modified Asphalt Cement Of The Performance Of Stone Matrix Mixtures, Duaa Khalaf, Zaynab Qasim, Karim Al Helo Aug 2026

Effect Of Modified Asphalt Cement Of The Performance Of Stone Matrix Mixtures, Duaa Khalaf, Zaynab Qasim, Karim Al Helo

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research investigates the behavior of Stone Matrix Asphalt mixtures (SMA) modified with styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) polymer at four percentages (1, 2, 3 and 4%) by weight of asphalt cement. The moisture susceptibility and rutting were taken into consideration in this study. To achieve the objective of this research the superpave system is conducted to design the asphalt mixtures. The physical properties of aggregate, bitumen and other mix materials were assessed and evaluated with the laboratory tests. The mixtures were prepared using penetration Graded (40-50) bitumen and a chemical named Polypropylene Fibers was used as a stabilizing additive. Fibers have been …

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Performance Improvement Of A Conventional Hydraulic Elevator By Using Electro-Hydraulic Servo Mechanism, Jamal Mohammed, Walaa Hashim, Bahaa Beram Aug 2026

Performance Improvement Of A Conventional Hydraulic Elevator By Using Electro-Hydraulic Servo Mechanism, Jamal Mohammed, Walaa Hashim, Bahaa Beram

Engineering and Technology Journal

An electro-hydraulic elevator is a new type of enhanced elevators that are used in low-rise buildings that do not exceed more than three floors. In this paper, an electro-hydraulic servo system for controlling the speed of a hydraulic elevator prototype by using a proportional valve and PID controller was investigated theoretically and experimentally. A three floors elevator prototype model with 76cm height was built including hydraulics components and electrical components. The elevator system is fully automated using the Arduino UNO board based Data Acquisition (DAQ) system. LabVIEW software is used to control the hydraulic elevator system through L298 DC drive …

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Utilization Of Mineral Sequestration For Co2 Capturing In Car Parks And Tunnels, Aymen Alsaad, Tareq Al-Attar, Basil Al-Shathr Aug 2026

Utilization Of Mineral Sequestration For Co2 Capturing In Car Parks And Tunnels, Aymen Alsaad, Tareq Al-Attar, Basil Al-Shathr

Engineering and Technology Journal

Decreasing the emissions of CO2 that come from vehicle exhaust, especially in car parking and tunnels, is so vital. CO2 emissions cause corrosion to a reinforcement of concrete. Thus, there is a need to provide a layer that protects the reinforcement from the reach of this harmful gas. This work goals to investigate the efficiency of using board units from Pozzolime concrete and pervious concrete to sequestrate CO2 from the environment and then to convert it into calcium carbonate inside the concrete. The units have dimensions of (200×400×40±5). All specimens were cured in a water tank after about 48 hours …

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Influence Of Fly Ash Addition On Behavior Of Soft Clayey Soil, Hussein Karim, Zeena Samueel, Adel Jassem Aug 2026

Influence Of Fly Ash Addition On Behavior Of Soft Clayey Soil, Hussein Karim, Zeena Samueel, Adel Jassem

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper investigates the impact of the fly Ash addition on the Geotechnical properties of soft soil as well as chooses the optimum percentage added of fly ash. To understand the behavior of fly ash mixed with soil, a number of laboratory experiments testing conducted on clayey soil-fly ash mixture in several percentages (5,10,15,20,25, and 30%) as Atterberg test, Specific gravity test, compaction test, California Bearing Ratio (C.B.R) Test, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) Test, Consolidation Test. Test results indicate rising in plastic limit and liquid limit as fly ash adding. Specific gravity decreased essentially by adding fly ash. Whereas there …

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Vision Improvement Using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles-Doped Pmma For Contact Lenses, Lina Shaker, Ali Al-Hamdani, Ahmed Al-Amiery Aug 2026

Vision Improvement Using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles-Doped Pmma For Contact Lenses, Lina Shaker, Ali Al-Hamdani, Ahmed Al-Amiery

