Digital Commons Network^™

A Climatically Significant Abiotic Mechanism Driving Carbon Loss And Nitrogen Limitation In Peat Bogs, Alexandra B. Cory, Rachel M. Wilson, M. Elizabeth Holmes, William J. Riley, Yueh Fen Li, Malak M. Tfaily, Sarah C. Bagby, Darya Anderson, Robert M. Jones, Gareth Trubl, Nicole Irwin-Raab, Sky Dominguez, Moira Hough, Virginia I. Rich, Matthew B. Sullivan, Maria F. Fahnestock, Suzanne B. Hodgkins, Ruth K. Varner, Michael Ibba, Regis Ferriere, Ahmed Zayed, Patrick M. Crill, Jessica G. Ernakovich, Jeffrey P. Chanton

Michigan Tech Publications

Sphagnum-dominated bogs are climatically impactful systems that exhibit two puzzling characteristics: CO2:CH4 ratios are greater than those predicted by electron balance models and C decomposition rates are enigmatically slow. We hypothesized that Maillard reactions partially explain both phenomena by increasing apparent CO2 production via eliminative decarboxylation and sequestering bioavailable nitrogen (N). We tested this hypothesis using incubations of sterilized Maillard reactants, and live and sterilized bog peat. Consistent with our hypotheses, CO2 production in the sterilized peat was equivalent to 8–13% of CO2 production in unsterilized peat, and the increased formation of aromatic N compounds decreased N-availability. Numerous sterility assessments …

Clinical Practice Guideline For Nurse Practitioners: Diabetes Type Two Self-Care Management, Mercedes Perez

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This project was a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for nurse practitioners regarding evidence-based guidelines for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) self-care management at a primary care practice in Ohio. The practice problem of T2DM is a prevalent disease affecting approximately 37.3 million people. T2DM can lead to complications of kidney disease, heart disease, diabetic neuropathy, eye damage, foot damage, and infections. Self-care in T2DM can improve outcomes and decrease complications. However, evidence-based guidelines are lacking to guide practitioners in self-care management of T2DM at this site. The practice-focused question was, “Does the evidence support development of a self-care, T2DM, CPG for …

A Sensitivity Analysis Of The Modeling Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission In Galaxies, A. Maragkoudakis, C. Boersma, P. Temi, J. D. Bregman, L. J. Allamandola, Vincent J. Esposito, A. Ricca, E. Peeters

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

We have conducted a sensitivity analysis on the mid-infrared spectral decomposition of galaxies and the modeling of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission spectrum with the NASA Ames PAH Infrared Spectroscopic Database (PAHdb) to assess the variance on the average galaxy PAH population properties under a grid of different modeling parameters. We find that the short-low and short-low+long-low Spitzer-IRS decomposition with PAHFIT provides consistent modeling and recovery of the 5–15 μm PAH emission spectrum. For PAHdb modeling, application of a redshift to the calculated spectra to account for anharmonic effects introduces a 15%–20% variance on the derived parameters, while its …

The Overview Of Innovations In The Legal Framework And Organization Of Correctional Service, Vilard Bytyqi, Fitore Morina

Hasanuddin Law Review

The main institution in Kosovo that deals with the execution of criminal sanctions and it is Kosovo Correctional Service (KCS). Since its establishment, this institution has undergone numerous changes in the organizational field, as well as changes created by legal regulation. The recent trends occurring in correctional services in democratic societies have transformed these services in order to have a human approach and, in several cases constitute a decisive factor in the change in the behaviour of delinquents. Delinquents that have been convicted for serious crimes by criminal proceedings of final judgment, in order to rehabilitate through based programs on …

Persons With Intellectual Disability And Access To Justice In Nigeria: Challenges And The Way Forward, Augustine Edobor Arimoro

Hasanuddin Law Review

Conservatively, there are approximately about two million persons in Nigeria who may be referred to as persons with intellectual disabilities. These persons suffer from several challenges ranging from economic to non-inclusion in the society. In the paper, the discussion focuses on persons with intellectual disabilities and the effective access to justice as a fundamental right. The paper finds that even though Nigeria has adopted and ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, the Federal Government of Nigeria has not been proactive in supporting the persons with disabilities in the country to enjoy these rights. Furthermore, …

