Digital Commons Network^™

Encouraging Experiential Learning Throughout The Period Of Medical Training, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The learning which happens in the case of an adult learner, including the medical students occurs in a wide variety of ways and is influenced by multiple factors. Experiential learning, as the name suggests, refers to the learning process that occurs through experience, and can be better understood as the learning via reflection on doing. The basic concept of experiential learning is that it facilitates learning in terms of a direct experience of an individual student, which may occur within or beyond the classroom settings. An undergraduate medical student can get benefited from experiential learning right from the early stages …

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Oncology-Related Perceptions, Atin Singhai, Parul Jain, Ranjan Solanki

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Rare Clinical Presentation Of Umbilical Endometriosis, Aditi Shivcharan Agrawal, Tuhina Mishra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Primary umbilical endometriosis is a rare disorder accounting for 0.5%–1% of extragenital endometriosis. It is defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue within the umbilicus. Although it mostly presents as a typical cyclic umbilical discharge coincidental with a palpable mass, the diagnosis is often delayed due to its low prevalence and abnormal presentation, as in this case. The possibility of subcutaneous endometriosis should not be ruled out when an umbilical mass is detected, even if there is no history of previous surgery. Other differential diagnoses of umbilical mass include paraumbilical hernia, surgical scar (laparoscopy), primary umbilical tumor, granuloma, Sister …

Sick Sinus Syndrome And Hyperthyroidism A Rare Phenomenon, Nitesh Kumar, Diwakar Verma, Kapil Gupta, Madhu Kiran, Prakarti Yadav, Shatrughan Pareek

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Cardiovascular complications play a very crucial part in hyperthyroidism and increased mortality and morbidity risk. Besides tachyarrhythmia, impaired systolic ventricular dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction may cause thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy in a small percentage of the patients, as another high mortality complication. Bradycardia in hyperthyroidism is a rare phenomenon which is associated with the sinus node dysfunction, atrioventricular node dysfunction, and conduction disturbance, or due to the effect of the drugs, i.e. beta-blockers. A 70-year-old female patient was brought to the emergency department with the history of feeling dizziness, lightheadedness, and bradycardia. While waiting in emergency, she had an episode of syncope, …

An Unusual Case Of Phytobezoar Causing Gastric Outlet Obstruction, Aditi Shivcharan Agrawal, Tuhina Mishra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

A bezoar is defined as the accumulation of certain indigestible or poorly digestible substances in the gastrointestinal tract in the form of a mass, and when the bezoars consist of fruits and vegetables fibers, they are labeled as “phytobezoar.” Bezoars in the stomach are a rare condition and are often associated with episodes of gastric dysmotility and prior gastric surgery, though sometimes they can present without any significant history. Phytobezoars are difficult to diagnose due to its overlapping signs and episodic nature. however, in medical literature, the information about phytobezoars is insufficient due to the limited amount of documented cases, …

Photokeratitis Following Exposure To Germicidal Ultraviolet Lamps During The Covid Pandemic, Suprava Das, Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi, Deergha Pareek

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Twelve patients presented with symptoms of pain, redness, watering, and photophobia following exposure to germicidal ultraviolet (UV) lamp. Anterior segment examination showed varying degrees of ciliary congestion and superficial corneal punctate epithelial erosions in all patients. Diagnosis of post-UV photokeratitis was made. Patients were treated with topical antibiotics and artificial lubricating drops. All patients were symptom free 1 week following presentation. The use of standard protective gear and closely following manufacturer guidelines can prevent such complications.

Prevalence And Pattern Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients From Northern India, Rakesh Tank, Priyanka Tank, Abhishek Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation, hyperinflation, and ventilation-perfusion mismatch. It is now considered as a systemic disease. The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in COPD is variable with a paucity of literature from Indian subcontinent.

AIM:

This study was conducted to observe the regional prevalence and pattern of OSA in patients of COPD.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The present prospective study was carried out in the Department of Internal Medicine, Pt. B.D. Sharma, PGIMS, Rohtak, for a period of 20 months, i.e. during July 2012 to February 2014. Patients seeking care at the Department …

Value Of Self-Assessment As A Learning Tool In Dental Education And Practice A Descriptive Study, Sunila Bukanakere Sangappa, Radha Madhavi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Self-assessment (SA) skills are integral to lifelong learning process as they are a mode to share educational responsibility. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the dental undergraduate student's perception, practice of SA, and its impact over their academic and clinical performance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was carried out among 444 dental students regarding practice of SA in their academic and clinical practice across all the years for a period of 3 months. Data were collected by a pilot-tested self-administered structured questionnaire adopting convenient sampling and analyzed using SPSS Version 22 Software.