Engineering and Technology Journal

Polymer-based nanocomposites exhibit various optical virtues such as a high refractive index (RI), the dispersion index (Abbe number (νd)) and visible light transmittance (T %) about 95-99%. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) is suggested as a good candidate to rise the RI and maintain high transparency when it is integrated with Poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer PMMA because TiO2 NPs have a high RI (2.45 and 2.7 for anatase and rutile phase, respectively). The ocular performance was evaluated by modulation transfer function (MTF) and image simulation. The used criteria show that the best visual performance is obtained when TiO2-PMMA-CL of 0.1 wt/volume …

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A Novel Application For Parabolic Trough Solar Collector Based On Helical Receiver Tube And Nano-Fluid With A Solar Tracking Mechanism, Saad Hamidi Aug 2026

A Novel Application For Parabolic Trough Solar Collector Based On Helical Receiver Tube And Nano-Fluid With A Solar Tracking Mechanism, Saad Hamidi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Novel techniques to enhance thermal performance using a helical coil receiver tube and Nano-fluid materials are presented in this paper. Two different applied techniques to enhance thermal performance are used as a new application on parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC). In the present work, PTSC has been fabricated using Dioxide Silicon SiO2 with an average particle size of 40nm by taking volume fraction of SiO2 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%. Distilled water based Nano-fluid as a working fluid and a helical coil receiver tube were used in this paper. Varying the flow rate of Nano-fluids 100,150 and 200l/h are used, respectively. …

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Effect Of Orientation And Pre-Tension On Stresses Distribution On V-Die Bending Processes By Finite Element Method, Adil Jabber, Aseel Abed, Anwar Zabon Aug 2026

Effect Of Orientation And Pre-Tension On Stresses Distribution On V-Die Bending Processes By Finite Element Method, Adil Jabber, Aseel Abed, Anwar Zabon

Engineering and Technology Journal

Simulation of metal forming processes using the Finite Element Method (FEM) is a well-established procedure, being nowadays possible to develop alternative approaches, such as inverse methodologies, in solving complex problems. This study investigated the effect of orientation and pre-tension on stresses distribution numerically by software ANSYS 19 using the finite element method. The pre-tension is 55% from total strained in each rolling direction. The results show that the orientation has a significant effect on stresses distribution and stress value before and after pre-tension 55%. Although there is a regular distribution of stresses in three direction, but there is significant difference …

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Fabrication Of Ni-Zro2 Nanocomposite Coating By Electroless Deposition Technique, Hiba Algailani, Adel Mahmoud, Hanna Al-Kaisy Aug 2026

Fabrication Of Ni-Zro2 Nanocomposite Coating By Electroless Deposition Technique, Hiba Algailani, Adel Mahmoud, Hanna Al-Kaisy

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work aims preparation of Ni-based nanocomposite coating by electroless deposition method onto stainless steel (316L) substrate, the present work will compare the effects of incorporation of ZrO2 nanoparticles at different percentages (1.25 wt %, 2.25 wt %, and 4.25 wt %) Ni-based electroless deposition coating of the bath nanocomposite on the phase structure, microhardness, and corrosion resistance is studied. Where the structure and chemical composition of nanocomposite coatings were studied by using (X-ray), (SEM) and (EDS). of Ni - ZrO2 nanocomposite coating exhibits much-increased microhardness and remarkably improved corrosion resistance

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Strut Confinement Of Simply Supports Deep Beam Using Strut Reinforcement, Eyad Sayhood, Khudayer Abdullah, Sarah Kazem Aug 2026

Strut Confinement Of Simply Supports Deep Beam Using Strut Reinforcement, Eyad Sayhood, Khudayer Abdullah, Sarah Kazem

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study investigates the effect of confining the Strut region of the deep beam by using Struts Reinforcement; which consists of four main bars enclosed by stirrups. Six specimens were tested for investigating the behavior of deep beams including; ultimate load, mid-span deflection, crack pattern, first shear and first flexure cracks, concrete surface strain and mode of failure. The specimens were tested under two symmetrical points load with and of 1 and compressive strength of 38 MPa. The main parameters were: first one the diameter of the main bars of Strut Reinforcement (8, 10, 12 mm) with constant spacing of …

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A Comparison Study On The Effect Of Various Layered Sandy Soil Deposited On Final Settlement Under Dynamic Loading, Hussein Karim, Zina Samuel, Mohammed Hussein Aug 2026