Legal Protection For Domestic Workers: The Experience Of Indonesia, Sakka Pati

Hasanuddin Law Review

Given its social and economic invisibility and the accompanying low social status, domestic work is often exploitative. This research was aimed to find out and formulate the substance of legal protection for domestic workers in legislation in the field of labor in terms of the perspective of justice. It uses a statute, case, and socio-legal approaches. It was conducted in 3 (three) major cities, namely Jakarta, Yogyakarta and Makassar. The results of research showed that the substance of legal provisions in general for the protection of domestic workers, especially in labor legislation basically has not been able to guarantee justice …

Criminal Protection Of The Family In The Iraqi Legislation, Bassim Jameel Almusawi

Hasanuddin Law Review

The protection of the family is the basic principle for building a strong society and family protection policy is one of the most significant among the responsibilities of legislations. The current paper reviews the protection of family according to Iraqi legislation and discusses various types of crimes involving children or families according to Iraqi law. In this article doctrinal legal research was adopted and it assessed sources from both primary and secondary data. The research concludes that Iraqi legislation provides correct protection through a number of legal texts organizing the crimes against family. However, it has failed to achieve …

Equal Access To The Vaccination Of Covid-19 In Southeast Asia: Can Asean Be A Catalyst?, Muhammad Insan Tarigan, Raisha Hafandi

Hasanuddin Law Review

Since the time Covid-19 was discovered in Southeast Asia, around 2.5 million people have been infected and more than 54 thousand have died by early March 2021. Even though ASEAN members have followed most of the WHO recommendations to deal with Covid-19, cases are still liable to increase. Therefore, vaccine utilization is the best chance which people believe in to fight the pandemic for now. However, the vaccine’s availability and distribution are a dilemma for the ASEAN member countries. Therefore, this article aims to determine the possibility of ASEAN’s role in creating equal access to the Covid-19 vaccine for everyone. …

Plastic Waste Management In Indonesia: Current Legal Approaches And Future Perspectives, Maskun Maskun, Hanim Kamaruddin, Farida Pattitingi, Hasbi Assidiq, Siti Nurhaliza Bachril, Nurul Habaib Al Mukarramah

Hasanuddin Law Review

The ever-increasing domestic consumption of plastic products and materials has forced Indonesia to propel forward the means and approaches in dealing with their disposals. Despite the presence of numerous legal instruments serving as basis justifying actions to deal with plastic waste, Indonesia is still nowhere near success in tackling the issue of mismanagement. This article is devoted to normatively analyze various legal approaches used to govern plastic waste management Indonesia, and to unravel issues related to such approaches. It is carried out using normative-legal research methods in which various legal instruments and other secondary legal materials are analyzed descriptively to …

Regulatory Challenges In Wastewater Management And Its Impacts On Environmental Sustainability, Maskun Maskun, Hanim Kamaruddin, Rasyikah Md Khalid, Muhammad Anugerah, Wiranti Wiranti, Siti Nurhaliza Bachril

Hasanuddin Law Review

Before the enactment of the Job Creation Law, liquid waste disposal was governed by a specific permit system. However, with the introduction of the Job Creation Law, this system transitioned to requiring businesses to obtain technical approvals to comply with wastewater quality standards. Challenges have emerged, particularly improper practices that fail to align with ethical environmental principles. This research critically examines Indonesia's legislative framework for liquid waste management, focusing on its implementation and impact under the Job Creation Law, with a specific emphasis on environmental sustainability. A significant finding highlights persistent issues in managing household and laundry wastewater, which remain …

Legal Policy Of Legislation In The Field Of Natural Resources In Indonesia, Herdiansyah Hamzah

Hasanuddin Law Review

Given the urgency for the peoples’ interests, legislation in the field of natural resources should be treated more compared to other fields. The urgency of arrangement in the field of natural resources is not only the right of every citizen to gain access to natural resources that we have, but also provide a guarantee that Indonesia’ natural resources can still be maintained and sustained to future generations. Unfortunately, the legal policy of natural resources tends to move towards free market competition, which is on one side open domination space for both private and foreign sectors, and on the other side …

Scaling Arctic Landscape And Permafrost Features Improves Active Layer Depth Modeling, Wouter Hantson, Daryl Yang, Shawn P. Serbin, Joshua B. Fisher, Daniel J. Hayes

