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Aelj Panel: Balancing Free Speech And National Security In The Digital Age, Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal (Aelj)

2025–2026 Flyers

No abstract provided.

Metadata For Storytelling: Exploring The Collections As Data Model, Emily Baldoni, Angela Yon, Maddi Loiselle

Faculty and Staff Publications – Milner Library

This article describes a case study in which a small metadata team at Illinois State University Milner Library produced a digital humanities project supporting Collections as Data (CAD) and linked data principles. Despite initial sparse descriptive content, the team recognized great potential for experimentation in a significant World War I archival collection to highlight lesser-known stories, including those of the Pioneer Infantry, women, and noncombatants. Discussion focuses on the strategic approaches in creating granular but scalable metadata for the large digital collection, and application of the data with various tools such as ArcGIS and Wikidata to construct interactive data visualizations, …

Ndls Communicator: Week Of 03.16.26, Notre Dame Law School

NDLS Communicator

The Latest News

• U.S. Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas Reflects on Law, Faith, and Judicial Responsibility at Notre Dame Law School
• Notre Dame Law School Delegation Visits Insper in São Paulo, Brazil for Joint Faculty Workshop and Scholarly Exchange
• Notre Dame Law School continues exchange partnership with Ukrainian Catholic University

Alumni News

• Kyle Sommer '09 J.D.

Student News

• J.S.D. candidate Perla Khattar

Faculty Briefs

• Ashley Sanchez
• Derek Muller
• Emily Bremer
• Paul Miller
• Brett Cavanaugh
• Paolo Carozza
• Jimmy Gurulé
• Mary Ellen O'Connell
• A.J. Bellia
• Patrick Corrigan
• Daniel Slate & Paolo Carozza
• Vincent Phillip Muñoz
• Lloyd Mayer

ND Law in the News …

2026 Clinical Practice Guideline Update By The Infectious Diseases Society Of America And The Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society On The Management Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia In Infants And Children Older Than 3 Months Of Age: The Use Of Chest Ultrasound In Children With Parapneumonic Effusion, Shawn D St Peter, Krow Ampofo, Thomas Brogan, Michael D Cabana, Claudia Espinosa, Todd A Florin, Jeffrey S Gerber, Michelle Gill, Debra L Palazzi, Mark Sawyer, Angela M Statile, Derek J Williams, Sheena Patel, Samir S Shah, Mark I Neuman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This paper is part of a larger clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis and management of parapneumonic effusion and empyema in children, developed by the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. In this paper, the panel provides recommendations for the role of chest ultrasound to evaluate parapneumonic effusion and empyema. The panel's recommendations are based upon evidence derived from systematic literature reviews and adhere to a standardized methodology for rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendation according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.

2026 Clinical Practice Guideline Update By The Infectious Diseases Society Of America And The Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society On The Management Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia In Infants And Children Older Than 3 Months Of Age: The Use Of Pleural Fluid Drainage Versus Observation, Shawn D St Peter, Krow Ampofo, Thomas Brogan, Michael D Cabana, Claudia Espinosa, Todd A Florin, Jeffrey S Gerber, Michelle Gill, Debra L Palazzi, Mark Sawyer, Angela M Statile, Derek J Williams, Sheena Patel, Mark I Neuman, Samir S Shah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

This paper is part of a larger clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis and management of parapneumonic effusion and empyema in children, developed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. In this paper, the panel provides recommendations for pleural fluid drainage in children (3 months to 18 years) with parapneumonic effusion and empyema. The panel's recommendations are based upon evidence derived from systematic literature reviews and adhere to a standardized methodology for rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendation according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.

Clinical Practice Guideline By The Infectious Diseases Society Of America And The Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society: 2026 Guideline Update On The Management Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia In Infants And Children Older Than 3 Months Of Age, Shawn D St Peter, Krow Ampofo, Thomas Brogan, Michael D Cabana, Claudia Espinosa, Todd A Florin, Jeffrey S Gerber, Michelle Gill, Debra L Palazzi, Mark Sawyer, Angela M Statile, Derek J Williams, Sheena Patel, Mark I Neuman, Samir S Shah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

As the first part of an update to the clinical practice guideline on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children older than 3 months of age, we present six updated recommendations. The updated recommendations span the characterization and management of pneumonia with parapneumonic effusion. The panel's recommendations are based on evidence derived from systematic literature reviews and adhere to a standardized methodology for rating the certainty of evidence and strength of recommendation according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach.

