Digital Commons Network^™

Dynamic Ris-Enabled Massive Mimo Noma Systems Power Allocation Optimization For 6g Using Machin Learning Approach, Mohamed Hassan, Khalid Hamid, Salah Hagahmoodi, Elmuntaser Hassan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

This study examines spectral efficiency (SE) and throughput throughout a spectrum of user densities (from 50 to 1000 users), user mobility speeds (0 to 350 km/h), latency, packet loss, and fairness index, within a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs). The analysis includes a number of different situations, such as (i) cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO), (ii) mMIMO cooperative NOMA integrated with cognitive radio (CR), and (iii) CR-assisted mMIMO cooperative NOMA enhanced with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS). All of these are part of 6G millimeter-wave (mmWave) networks. The study investigates the enhancement of latency, packet …

Harnessing Waste Heat From Solar Cells Using Advanced Energy Storage Systems, Hayder Ibrahim Ismael

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Renewable energy is largely produced by photovoltaic (PV) solar cells, but such a process is greatly impacted with thermal buildup as the solar cells work. Redundant heat not only lowers the level of electrical production, but also hastens deterioration and decreases the life-time of PV modules. In this study, we suggest a hybrid system which combines high-performance energy storage devices, namely, super-capacitors, and PV modules coupled with the use of waste heat as a source of useful energy and which increases efficiency of the system in conjunction. In order to estimate the potential amount of thermal energy recovery, as well …

Empirical Research Of A Greenhouse Monitoring And Controlling System Using Zigbee Protocol, Mohammed Hijazeh, Salah Hagahmoodi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Greenhouses are of great importance in the agricultural field as they provide the appropriate and important environment for the growth and production of various plants regardless of the surrounding environmental conditions. Monitoring and controlling these houses are considered necessary and important in order to provide the required environment and obtain the best production. Therefore, the aim of this project is to study the monitoring and control of these houses using wireless sensor networks, which are considered modern and simple methods due to the accuracy of work and little effort they provide, and thus better production. The study will be for …

The Impact Of Storage Duration And Elevated Temperature On The Biological And Chemical Characteristics Of Whole Milk Powder, Hussein Ali Shaghati, Rawia Mahmood Yousif, Asmaa Ali Awad

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

A total of 45 Whole milk powder(WMP) samples from the same brand and batch were collected and tested pre and post-storage under closed conditions at 45–50 °C. during 60, 90, 120, and 150-day intervals. For the chemical indicators of the WMP, there were no significant differences in the content of fat during the different storage intervals, as the fat value was 30.00–29.99%, while the protein percent was 23.23% and did not change significantly during the storage at 60, 90, 120, and 150 days respectively. On the other hand, significant differences occurred in the moisture content, where the moisture value ranged …

The Impact Of Smoking On The Health And Academic Level Of Male High School Students In Anbar, Esraa Abd Al-Karim Marouf

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Many studies have been conducted on the effects of smoking of all kinds on middle and high school students. Furthermore, smoking has recently become normal lifestyle for many university and school students (especially in the preparatory and secondary stages). Where smoking included tobacco cigarettes, e-hookah and hookahs of various types and flavors. As is well known, smoking has many negative effects on health, physical, psychological, cognitive, social and economic aspects. According to the World Health Organization, the use of tobacco leads to catastrophic effects on public health and it’s a direct cause of death for more than 7 million people …

Shohani Hormonal Guard (Shg): A Multifunctional Nutraceutical Approach To Treating Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Through Metabolic, Hormonal, And Anti-Inflammatory Pathways, Mohammed Mahdi Salman Ghadban

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine-metabolic disorder affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterized by ovarian dysfunction, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism, often accompanied by an overactive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. “Shohani Hormonal Guard” (SHG) is a nutraceutical formulation designed to target PCOS pathophysiology via multiple ingredients. We present a comprehensive review of SHG’s components – including inositols, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), berberine, ashwagandha, omega-3 fatty acids, and micronutrients (zinc, magnesium, vitamin B6, vitamin D3/K2, resveratrol, chromium, probiotics, etc.) – and their mechanistic roles and clinical benefits in PCOS. The literature demonstrates that SHG’s ingredients improve insulin sensitivity, modulate cortisol and …