A Comparison Study On The Effect Of Various Layered Sandy Soil Deposited On Final Settlement Under Dynamic Loading, Hussein Karim, Zina Samuel, Mohammed Hussein

Engineering and Technology Journal

The foundation is expansion in base of column, wall or other structure in order to transmit the loads from the structure to under footing with a suitable pressure with soil property. There are two conditions to design foundation: 1. The stress is applied by footing on soil is not exceeded allowable bearing capacity ( ). 2. The foundation settlement and differential settlement are due to applied loads are not exceeding the allowable settlement that based on the type and size of structure, the nature of soil. Rigid square machine footing with dimension 200*200 mm with two types of relative density …

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Preparation Of Al2o3/Mgo Nano-Composite Particles For Bio-Applications, Hayder Sallal, Alla Abdul-Hameed, Farhad. Othman Aug 2026

Preparation Of Al2o3/Mgo Nano-Composite Particles For Bio-Applications, Hayder Sallal, Alla Abdul-Hameed, Farhad. Othman

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study describes the preparation and study of the properties of Nano composite particles prepared in a sol-gel method which consists of two materials (Αl2Ο3-MgΟ). The powder was evaluated by x-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM), particle size analysis, and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX) and antibacterial test. The evaluation results of the nanocomposite particles shows a good distribution of the chemical composition between aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide, smoothness in particles size where it reached to (54.9, 59.8) nm at calcination in (550 0C and 850 0C) respectively, formation of different shapes of nanoparticles and different phases …

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Experimental Investigation Of Combined Effect Of Particle Size And Stability Of Al2o3-H2o Nanofluid On Heat Transfer Augmentation Through Horizontal Pipe, Abdulhassan Karamallah, Hayder Abed Aug 2026

Experimental Investigation Of Combined Effect Of Particle Size And Stability Of Al2o3-H2o Nanofluid On Heat Transfer Augmentation Through Horizontal Pipe, Abdulhassan Karamallah, Hayder Abed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The stability of nanofluid plays a rule in heat transfer growth for different engineering systems. The stability and particle size of Al2O3-H2O nanofluid effects on heat transfer are studied experimentally. Two particle sizes (20 and 50 nm) with (0.1, 0.5 and 1%) concentrations were prepared and tested under constant heat flux (1404 W) with fully developed turbulent flow through a horizontal pipe. The results show an increase in Nusselt number by 20.7% and 17.6% with 1 vol.% concentration for 20 and 50 nm, respectively compared to distilled water. Examined nanofluid showed improvement in Nu number by (30.3 and 23.5) % …

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Effect Of Pre-Tension On The Springback Behavior Of The Yellow Brass, Anwar Zabon, Aseel Abed Aug 2026

Effect Of Pre-Tension On The Springback Behavior Of The Yellow Brass, Anwar Zabon, Aseel Abed

Engineering and Technology Journal

Springback forecasting of sheet formation is constantly remarkable problem in the métier, due to their influence the great in the definitive shape of the product. Study presents effects of pretension in tow rolling direction (0, 45 degree) on the springback behavior of the (Brass 65-35) sheet under V-die bending by an experimental. The pretension ranges from five different pretensions levels starting from 11% to 55% from total strain in each rolling direction by increment of 11%. used in punching that was performed at a constant deformation velocity of (5 mm/min) then bent on a 90° V-shaped die for the springback …

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Improve The Surface Characteristics Of The Electric Discharge Machining Employing A Method Burnishing Process, Shukry Aghdeab, Ahmed Abdulameer, Ahmed Abdulwahhab, Majid Ismiel Ismiel Aug 2026

Improve The Surface Characteristics Of The Electric Discharge Machining Employing A Method Burnishing Process, Shukry Aghdeab, Ahmed Abdulameer, Ahmed Abdulwahhab, Majid Ismiel Ismiel

Engineering and Technology Journal

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) applies the concept of material eradication by utilizing electric spark erosion. The target of this exploration concentrates to examine the ideal procedure parameters of EDM on Aluminum 6061-T6as a workpiece with copper as a tool electrode. The effect of various process operators 'on machining rendering was examined. Internal factors with current (10, 20, 30) Ampere, pulse on time (50, 100, 150) μs was used after which takes pulse off time (25, 50, 75) μs. All parameters applied for empirical acts with influence on Ra (surface roughness ). The result showed that MRR" Material Removal Rate” is …

