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The Psychological Status Of Resident Doctors During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Its Association With Resilience And Social Support A Cross-Sectional Study, Kathleen Anne Mathew, Kudrat Jain, Arya Jith

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the psychological status of frontline medical professionals who constantly work under stressful situations. The role of social support and resilience in safeguarding the mental health of resident doctors, is an area, which has not received due attention.

AIMS:

To assess the psychological status (depression, anxiety, and fear of COVID-19) and its association with resilience and perceived social support in resident doctors during COVID-19 pandemic.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among the resident doctors in a tertiary hospital in Kochi, Kerala.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A web-based survey created using Google forms …

Assessment Of Hidden Leprosy Cases In North Karnataka By Leprosy Case Detection Campaign – A Mixed-Method Study, Ooviya Jayaseelan, Deepti M. Kadeangadi, M. S. Shivaswamy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease, is a chronic infectious disease, caused by Mycobacterium Leprae. India and Indonesia contributed 92% of the South-East Asia Region's caseload.

AIM:

The aim of this study is to identify leprosy cases in the general population by active surveillance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

As a part of the leprosy survey, the teams comprised healthcare workers and volunteers who performed house-to-house survey and examined all the household members to identify any suspects with hypopigmented and hypoanesthetic patches. The suspects were examined by the medical officer. Clinically suspected leprosy patients were then referred to the district hospital …

Transparency In Peer Review – Is This An Emerging Trend?, Harpreet Kour, Punnya Angadi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Omicron The Tsunami??, Bhagyashri B. Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Palatine Tonsil An Unusual Location Of Rhinosporidiosis, Santosh Kumar Swain

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Rhinosporidiosis is a granulomatous disease caused by

Rhinosporidium seeberi

which belongs to class Mesomycetozoea. It mainly affects mucous membranes of the nose, nasopharynx, and oropharynx. It can also involve uncommon sites of the human body to disseminated types. Water and soil act as a reservoir for this organism. Isolated involvement of the palatine tonsil by rhinosporidiosis is extremely uncommon. Extra-nasal manifestations of rhinosporidiosis are relatively uncommon in clinical practice. Tonsillar rhinosporidiosis is extremely rare and often confused with oropharyngeal tumors. The mainstay of treatment of rhinosporidiosis is surgical excision by coblation, laser, or electric diathermy. Here, we report a 32-year-old …

Training Medical Students About Research Skills Existing Challenges And The Potential Solutions, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

A Case Of Acquired External Auditory Canal Stenosis Following Trauma, Soumick Ranjan Sahoo, Mandira Sarma

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Acquired external auditory canal (EAC) stenosis is a rare clinical condition. Infection is most common cause which cause acquired EAC stenosis. Trauma is a rare cause. Treatment should be removal of the soft tissue causing the stenosis, doing a canaloplasty, covering the bare areas with skin graft to achieve a patent EAC. We describe a case of the left EAC partial stenosis following road traffic accident 10 years back in which the soft tissue causing the stenosis was surgically removed, canaloplasty was done and bare areas covered with skin graft. The patient has been followed up and no restenosis has …

Ophthalmomyiasis Externa Caused By, Sangameshwarayya B. Salimath, Shruti M. Agadi, Brijesh A. Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

External Ophthalmomyiasis caused by

Oestrus ovis

is the most common cause of human myiasis worldwide. Distinguishing it from other causes is important to prevent sight-threatening complications. Two patients present with pain, redness, and foreign-body sensation in affected eye. Motile larvae were seen on slit-lamp examination later diagnosed as

O. ovis

infestation on microbiological examination. Larvae were removed and patients were started on topical antibiotics, lubricating eye drops, and systemic antihistaminics and followed up for 3 weeks. Improvement was observed within 1 week of treatment. Early diagnosis will help to know the possibility of internal ophthalmomyiasis.