Correlation Of Immunological Biomarkers And Severity Of Pneumonia In Pediatric Patients, Dhifaf Abdulrhaman, Mohammed B Hassan

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Among children under five, pneumonia stands as a major contributor to both illness and death, creating a significant challenge for global health efforts. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between radiological severity, clinical parameters (such as fever and oxygen saturation), and laboratory markers (including CRP levels, white blood cell count, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) in pediatric patients with pneumonia. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 51 hospitalized children with severe pneumonia admitted to Al Mansour Pediatric Hospital in Baghdad from July 2024 to February 2025. The results revealed a strong association between radiologic severity and clinical indicators, with higher …

The Role Of Regulatory T Cells In Ischemic Heart Disease Patients, Duha Alaa Hassan, Hayfaa Mahmood Fahad, Saad Fadhel Nassar

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) represent 5–10% of the total T cell population and are known as potent suppressors of the immune system. They are crucial for managing immune activation, ensuring peripheral tolerance, and supporting tissue repair and overall homeostasis. These cells are characterized by the expression of specific biomarkers, including CD4+, FOXP3+, and CD25+. While CD4 and CD25 were initially used for their identification, the discovery of CD25 on other T cell types led to a more precise evaluation of Tregs through the assessment of the intracellular Foxp3 transcription factor.

Objective: The primary goal of this study was to …

Expansion Of Hand Trauma Transfers At A Level 1 Trauma Center Following Integration With The Assh Hand Trauma Center Network, William Delahoussaye, Madeline Gautreaux, Patrick A. Palines, Ramin Shekouhi, Kelly L. Babineaux

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: This study sought to evaluate how joining the National Hand Trauma Center Network (NHTCN) affected the volume, demographics, and severity of hand trauma transfers to our institution. Methods: Data for this study were collected retrospectively over a 6-year period from 2016 to 2021 from our institutional trauma registry. Patients were selected based on the criterion of being transferred to our facility because of isolated hand trauma. Analyses of transfer rates, transfer distance, sending facilities, injury patterns, insurance type, path of care, and hospital charges prior to and after joining the NHTCN were performed. Results: There was a total of …

Radiological Insights Into Spina Bifida Occulta In Adults: Unveiling The Hidden Defect In The Lumbosacral Spine Of The Northern Indian Population At A Tertiary Care Centre, Binita Chaudhary, Ruchika Narayan, Prem Kumar, Bijaya N. Nayak, Padamjeet Panchal

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

Objectives: Spina bifida occulta (SBO) is a congenital spinal defect characterised by incomplete closure of the posterior neural arch. Despite its clinical relevance, discrepancies remain in the published literature. This study aimed to determine the distribution pattern and prevalence of SBO in the Northern Indian population using three-dimensional reconstructed specimens of the lumbosacral spine. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between March 2023 and November 2024 at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna, India. A total of 241 computed tomography (CT) scans of the spine from patients aged over 18 years were analysed. Three-dimensional images were reconstructed …

Disparities In Street Harassment Exposure And Mental Health Consequences: Elevated Risk For Marginalized Women, Sophia Shaiman, Kaitlin M. Boyle

Faculty Publications

Street harassment is a widespread harm that disproportionately affects women. While research suggests links between racial inequality, street harassment, and mental health outcomes, it is less understood how the severity of harassment experienced is shaped by their demographic characteristics, and how the severity of the harassment shapes mental health outcomes. Thus, we ask two questions. First, which demographic characteristics are associated with a greater risk of “complementary” and “hostile” forms of street harassment? Second, are complementary and hostile forms of street harassment both associated with higher levels of negative emotion, psychological distress, and post-traumatic maladaptive beliefs? To answer these questions, …

The Role Of Caregiver Emotion Regulation In Youth Mental Health During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Stephanie Gyuri Kim, Alexandra M. Rodman, Maya L. Rosen, Steven W. Kasparek, Makeda Mayes, Liliana J. Lengua, Andrew N. Meltzoff, Katie A. Mclaughlin

