Digital Commons Network^™

Formulation And Evaluation Of Liposomal Transdermal Patch For Targeted Drug Delivery Of Tamoxifen Citrate For Breast Cancer, Anjana Ashok Adhyapak, Babasaheb Gangadhar Desai

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

In the present investigation, tamoxifen-loaded liposomes transdermal patch was formulated using eudragit-RL, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K-50, and ethyl cellulose.

Materials and Methods:

Liposomes were formulated by solvent evaporation method using poly (sebacic acid-co-ricinoleic acid) in varying ratios and evaluated for particle size, drug loading, entrapment efficiency, transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction. Formulated tamoxifen-loaded liposomes were finally incorporated into transdermal patch and evaluated for thickness drug content, moisture content, moisture uptake, folding endurance, tensile strength diffusion coefficient, permeability coefficient, in vitro permeation, and skin irritation. Optimized transdermal patches were tested for its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics parameters …

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In Children With Idiopathic Epilepsy A Cross-Sectional Study, Joel Philip, Nanasaheb M. Patil, Mahesh Kamate

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Aim:

This study sought to determine the prevalence and characteristics of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children with idiopathic epilepsy (CWE).

Methodology:

Purposive sampling was done to select 94 children with idiopathic epilepsy. These children were administered the Abbreviated Conners Scale to screen for ADHD, which was then confirmed using DSM 5 diagnostic criteria.

Results:

23.4% of CWE were found to have comorbid ADHD, compared to 3-5% in the general population. The characteristics of ADHD also differed in our sample as compared to the general population.

Conclusion:

The findings of our study can help make diagnosticians more astute to …

A Challenge For The India To Take Advantage By Demographic Transition Dividends, Anil Kumar Agarwal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

A change from stable population with high fertility and mortality to a new stability in population due to low fertility and mortality patterns is referred to as a demographic transition. The pace of India's population has slowed in the past few decades; and in the coming years, India will have a large proportion of people in the working ages. Optimists have argued that the resulting demographic dividend (or bonus) will create a smaller dependency load and will generate opportunities for economic growth. On the other hand, the pessimists have stated that India is indeed heading towards a demographic dividend, but …

Medicinal Plants And Related Developments In India A Peep Into 5-Year Plans Of India, Janmejaya Samal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Medicinal herbs/plants or the herbal drugs refer to the use of plant and plant-based products for the management of common ailments. World Health Organization has defined herbal medicines as finished labeled medicinal product that contains an active ingredient, aerial, or underground parts of the plant or other plant material or combinations. In India, more than 70% of the population uses herbal medicine for their health-related problems. Many of the institutions adopt “reverse pharmacology” approach to study the clinical efficacy of medicinal plants and their pragmatic utility in healthcare. Moreover, the herbal therapeutics constitutes a major share of all the officially …

Fundamental Tenets Of Epidemiology In Ayurveda And Their Contemporary Relevance, Janmejaya Samal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Ayurveda, the science of life, is the most ancient medical doctrine of human civilization. Some of the basic principles described in Ayurveda are still the same as today's medical science. Ayurveda does not have a specific text as epidemiology, but the principles described in piecemeal can be compiled, analyzed, and interpreted in the light of modern theories of epidemiology.

Objective:

An initial systematic literature review by the help of internet-based search engines revealed very negligible work in the field of Ayurveda and epidemiology. Hence, an attempt was made to analyze various principles of Ayurveda relevant to epidemiology and interpret …

Algorithm Of Ancient Ayurveda Method Of Semen Analysis And Integrative Approach Toward Male Infertility, Sreenivasa Prasad Buduru, Giridhar Vedantam

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Ayurveda scientifically described as andrology (

Vajikarana

) incorporates semen morphology in normal and pathological conditions, as 8-fold pathological condition and therapy are based on them. Morphological and physicochemical evaluation methods of semen are useful in better diagnosis of clinical manifestation of underlying etiopathology. Based on the standard publications on andrology, an attempt is made to integrate the clinical and laboratory diagnostics of semen physiology and pathology, which help in understanding the abnormalities in conventional Ayurveda as well as modern medicine to plan appropriate pharmacotherapy. Integrative approach would open up new arena in andrology and widen the scope of therapeutic …

