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Articles 277621 - 277650 of 1740930
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Heritability Of Nervous System Tumors: A Sibling-Based Design, Giorgio Tettamanti, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Catharina Lavebratt, Mats Talbäck, Alexander Viktorin, Michael E Scheurer, Maria Feychting, Maral Adel Fahmideh
Heritability Of Nervous System Tumors: A Sibling-Based Design, Giorgio Tettamanti, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Catharina Lavebratt, Mats Talbäck, Alexander Viktorin, Michael E Scheurer, Maria Feychting, Maral Adel Fahmideh
Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications
Background: The contribution of genetic and environmental factors to susceptibility to nervous system tumors remains unclear. We performed a quantitative genetic study using a sibling design to estimate the heritability of nervous system tumors, as well as the proportion of the risk of these tumors, which is attributable to environmental factors.
Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study using Swedish National Register data. All individuals born in Sweden during 1950-2010 with available information on both biological parents were included. A Multi-Generation Register was used to identify family clusters, including both full- and half-siblings. Initially, one index person was randomly selected …
Renewed Calls For Abortion-Related Research In The Post-Roe Era, Sophie L Schott, April Adams, Ryan J Dougherty, Taylor Montgomery, Folasade C Lapite, Faith E Fletcher
Renewed Calls For Abortion-Related Research In The Post-Roe Era, Sophie L Schott, April Adams, Ryan J Dougherty, Taylor Montgomery, Folasade C Lapite, Faith E Fletcher
Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications
Nearly 50 years after Roe versus Wade, the United States Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs versus Jackson Women's Health Organization unraveled the constitutional right to abortion, allowing individual states to severely restrict or ban the procedure. In response, leading medical, public health, and community organizations have renewed calls for research to elucidate and address the burgeoning social and medical consequences of new abortion restrictions. Abortion research not only includes studies that establish the safety, quality, and efficacy of evidence-based abortion care protocols, but also encompasses studies on the availability of abortion care, the consequences of being denied an abortion, and …
The Potential Of Ketamine For Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Review Of Clinical Evidence, Anya Ragnhildstveit, Jeremy Roscoe, Lisa C Bass, Christopher L Averill, Chadi G Abdallah, Lynnette A Averill
The Potential Of Ketamine For Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Review Of Clinical Evidence, Anya Ragnhildstveit, Jeremy Roscoe, Lisa C Bass, Christopher L Averill, Chadi G Abdallah, Lynnette A Averill
Staff and Researcher Publications
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a devastating condition, for which there are few pharmacological agents, often with a delayed onset of action and poor efficacy. Trauma-focused psychotherapies are further limited by few trained providers and low patient engagement. This frequently results in disease chronicity as well as psychiatric and medical comorbidity, with considerable negative impact on quality of life. As such, off-label interventions are commonly used for PTSD, particularly in chronic refractory cases. Ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NDMA) receptor antagonist, has recently been indicated for major depression, exhibiting rapid and robust antidepressant effects. It also shows transdiagnostic potential for an …
Dual-Task Upper Extremity Motor Performance Measured By Video Processing As Cognitive-Motor Markers For Older Adults, Changhong Wang, Mohsen Zahiri, Ashkan Vaziri, Bijan Najafi
Dual-Task Upper Extremity Motor Performance Measured By Video Processing As Cognitive-Motor Markers For Older Adults, Changhong Wang, Mohsen Zahiri, Ashkan Vaziri, Bijan Najafi
Center on Aging Staff Publications
Introduction: The use of dual-task model such as dual-task gait has been extensively studied to assess cognitive-motor performance among older adults. However, space restriction and safety factor limit its applications in remote assessment. To address the gap, we propose a video processing-based approach to remotely quantify cognitive-motor performance using a 20-s repetitive elbow flexion-extension test with dual-task condition, called video-based motoric-cognitive meter (MCM).