The Prospects Of Car T-Cell Therapies In Changing The Therapeutic Algorithm Of Neurologic Autoimmunities, Marinos C. Dalakas

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

T cells, genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR T), successfully used in hemato-oncologic malignancies, are showing promising and sustained benefits in refractory autoimmune neurological diseases, including Myasthenia Gravis, stiff-person syndrome, neuromyelitis optica, myositis, autoimmune neuropathies, and multiple sclerosis. Several reported patients with a steadily progressive disease and evolving disability unresponsive to available therapies, including rituximab and new biologics, after 2-3 months of treatment with CARs targeting CD19-positive, antibody-secreting, long-lived plasma cells, and plasmablasts exhibit impressive, long-lasting, and drug-free clinical improvements with the potential for immune reset shifting immunity to a healthy state without the need for continuing more …

Effect Of Al Content On Microstructure, Microhardness And Corrosion Resistance Of Spark Plasma Sintered Ticunisi-Al High Entropy Alloy, Basiru Philip Aramide, Tamba Jamiru, Taoreed Adesola Adegbola, Thomas Ayorinde, Fatai Olufemi Aramide, Abimbola Patricia Idowu Popoola

Engineering and Technology Journal

Aluminum-based high-entropy alloys have been of interest owing to their potential for improved mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. In this research, TiCuNiSi_xAl high-entropy alloys (x = 0.5–1.7 at.%) were synthesized using spark plasma sintering at a temperature of 600 °C and a pressure of 40 MPa to examine the effects of incremental aluminum addition on the densification behavior, microstructure, microhardness, and corrosion resistance in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ solution. With the increase in Al content, there was an acceleration of the transition from porous, weakly bonded microstructures to more compact multiphase microstructures, resulting in an improvement …

Extraction And Application Of Biopolymer (Chitosan) From The Waste Of Iraqi Agricultural Crop (Mushroom), Ruaa A. Salman, Wisam K. Hamdan, Hussain A. Jaber

Engineering and Technology Journal

The current work extracted the chitosan from the waste of mushroom crops for the first time in Iraq. The chemical process was adopted for demineralization with 2M HCl, deproteinization with 2M NaOH, and decolorization. Also, the refluxing process with 60% NaOH for chitin was applied. The XRD result shows two peaks around 2θ =10° and 20°, indicating the ordered crystalline structure of chitosan. The FT-IR spectrum showed specific bands of chitosan at 3327.97, 2918.71, and 1645.95 cm^-1. Also, the FE-SEM results show a smooth, dense, and non-porous surface. The viability results on white blood cells (WBCs) show the …

Effect Of Forming Angle On Hardness And Thinning Ratio Of Similar And Dissimilar Butt-Welded Joints In Spif, Abbas A. Hussein, Ali H. Al-Helli, Ayad M. Takhakh

Engineering and Technology Journal

The welding of different Aluminum sheets are useful in applications like fan blades, chemical equipment, and naval structures where different regions of a part have different requirements. One of the most famous ways to weld aluminum sheets was friction stir welding method which is difficult to control due to its many variables; so, the novelty of this work is to weld the aluminum sheets by laser technique which distinguishes by speed and ease of implementation and then forming the welded sheets by single point incremental forming Which has not been addressed by any study so far. The aim of …

Experimental And Statistical Optimization Of Engineered Cementitious Composites For Underwater Concrete, Zainab M. Al-Selmi, Basil S. Al-Shathr

Engineering and Technology Journal

The performance of concrete placed in underwater environments is often compromised by washout, reduced workability, and inadequate mechanical properties, while the application of engineered cementitious composites under underwater casting conditions has not yet been systematically investigated. This study addresses this research gap through an experimental and statistical evaluation of engineered cementitious composites for underwater concrete, focusing on the combined effects of anti-washout admixture and polyvinyl alcohol fibers. Six mixtures were tested under submerged conditions with anti-washout admixture dosages ranging from 0.7% to 1.1% and fiber contents between 1.5% and 1.75%. The experimental program evaluated fresh-state properties, including slump flow and …