Neuroscience: Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented youth and families with a broad spectrum of unique stressors. Given that adolescents are at increased risk for mental health and emotional difficulties, it is critical to explore family processes that confer resilience for youth in the face of stress. The current study investigated caregiver emotion regulation (ER) as a familial factor contributing to youth ER and risk for psychopathology following stressful life events. In a longitudinal sample of 224 youth (Mage = 12.65 years) and their caregivers, we examined whether caregiver and youth engagement in ER strategies early in the pandemic mediated the associations …

Robotic Ureteral Reconstruction For Endometriosis-Induced Strictures: Insights From A Multi-Institutional Experience, Matthew Lee, Sonam Saxena, Kelley Zhao, Cameron Dodd, Randall Lee, Michael Stifelman, Lee Zhao, Daniel D. Eun

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: To investigate outcomes of robotic ureteral reconstruction (RUR) in female patients with ureteral strictures caused by peri-ureteral endometriosis lesions.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed our multi-institutional Collaborative of Reconstructive Robotic Ureteral Surgery (CORRUS) database to identify all consecutive patients undergoing RUR for surgical management of endometriosis-induced ureteral strictures between 2017 and 2022. Indications for surgery included female patients with radiographic evidence of ureteral strictures and/or decreasing renal function on renal scan. We performed a descriptives analysis of perioperative outcomes in patients who met inclusion criteria. Surgical success was defined as freedom from additional interventions for recurrent ureteral stenosis.

RESULTS: Overall, …

Benefits Of Intergenerational Programming In Occupational Therapy, Rachel Mitchell

Honors Theses

Occupational therapy helps clients work toward their meaningful occupational goals. Within this career, a person’s roles and habits are also addressed and taken into account when creating intervention plans. Many individuals live in a multi-generational home, living with others of different generations, or even interacting with them in their daily lives. Intergenerational programming is designed to bring people of different generations together. Whether the client lives with someone from a different generation, or sees them in their life, it is vital to have an understanding of each other. Areas that can be addressed include mental health, cultural identity, social isolation …

Designing An Efficient Deduplication Algorithm For Audio Files In Cloud Storage, Ammar Zakzouk, Alaa Al Sebae, Hasan Hasan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Data duplication is a significant challenge in large-scale data storage systems, as it consumes storage space and impacts data organization, management, and processing. An optimal storage system effectively utilizes available storage space. To solve this problem, hash algorithms are employed to generate hash keys for files. Matching files have the same hash key. However, the hash key for two different files in the data may match, and this is what we refer to as a collision. The collision issue is related to the length of the hash key. As the length of the hash key increases, the probability of a …

The Future Of Al-Driven Cybersecurity For Advanced Iot, Estqlal Hammad Dhahi, Sanaa Hammad Dhahi, Ohood Fadil Alwan

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Internet of Things technologies experience rapid advancement because of 5G networks and upcoming 6G technologies, which resulted in transformational changes to security dynamics. This study examines the functionality of artificial intelligence through platforms developed to secure Internet of Things systems. The demand for improved security capabilities has become essential because IoT devices generate new assault channels, and their market penetration speed is escalating. Machine learning algorithms, together with deep learning and natural language processing methods, are investigated in this paper for enhancing the security protocols of IoT systems through studies found in academic literature. The paper explores upcoming developments and …

Foundations Of Artificial Intelligence In Healthcare Diagnostics: A Systematic Survey, Raghad Tariq Al-Hassani

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming the cornerstone of the future of healthcare diagnostics, that has to ability to change the healthcare diagnostic landscape in terms of diagnostic accuracy, speed, and availability. This systematic review investigates the basic methods, tools, applications, and challenges involved in the integration of AI in diagnostic medicine. It emphasizes the using of machine learning models, deep learning networks (e.g., CNNs), NLP for clinical documentation, and smart computing infrastructures, such as edge device and IoMT. They are making possible real-time, data-driven decision making that is already at human-expert-level performance or, in some cases, even better (in the …

Secure Gif Files Based On Zuc Stream Cipher And Present Algorithm, Suhad Fakhri Hussein

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Some important security needs include authentication, confidentiality, integrity, non-repudiation, and user privacy. Many security systems include these required protections for information transmission. The encryption process is one of the most important security measures. Many secure encryption algorithms are based on different keys and key lengths to ensure a high degree of security. GIF file format is common file format that is used in several application, securing these files through transmission is imperative. In this paper, an efficient method for encryption GIF file is proposed based on using modified present algorithm, modified ZUC stream cipher, and an efficient method for key …

