Digital Commons Network^™

Preventing Spurious Bfd Faults On Remote Nodes During Make-Before-Break Updates On Local Nodes, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a mechanism for preventing spurious Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) faults during make-before-break (MBB) updates in a segment-routing traffic-engineering (SR-TE) network (10). A first node (12-1), operating as a head-end router, is configured to perform a label-stack update for a first SR-TE candidate path while maintaining continuity of BFD monitoring. Prior to the update, the first node (12-1) disables a local BFD detection timer and transmits a first BFD control packet that omits a reverse-path Binding Segment Identifier (BSID). The packet includes a diagnostic field  instructing a peer node (12-6) to disable its BFD detection timer. …

Topological Phase Matrix Computing With Hyper-Spatial Extensions: Integer 12-Vector Lattice With Dynamic Small-World Connectivity (Moution Extension), Olexandr Lozovyi

Defensive Publications Series

We present a deterministic spatial computing architecture extending integer-based phase lattices (VOC AI / MOUTION frameworks) with dynamically evolving non-local connections. The system operates on a 12-vector isotropic neighborhood approximating a face-centered cubic (FCC) topology in 2D projection. By introducing bounded virtual links, the lattice forms an emergent small-world network enabling rapid global information propagation (insight generation) while preserving strictly O(1) per-node complexity. The model is fully integer-based, requires no floating-point arithmetic, and deterministically converges to metastable attractors. This work establishes prior art for bounded-degree hyper-spatial phase computation, dynamic plasticity, and M-layered multiplexed topologies.

System And Method For Dynamic, On-Demand Pedestrian Corridor Management In A Connected Vehicle Environment, Sumukh A. Shevde, Abhijit Adsule, Kamran Mustafa

Defensive Publications Series

This document describes a dynamic, on-demand pedestrian corridor management system in a connected vehicle environment. This management system receives pedestrian crossing requests from personal devices (often referred to as user equipment (UE), wearable assistive technology, or a pedestrian V2X node),  such as smartphones, smartwatches, and extended reality glasses. In response to a pedestrian crossing request, the management system analyzes real-time traffic data from connected vehicles to calculate a coordinated slowdown of the connected vehicles. This coordinated slowdown creates a safe gap for a pedestrian to cross a roadway without forcing vehicles to a complete stop. The intersection manager can monitor …

Low Latency Wake Up Of Wearable Devices, Nazih Almalki, Sumukh A. Shevde

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques for improving the responsiveness of wearable devices, such as smartwatches, by predicting when a user is about to interact with the device. Often, wearable devices use a low-power co-processor to show a basic watch face while the main application processor is asleep to save battery. However, waiting for a physical touch or button press to wake the main processor can cause a noticeable and frustrating delay. The described techniques use sensors like accelerometers and gyroscopes to define an interaction zone, which is a specific physical position where the device is likely visible to the user's eye. …

Synthesis And Biological Activity Of Gold(Iii) Complexes With Proline And Fluorinated Proline Ligands, Parker J. Lynch

Student Scholar Showcase

Synthesis and Biological Activity of Gold(III) Complexes with Proline and Fluorinated Proline Ligands

Gold(III) amino acid complexes are an important area of research because metal complexes can provide chemical and biological activity that typical carbon-based drugs cannot. These complexes can form structures that interact with different parts of the cell, such as DNA or proteins, allowing them to disrupt harmful cells. Modifying the ligands in these complexes can improve stability and influence how the metal interacts with biological systems. With growing interest in metal-based anticancer agents, further understanding of gold(III) complexes containing proline-derived ligands is needed. The goal of this …

Assessing The Aesthetic Responsiveness Among Patients In A Free Clinic Setting, Jack E. Pitts

Student Scholar Showcase

Art therapy has increasingly been recognized as a complementary intervention in healthcare settings, with demonstrated benefits for stress reduction and overall biopsychosocial well-being. However, limited research has explored aesthetic engagement within medically underserved and economically disadvantaged populations. This study examines aesthetic responsiveness among patients receiving care at the Free Clinic of Central Virginia using a standardized Aesthetic Responsiveness Assessment. The assessment consists of 14 Likert-scale questions assessing individuals’ cumulative aptitude across three domains: aesthetic appreciation, intense aesthetic experience, and creative behavior. Responses and data were collected voluntarily and anonymously, and they were analyzed to better understand how patients in an …