Methods: Eighteen older participants (age: 78.6 ± 6.5 years) who were clinically diagnosed as having either mild cognitive impairment or dementia were included in this study. Participants were asked to perform 20-s repetitive elbow flexion-extension exercise with …
Mitral Valve Surgery In Patients With An Implanted Amplatzer Septal Occluder: A Review Of 2 Cases, Ufuk Sayar, Nurel Ertürk
Mitral Valve Surgery In Patients With An Implanted Amplatzer Septal Occluder: A Review Of 2 Cases, Ufuk Sayar, Nurel Ertürk
The Texas Heart Institute Journal
Surgical approaches for mitral valve exploration vary, with the preferred approach being via the interatrial groove. Data on whether the interatrial groove approach can be used for mitral valve surgery in patients with a previously implanted Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) (St Jude Medical, an Abbott company) are extremely limited. The authors performed mitral valve surgery using the transatrial septal approach on 2 patients following explantation of an ASO, which significantly impedes the interatrial groove approach. Concomitant surgical procedures with mitral valve replacement, removal of the ASO, and closure of an atrial septal defect with a patch significantly prolonged the cross-clamp …
The Texas Heart Institute Journal At 50 Years: Upholding Our Vision, Zvonimir Krajcer
The Texas Heart Institute Journal At 50 Years: Upholding Our Vision, Zvonimir Krajcer
The Texas Heart Institute Journal
No abstract provided.
Cannabis Use Disorder, Suicide Attempts, And Self-Harm Among Adolescents: A National Inpatient Study Across The United States, Edore Onigu-Otite
Cannabis Use Disorder, Suicide Attempts, And Self-Harm Among Adolescents: A National Inpatient Study Across The United States, Edore Onigu-Otite
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Background: Suicide is among the top three causes of adolescent mortality. There is a scarcity of research examining cannabis use and suicidal behavior in adolescents.
Objectives: To determine the association between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and suicide attempt/self-harm in a hospitalized sample of adolescents.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observation study using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample collected over four years from January 1, 2016, through December 31, 2019. We included adolescents aged 10-19 hospitalized during the above period (N = 807,105). The primary outcome was suicide attempt/self-harm and the main predictor was CUD. The International Classification of Diseases …
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulation Timing In The Pediatric Myocarditis Population: An Exploratory Analysis From The Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry, Susan W Denfield, Shriprasad R Deshpande, Satish K Rajagopal, Ravi R Thiagarajan, Peta M A Alexander, Javier J Lasa
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulation Timing In The Pediatric Myocarditis Population: An Exploratory Analysis From The Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry, Susan W Denfield, Shriprasad R Deshpande, Satish K Rajagopal, Ravi R Thiagarajan, Peta M A Alexander, Javier J Lasa
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Children presenting with acute myocarditis may experience rapid clinical deterioration requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO); however, our understanding of best practices and timing of ECMO initiation are lacking. We explored the relationships between pre-cannulation factors and survival in this high-acuity patient population.
DESIGN: Retrospective review of a large international registry. Primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge, stratified by incident cardiac arrest (CA) prior to ECMO and time to cannulation after intubation.
SETTING AND SUBJECTS: The Extracorporeal Life Support Organization registry was queried for patients less than or equal to 18 years old receiving ECMO support for myocarditis between 2007 …
Rapid Response Events With Multiple Triggers Are Associated With Poor Outcomes In Children, Elit B Hadad, Danielle M Guffey, Aarti C Bavare
Rapid Response Events With Multiple Triggers Are Associated With Poor Outcomes In Children, Elit B Hadad, Danielle M Guffey, Aarti C Bavare
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
OBJECTIVE: We describe the characteristics and outcomes of pediatric rapid response team (RRT) events within a single institution, categorized by reason for RRT activation (RRT triggers). We hypothesized that events with multiple triggers are associated with worse outcomes.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective 3-year study at a high-volume tertiary academic pediatric hospital. We included all patients with index RRT events during the study period.