Focal Hematopoietic Hyperplasia Of The Rib, A Rare Form Of Pseudotumor Report Of A Case With Review Of Literature, Kavita Mardi, Pooja Murugai, Meena Bhardwaj

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Focal hematopoietic hyperplasia is a rare and localized proliferation of the bone marrow to such a degree that it produces a tumor-like expansion and hence called a pseudotumor. It is a rare benign condition and only 11 cases of focal hematopoietic hyperplasia have been reported in the English literature so far. We report one such rare case of focal hematopoietic hyperplasia in the rib of a 53-year-old female and reviewed the relevant literature. Our patient presented with backache and palpable swelling in the rib. Radiologically, they all manifested as an expansive and radiolucent lesion and contained ill-defined areas of increased …

Oculocutaneous Manifestations Of Xeroderma Pigmentosum In Children A Prospective Case Series, Suchismita Mishra, Jasmita Satapathy, Bikash Ranjan Kar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by a gene defect, leading to deficient deoxyribonucleic acid repair. The sun-exposed areas of the body predominantly skin, eyelid, and ocular surface are greatly affected by ultraviolet radiation. In this case series, we report eight children with XP seen over a period of 5 years. All these cases had complaints of photophobia and early lentiginosis in sun-exposed area. Clinical presentation varied from lid freckles, conjunctival hyperemia, conjunctival melanosis, corneal opacity with vascularization, actinic keratosis to skin malignancy. One child with squamous cell carcinoma of the neck died at the age …

Oculo-Orbital Involvement In Craniofacial Injuries Following Road Traffic Accidents, Adyasha Dash, Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Craniofacial injury is of common occurrence following road traffic accidents (RTAs). It often leads to serious disabilities, including significant damage to the visual system.

AIM:

This study aims to evaluate different ocular and orbital manifestations in patients of craniofacial injury following RTA and estimate the incidence of craniofacial injuries following RTA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

All patients with craniofacial injuries following RTA between August 2014 and August 2016 were included in the study. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation. Imaging studies were done wherever indicated.

RESULTS:

Out of 840 cases of RTA, 77 cases presented with craniofacial injuries. Incidence of …

Importance Of Platelet Indices In The Establishment Of Etiopathological Categorization Of Thrombocytopenia In Children, Arijit Majumdar, Soumali Biswas, Angshuman Jana

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Evaluation of thrombocytopenia requires thorough clinical history, examination, complete hemogram, including platelet indices and bone marrow study whenever indicated. The etiopathogenetic mechanism decides patient management. Platelet-derived indices have a well-established correlation with the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia in adult-based research. These indices include mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet-large cell ratio. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the variation and relationship of platelet indices in hypoproductive and hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia in children.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A prospective, observational study for a period of 1 year was done on children with thrombocytopenia. Platelet count …

Factors Affecting Outcome In Neonates With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia At Tertiary Care Center, Nandkishor Dhanvantrao Shinde, Vinod Uplaonkar, Vaishnavi Koneru, Maria Akhtar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a major congenital anomaly requiring surgical intervention after birth. Due to improvements in antenatal diagnosis and perinatal management with well advanced neonatal intensive care, there are better overall survival rates in the developed countries. However, the outcome is still poor in developing countries where multiple factors contribute to higher morbidity and mortality.

AIM:

The aim of the study is to evaluate various factors affecting the perioperative management and their outcome in neonates with CDH.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This descriptive observational study was conducted over a period of 4 years. Neonates who underwent surgery for …

Ondansetron In Combination With Fluoxetine For Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study From North India, Jamshed Ahmad, Anuradha Nischal, Anil Nischal, Bandna Gupta, Manu Agarwal, Adarsh Tripathi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

A large percentage of patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) do not respond to first-line medications. Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OCD as an augmentation agent to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, scientific evidence in this regard is limited.

AIMS:

This study aimed to study the effect of ondansetron in combination with fluoxetine on psychopathology, functioning, and quality of life in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder and to compare these parameters with patients treated with fluoxetine alone.

METHODS:

This was a 12-week prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria …

Obesity Among The Urban Poor Evidence From A Community-Based Study Among Adults Residing In An Underprivileged Area Of Bengaluru City, India, Avita Rose Johnson, Sakthi Arasu, Mitchell Singstock, Nancy Angeline

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Obesity is increasing among the urban poor and is a major risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and determinants of obesity among adults over the age of 30 years in an underprivileged community of Bengaluru city.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in an underprivileged area of Southern Bangalore. Sociodemographic details, diet, and lifestyle risk factors were assessed by a pretested questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, and waist circumference were recorded and World Health Organization Asian cutoffs for body mass index (BMI) …

Effects Of Fixed Twin-Block And Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device On Mandibular Third Molar Angulation – A Comparative Study, Pooja Milind Tendulkar, Tejashri Pradhan

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Fixed functional appliances such as fixed twin-block (FTB) and forsus fatigue resistant device (FRD) improve Class II skeletal relationships by increasing the length of the mandible, which subsequently leads to an increase in the retromolar space. This would bring about a positional and angular change in the mandibular third molar. These appliances also produce forward movement of the mandibular buccal segments, which has also been cited as an important factor providing space and therefore improving the angulation and eruption potential of the third molars.