Acute Respiratory Infections In Children Can We Prevent?, Gajanan S. Gaude

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Incidental Demonstration Of Filaria Saved A Child From Pyrexia Of Unknown Origin Report Of An Interesting Case, Anindya Adhikari, Palash Kumar Mandal, Krishnendu Haldar, Sanjay Sengupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Filariasis is endemic in tropical countries. Though commonly affects lymphatic system, the majority are asymptomatic and even amicrofilaremic, i.e. may not show microfilariae in blood. Uncommonly, filaria may affect other body tissues. Herein, we report a case where a 10-year-old boy form Orissa presented with pyrexia of unknown origin for 6 months. He had a moderate degree of pallor and lymphadenopathy. Blood examination showed moderate anemia and mild pancytopenia. Other blood tests, fine needle aspiration cytology of lymph node including radiological investigations were inconclusive. Bone marrow examination incidentally demonstrated microfilaria and adult worm was detected in lymph node biopsy. The …

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease - A Report Of Two Cases, Santhosh Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) or histolytic necrotizing lymphadenitis is a rare form of cervical lymphadenopathy that commonly affects young women. It is an idiopathic, self-limiting disease usually presenting with lymphadenitis, fever, and weight loss. I hereby report two cases of KFD, both of them presented with lymph node enlargements in the neck region. Excision biopsy was done after a trial of antibiotics, which gave a pathological diagnosis of KFD. KFD closely mimics, systemic lupus erythematosus and lymphoma, clinically and histologically. Although KFD is a benign disease, it has to be differentiated from these two diseases to avoid unnecessary chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and …

Giant Sporadic High-Grade Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor A Case Report With Review Of Literature, R. Sonia Kundu, S. Sudhamani, V. Swapnil Sirmukaddam, O. Stuti Agarwal, M. Amita Rani, P. Amira Dhond

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are uncommon spindle cell sarcomas originating from the pleuripotent cells of neural crest or Schwann cells. Head and neck region, the extremities and peripheral nerve trunk roots are its common locations. Sporadic type is a rare variant than the neurofibromatosis-1 associated type of MPNST. This study presents a case of giant, sporadic, and high-grade MPNST of right shoulder in a 48-year-old female.

Clinical Profile Of A Case Of Alcoholic Liver Disease - An Ayurvedic Management, Vittal G. Huddar, Mahadev P. Mangane, Shweta Sheshappa Mumbaraddi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

A 35-year-old male diagnosed with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) presented in outpatient department of Kayachikitsa with the complaints of yellowish discoloration of eyes, skin and dark urine, generalized itching, pale stools. Reduced appetite, nausea and disturbed sleep as alcohol withdrawal symptoms since 1-month. The modalities of treatment adopted were

Nitya virechana

(regular purgatives)

, Dronapushpi (Leucas cephalotes Spring.) Anjana

(medicated collyrium) and

shamanoushadhi

(palliative drugs). The total duration of the treatment including follow-up was 80 days. After the comprehensive Ayurvedic intervention, there was a complete remission of symptoms with normal hematological parameters. Hence presenting this case is an evidence to …

Extensive Vascular Calcification, Mukesh Dhillon, Vipin Kwatra, Saurabh Dawra, K. V. S. Hari Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Calciphylaxis denotes the presence of cutaneous gangrene secondary to the ischemic necrosis caused by vascular calcification. This is seen in patients with end stage renal disease, especially those using the renal replacement therapy. We recently encountered an elderly patient with long standing type 2 diabetes who presented with diabetic foot disease. The evaluation revealed extensive vascular calcifications along with diabetic nephropathy. In this report, we present the case details along with the interesting aspects of the calciphylaxis.