RESULTS: Association of patient and RRT event characteristics with outcomes including transfers to ICU, need for advanced cardiopulmonary support, ICU and hospital length of stay (LOS), and mortality were studied. We reviewed 2,267 RRT events from 2,088 …
Case Report: Selexipag In Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension: Initiation, Transition, And Titration, Ryan D Coleman, Natalie Villafranco, Fadel E Ruiz, Raysa Morales-Demori, Elise Whalen, Erin Ely, Rozmeen Fombin, Nidhy P Varghese
Case Report: Selexipag In Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension: Initiation, Transition, And Titration, Ryan D Coleman, Natalie Villafranco, Fadel E Ruiz, Raysa Morales-Demori, Elise Whalen, Erin Ely, Rozmeen Fombin, Nidhy P Varghese
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Selexipag, a selective prostacyclin receptor agonist, is approved for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension in WHO Group 1 adult patients. Compared to parenteral prostacyclin formulations, selexipag offers a significant improvement in patient’s and caregiver’s quality of life because of its oral formulation, frequency of administration, and mechanism of action. Although experience in the pediatric population is limited and selexipag is not FDA-approved for use in the pediatric pulmonary hypertension population, many US pediatric centers are expanding the use of this therapy to this younger population. We report our institution's experience in the use of selexipag to treat pulmonary hypertension in children …
Heterologous Mrna-Protein Vaccination With Tc24 Induces A Robust Cellular Immune Response Against Trypanosoma Cruzi, Characterized By An Increased Level Of Polyfunctional Cd8+ T-Cells, Francesca Taraballi, Yi-Lin Chen, Rakesh Adhikari, Maria Jose Villar, Rakhi Kundu, Duc M Nguyen, Leroy Versteeg, Ulrich Strych, Peter J Hotez, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Jeroen Pollet, Kathryn M Jones
Heterologous Mrna-Protein Vaccination With Tc24 Induces A Robust Cellular Immune Response Against Trypanosoma Cruzi, Characterized By An Increased Level Of Polyfunctional Cd8+ T-Cells, Francesca Taraballi, Yi-Lin Chen, Rakesh Adhikari, Maria Jose Villar, Rakhi Kundu, Duc M Nguyen, Leroy Versteeg, Ulrich Strych, Peter J Hotez, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Jeroen Pollet, Kathryn M Jones
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Tc24 is a Trypanosoma cruzi-derived flagellar protein that, when formulated with a TLR-4 agonist adjuvant, induces a balanced immune response in mice, elevating IgG2a antibody titers and IFN-γ levels. Furthermore, vaccination with the recombinant Tc24 protein can reduce parasite levels and improve survival during acute infection. Although some mRNA vaccines have been proven to elicit a stronger immune response than some protein vaccines, they have not been used against T. cruzi. This work evaluates the immunogenicity of a heterologous prime/boost vaccination regimen using protein and mRNA-based Tc24 vaccines. Mice (C57BL/6) were vaccinated twice subcutaneously, three weeks apart, with …
Participant Perceptions Of Changes In Psychosocial Domains Following Participation In An Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation Trial, Michelle T Pham, Clarissa E Sanchez, Laura Torgerson, Jill Robinson, Stacey Pereira, Simon Outram, Barbara A Koenig, Philip A Starr, Aysegul Gunduz, Kelly D Foote, Michael S Okun, Wayne Goodman, Amy L Mcguire, Peter Zuk, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz
Participant Perceptions Of Changes In Psychosocial Domains Following Participation In An Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation Trial, Michelle T Pham, Clarissa E Sanchez, Laura Torgerson, Jill Robinson, Stacey Pereira, Simon Outram, Barbara A Koenig, Philip A Starr, Aysegul Gunduz, Kelly D Foote, Michael S Okun, Wayne Goodman, Amy L Mcguire, Peter Zuk, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
BACKGROUND: There has been substantial controversy in the neuroethics literature regarding the extent to which deep brain stimulation (DBS) impacts dimensions of personality, mood, and behavior.
OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: Despite extensive debate in the theoretical literature, there remains a paucity of empirical data available to support or refute claims related to the psychosocial changes following DBS.
METHODS: A mixed-methods approach was used to examine the perspectives of patients who underwent DBS regarding changes to their personality, authenticity, autonomy, risk-taking, and overall quality of life.