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Experimental Investigation Of The Influence Of Adding Alumina To Diesel Fuel On The Engine Performance And Emission Characteristics, Sadiq Bunyan, Abed Al-Khadim Hassan Aug 2026

Experimental Investigation Of The Influence Of Adding Alumina To Diesel Fuel On The Engine Performance And Emission Characteristics, Sadiq Bunyan, Abed Al-Khadim Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present experimental work is conducted to examine the influence of adding Alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles to diesel fuel on the characteristic of the emissions and engine performance. The size of nanoparticles which have been added to diesel fuel to obtain nano-fuel is 20 nm. Three doses of Aluminum oxide were prepared (25, 50 and 100) ppm. The nanoparticles mixed with fuel by mechanical homogenous (manual electrical mixer) and ultrasonic processor. The study reveals that the adding of Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) to gas oil (Al2O3+DF) enhances the physical properties of fuel. Also, the adding of (Al2O3) reduce CO emissions by 20.5%, …

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Preparation And Characterization Of Polymer Blend And Nano Composite Materials Based On Pmma Used For Bone Tissue Regeneration, Sally Kadhum Alsaedi, Sihama Salih, Fadhil Hashim Aug 2026

Preparation And Characterization Of Polymer Blend And Nano Composite Materials Based On Pmma Used For Bone Tissue Regeneration, Sally Kadhum Alsaedi, Sihama Salih, Fadhil Hashim

Engineering and Technology Journal

As the elderly population increases, the need for bone loss treatments is increasing. Vital substances used in such treatments are required to continue for a longer period and work more effectively. The particularly important biological material is poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement, which is widely used in damaged bone replacement surgery. So, this study focused on the role of added some nanoparticles consist of zirconia (ZrO2), and magnesia (MgO) on the binary polymeric blend (Acrylic bone cement: 15% PMMA) for a bone scaffold. Where, ZrO2 and MgO nanoparticle was added with selected weight percentages (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and …

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Characterizations Of Synthetic 8mol% Ysz With Comparison To 3mol %Ysz For Ht-Sofc, Abeer Al-Attar, Saad Farid, Fadhil Hashim Aug 2026

Characterizations Of Synthetic 8mol% Ysz With Comparison To 3mol %Ysz For Ht-Sofc, Abeer Al-Attar, Saad Farid, Fadhil Hashim

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, Yttria (Y2O3) was successfully doped into tetragonal 3mol% yttria stabilized Zirconia (3YSZ) by high energy-mechanical milling to synthesize 8mol% yttria stabilized Zirconia (8YSZ) used as an electrolyte for high temperature solid oxide fuel cells (HT-SOFC). This work aims to evaluate the densification and ionic conductivity of the sintered electrolytes at 1650°C. The bulk density was measured according to ASTM C373-17. The powder morphology and the microstructure of the sintered electrolytes were analyzed via Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The chemical analysis was obtained with Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Also, X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to obtain …

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Synthesis And Characterization Of Complexes Of New Derivative Of Cyclopentaphenanthren-3-One With Manganese (Ii), Iron (Ii), Cobalt (Ii), Nickel (Ii), And Copper (Ii) Ions, Liblab Jassim Aug 2026

Synthesis And Characterization Of Complexes Of New Derivative Of Cyclopentaphenanthren-3-One With Manganese (Ii), Iron (Ii), Cobalt (Ii), Nickel (Ii), And Copper (Ii) Ions, Liblab Jassim

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work involves the chemical preparation from a series of metal Complexes having the general composition M(L)2(H2O)2, where M = [Mn+2, Fe+2, Co+2, Ni+2 and Cu+2].The ligand used was 9-fluoro-17-(1-hydrazono-2-hydroxyethyl)-11,17-dihydroxy-10,13,16-trimethyl-6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-3H-cyclopenta[α]phenanthren-3-one (FHDTCP), who was diagnosed by H-NMR spectra.These complexes have been prepared and characterized by the ligand to metal by molar conductance, spectral (UV-Visible and FT-IR), and atomic absorption studies. The IR spectral measurements forecast interference to oxygen, nitrogen in coordination from the electron pairs to the metal ion in the center. And suggested the complexes geometry be octahedral for all.