Introducing Evidence-Based Dentistry To Undergraduates In The Indian Dental Curriculum, Vasanti Lagali-Jirge, Poornima Kadagad, B. S. Sunila, Anjana Bagewadi, Meenaxi Maste, Deepak Mali

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The importance of evidence in health care teaching in order to orient the practitioners to the great amount of scientific information, and to support clinical decisions, is well established in health care, including density. The practice of evidence-based medicine is a process of lifelong, self-directed, problem-based learning which leads to the need for clinically important information about diagnosis, prognosis, therapy and other clinical and health care issues. Nowadays the practice of dentistry is becoming more complex and challenging because of the continually changing dental materials and equipments, an increasingly litigious society, an increase in the emphasis of continuing professional development, …

True Umbilical Cord Knot, S. Santhosh Kumar, B. Anandha Priya

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Umbilical cord is the lifeline of the fetus connecting it to the mother. It provides nutrition, oxygen, various trophic factors, and hormones from the mother to the fetus. Knotting of the umbilical cord is relatively a rare occurrence and is of two types. True knot of the umbilical cord is a serious condition which can result in fetal distress and catastrophic neonatal complications. We report a case of true umbilical cord knot, in a 28-year-old second gravida, which was diagnosed after elective cesarean section. The knotting was not found during her routine ante-natal scans. The newborn did not have any …

Association Of Mild Cognitive Impairment With Serum Vitamin D Level In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Kulvinder Singh, Veer Bahadur Singh, Babu Lal Meena, Sanjay Beniwal, Subhash Gaur, Vivek Ujwal, Harish Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Diabetes is one of the most common diseases around the world and its prevalence is continuously increasing. It is seen that many patients of diabetes with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have low serum level of Vitamin D. The aim of the study is to identify the correlation between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and MCI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This cross-sectional study was conducted at P.B.M. Hospital, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.

Method:

In this study, 100 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in which 47 were male and 53 were female. For measuring the cognitive impairment …

Diagnostic Outcome Of Bone Marrow Aspiration In A Pediatric Center In Kolkata, India, Arijit Majumdar, Nazir Abdul Wasim, Angshuman Jana, Soumali Biswas, Swagata Bhattacharyya

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Objectives:

To study the spectrum of hematological disorders in children at a tertiary care centre in Kolkata, India.

Settings:

This study was conducted at the department of Paediarics and the department of Pathology of Dr. B. C. Roy PGIPS, Kolkata. The study period was from January 2012 to December, 2014.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of charts of those patients who underwent bone marrow examination (aspiration) was made. Charts were analyzed in detail regarding history, examination and investigations. All findings were entered on a standard proforma.

Results:

BMA from 200 patients were analyzed. Nutritional anemia contributed highest number of cases among …

Disability In The Rural Areas Of Bareilly, India, Syed Esam Mahmood, Arun Singh, Zeashan H. Zaidi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Disability is one of the major public health problems in the developing countries. Eighty percent of the disabled reside in rural areas. Disability prevalence studies carried out in rural India are very few. Thus, studying the prevalence of disability in a rural community will be a useful contribution in proper health planning for the disabled.

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence and distribution of disability in terms of age, gender, education, religion, socioeconomic status, and types in a rural community of Bareilly.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the villages of Bithri Chainpur and Nawabganj Blocks of …

Concept Of Oja Vis -A -Vis Endoplasmic Reticular Function An Approach To Decode The Holistic View, Anagha Vishwas Ranade, Rabinarayan Acharya

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

In Ayurveda,

Oja

, being one of the most distinctive concepts is a factor of prime importance related to vitality.

Ayurveda

depicts the definition, types (Para, Apara); site (Hridaya- Heart, sarvashariravyapi - presence in cellular level), quantity (vindu-in drops), function (bala-vitality) and its derangement etiology etc. of

Oja

. Various researchers based on their own ideas have given its modern parlance with immunity and stem cell etc.

Objective:

To decipher the fundamental concept of

Oja

vis-ΰ-vis endoplasmic reticular function.