RESULTS: Patients (n = 21) who were enrolled in adaptive DBS trials for Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, obsessive-compulsive …
Trends And Outcomes In Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Tavr: Insights From Va Cart, Stephen W Waldo, Calvin Choi, Ki Park, Ali E Denktas, David Paniagua, Umair Khalid
Trends And Outcomes In Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Tavr: Insights From Va Cart, Stephen W Waldo, Calvin Choi, Ki Park, Ali E Denktas, David Paniagua, Umair Khalid
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
BACKGROUND: Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is common in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. The management and impact of obstructive CAD in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) have not been fully evaluated. We aimed to determine the patient characteristics and clinical outcomes among veterans undergoing TAVR with and without obstructive CAD and to determine temporal trends and association of pre-TAVR percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with clinical outcomes.
METHODS: We identified all patients who underwent TAVR from 2012 to 2021 in the VA Health Care System. The sample population was divided into patients with and without obstructive CAD …
Role Of Adenosine Deaminase In Prostate Cancer Progression, Jie Gohlke, Uttam Rasaily, Vasanta Putluri, Brian W Simons, Alexander Zaslavsky, Srinivas Nallandhighal, George Michailidis, Nallasivam Palanisamy, Nora Navone, Jeffrey A Jones, Michael M Ittmann, Nagireddy Putluri, David R Rowley, Simpa S Salami, Ganesh S Palapattu, Arun Sreekumar
Role Of Adenosine Deaminase In Prostate Cancer Progression, Jie Gohlke, Uttam Rasaily, Vasanta Putluri, Brian W Simons, Alexander Zaslavsky, Srinivas Nallandhighal, George Michailidis, Nallasivam Palanisamy, Nora Navone, Jeffrey A Jones, Michael M Ittmann, Nagireddy Putluri, David R Rowley, Simpa S Salami, Ganesh S Palapattu, Arun Sreekumar
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer and constitutes about 14.7% of total cancer cases. PCa is highly prevalent and more aggressive in African-American (AA) men than in European-American (EA) men. PCa tends to be highly heterogeneous, and its complex biology is not fully understood. We use metabolomics to better understand the mechanisms behind PCa progression and disparities in its clinical outcome. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is a key enzyme in the purine metabolic pathway; it was found to be upregulated in PCa and is associated with higher-grade PCa and poor disease-free survival. The inosine-to-adenosine ratio, which is a …
The Rsv F P27 Peptide: Current Knowledge, Important Questions, Pedro A Piedra
The Rsv F P27 Peptide: Current Knowledge, Important Questions, Pedro A Piedra
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a leading cause of hospitalizations and death for young children and adults over 65. The worldwide impact of RSV has prioritized the search for an RSV vaccine, with most targeting the critical fusion (F) protein. However, questions remain about the mechanism of RSV entry and RSV F triggering and fusion promotion. This review highlights these questions, specifically those surrounding a cleaved 27 amino acids long peptide within F, p27.
Range And Consistency Of Cardiovascular Outcomes Reported By Clinical Trials In Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review, Allison Tong, Jonathan C Craig, Benedicte Sautenet, Klemens Budde, Derek Forfang, John Gill, William G Herrington, Tazeen H Jafar, David W Johnson, Vera Krane, Adeera Levin, Jolanta Malyszko, Patrick Rossignol, Deirdre Sawinski, Nicole Scholes-Robertons, Giovanni Strippoli, Angela Wang, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer, Carmel M Hawley, Andrea K Viecelli
Range And Consistency Of Cardiovascular Outcomes Reported By Clinical Trials In Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Review, Allison Tong, Jonathan C Craig, Benedicte Sautenet, Klemens Budde, Derek Forfang, John Gill, William G Herrington, Tazeen H Jafar, David W Johnson, Vera Krane, Adeera Levin, Jolanta Malyszko, Patrick Rossignol, Deirdre Sawinski, Nicole Scholes-Robertons, Giovanni Strippoli, Angela Wang, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer, Carmel M Hawley, Andrea K Viecelli
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
BACKGROIUND: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant recipients. Trial evidence to improve cardiovascular outcomes is limited by inconsistent reporting of outcomes, which may also lack patient-relevance. This study aimed to assess the range and consistency of cardiovascular outcomes reported by contemporary trials in kidney transplant recipients.