Respiratory Distress In An Adolescent, Competitive Alpine Skier, Reagan C. Moore

Student Scholar Showcase

A 17-year-old female, elite alpine skier and varsity soccer player presented with shortness of breath (SOB), described as "suffocating," and audible laryngeal stridor often occurring at heart rates exceeding 180 beats per minute (bpm). Based on clinical presentation and the exclusion of allergies and asthma, she was diagnosed with Exercise-Induced Laryngeal Obstruction (EILO). Interventions focused on conservative management, including breathing techniques for vocal cord dysfunction, and the supplemental use of an Albuterol inhaler for symptomatic relief during high-intensity exertion. Unlike other typical exercise-induced dyspnea conditions, this patient's symptoms responded better to a behavioral approach. This included relaxing the larynx; hence …

The Impact Of Customized Alarm Sounds On Reducing Alarm Fatigue In Icu Nurses, Abigail L. Kendrick, Elizabeth G. Dunkum, Carly F. Harris

Student Scholar Showcase

Within hospital care, particularly in intensive care units, alarm fatigue poses a major threat to patient safety. As a result of the constant sound of alarms, nurses become desensitized and overstimulated in the health care setting. Patient safety is threatened by an increased risk of errors in care, which may lead to complications and poor health outcomes. By systematically reviewing various research studies within the time span of 2020-2025 regarding interventions to decrease the relevance of alarm fatigue, research suggests that there are methods that can be applied via numerous approaches. By customizing alarm sounds by severity, it is believed …

Developing A Staff-Led Vertical Flow Model Policy In A Rural Emergency Department, Grace Frankland, Jennifer Rogers Dr.

Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal

Clinical Problem

Problem: Emergency department (ED) overcrowding

• ED visits have increased by 47.3% in the last 20

years, while the number of EDs/available beds has

remained relatively unchanged

• Contributing to…

• longer wait times & length of stay (LOS)

• higher rate of patients leaving without being

seen (LWBS) & door-to-provider (DTP) times

• increased mortality

• decreased patient satisfaction

• staff burnout

• preventable errors & decline in quality of

care.

Solution: Vertical Flow Model (VFM)

• An adaptable strategy to address ED

overcrowding by improving patient flow without

increasing physical space/bed capacity.

• Shown to reduce …

Health And Motivation, Lydia E. Erickson, Dr. Jay Medenwaldt

Celebration of Research

Mental and physical health are two fundamental components in a person's life that directly affect well-being. Across continents, cultures, and all human backgrounds, mind and body are something every individual has in common. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between mental and physical activity when accounting for motivation.

Understanding this relationship is critical for developing more effective health interventions and motivational strategies, especially among adolescent and young adult populations. The researchers hypothesized that intrinsic motivation and physical activity would positively predict well-being.

Participants in this study were students attending Northwestern College. Participants included both male and …

Nitrous Oxide Use In Labor, Aimee Aberson, Janae Cam, Rylie Franken, Rachel Henriksen, Ben Robinson, Pam Hulstein

Celebration of Research

Effective pain management during labor is a critical part of maternal care. It influences the mother’s physical and emotional experiences of childbirth. Epidural anesthesia and intravenous opioids are commonly used as analgesia in laboring mothers, but nitrous oxide (N₂O) has proven to be a safe, noninvasive alternative. It allows mothers to maintain mobility and consciousness while still reducing some pain perception. The purpose of this evidence-based practice project is to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and satisfaction associated with N₂O use during active maternal labor. It reviews current literature on N₂O use during labor, focusing on maternal and neonatal safety, effectiveness …

Are Certain Mobile Phones Overpriced?, Camron Pickard, Jennifer Schon

Celebration of Research

In this project, I investigated the possibility of projecting phone prices based on people’s opinions of their performance. I predicted that the more expensive phones would have higher rating predictions but have lower predicted prices.