Exploring The Interplay Of Plastic Hinge Behavior And Soil-Structure Interaction In Frame Structures: Analytical Study, Mouhammed J. Lafta, Mohammed J. Hamood, Qais A. Hasan, Mohammed Y. Fattah

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper presents a critical synthesis of research on the combined influence of plastic hinge behavior and soil–structure interaction (SSI) on the seismic response of frame structures. Unlike prior reviews that treat these topics separately, the study integrates experimental and numerical evidence to identify how SSI alters hinge formation, drift demand, and energy dissipation, and how hinge modeling assumptions affect soil–foundation response. The reviewed literature (2010–2022) shows a clear growth in publications over time and a dominant reliance on analytical and numerical investigations relative to purely experimental work. A quantitative categorization of the surveyed studies indicates that modeling-focused approaches represent …

Behavior Of Short Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected To Eccentric Preloading Under Fire Exposure, Mohanad Wisam Mousa, Sarmad Shafeeq Abdulqader, Ahlam Sader Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study investigates the fire resistance behavior of square reinforced concrete (RC) columns subjected to a standard ASTM E119 cellulosic fire while carrying a sustained eccentric axial load. Twelve laboratory-scale RC columns were experimentally tested and classified into two groups based on loading eccentricity: Group A with an eccentricity of 45 mm and Group B with an eccentricity of 90 mm. Ten specimens were exposed to fire at target temperatures of 500°C and 700°C for exposure durations of 60 and 120 minutes, while two columns were tested as unexposed reference specimens. Two post-fire cooling methods were considered, namely gradual air …

Domain-Specific Conversational Recommendation With Lightweight Llms And Knowledge Retrieval: A Case Study In Cryptography, Ahmed M. Ahmed, Ahmed T. Sadiq, Alaa K. Farhan

Engineering and Technology Journal

When choosing a cryptographic block cipher, several factors must be considered, including security, performance, implementation feasibility, and application environment. However, such choices should often be made with professional expertise. The paper shows a domain-specific conversational recommendation system, which consists of a lightweight Large Language Model (Llama 3.2-1B) fine-tuned using Quantized Low-Rank Adaptation (QLoRA) and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) based on a structured knowledge base of block-cipher properties. During inference, the user query (with requirements) is embedded using all-MiniLM-L6-v2 and used to retrieve the most relevant cipher entries from a FAISS index, which is built offline by using the structured knowledge base. …

Fulfilling Higher Education’S Responsibility To Students And Democracy In A Challenging Political Environment, Abraham Goldberg, Dena Pastor, Kayla Dixon

International Journal on Responsibility

The American Association of Colleges and Universities and more than 70 higher education organizations have expressed their shared commitment to making civic inquiry and democratic engagement central to undergraduate education. A framework emphasizing the development of skills to address public issues through courses and practical experiences accompanied their prominent call. Yet, campuses currently are facing increases in educational gag orders and institutional policies aimed at limiting discussion of DEI topics and political protests. Although attacks on free speech would seem to conflict with efforts to prepare students for democracy, there has been little scholarly attention on what students know about …

From Mods To Multiplayer: Strategies For Protecting The Video Game Industry From Section 230 Reform, Sophia Simeoni

Florida Entertainment and Sports Law Review

Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act of 1996 has long shielded online platforms from liability for the actions of their users. As calls for its repeal or reform grow louder across the political spectrum, debate has largely centered on social media; however, the video game industry—a significant yet often-overlooked stakeholder in this discourse—also depends heavily on Section 230 protections. From multiplayer servers to online platforms such as Steam, Twitch, and Discord, this Note examines the crucial role Section 230 plays in sustaining the video game ecosystem. It argues that repealing or significantly reforming Section 230 without accounting for the …

The Fair Use Doctrine In Contemporary Journalism, Carly Ryan

Florida Entertainment and Sports Law Review

Although section 107 of the Copyright Act specifies that “news reporting” is one of the uses of a copyrighted work that may be fair, the current application of the fair use doctrine poses unique difficulties for journalism defendants. This Article argues for several changes in fair use analysis to make the doctrine flexible for journalism defendants. This Article also argues that these changes are necessary to keep the Copyright Act in balance with the First Amendment.