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate and compare the effects of FTB and forsus FRD treatment on mandibular …

A Cross-Sectional Study On Predictors Of Quality Of Life Of Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Anuradha Gautam

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Quality of life (QoL) in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a salient issue. The advent of highly active antiretroviral treatment has changed this deadly disease to a chronic manageable illness with focus shifting from fighting virus to ensuring a good QoL.

AIMS:

The aim of the study was to assess the predictors of health-related QoL (HRQoL) of PLHIV.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 205 PLHIV at antiretroviral therapy (ART) plus center of a tertiary care hospital of Lucknow. Interview method was used to collect the data. …

Comparison Of Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome And Normal Cases Undergoing Manual Small-Incision Cataract Surgery In A Tertiary Health-Care Center In Eastern India, Suprava Das, Swati Samant, Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi, Lipika Mehra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) syndrome has been known to be a genetically inherited syndrome which generally affects the population above 50 years of age. It further increases the chances of complications during cataract surgery.

AIM:

In our study, we aim to compare the results of manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) in PXF eyes and controls and report the intraoperative and postoperative outcomes (up to 6 weeks) in both groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a prospective, observational, nonrandomized study, which was conducted in the ophthalmology department in a tertiary hospital in Eastern India from February 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019. …

Detection Of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes In Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Negative Women In Belagavi, Karnataka, Vinay S. Pala, Chidanand Patil, Mahantesh B. Nagmoti, Anita Dadi Dalal, Arati Mane

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Women are known to be at high risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and its associated cervical pathology. However, limited data are available on circulating genotypes, especially among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative women. Therefore, the present study was designed to gauge the prevalence of HPV genotypes in HIV-negative women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 96 HIV-negative women in the age range of 18–45 years. Cervical samples were collected from the transformation zone of the cervix using the deoxyribonucleic acid collection device (cytobrush), which was rinsed in 20 ml of PreservCyt

®

vial …

Clinical Profile, Management, And Outcome Of Neonates With Congenital Structural Anomalies Admitted In Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Vinaya Ajaykumar Singh, Sushma Malik, Prachi Gandhi, Poonam Wade

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The aim of this study was to describe the clinical profile, management, and outcome of neonates with congenital structural anomalies and to determine the proportion of neonates having major and minor congenital structural anomalies and requiring surgical intervention. This retrospective cross-sectional study included all neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary health-care referral center over a period of 1 year. Neonates with acquired form of surgical conditions (like abscess and necrotising enterocolitis) were excluded from the study. We also studied various maternal risk factors such as gestational diabetes, amniotic fluid volume, and pregnancy registration.

RESULTS:

Out …

Strategies In Laboratory Diagnosis Of Covid-19 In India, Abhijit Vinodrao Boratne, Lalithambigai Chellamuthu, Yogesh Bahurupi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

COVID-19 has been documented as the fifth pandemic since 1918 Spanish flu (H1N1). It began as a human cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology, reported from Wuhan, China, during late December 2019. The etiological agent of the pandemic was detected as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. The Indian Council of Medical Research along with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare expanded and diversified testing capacity. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis. TrueNat or cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test is for testing at primary and secondary health care level. Rapid antigen test has …

Ofloxacin Resistance In An Increasing Concern, Ramesh S. Kumar, K. R. Uma Devi, Azger Dusthackeer, Christy Rosaline Nirmal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) associated with the development of resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) especially ofloxacin is a matter of concern, as they had been earlier recommended drugs for usage in the MDR-TB treatment regimens, and moxifloxacin and other quinolones are still on the list.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

acquires resistance to FQs mainly through mutations in the quinolone resistance determining regions (QRDRs) of the

gyrA

gene and less frequently in the

gyrB

gene. A literature search on the geographical distribution of ofloxacin resistance in TB shows that there is a mild surge in reporting of the resistance to ofloxacin in tuberculosis patients. …