RESULTS:

Mean score …

Emerging Crisis Of Multidrug-Resistant Enterococci From A Rural Tertiary Care Hospital Of North India, Jyoti Sangwan, Kirti Lohan, Pratibha Mane, Mukesh Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Enterococci are emerging as a major pathogen causing a variety of hospital-acquired nosocomial infections and community-acquired infections contributing significantly to patient's morbidity and mortality. The emergence of multidrug-resistant enterococci worsens the problem as multidrug resistance leaves fewer therapeutic options for clinicians in treating life-threatening infections.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was an observational study carried out from March 2019 to February 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of enterococci was done by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method, and results were interpreted as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines 2019.

RESULTS:

Multidrug-resistant enterococci were reported to be 62.7%. A variable antimicrobial susceptibility …

Occupational Safety And Health Hazards Among Cashew Processing Workers Of Cuddalore District A Cross-Sectional Study, Janana Priya, Lavanya Ayyasamy, Sri Madhu Priya Mahendiran, Adhithyaa Selvarathinam

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Occupational health and safety is a major concern of all time despite consequent advancement in all forms of industries. As stated in multiple research papers from various parts of the nation, more than 90% of workers involved in cashew processing were females who are socially and economically backward. This paper aims to find the existing occupational health hazards of workers in the cashew processing unit and the level of safety measures adopted. In addition, the health outcome in relation to certain improvisations made in the process was also analyzed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Full-time workers from the cashew processing unit …

Mobile Application-Assisted Observation Of Hand Hygiene Practices Among Nurses In A Tertiary Care Center A Cross-Sectional Study, A Malini, B Bhuvaneshwari

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Improper hand hygiene (HH) practices are responsible for nearly 40% of health care-associated infections (HCAIs). Good HH measures are the most cost-effective means of reducing its incidence. Health-care workers (HCWs) play an important role in reducing HCAI by adhering to HH and intensive care unit protocols.

OBJECTIVES:

The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge regarding HH among nurses using a questionnaire and to assess compliance to the WHO's “My five moments of hand hygiene” among nurses using a mobile application (App).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was an observational cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center conducted …

Correlation Between Cigarette Smoking And Raised Intraocular Pressure In Males, Sushmita Mukherji, Soumen Karmakar, Sibaji Dasgupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

OBJECTIVE:

Smoking is one of the most important risk factors both in systemic as well as ocular diseases. Its role in pathogenesis of ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma has been proposed, but there remains a controversy in the study results. Our aim is to find any association between cigarette smoking and raised intraocular pressure (IOP).

METHODS:

This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 60 male subjects were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty-one were selected using simple random sampling, had raised IOP, among which 17 were smokers. Two-nine matched subjects had normal IOP, with 11 smokers among …

Academic Loss-Related Anxiety Among College Students During Covid-19 Pandemic, Sagar Rai, Zareen Akhtar, Kaushal Kishor Singh, Madan Lal Brahma Bhatt, Sudhir Kumar Verma, Sujita Kumar Kar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The global outbreak of SARS-CoV2, initially affecting few individuals in Wuhan city of China, is now devastating millions of lives. Among all, students face substantial challenges, mainly in academic losses due to the imposed lockdown that may be detrimental to their mental well-being. Our study aimed to identify the anxiety levels among university students undergoing training in various disciplines.

METHODS:

It was a cross-sectional study. General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale within a semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess students' anxiety levels about their academic loss.

RESULTS:

A total of 507 students from India participated in the survey. Eventually, the prevalence …

Study Of “Three Delay Model” Of Maternal Morbidity And Mortality In Two Tertiary Care Hospitals Of Belagavi, Jyoti Singh, Chandra S. Metgud

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Every year millions of women around the world suffer from pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum complication. Approximately 810 women die every day worldwide from preventable causes related to pregnancy and delivery. The concept of severe acute maternal morbidity or near miss was aptly developed for the present health-care system. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined “near-miss” as a woman, who is close to death, survives a complication that occurred during pregnancy, delivery, or up to 42 days after the termination of her pregnancy. The important causes of maternal mortality and morbidity have been summarized as the three delays. These …

The Other Corona Warriors A Kap Study On Covid-19 Among Janitors And Housekeeping Staff From A Tertiary Care Hospital In Eastern India, Vineeta Shukla, Ripan Saha, Ankita Mishra, Meghna Mukherjee, Mausumi Basu, Raghunath Misra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Janitors and housekeeping staff are an integral part of our health-care system and are also in the frontline to fight this pandemic. COVID-19 infection is a new disease which currently has no specific treatment and vaccine, but this disease is preventable if there is a high level of awareness. This is especially important for housekeepers as they are unable to get adequate protection unlike doctors and nurses. They also receive less importance and appreciation than other frontline workers.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of janitors and housekeeping staff of a tertiary care hospital on COVID-19 …

Lifestyle Behavior Of Patients With Noncommunicable Diseases During Covid-19 Pandemic An Observational Study, Renu Bala, Amit Srivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses an unprecedented challenge and adversely affects the lifestyle of people with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) due to enforced restrictions by the governments.