Advanced Strategies And Solutions Towards More Secure And Effective Two-Factor Authentication In Networking, Zahraa Sameer Jawad

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

With the rapid increase in cybersecurity threats targeting network systems, traditional two-factor authentication (2FA) methods are insufficient to address advanced attacks. Vulnerabilities such as phishing, SIM-swapping, and social engineering exploit the limitations of SMS-based and email-based 2FA. This paper examines advanced strategies and solutions for securing networked environments through robust 2FA mechanisms, focusing on approaches like elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), digital certificates, and biometric verification. This article offers a comparative review of various strategies about their effectiveness in enhancing security, while also highlighting their capacity to optimize user-friendliness and adaptability to emerging threats. Research findings promote an effective countermeasure strategy …

Advancements In Ultrasound Technology And Iot Security: A Physics-Based Approach To Enhanced Imaging With Lightweight Encryption Algorithms, Noor Fawzi Shafiq

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The rapid advancements in ultrasound technology, coupled with the growing significance of IoT security, present a unique opportunity to enhance imaging systems while ensuring data integrity. This study explores the integration of physics-based principles in ultrasound imaging, focusing on how lightweight encryption algorithms can secure data transmitted from IoT devices.Ultrasound technology has evolved significantly, benefiting from improved imaging techniques and the incorporation of IoT devices. As these devices proliferate across various applications, including healthcare and industrial monitoring, the need for secure data transmission becomes paramount. This paper proposes a framework that combines advanced ultrasound imaging with robust lightweight encryption methods …

Enhancing Automated Lung Disease Detection From Chest Radiography: An Interpretable Deep Learning Approach With Integrated Preprocessing And Ensemble Modeling, Ahmed Mohammed Abdulkarem, Jamal Kamil K. Abbas, Qamar Ali Abdulridha

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

In this study, we tackled the problem of early pulmonary disease detection in chest radiography by developing and evaluating a sophisticated deep learning framework. Our goal was to improve diagnostic precision for conditions like cancer and pneumonia. To do this, we combined insights from current literature with a rigorous experimental protocol using a 5,000-image sample from the well-known NIH Chest X-ray dataset. A core component of our work was the implementation of a multi-stage preprocessing pipeline, featuring both lung segmentation and targeted contrast enhancement, designed to focus the model’s attention on relevant clinical features.

We assessed our models, which were …

Nanoseal-X: A Theoretical Design For A Phase-Aligned Multifunctional Wound Dressing Based On Chitosan–Ha–Nanoparticle Composite, Mohammed Mahdi Salman Ghadban

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Chronic wounds pose major clinical and economic challenges, especially in patients with comorbidities or impaired healing responses. This study presents NanoSeal-X™, a bioinspired multifunctional wound dressing engineered to address distinct biological demands at each phase of healing. The theoretical construct integrates a dual-layer matrix: a hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel embedded with silver nanoparticles, amoxicillin, and lidocaine, supported by a chitosan-based scaffold. Each component is strategically selected to provide hemostasis, infection control, tissue regeneration, and pain relief. This work presents a theoretical design framework to guide the development of multifunctional wound dressings. NanoSeal-X™ integrates pharmacological and bioactive components aligned with distinct healing …

Therapeutic Potential Of Sh-Hp (His-D-Trp-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys) In Helicobacter Pylori Infection And Acute Gastric Intoxication, Mohammed Mahdi Salman Ghadban

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Helicobacter pylori is a highly prevalent gastric pathogen (colonizing ∼50% of people worldwide) that causes chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, MALT lymphoma, and gastric cancer. Rising antibiotic resistance (e.g. >15% clarithromycin resistance) has compromised standard eradication regimens, necessitating novel therapies. SH-HP (His-D-Trp-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys) is a synthetic hexapeptide analogue of the endogenous hormone ghrelin/GHRP-6, originally developed as a growth hormone secretagogue. Preclinical studies reveal that SH-HP/GHRP-6 has potent gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects: it prevents stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions and mitigates multiorgan damage in ischemia/reperfusion models. Given that ghrelin receptor signaling plays a key role in gut mucosal defense (via nitric oxide and …