Career Spotlight: Jeff Bacon, Jeff Bacon

Florida Entertainment and Sports Law Review

An interview with Jeff Bacon, J.D. He is the Commissioner of the Atlantic Sun Conference (ASUN), a role he assumed in 2023 after nearly two decades with the Mid-American Conference (MAC). At the MAC, Bacon held various leadership positions, including Deputy Commissioner and Chief Operating Officer, overseeing football operations, championship events, external relations, and strategic planning.

Seasonal Dynamics And Trends Of Environmental Conditions In Lake Louise, Georgia, Daniel Kwawuvi, James A. Nienow

Georgia Journal of Science

Lakes are important aquatic ecosystems that are extensively influenced by seasonal variations. In this study we investigate the seasonal dynamics and trends of three environmental variables, water temperature, conductivity and dissolved oxygen (DO), in Lake Louise, a sinkhole lake located in southern Georgia. These variables were measured in-situ along a depth profile from January 27, 2024 to January 17, 2025. We also accessed archived data from field campaigns in 2003, 2004, and 2017 in order to test whether a recent increase in the number of hurricanes impacting the region, five since August, 2017, may have significantly altered the seasonal dynamics …

Revisiting A Service-Learning Component In Aac Coursework: Design, Logistics, And Practical Challenges, Juhi Kidwai, Mohammad Al Rjoob, Maria Claudia Franca, Valerie E. Boyer

Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders

This scholarly teaching manuscript describes the design, implementation, and challenges of integrating a service-learning component into a graduate-level augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) course within a Communication Disorders and Sciences (CDS) program. The project sought to bridge academic instruction with real-world application while addressing unmet service needs in local schools. The 16-week course was divided into an eight-week didactic phase followed by an eight-week field-based practicum. Graduate students were paired with school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in a rural, midwestern special education cooperative district, to support children using AAC. Implementation included a pre-semester needs assessment, collaborative student–SLP matching, structured orientation, weekly …

From Answers To Understanding: Bridging The Gap Between Multiple-Choice And Open-Ended Questions, Kathleen A. Siren

Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders

Assessment is central to effective teaching, and the structure of exam questions significantly influences both learning and instruction. Multiple-choice (MCQ) and short-answer (SAQ) questions are widely used and frequently studied, each offering distinct advantages and limitations for formative and summative assessment. This study examined a modified multiple-choice format, multiple-choice questions with explanation (MCQwE), for which students selected an answer and briefly explained their reasoning. Designed to combine the efficiency of MCQs with the diagnostic value of open-ended responses, MCQwE were implemented in an undergraduate speech science course and compared to traditional MCQs and SAQs in terms of student performance. Findings …

Teaching Through Disruption: Trauma-Informed, Community-Engaged Learning In A Graduate Csd Course, Teresa L. Boggs

Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders

This article explores how a graduate course in communication sciences and disorders (CSD) was rapidly redesigned in response to a natural disaster to integrate trauma-informed and community-engaged learning. Following Hurricane Helene’s impact on Appalachian communities, a standard literature review assignment was transformed into a collaborative project where students created low-cost, developmentally appropriate language-learning kits for young children affected by the storm. Grounded in adult learning theory, trauma-responsive pedagogy, and high-impact educational practices, the revised course structure enabled students to apply clinical knowledge in real time while supporting families in crisis. Outcomes included increased student engagement, empathy, and professional competency. The …

Teaching Students To Identify And Adjust Linguistic Bias In Speech-Language Pathology Clinical Writing, Ann K. Holland, Mary Riotte, Abby "Po Jung" Lee, Angela Ayre, Sarah Friel, Mirza J. Lugo-Neris, Laura L. Wolford

Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders

Biased and stigmatizing language is pervasive in healthcare records and has negative effects on clients’ care. While some research has studied how medical students may be taught to reduce stigmatizing language in their writing, the impacts of such trainings on clinical writing are rarely directly assessed, and little has been done to address this problem in speech-language pathology (SLP). This study assessed how a training module on biased language in clinical writing impacted SLP masters students’ ability to identify and correct stigmatizing language in a clinical report. Across two years, 120 students took part in this module. During the second …

A Brief Case Report About Mentored Self-Reflection In A Communication Disorders Survey Course, Paul W. Cascella

Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders

This report describes and analyzes a 4 ½ hour experiential learning module for entry-level undergraduates majoring in communication sciences and disorders. The module emphasizes the importance of self-reflection to future audiologists and speech-language pathologists. It illustrates the curriculum planning process (i.e., content and self-rating tools) and introduces a mentored forum grounded in personalized and constructivist learning to foster three outcomes; foundational knowledge, caring, and the human dimension (Fink, 2021; 2001). As a result, students stated they learned about why self-reflection matters and how their own dispositions could be aligned with the professions’ expectations. Students found the activities engaging, interesting, and …

Numerical Simulations For Determining Resistance, Trim, And Sinkage Characteristics Of A Tugboat, Utku Cem Karabulut

Seatific Journal

A detailed numerical investigation of the calm-water hydrodynamic performance of an azimuth stern drive (ASD) tugboat is presented. Unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) simulations are performed to predict the total resistance, trim, and sinkage over a wide range of Froude numbers at model scale. The free-surface flow is captured using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method with a high-resolution interface capturing scheme, while turbulence effects are modeled using the SST k–ω formulation. To account for dynamic hull response, the vessel is allowed to move freely in heave and pitch through a Dynamic Fluid Body Interaction (DFBI) approach. A systematic mesh and …

Sheikh ḤIlu: The Late Ottoman Ceramic Assemblage, Anna De Vincenz

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

A small assemblage of ceramic artifacts, dating to the late Ottoman period, was recovered from excavations at Sheikh Ḥilu. The assemblage is typical of the period, including locally produced vessels made of Black Gaza Ware and other coarse wares, as well as a few items of imported glazed tableware. The ceramic smoking pipes, characteristic of the Ottoman period, span from the seventeenth to the early twentieth century and could have been made locally or imported from one of the many pipe-making workshops in the Ottoman Empire.

Sheikh Ḥilu: The Medieval Pottery Assemblage, Elisabeth Yehuda

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

This article examines the pottery assemblage unearthed during the excavations at Sheikh Ḥilu. It comprises a variety of local and imported vessels, including unglazed and glazed bowls, frying pans, cooking pots and jugs. These vessels range in date from the twelfth century to the early Mamluk period but converge during the thirteenth century, thus testifying to a settlement at Sheikh Ḥilu during the late Crusader period.

Sheikh Ḥilu: A Crusader Structure And Additional Remains From The Iron Age And Late Ottoman Period, Yoav Arbel, ‘Abed A-Salam Sa‘Id

Qadum: Journal of Excavation Reports from Israel

Excavations at the site of Sheikh Ḥilu in Ḥadera revealed the remains of a possible manor house or farm dating from the Crusader period. The partially exposed two-phase complex is a rare example of a settlement from this period in the Sharon plain. Careful planning and relatively high construction quality attest to its significance; however, apart from its solid architecture, there is no evidence of fortification. The site underwent a non-violent abandonment at the end of the Crusader period, after which it was temporarily settled by squatters. In the late Ottoman period and the early twentieth century, this was the …

Online Recruitment For Interview Participants Impacted By The Criminal Legal System, Sarah Lageson, Carolina R. Caliman, Elsa Chen, Ericka Adams

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"As technology has altered communication, qualitative criminologists have turned to digital spaces for a cost-effective approach to recruit participants who have been impacted by the criminal legal system. This paper analyzes the limits and benefits of online recruitment, detailing our experience recruiting 93 interviewees online for a qualitative study of criminal record expungement. We compare three approaches: social media advertisements, Amazon’s crowdsourced MTurk platform, and the opt-in survey platform Prolific, and analyze the financial and labor costs associated with each. We detail our experience individually screening 685 interested participants to obtain 86 qualitative interviews suitable for analysis. Our experience shows …

Fragmented Responses: Variability In Law Enforcement And Prosecutorial Approaches To Sexual Assault Cases, Veronica Gonzalez

Qualitative Criminology (QC)

"Sexual assault (SA) remains a pervasive issue in the United States, marked by low reporting rates, inconsistent investigations, and limited convictions. In response, researchers and practitioners have promoted a range of best practices aimed at improving law enforcement and prosecutorial responses. This qualitative study draws on interviews with 13 law enforcement agencies and 12 prosecutors' offices to explore how recommended practices—such as victim advocacy, specialized units, interagency collaboration, and case reviews—are interpreted and operationalized in the field. Findings reveal substantial variability, shaped not only by resource availability but also by leadership priorities, organizational culture, and the ambiguity of guidance documents. …