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Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer Disease Based On Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network Algorithm, Hanan Akkar, Suhad Qasim Haddad Aug 2026

Diagnosis Of Lung Cancer Disease Based On Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network Algorithm, Hanan Akkar, Suhad Qasim Haddad

Engineering and Technology Journal

Early stage detection of lung cancer is important for successful controlling of the diseases, also to offer additional chance to the patients in order to survive. So , algorithms that are related with computer vision and Image processing are extremely important for early medical diagnosis of lung cancer. In current work ( ) computed tomography scan images were collected from several patients Classification was done using Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network ( ).It is considered as a powerful artificially intelligent technique with training rule for optimization to update the weights of the overall connections in order to determine the abnormal …

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Structural Properties Of Fe Doped Tio2 Nanorods Prepared By Low Cost Hydrothermal Method, Sattar Hashim, Khaleel Hassoon, Odai Salman Aug 2026

Structural Properties Of Fe Doped Tio2 Nanorods Prepared By Low Cost Hydrothermal Method, Sattar Hashim, Khaleel Hassoon, Odai Salman

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, titanium dioxide films were deposited on fluorine tin oxide (FTO)-glass substrates using Hydrothermal method. A low-cost homemade autoclave was used to fabricate pure TiO2 and Fe-doped (0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7% and 1.5%) films. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the predominant phase is rutile (R-TiO2) with peaks at (101), (002) and (112). The Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) top and cross-sectional images indicated that the films have vertically aligned nanorods structures with parallelogram cross-sectional areas and aspect ratio range (9.2-15.3).

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Analysis And Design Of 460 Ghz Microwave Gyrotron Oscillator, Luma Abbas, Nedal Hussain Aug 2026

Analysis And Design Of 460 Ghz Microwave Gyrotron Oscillator, Luma Abbas, Nedal Hussain

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper is concerned with the analysis and design of a gyrotron oscillator with 460 GHz that can excite both modes (TE231) the fundamental (230GHz) and (TE061, TE261) second harmonic (near 460GHz). The oscillator is operated with 12KV beam voltage and 100mA beam current, and a computer program was developed to study the cavity in this oscillator and the wave-particle interaction inside it using the forward finite difference technique as a numerical method. The input data of the program are electron energy, velocity ratio, normalized cavity length, the normalized value of the external magnetic field, the mode number (m,n,l), and …

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Considerations On Spark- Gap Channel Radius And Electrical Conductivity, Bassam Habib Aug 2026

Considerations On Spark- Gap Channel Radius And Electrical Conductivity, Bassam Habib

Engineering and Technology Journal

A simple phenomenological model is established to determine the temporal evolution of spark gap channel radius and electrical conductivity during the resistive phase period. The present determination is based on the Braginskii’s equation for the channel radius which includes the electrical conductivity of the discharge channel as a constant quantity. In the present model, however, the electrical conductivity is regarded as a time varyingquantity. Basing on this, a mathematical formulation for the channel radius as a function of time was derived, and this has made possible the derivation of an explicit expression for the conductivity as a function of time …

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Study The Effect The Laser Intensity On The Behavior Of The Kinetic Energy, Drift Energy And The Total Energy Of The Silver Plasma, Esam Tawfiq Aug 2026

Study The Effect The Laser Intensity On The Behavior Of The Kinetic Energy, Drift Energy And The Total Energy Of The Silver Plasma, Esam Tawfiq

Engineering and Technology Journal

The particle-in-cell plasma simulation program in two dimensions was developed to display the properties of silver plasma under the effect of Ruby laser 694.3 nm with different intensities; 1012Wcm-2, 1015 Wcm-2, 1018 Wcm-2, and 1020 Wcm-2. The time evolution and the properties of total energy, kinetic energy, and drift energy of the system were examined in the region near the critical density (ne=0.2ncr). The charged particles respond to the laser pulse after a specified period of interaction time in the form of an increase in the energy of the system. This response depends on the intensity of the laser pulse …

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