Nutrition Insights In Covid-19, Harpreet Kour, Richa Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The COVID-19 is compromising individuals' immunity to a larger extent, it becomes imperative to strengthen and support the immune system with the right nutrition. Immune functioning can be improved through the right nutrition. Hence, adequate nutrition becomes paramount in leveling up the immune functioning through higher and wider Immunoglobulin generation. This review article is attempted to highlight the importance of nutrition during compromised immunity as in the case of COVID-19.

Covid-19 Is It Merely About The Third Wave, Madhav Prabhu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Encouraging Experiential Learning Throughout The Period Of Medical Training, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The learning which happens in the case of an adult learner, including the medical students occurs in a wide variety of ways and is influenced by multiple factors. Experiential learning, as the name suggests, refers to the learning process that occurs through experience, and can be better understood as the learning via reflection on doing. The basic concept of experiential learning is that it facilitates learning in terms of a direct experience of an individual student, which may occur within or beyond the classroom settings. An undergraduate medical student can get benefited from experiential learning right from the early stages …

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Oncology-Related Perceptions, Atin Singhai, Parul Jain, Ranjan Solanki

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Rare Clinical Presentation Of Umbilical Endometriosis, Aditi Shivcharan Agrawal, Tuhina Mishra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Primary umbilical endometriosis is a rare disorder accounting for 0.5%–1% of extragenital endometriosis. It is defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue within the umbilicus. Although it mostly presents as a typical cyclic umbilical discharge coincidental with a palpable mass, the diagnosis is often delayed due to its low prevalence and abnormal presentation, as in this case. The possibility of subcutaneous endometriosis should not be ruled out when an umbilical mass is detected, even if there is no history of previous surgery. Other differential diagnoses of umbilical mass include paraumbilical hernia, surgical scar (laparoscopy), primary umbilical tumor, granuloma, Sister …

Sick Sinus Syndrome And Hyperthyroidism A Rare Phenomenon, Nitesh Kumar, Diwakar Verma, Kapil Gupta, Madhu Kiran, Prakarti Yadav, Shatrughan Pareek

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Cardiovascular complications play a very crucial part in hyperthyroidism and increased mortality and morbidity risk. Besides tachyarrhythmia, impaired systolic ventricular dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction may cause thyrotoxic cardiomyopathy in a small percentage of the patients, as another high mortality complication. Bradycardia in hyperthyroidism is a rare phenomenon which is associated with the sinus node dysfunction, atrioventricular node dysfunction, and conduction disturbance, or due to the effect of the drugs, i.e. beta-blockers. A 70-year-old female patient was brought to the emergency department with the history of feeling dizziness, lightheadedness, and bradycardia. While waiting in emergency, she had an episode of syncope, …

An Unusual Case Of Phytobezoar Causing Gastric Outlet Obstruction, Aditi Shivcharan Agrawal, Tuhina Mishra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

A bezoar is defined as the accumulation of certain indigestible or poorly digestible substances in the gastrointestinal tract in the form of a mass, and when the bezoars consist of fruits and vegetables fibers, they are labeled as “phytobezoar.” Bezoars in the stomach are a rare condition and are often associated with episodes of gastric dysmotility and prior gastric surgery, though sometimes they can present without any significant history. Phytobezoars are difficult to diagnose due to its overlapping signs and episodic nature. however, in medical literature, the information about phytobezoars is insufficient due to the limited amount of documented cases, …

Photokeratitis Following Exposure To Germicidal Ultraviolet Lamps During The Covid Pandemic, Suprava Das, Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi, Deergha Pareek

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Twelve patients presented with symptoms of pain, redness, watering, and photophobia following exposure to germicidal ultraviolet (UV) lamp. Anterior segment examination showed varying degrees of ciliary congestion and superficial corneal punctate epithelial erosions in all patients. Diagnosis of post-UV photokeratitis was made. Patients were treated with topical antibiotics and artificial lubricating drops. All patients were symptom free 1 week following presentation. The use of standard protective gear and closely following manufacturer guidelines can prevent such complications.