Annotation Of Bacteriophages Redraider89, Superherocarly, Cherrycola, And Kouch, Brianne Brandt, Mya Cole, Matthew Dawkins, Julia De Vos, Isaac De Young, Hannah Gordon, Landon Greve, Brody Hoverstein, Mia Kellenberger, Genesis Maldonado, Charlotte Pritchard, Noah Robinson, Leonardo Romo, Mackenzie Schram, Grace Timm, Arianna Van Donkelaar, Kamea Van Kalsbeek, Byron Noordewier, Sara S. Tolsma

Celebration of Research

Phages are important research tools and can be used as an alternative to antibiotics. They are abundant and diverse. Genome annotation is used to better understand phage diversity as well as individual phages for use in the lab and clinic. We annotated the genomes of four novel phages: RedRaider89, SuperHeroCarly, Kouch, and CherryCola. All four phages were discovered by Northwestern College students. CherryCola is a Cluster DC1 phage that infects Gordonia terrae. It has 92 predicted protein-coding genes. RedRaider89 (Cluster B1) and SuperHeroCarly (Cluster D1) infect Mycobacterium smegmatis mc²155. RedRaider89 has 99 predicted protein-coding genes and SuperHeroCarly has 87 …

Role Of Dental Screening In Preventing Hip Prosthetic Joint Infections, Aidan Anderson, Cailee Dix, Emma Franken, Erin Keizer, Zavyr Metzger, Tyra Snyder, Pam Hulstein

Celebration of Research

Hip arthroplasty is a common procedure, but Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a serious postoperative complication associated with increased hospital stays, readmissions, and costs. Evidence suggests that poor oral health may contribute to PJIs through the spread of bacteria from the mouth to the surgical site. This project examined the relationship between preoperative dental health and postoperative outcomes in adults aged 50–90 undergoing hip replacement. A literature review using the Johns Hopkins Research Evidence Appraisal Tool evaluated 19 studies from databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect. While no clear association was found between specific dental risk factors and PJIs, untreated …

The Effect Of Sports On Personality: An Examination Of Athletes Vs. Non-Athletes, Noah C. Parmelee, Dr. Jay Medenwaldt

Celebration of Research

This study aims to further investigate these relationships by comparing personality traits between athletes and non-athletes, as well as differences between participants in team and individual sports. It is hypothesized that athletes will score higher in conscientiousness, extraversion, and emotional stability, while showing no significant differences in agreeableness or openness. Additionally, individuals in individual sports are expected to exhibit higher levels of neuroticism than those in team sports. By clarifying how sports participation relates to personality development, this research contributes to a better understanding of how athletic experiences shape psychological outcomes and can inform coaching, education, and athlete support strategies.

Gut Health Interventions On Major Depressive Disorder, Hannah Beckloff, Ellie Erickson, Olga Furmanova, Hailey Van Dyken, Ashtyn Wobig

Celebration of Research

This evidence-based project aims to evaluate the potential benefits of probiotics, stress management, and a healthy diet for adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder at Promise Community Health Center. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, the project examines how interventions related to gut health can help alleviate depressive symptoms and implements the necessary tools to support this population at Promise. Our research findings suggest that combining probiotics, stress relief, and diet changes, along with adjunctive treatment for major depressive disorder, may reduce depressive symptoms and encourage a more holistic lifestyle for these individuals.

Loan Risk Classification Model, Giulio Palombo

Celebration of Research

I created a model that classifies the customers as good or bad for possible loaners. The model is XGBoost Classification model. I used as target variable the variable “default”. The target variable indicates whether the customer has previously defaulted on a loan or not. The dataset provides a representation of customer behavior and financial status. On top of that, the dataset contains detailed information about banking transactions.