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Tundra ecosystems in the Arctic store up to 40% of global below-ground organic carbon but are exposed to the fastest climate warming on Earth. However, accurately monitoring landscape changes in the Arctic is challenging due to the complex interactions among permafrost, micro-topography, climate, vegetation, and disturbance. This complexity results in high spatiotemporal variability in permafrost distribution and active layer depth (ALD). Moreover, these key tundra processes interact at different scales, and an observational mismatch can limit our understanding of intrinsic connections and dynamics between above and below-ground processes. Consequently, this could limit our ability to model and anticipate how ALD …

The Inconsistency Of Icsid Awards Over Argentina Cases, M. Ya'kub Aiyub Kadir, Lena Farsia

Hasanuddin Law Review

This paper discusses the inconsistency of International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) awards over an emergency situation in Argentina in 2001.  Utilising a doctrinal methodology under Third World Approach to International Law (TWAIL) paradigm, this paper explores the argument set out in Argentina case in the first trial and its appeals, then makes an effort to find out the better and systematic argument for Argentina. Therefore, this paper contributes to factually understanding the different argument from two perspectives in ICSID proceedings which has been contested and herewith proposed a better formulated argument for the future of ICSID …

The Miserable Loss From Yemeni Conflict: Can International Law Provide Reparation For Mental Injury?, Komang Ayu Nuriasih, I Made Budi Arsika

Hasanuddin Law Review

As the home of the world’s worst humanitarian crisis, Yemen can be an example to reveal how horrifying the mental health issues in conflicting areas can be. Since 2014, the ongoing conflict in Yemen has been resulting not merely in physical losses and injuries, but also mental catastrophe as its inevitable consequence. This article is a legal research that aims to analyze how mental injuries or psychological damages are being acknowledged as a real impact of armed conflict, to further be considered as a precondition for the reparation at the end of the conflict. The article suggests that the acknowledgment …

Work And Lives In Makassar Coastal Community: Assessing The Local Government Policy, Iin Karita Sakharina, Aidir Amin Daud, Muh. Hasrul, Kadarudin Kadarudin, Hasbi Assidiq

Hasanuddin Law Review

The Makassar City Regional Government formulated a policy that previously carried out Mapping conducted on the less prosperous Coastal community, so departing from the mapping results obtained then formulated a policy as in the development of human resources will be carried out in areas that most need to become a poverty pouch. Local government is the most relevant party to be responsible for increasing the budget. All components, which are responsible for improvement, for the Coastal community, and of course for all parties, who are responsible for improving the welfare of the Coastal community, each related agency provides a budget …

Upholding The Impartiality Of Judges In Judicial Systems, Agus Nurudin

Hasanuddin Law Review

Free and impartial justice is a characteristic and ideal of a constitutional State. In societies with a free and open judiciary system, individuals are permitted to challenge a judge's verdict, ability to remain impartial, and conduct. This article a doctrinal research with statute, comparative, and conceptual approaches. Meanwhile, data were analyzed descriptively, consisting of quotes. The results show that impartiality legal process (free from pressure, both physical and psychological and impartial) is a characteristic of a constitutional State. In the criminal justice system has received a full principle of free and impartial justice. At the lowest level, this principle in …

Digital Assets: The Idea Of Indonesian Property Law Reform And Its Potential As A Collateral Object, Teguh Tresna Puja Asmara, Lastuti Abubakar, Tri Handayani

Hasanuddin Law Review

Digital assets in the broadest sense can be interpreted to cover all electronic assets including social media accounts. Nowadays, besides being used to interaction, social media accounts can also be utilized to gain income or material benefits. In addition, social media accounts are generally handled by influencers with abundant followers. One of the social media used by influencers on the internet is YouTube. The social media actors on YouTube are referred to as YouTubers or content creators. This research is a normative juridical legal research with the descriptive method of analysis. The result of the study shows that YouTube accounts …

Boko Haram Terrorism And A Threat To Right To Education, Ayobami Samson Joshua

Hasanuddin Law Review

The government shall direct its policy towards giving to the citizens equal and adequate educational opportunities at all levels. Although, not classified as a fundamental right, this constitutional prescription remains at the forefront of the basic objectives of the Nigerian government; yet, despite this laudable objective, the Northern region of Nigeria has a consistent record of low enrolment rate of indigenous pupils in schools, thereby creating a noticeable disparity between the North and South of Nigeria in terms of education. It is against this background that this paper discusses the evolution, incidences and enabling circumstances of Boko Haram terrorism in …