METHODS: A systematic review of all randomized controlled trials involving adult kidney transplant recipients that reported at least 1 cardiovascular outcome from January 2012 to December 2019 was performed, including Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov electronic databases. Trial characteristics were extracted and all levels of specification of …
Respiratory Function Changes As Early Signs Of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Marco Fasolino, Michele Aliberti, Ersilia Satta, Carlo Santoriello, James Peter Orengo, Francesca Polverino
Respiratory Function Changes As Early Signs Of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Marco Fasolino, Michele Aliberti, Ersilia Satta, Carlo Santoriello, James Peter Orengo, Francesca Polverino
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
BACKGROUND: The current diagnostic criteria for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may remain unsatisfactory for months or years in the early disease. Pulmonary assessment has never been considered useful in the early diagnosis of ALS, and studies of pulmonary function in this patient category are lacking.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the pulmonary function in subjects with unspecific symptoms of ALS in whom an ALS diagnosis cannot be reached based on the current available guidelines.
METHODS: We performed pulmonary function tests, arterial gas analysis, maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) pressure, and respiratory drive (P0.1) assessment in …
Selective Reprogramming Of Regulatory T Cells In Solid Tumors Can Strongly Enhance Or Inhibit Tumor Growth, Richard Finnell, Cole Walchle, Austin Johnson, Philip S Low
Selective Reprogramming Of Regulatory T Cells In Solid Tumors Can Strongly Enhance Or Inhibit Tumor Growth, Richard Finnell, Cole Walchle, Austin Johnson, Philip S Low
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Folate receptor delta (FRδ) has been used as a biomarker for regulatory T cells (Tregs), because its expression is limited to Tregs and ovum. Although FRδ is unable to bind folate, we have used molecular docking software to identify a folate congener that binds FRδ with high affinity and have exploited this FRδ-specific ligand to target attached drugs (imaging agents, immune activators, and immune suppressors) specifically to Tregs in murine tumor xenografts. Analysis of treated tumors demonstrates that targeting of a Toll-like receptor 7 agonist inhibits Treg expression of FOXP3, PD-1, CTLA4, and HELIOS, resulting in 40-80% reduction in tumor …
Gene-Environment Interactions Underlying The Etiology Of Neural Tube Defects, Richard H Finnell
Gene-Environment Interactions Underlying The Etiology Of Neural Tube Defects, Richard H Finnell
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Neural tube defects (NTDs) consist of severe structural malformations of the brain and spinal cord and are the second most common structural birth defect in humans, accounting for approximately 2700 affected pregnancies every year in the United States. These numbers are highly significant, considering that birth defects remain a leading cause of infant mortality in the United States, affecting approximately 120,000 babies born annually. Survivors of these congenital malformations face long-term disability and lifelong challenges imposed by severe physical burdens compromising the afflicted individual's overall quality of life. Clearly, birth defects, and especially NTDs remain a global public health challenge, …
Unmasking Barriers In The Delivery Of Preconception Counseling And Contraception Provision For Patients With Type 1 Or Type 2 Diabetes, Chloe Nielsen, Linda A Barbour, Adnin Zaman
Unmasking Barriers In The Delivery Of Preconception Counseling And Contraception Provision For Patients With Type 1 Or Type 2 Diabetes, Chloe Nielsen, Linda A Barbour, Adnin Zaman
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
No abstract provided.
“Extremely Slow And Capricious”: A Qualitative Exploration Of Genetic Researcher Priorities In Selecting Shared Data Resources, M Grace Trinidad, Kerry A Ryan, Chris D Krenz, J Scott Roberts, Amy L Mcguire, Raymond De Vries, Brian J Zikmund-Fisher, Sharon Kardia, Erica Marsh, Jane Forman, Madison Kent, David Wilborn, Kayte Spector-Bagdady
“Extremely Slow And Capricious”: A Qualitative Exploration Of Genetic Researcher Priorities In Selecting Shared Data Resources, M Grace Trinidad, Kerry A Ryan, Chris D Krenz, J Scott Roberts, Amy L Mcguire, Raymond De Vries, Brian J Zikmund-Fisher, Sharon Kardia, Erica Marsh, Jane Forman, Madison Kent, David Wilborn, Kayte Spector-Bagdady
Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications
Purpose: Genetic researchers' selection of a database can have scientific, regulatory, and ethical implications. It is important to understand what is driving database selection such that database stewards can be responsive to user needs while balancing the interests of communities in equitably benefiting from advances.