Material and Methods:

A critical analysis of information on

Oja

from available Ayurvedic literatureand endoplasmic reticular function form modern Physiology …

A Study Of The Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Asthma In Urban Schools Of Ludhiana, Punjab, Kamaldeep Arora, Rashmi Ranjan Das, Puneet A. Pooni, Rashi Rustagi, Daljit Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Asthma is the most common chronic childhood disease being increasingly diagnosed in recent years. A review estimating the prevalence of bronchial asthma in the Indian children concluded the burden to be high than previously understood. There is paucity of data from Punjab, and no study from Ludhiana has estimated the true prevalence of asthma in urban area.

Objective:

To determine the prevalence and risk factors for childhood asthma using questionnaires and pulmonary function tests.

Material and Methods:

This was a questionnaire based cross-sectional study over a period of 1.5 year in the age group of 5-15 years studying in …

A Comparative Study Of Aspiration Followed By, A. Amruta Wali, N. Tajahmed Dongargoan, V. Shashidhar Emmi, S. Yogesh Kulkarni, S. Pradeep Shindhe, Y. Santosh Mudakappagol

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Classical texts explain the

Agnikarma

in detail for the management and eradication of various ailments with the limitation to understand its application and standardized methodology for each ailment. Ganglions are the most common cystic swellings, especially found in dorsum aspect of wrist which is well known for recurrence. Hence, to avoid the complications of surgery and to reduce the social burden of the patient, an effort is made to establish and modify the

Agnikarma

methodology in ganglion.

Methods:

30 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria of ganglion were randomly selected and divided into Group 1 and Group 2 comprising of …

Malarial Trend In Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka An Epidemiological Assessment From 2004 To 2013, Shivakumar, B. V. Rajesh, Arun Kumar, Muktha Achari, Suman Deepa, Navya Vyas

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Malaria is one of the main causes for morbidity in India and many of the tropical countries. Dakshina Kannada in Karnataka is one of the Malaria endemic districts. Various efforts to contain the transmission of this deadly disease by National Vector Borne Disease Control Program (NVBDCP) has been effective up to an extent.

Methods:

A retrospective report based study over a period of ten years was conducted in Dakshina Kannada district. The community based data of confirmed cases of malaria was collected and analysed.

Results:

Highest cases of Malaria were recorded in 2005 (16,154). The incidence of Malaria ranged …

Dental Radiographic Signs, Swati Phore, Rahul Singh Panchal, Pallavi Baghla, Nuzhat Nabi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Many lesions that occur in the jaw present with a similar radiographical appearance and it is often difficult to differentiate among them. Despite the development of various cross-sectional imaging modalities, the radiograph still remains the first, and the most important investigations. Some diseases have typical radiographical signs and findings that are particular to a specific disease. The aim of this review is to describe collective esoteric knowledge, about various radiographic signs associated with the orofacial region.

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition - A Fundamental Mechanism In Cancer Progression An Overview, Punnya V. Angadi, Alka D. Kale

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has a significant role in embryogenesis. EMT is also implicated as a fundamental step development of invasive phenotypes associated with progression of cancer. EMT confers the cancer cells with migratory and invasive properties that allow them to come into the stroma, which creates a conducive environment for cancer progression and metastasis. Moreover, acquisition of EMT is linked with resistance to chemotherapy that could lead to recurrences and enhance the morbidity and mortality related to cancers. Consequently, EMT has been associated with carcinogenesis, invasion, metastasis, recurrence, and chemoresistance. Research into EMT and its role in cancer pathogenesis …

Rational Antibiotic Therapy, N. S. Mahantshetti

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Diagnosis And Treatment Of A Teenager With Comorbid Depression And Anorexia Nervosa, A. O. Coker, O. O. Coker

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

This is a case of an 18-year-old female Nigerian student who presented to the emergency department with symptoms of depression that was subsequently diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN). The clinical features, diagnosis, and complications of AN were also discussed. This case report supports the suggestions that anorexia previously unreported in Nigeria and other sub-Saharan countries may be underreported. Therefore, general practitioners and family physicians should be aware of the emergence of this illness in Nigeria in order to identify and treat adolescents with this illness.