The Impact Of Refractive Errors Instability On The Life Quality Of The Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, Farah Fareed Tarik, Rasha Taha Yassen

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The present work aims to study the refractive error instability effects on life quality among type 2 diabetic patients and to understand the issues in people with refractive error. The cross-sectional study was conducted among patients of Ghazi Al-Hariri Hospital and Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital from 1/11/2023 to 1/3/2024. A slit lamp, E chart, lensometer, OCT, trial case, and some tests were performed. One copy of the questionnaire was completed for each subject out of 100 diabetic patients. The present study included (48%) male and (52%) female who were diagnosed as type II diabetic patients. The results show that (89%) of …

Cecum Lymphoma After Renal Transplant (Case Report), Ahmed Saeed Hamad

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Renal transplantation is a life-saving procedure for patients with end-stage renal disease, but it raises a risk for lymphoma.

Case Presentation: A 52-year-old male presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, and abdominal distention 13 years after being transplanted. Imaging and histopathological examination revealed intestinal lymphoma.

Discussion: This case, because the patient was schronically cytologically immunosuppressed and simply presented with non-specific signs and symptoms with respect to the abdomen, serves to emphasize the importance of recognizing malignancies in immunocompromised patients.

Conclusion: The case was employed by the authors to primarily emphasize the requirement for early diagnosis and proper handling of intestinal …

Assessment Study Of The Amblyopia And Its Treatment By Physical Exercises In Baghdad Hospital, Wasen Abbas Jawad, Zina Tariq Ali, Ruaa Saad Abdualhussin

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The study aimed to assess the effects of physical exercises on patients with amblyopia with age ranges from 2 to 45 years old. This is study involves forty (40) patients, nineteen(19) males and twenty one (21) females with age ranges from (2_45) years old. All patients in our study diagnosed by visual acuity (VA) test for both right and left eyes (without glasses and with glasses), then the patients submitted to study questionnaire (Date of amblyopia diagnosis), is there any previous treatment? What type of exercises (Patching, ocular motility and others) they have? The patients examined by Visual acuity (VA), …

Artificial Intelligence Approaches To Mitigating Network Congestion In Iot Systems, Aysar Hadi Oleiwi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The unprecedented explosion of Internet of Things (IOT) devices has elevated the requirements of the network infrastructures to unprecedented levels, causing severe congestion problems, especially in applications which demand low latency, high throughput, and real-time feedback. Static routing protocols, AQM, and TCP variants are some of the traditional mechanisms for congestion control that are unable to perform efficiently in dynamic and diverse IoT environments as they are reactive-based and inflexible. To this end, in this paper, we explore the promising ability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods such as Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL), Reinforcement Learning (RL), and their combination …

Groundwater Quality Analyses For Irrigation Purposes In Salah Al-Din, Iraq: A Review, Noor A. Radhi, Dawood E. Sachit, Abdul-Sahib T. Al-Madhhachi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The focus of this study is the effect of the physical and chemical characteristics of groundwaters on plants and agricultural crops, following the last studies on this matter. The results underscore the necessity for groundwater treatment before its utilization in irrigation for sustainable agricultural farming. It is also possible to identify which crop type can be grown in well-watered land, according to the characteristics of irrigation water and the yield of each crop. The study also introduces some ideas about irrigation water quality parameters such as Electrical conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, Chloride (Cl^–), Sodium (Na …

Examining Iot-Enhanced For Current Developments In Face Image Authentication (Fia) Methods And Their Drawbacks, Marwa Jamal Hadi, Emaan Ouudha Oraby

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The quick development of IoT and facial image manipulation (FIM) algorithms, as well as the growth of their user-friendly applications, highlight the pressing need for manipulation detection methods. These techniques need to demonstrate how face photos have been altered and validate their legitimacy. The scientific community has recently taken notice of the phrase “DeepFakes” and methods for detecting them. Take note of the latest methods for identifying watermark-based face image modification as well. The important thing to remember is that every one of these methods has its own set of drawbacks. This study provides a brief introduction to face image …

A Nurse-Led Investigation Of Chaplain Visits In Advanced Heart Failure Care: Exploring Spiritual And Physiological Health Dimensions, William Fyler, Joan Carr Myers

MaineHealth Maine Medical Center

No abstract provided.