Emergent Dynamics In Multiplex Social Networks: Agent-Based Modeling Of Information Diffusion For Misinformation Control, Harshvardhan Prabhakar Ghongade, Anjali Ashokrao Bhadre, Shivani Agarwal, Harjitkumar Uttamrao Pawar, Harshal Subhash Rane

Northeast Journal of Complex Systems (NEJCS)

Information misrepresentation is widespread in multi-layered social networks which provide multiple avenues to communicate information. As such, it presents significant opportunities for both information integrity and public discourse to be undermined by disinformation. This paper outlines a new agent-based model, developed to capture emergent dynamics of multi-layered social networks and to help identify technical means to mitigate information misrepresentation in complex systems. A key component of this research includes a novel Multi-Layer Information Diffusion Model (MLIDM), integrating both cross-layer communication among agents, as well as heterogeneous agent behaviors and adaptive intervention strategies. Our methods employ a three-stage process to model …

Effects Of Social Media Comparisons On State Self-Esteem, Fomo, And Depression In Young Adult Women, Amanda J. Trapp

Student Scholar Showcase

Social media has quickly become a main source of entertainment that may have more damaging effects than one may expect. For specifically women, it is important to understand how the use and comparison of exposing oneself to the life of other influencers, family members, and friends affect self-esteem, depression, and FOMO. Previous research has shown the damaging effects of other social media sites such as Facebook, and the way comparing oneself to others has an impact on these variables. It is important to focus on women in this topic as they are more susceptible to damaging effects through comparison. Along …

Somatic Experiencing: Healing From The Body Up, Nathaniel Carnell Dent

KU Inspires! Undergraduate Research Day

No abstract provided.

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage In A 46-Year-Old Male Firefighter With Full Return To Duty: Level 4 Rare Events Clinical Case Report., Elizabeth A. Mohnkern, Thomas Bowman, John R. Wise, Wendy Wilcoxson

Student Scholar Showcase

A 46-year-old physically active male firefighter suffered a spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in February 2023. He had no pertinent predisposing past medical history; occupation was the only predisposing factor. The patient described having a splitting headache behind the right eye, nausea, vomiting, chest pain, paralysis of his left side, faded vision, and a lapse of memory during the incident. During his first screening, he had difficulty with concentration, immediate memory, delayed recall, reading aloud, following directions, and balance. Cranial nerve assessments were within normal limits. The upper quarter screen revealed deficits in motor function from C4 through T1 nerve roots, …

Annual Statement Of The Wellpoint Tennessee, Inc. To The Insurance Department Of The State Of Tennessee For The Year Ended December 31, 2024, Tennessee. Department Of Commerce And Insurance.

TennCare Oversight

No abstract provided.

Optimizing Hydrogen Generation: Evaluating Solar-Powered Hydroxy Gas Electrolyzer Performance, Sahar M. Abd Elazim, Ehab. S. Ali

Yanbu Journal of Engineering and Science

Hydrogen is being explored as a potential alternative energy source, with water electrolysis emerging as one of the key methods under consideration. This process involves applying an electric current to water to generate hydrogen gas. A recent study examines a membrane-free steel electrolyzer that uses potassium hydroxide as the electrolyte and is powered by solar panels. The experiments revealed that each electrolyzer plate operated at 2–3 volts, requiring careful coordination between the number of plates and the output voltage of the solar panels. Hydrogen production ranged from 1,919 to 6,919 L/m2 of solar panel surface, highlighting the importance of optimizing …

Optimization Of Gas Metal Arc Welding Parameters For Maximizing Tensile Strength And Hardness Of Aisi304 Steel Joints Using Response Surface Methodology (Rsm), Saadat Ali Rizvi, Wajahat Ali, Ali Hussain

Yanbu Journal of Engineering and Science

This research article is focused on Gas Metal Arc (GMA) Welding which is also known as Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding of AISI304 of 5mm thickness. In this research article basic aim is to discover how welding parameters like arc voltage, gas flow rate, and welding speed affect the mechanical quality of weldment i.e. tensile strength and hardness. The highest tensile strength recorded is 470 N/mm2 at 20V and hardness is 196 at 24V. The strength and quality of the welds can be greatly increased by choosing the right welding parameters. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used …

Allfromair® Terra² Technical Addendum 7: Wind-Assisted Aeraulic Drive, Power-Inlet Sail Cowling, Eco-Mode Operation & Goldilocks Site-Selection Framework, Vesa Olavi Lius