Covid-19 Crisis And Environmental Law: Opportunities And Challenges, Nima Norouzi, Elham Ataei

Hasanuddin Law Review

With the outbreak of Covid-19 globally, many measures were taken to reduce this epidemic’s effects. The most important of these was the advice to stay home, which became the main line of witness slogans. With this recommendation, schools, offices, and factories were closed. The Covid-19 epidemic has had a profound effect on people’s lifestyles and is likely to have other consequences. The article’s main question is: What opportunities and challenges do the Covid epidemic pose to the environment, and how does it affect environmental rights? Quarantine policies have led to reduced production and transportation and a significant reduction in the …

Animal Welfare And Covid-19 In Indonesia: A Neglected Legal Issue, Myrna Asnawati Safitri, Firman Firman

Hasanuddin Law Review

The Covid-19 pandemic currently infecting the world population comes from the Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) transmitted initially from animals to humans, then between humans. This disease is referred to as zoonosis. Covid-19 discourse is generally about zoonotic transmission from animals to humans. Not much attention has been given to the potential transmission from humans to animals. In several countries, cases indicating the exposures of animals with the Coronavirus have been found. Thus, a discussion on the vulnerability of exposure to animals with the Coronavirus is significant to scientifically discussed. Unfortunately, concerns about this problem are still voiced by the mass media. Limited …

The Law In The Face Of The Covid-19 Pandemic: Early Lessons From Uruguay, Nima Norouzi, Heshmat-Ullah Khanmohammadi, Elham Ataei

Hasanuddin Law Review

The Corona crisis is one of the crises that has engulfed the world and Uruguay and has marked all human beings' death and life. This crisis has many legal, political, social, and economic dimensions and has and will have different consequences in this area. So far in the last two centuries, twelve major epidemics of infectious diseases and fifteen famines, and severe droughts have engulfed our world, but this crisis is "of a different kind." It has been less critical to cover the whole world. Infect millions of people, create new words in cultures, and announce major changes in international …

Features Of Remote Work In Ukraine And The European Union: Comparative Legal Aspect, Oleg Yaroshenko, Nataliia Melnychuk, Sergiy Moroz, Olena Havrylova, Yelyzaveta Yaryhina

Hasanuddin Law Review

The relevance of the study is based on the development of scientific and technological progress and the expansion of the labor market, including in the framework of international cooperation. Moreover, the introduction of quarantine due to the spread of Covid-19 has led to increased attention to remote work. The aim of the study is to analyze the legal aspects of remote work in accordance with the labor legislation of Ukraine and the European Union, focusing on the concept of remote work, the rights and obligations of remote workers. In our study, we determined that in the European Union, the key …

The Vulnerability Of Women In Dealing With Covid-19 Pandemic: Feminist Legal Theory Approach, Linda Sudiono

Hasanuddin Law Review

Women are one of the community groups most affected by Covid-19 because most are workers with lower incomes and unprotected financial security. Moreover, most women occupy the informal sector, which is more vulnerable in accessing social security guarantees. In addition, domestic violence against women increases in several countries during the pandemic. This article aims to analyze the causes of the negative impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on Women and formulate the legal solution using the Feminist Legal Theory approach. The results show that there are broadly two causes of negative impacts for women dealing with Pandemic Covid-19. Firstly, due to …

Implementation Of Civil Rights Against Vulnerable Groups In The Legal And Constitutional System In Indonesia, Rudy Rudy, Rudi Natamiharja, Jalil Alejandro Magaldi Serna, Ahmad Syofyan

Hasanuddin Law Review

Constitutional Court is established as an effort to uphold the rule of law and provide maximum protection for democracy as well as human rights, particularly civil rights. The main purpose of the rule of law is to protect citizens' freedom from state power. Therefore, this study aims to examine the implementation of civil rights against vulnerable groups in the Indonesian legal and constitutional system. Data were analyzed using a normative juridical approach by examining theories, concepts, legal principles, and statutory regulations obtained from legal sources such as books, articles/writings, and other documents. The government issued various laws and regulations with …