AIMS:

The study aimed to assess the physical activity and prophylactic behavior, along with change in sleep, alcohol intake, and tobacco consumption during the enforced lockdown.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study was conducted in August 2020 and recruited NCD patients visiting the institute's outpatient department. Questions were formed on prophylactic behavior, changes in sleep, and alcohol and tobacco consumption along with a validated scale of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form.

RESULTS:

The …

“Mothers Knowledge And Attitude On Feeding Of Banked Human Milk Among Infants” With View To Develop An Information Booklet”, Hussainbi A. Tahasildar, Gavishiddhayya B. Salimath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Donor breastfeeding is the best natural feeding. Especially in high-risk and preterm infants, donor breast milk is the best source of nutrition. The benefits of breastfeeding for the neonates are already known; when mother breast milk is not flowing due to some medical conditions, then the alternative best source donor breast milk.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of mothers on feeding of banked human milk among infants and also to find out associations with sociodemographic variables.

METHODOLOGY:

The study was conducted at KLE'S Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital among 100 postnatal mothers …

Personal Protective Equipment Usage And Its Disposal By The Residents Of Dhaka City During The Covid-19 Pandemic A Mixed-Method Enquiry, Shuvashis Saha, Md Shah Newaz, Shajib Hazari, Mohammad Kabir Uddin, Samiul Iqbal, Kh Salekuzzaman

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

COVID-19 has caused unprecedented hazard not only to the health and economy but also to the environment worldwide. In the absence of an effective vaccine to the mass people, practice of preventive measures against coronavirus can only save the health and economy of a poor nation like Bangladesh. On one hand, poor practice of protective behavior against the novel coronavirus has been reported among the general population and on the other hand, sudden rise of personal protective equipments (PPEs) use are causing massive damage to the environment of the cities like Dhaka.

AIMS:

This study aims to understand the …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Rural Population Of Belgaum District, Arvind L. Tenagi, Lisa Sunny, Vivek Wani, Mahesh I. Magdum, K. S. Smitha, B. K. Bhagyajyothi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Rural population is highly underprivileged in terms of access to tertiary eye care facilities.

AIMS:

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and associated risk factors among known diabetics in the rural population of Belgaum district.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A cross-sectional population-based study was carried out from January 2018 to December 2018.

METHODOLOGY:

Three hundred and forty patients underwent a detailed ocular examination. Clinical grading was based on early treatment of DR study guidelines. Random blood sugar, blood pressure, height, weight, hemoglobin, serum creatinine, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: …

Dietary Aldose Reductase Inhibitors And Prevention Of Diabetic Complications, Ameena Anjum, Janamolla Sreeja, Yarlagadda Swapna, Rajesh Bolleddu, Sama Venkatesh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Prolonged exposure to hyperglycemia can lead to the development of complications such as cataracts, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Several mechanisms are supposed to be involved in this process such as increased aldose reductase (AR)-related polyol pathway, increased formation of advanced glycation end products, and excessive oxidation stress in the body. AR is the principal enzyme of the polyol pathway in the development of secondary complications of diabetes, and its inhibition provides a significant strategy to prevent these complications. Synthetic aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs) have been developed, but they suffer drawbacks and safety issues demanding research on natural sources for potential …

Transrectal Ultrasonography And Biopsy Of The Prostate, R. B. Nerli, Manas Sharma, Shridhar C. Ghagane

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

When compared to other solid organ malignancies, the diagnosis of prostate cancer is not reliant on imaging findings alone. Men found to have abnormal digital rectal examination findings, raised serum prostate-specific antigen levels, or both are subjected to prostate biopsy to arrive at a diagnosis. Since its introduction in the 1970s, Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) plays a vital role in the diagnostic pathway to guide prostatic biopsy. However, many men are subjected to unnecessary biopsies, leading to a diagnosis of clinically-indolent cancer or occasionally missing a focus of clinically significant disease. Currently, TRUS-guided prostate biopsy performed under local anesthesia is in …