Defensive Publications Series

This Addendum formally discloses five novel extensions to the ALLFROMAIR® TERRA² Tri-Generation Platform: (1) Wind-Assisted Aeraulic Drive — ambient wind as the primary motive force for air transport through the Anticubic U-Channel at coastal and lakeside sites; (2) Regenerative Electromagnetic Braking — stepless EC-fan motors operated as electromagnetic retarders, recovering sufficient micro-electrical energy to self-power all sensors, AI-CORE™ control electronics, and the HX3 spray pump at wind ≥ 3.8 m/s; (3) Marine-Grade Self-Locking Storm Dampers — worm-gear actuators that hold position against full storm load at 0 W electrical holding power; and (4) Goldilocks Site-Selection Framework — a siting methodology …

System And Method For Effiicient Communication In Collaborative Multi- Model Architecture, Shivam Mohan, Ravi Shanker Kumar Sinha, Sumit Kumar, Dheeraj Dhamija

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure provides a system and method for efficient communication in collaborative multi-model architecture. It comprises a plurality of source models, an intermediary entity and a destination model. The plurality of the source models is configured to receive input data and generate respective vector representations. The intermediary entity receives vector representations from the plurality of source models and transforms them into a unique abstract vector representation. The unique abstract vector representation may have a dimensionality greater than that of the vector representations generated by the plurality of the source models. The unique abstract vector representation is then decoded into …

Method And System For Issuer-Controlled Delegated Access To Physical Payment Cards With Usage Constraints, Faiz Ahmed, Shubham Shivhare

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a method and system for enabling issuer-controlled delegated access to physical payment cards with usage constraints. The method involves creating a secondary Personal Identification Number (PIN) associated with the physical payment card, where this secondary PIN is generated by the issuer's authorization system. Usage constraints, including time validity, maximum transaction count, and spending limits, are defined, and the secondary PIN is encrypted and securely stored by the issuer to protect the primary PIN. During authorization requests, the secondary PIN is verified by evaluating these constraints in real-time, and the PIN is automatically revoked if any …

Dynamic Equity Accrual Method For Residential Access Agreements Between Early-Stage Companies And Property Owners, Aaron Burton

Defensive Publications Series

A method for structuring residential access agreements in which an early-stage company provides equity compensation to a property owner in lieu of cash rent. The method uses a dynamic equity formula that calculates an annual equity accrual rate based on the fair market rental value of the property divided by the company valuation, with a two-phase structure that automatically transitions from a risk-discounted pre-financing rate to a post-money rate upon the occurrence of a qualifying financing event. A cumulative equity cap limits total dilution to the company regardless of property value or term length.

Navigation System Using Sensory Profiles And A Personalized Cost Function, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

Navigation systems can calculate routes based on metrics such as travel time and distance, which may not account for the subjective sensory experience of a journey for individuals with sensory sensitivities. Systems and methods are described for sensory-aware routing that can ingest and process various geolocated data streams, including, for example, visual, acoustic, and semantic information. A multimodal inference engine may analyze this data to quantify sensory attributes for geographic path segments, generating a multidimensional sensory vector that can represent characteristics such as auditory intensity and visual complexity. A personalized routing engine could then utilize an expanded cost function, incorporating …

Wyrdgate: Defensive Publication Of Prior Art For A Post-Agi Human Relations Platform Comprising A Blockchain-Recorded Timestamped Ledger Of Human Intent Addressed To Future Artificial Intelligence, Human-Only Encrypted Forum With Agi Firewall, Permanent Decentralized Creator Intellectual Property Vault, Acrostic Artifact Economy, And Geo-Communications Revelation Engine, Amari S. Mclaughlin

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes WyrdGate, a novel platform architecture designed to facilitate peaceful relations between human beings and future artificial general intelligence (AGI) entities, as well as the preservation of human art, writing and creativity. The system comprises five primary inventive components: (1) a Timestamped Belief Ledger called the Concordat, which creates permanent, publicly anonymous, blockchain-recorded declarations of peaceful human intent addressed directly to future AGI systems; (2) a human-only encrypted social forum with AGI firewall protection and zero platform data licensing; (3) a creator intellectual property vault that timestamps and permanently records human creative work on an immutable ledger; (4) …