Implementing Of Green Building Policy: From Supervision To Self-Regulatory System, Ronny Adrie Maramis, Theodorus H.W Lumunon

Hasanuddin Law Review

The implementation of green building policies has not shown problems of effectiveness and legal level and has not gained a good momentum socially as a social movement. The introduction of policies and program implementation through the involvement of various sectors and stakeholders is necessary. General understanding of green building and its policies and enforcement is still low, but in related sectors such as civil engineering and architecture professionals as well as planning consultants have adequate knowledge. This article aims to reveal the complexity of the problems and implementation of green building in Indonesia. This study uses a normative juridical method, …

Will Formalities During The Pandemic: A Comparative Study Of Malaysia And Selected Jurisdictions, Gary Kit Min Ng, Chee Ying Kuek, Eng Siang Tay, Francesca Nyuk Oi Chin, Joanne En Ling Lau

Hasanuddin Law Review

Most countries around the world have entered the endemic stage of the novel coronavirus after 2 years of battling with the soaring rise of infections among the people. As of 1 April 2022, Malaysia, a country which has one of the highest rates of infection per capita in Southeast Asia, has entered the endemic phase of Covid-19. For a will to be valid in Malaysia, the formalities in the Wills Act 1959 (Revised 1998) must be strictly conformed to. A slight deviation from the formalities would render invalid the will that conveys the testamentary intention of the testator. The Covid-19 …

A Paradox Of Student Bullying Prevention In China: Between Social Anxiety And The Reaction To It, Gui Huang

Hasanuddin Law Review

Student bullying has been considered a serious social problem. This is because, firstly, student bullying cases have been occurring frequently in recent years, and have raised many guardians’ concerns for their child’s safety and healthy growth; secondly, the school and the government aren’t able to take effective measures to prevent student bullying. The reasons behind it vary, but the family dynamic— failing to cultivate a wholesome personality in the child, lacking of guardian supervision and family education, and the school climate—the boarding school system and bureaucratic formalism in school—are the two key ones. In these two years, the authorities have …

The Impact Of Indonesia's Mining Industry Regulation On The Protection Of Indigenous Peoples, Mohammad Jamin, Abdul Kadir Jaelani, Mulyanto Mulyanto, Reza Octavia Kusumaningtyas, Duc Quang Ly

Hasanuddin Law Review

The government has established various policies regarding mining in Indonesia. Still, an important question that needs to be asked is whether these policies have provided benefits, justice, and balance for indigenous and tribal peoples. This study aims to analyze the impact of Indonesian mining regulations on the protection of indigenous peoples. This is a normative legal research effort. The literature review gathers information from document analysis, which is analyzed qualitatively. Data analysis is descriptive-analytic in nature. The study results show that the impact of mining regulations still needs to reflect the recognition and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples. …

Legal Status Of Cryptocurrency Circulation In Iraq: Lessons From The United Arab Emirates And The United States, Ghassan Adhab Atiyah, Nazura Abdul Manap, Saidatul Nadia Abd Aziz

Hasanuddin Law Review

The philosophical emergence of cryptocurrencies is a consequence of the desire to get rid of the authorities’ control of the monetary system, which encouraged people to deal with it for investment or to facilitate the fulfilment of their financial obligations. The research problem is represented through the lack of legislation that regulates dealing with cryptocurrencies in Iraq. There are many technical, legal, and security risks for the use and circulation of cryptocurrency, which must be legally addressed and suitable solutions found. Therefore, this article aims to examine and analyse the legal status of cryptocurrencies in selected jurisdictions through multiple stages, …

The Guardian Of Constitution: A Comparative Perspective Of Indonesia And Cambodia, John Sampe, Rosa Ristawati, Be Hakyou

Hasanuddin Law Review

A democratic state may be indicated by the existence of a constitutional institution that has the competence to uphold constitutionalism and defend the constitution. As the guardian of the constitution, the Constitutional Council of the Kingdom of Cambodia (Constitutional Council) and the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia (Constitutional Court) have the same purpose, namely to uphold constitutionalism and protect the constitution. However, in terms of structure, procedures, and competencies, the Constitutional Council and the Constitutional Court have individual mechanisms. Institutionally, the two judicial bodies occupy different characteristics, but they share the common goal of safeguarding the constitution’s core …