Effectiveness Of Meditation Programs In Empirically Reducing Stress And Amplifying Cognitive Function, Thus Boosting Individual Health Status A Narrative Overview, Rohan Arora, Reshu Gupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Meditation is increasingly being used to promote general health, to treat stress and stress-related conditions, and is also beginning to find its feet in cognitive therapeutics. This article intends to evaluate its impacts on stress and cognitive function, aiming to augment the understanding of the mechanisms and subsequent implications for individual health. A multistep approach was used for the purpose of selection of articles, which was based on shortlisting of titles, then abstracts and further full texts. Subject to selection criteria, keywords “Meditation,” “stress,” “cognition,” “reducing,” “health,” and “effectiveness” were used to search online databases and conduct hand searches. The …

Sudden Onset Of Olfactory And Gustatory Dysfunction - An Early Predictor To Isolate The Patient In Covid-19 Pandemic, Santosh Kumar Swain

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a new pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The prevalent symptoms in COVID-19 include fever, cough, sore throat, rhinorrhea, myalgia, headache, dyspnea, and diarrhea. At the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic, the clinical presentations such as olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions were considered as atypical. At present, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are not uncommon symptoms among COVID-19 infections in the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially, these two symptoms were underestimated and not recognized among scientific community. At present, many otolaryngologists over the world documented that COVID-19 patients presented with olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions even without …

Scope And Need Of Curriculum Mapping In Accomplishing Learning Outcomes In The Field Of Medical Education, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Curriculum refers to the complete range of student experiences to which they will be exposed in the educational process. For any curriculum, communicability and transparency have been regarded as the crucial aspects. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine, and a total of six articles were selected based upon the suitability with the current review objectives and analyzed. Curriculum mapping has been identified as the method to ensure communicability and transparency, but it also plays an important role in bridging the gaps between the declared, taught, and tested curriculum. …

Challenges And Management Of Type-1 Diabetes In Covid-19 Pandemic, Sujata Jali

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Incidental Finding Of Non-Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome-Associated Ovarian Sex Cord Tumor With Annular Tubules, Kavita Mardi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Need For A Holistic Approach To Contain Hepatitis C World Health Organization, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Hepatitis C has been acknowledged as one of the global public health concerns owing to its universal distribution, high incidence, impaired quality of life, and associated life threatening complications, including death. The need to have an urgent public health response is further emphasized by the fact they tend to cast a major financial burden on the community. Considering the huge burden of the chronic infections, it is high time that the access to affordable testing and treatment is given due importance. However, as with any other program, the success of the program requires sustained financial support and simultaneous investments have …

Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mimicking Like Lymphoma, Majed Abdul Basit Momin, Amit K. Sarda, Sunitha Kayidhi, Abhijeet Ingle, Dharmendra Kumar Borad

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL) is a rare idiopathic disorder. It is frequently underdiagnosed due to its nonspecific clinical features, mimicking like lymphomas, autoimmune diseases, and infectious reactive lymphadenopathy. Histological examination of the lymph node is the basis of diagnosis in HNL. We report a 40-year-old male patient who presented with fever for 4 weeks. After an extensive workup, laboratory investigations revealed progressive pancytopenia, gradual increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase, and ferritin with negative pyrexia profile. His radiological imaging including positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed multiple intra-abdominal, cervical, and axillary lymphadenopathies. Finally, the histological section from axillary lymph node core biopsy …

An Unusual Presentation Of Rhinosporidiosis, Santosh Kumar Swain, Ansuman Sahu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection of the nose and nasopharynx. It is endemic in South Asia and commonly affects males in their second to fourth decades of life. Majority of the cases are found in the upper respiratory tract such as anterior nares, nasal cavity, inferior turbinate, nasal septum, floor, and nasopharynx. Although nose or nasopharynx is the most common location for rhinosporidiosis, it can also involve the skin, parotid duct, oropharynx, and larynx. Here, we report the case of a 42-year-old male who presented with extensive rhinosporidiosis in both nasal cavities and nasopharynx along with involvement of the …

Determination Of Phenotypic Alteration Of Arecoline-Induced Buccal Mucosal Fibroblasts An, Ritiha Patil, Alka D. Kale, Deepa R. Mane, Dhanashree Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Oral cancer is one of the worldwide health problems accounting as the 6

th

common of all malignancies. Majority of the oral cancer develop from premalignant conditions of the oral cavity due to the chronic habit of tobacco chewing and smoking. The prominent cells of the oral mucosa are fibroblasts playing a major role in synthesis of extracellular matrix, wound healing, and wound repair. Arecoline, one of main ingredients of tobacco is considered as a risk factor for the development of oral premalignant lesions and cancer. The arecoline is reported to have both genotoxic and morphological alteration of oral …