Unusual Occurrence Of Stony Hard Material In Posterior Anal Fistula (Bhagandara), Pradeep S. Shindhe, Sunny Mathew, N. Dongargoan Tajahmed, S. Killedar Ramesh, Y. M. Santosh, Amruta A. Wali

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The occurrence of stony material in the anal fistulous tract is a very rare clinical presentation; till today there are only three evident citation in pubmed indexed journals. Anal fistula (bhagandhara) is a chronic inflammatory tubular structure connecting the anorectal canal with peri-anal skin. A 66-year-old male patient presented with complaints of persistent pain in the perianal region and soiling of the undergarments with stool and constipation since 2 years. The case was diagnosed as posterior low anal fistula by per rectal digital, proctoscopic, and by fistulogram. It can be correlated to agantuja/unmargi bhagandhara

.

In the present case, "stasis" …

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors-Paroxetine Induced Galactorrhea In A Case Of Somatoform Disorder, Ajay Halder, Pradeep K. Saha, Uday S. Mandal, Abhinanda Biswas

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Galactorrhea is one of the rarest complications of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). We report a case of 35-year-old married woman who underwent treatment for somatoform disorder in psychiatry outpatient department. After receiving 7 weeks treatment of paroxetine, one of the SSRIs, she had whitish discharge from both of the nipples, which spontaneously disappeared within 1-week after withdrawal of drug. She had no concomitant pregnancy. No evidence of any raised intracranial pressure, extrapyramidal symptoms, visual disturbance were present and she had no history of local surgery or any infection. Thyroid and other hormonal assay like prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone and dehydroepiandrosterone …

Wilson′S Disease With A Rare Presentation Resistant Rickets, Tarakeswara Rao Pikala, Venkata Siva Sankara Murty Yerramilli, Madhusudhan Rao Karuparti, K. Lakshmi Priyadarshani

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Wilson's disease is a rare genetic disorder of copper metabolism. The basic genetic defect is a combination of reduced synthesis of ceruloplasmin and defective excretion of copper in the bile. Abnormal and toxic amount of copper are deposited in various tissues. Clinical manifestations in Wilson

'

s diseases are protean and varied. We report a 13-year-old male child with knock-knee deformity, which progressed over 8 years without any other manifestations. High index of suspicion, meticulous examination, and relevant investigations confirmed Wilson's disease.

Fluroscence A Cryptic Puzzle, Manasi Chetan Mundada, Faiq Ahmed, G. S. Devi, Sudha Murthy, M. V. T. Mohan

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has defined biology and clinical course that is, distinct from the other forms of acute myelogenous leukemia. It may present with potentially devastating coagulopathy and the sensitivity to retinoid differentiating agents, including all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide, hence a fast and definite diagnosis is imperative. Reciprocal 15, 17 translocation creates a

PML/RARA

fusion gene on the derivative chromosome 15, which can be detected by various molecular tests such as cytogenetics, fluroscence

in-situ

hybridization (FISH), reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. We present here a diagnostically challenging case, both morphologically and immunophenotypically proven to be APL, which was …

Role Of Once-Daily Tadalafil In Men With Concomitant Erectile Dysfunction And Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia A Prospective Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study, Sunder Goyal, Snigdha Goyal, Isha Saini

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Majority of men over age 50 are sexually active and sex is an important part of overall quality of life. Both benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with lower urinary tract symptoms-BPH (BPH-LUTS) and erectile dysfunction (ED) are often found in this age group simultaneously. Pathophysiological mechanisms for both these diseases are almost common. All males presenting with LUTS should be assessed for sexual dysfunction and viceversa. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of once-daily tadalafil on erectile function in men with ED and benign prostatic hypertrophy with LUTS. One drug for treatment of both diseases and …