Methods: We conducted 23 semistructured interviews with US academic genetic researchers working with private, government, and collaboratory data stewards to explore factors that they consider when selecting a genetic database.
Results: Interviewees used existing databases to avoid burdens of primary data collection, which was described as expensive and time-consuming. They highlighted ease of access as …
Meta-Analysis Of Chest Compression-Only Versus Conventional Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation By Bystanders For Adult With Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest, Michal Pruc, Francesco Chirico, Aleksandra Gasecka, Nataliia Litvinova, Milosz J Jaguszewski, Grazyna Nowak-Starz, Zubaid Rafique, Frank W Peacock, Lukasz Szarpak
Meta-Analysis Of Chest Compression-Only Versus Conventional Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation By Bystanders For Adult With Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest, Michal Pruc, Francesco Chirico, Aleksandra Gasecka, Nataliia Litvinova, Milosz J Jaguszewski, Grazyna Nowak-Starz, Zubaid Rafique, Frank W Peacock, Lukasz Szarpak
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
BACKGROUND: According to the guidelines of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) conducted by bystanders, two methods of CPR are feasible: standard CPR (sCPR) with mouth-to-mouth ventilations and continuous chest compression-only CPR (CCC) without rescue breathing. The goal herein, was to evaluate the effect of sCPR (30:2) and CCC on resuscitation outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients.
METHODS: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis. Using standardized criteria, Pub- Med, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE and Cochrane Collaboration were searched for trials assessing the effect of sCPR vs. CCC on resuscitation outcomes after adult OHCA. Random-effects model meta-analysis was …
Engineered Cd4 T Cells Expressing A Membrane Anchored Viral Inhibitor Restrict Hiv-1 Through Cis And Trans Mechanisms, Suman Sharma, Huan He, Lihong Liu, Michael Wen, Anisha Misra, Paul Zhou, Jason T Kimata
Engineered Cd4 T Cells Expressing A Membrane Anchored Viral Inhibitor Restrict Hiv-1 Through Cis And Trans Mechanisms, Suman Sharma, Huan He, Lihong Liu, Michael Wen, Anisha Misra, Paul Zhou, Jason T Kimata
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
HIV-1 infection of target cells can occur through either cell-free virions or cell-cell transmission in a virological synapse, with the latter mechanism of infection reported to be 100- to 1,000-fold more efficient. Neutralizing antibodies and entry inhibitors effectively block cell-free HIV-1, but with few exceptions, they display much less inhibitory activity against cell-mediated HIV-1 transmission. Previously, we showed that engineering HIV-1 target cells by genetically linking single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) of antibodies to glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI) potently blocks infection by cell-free virions and cell-mediated infection by immature dendritic cell (iDC)-captured HIV-1. Expression of scFvs on CD4
Photoplethysmography-New Applications For An Old Technology: A Sleep Technology Review, Arvind Chandrakantan, Nitun Verma, Steven Holfinger, Fariha Abbasi-Feinberg, Anuja Bandyopadhyay, Kelly Baron, Sumit Bhargava, Ken He, Joseph Kern, Jennifer Miller, Ruchir Patel, Dulip Ratnasoma, Maryann C Deak
Photoplethysmography-New Applications For An Old Technology: A Sleep Technology Review, Arvind Chandrakantan, Nitun Verma, Steven Holfinger, Fariha Abbasi-Feinberg, Anuja Bandyopadhyay, Kelly Baron, Sumit Bhargava, Ken He, Joseph Kern, Jennifer Miller, Ruchir Patel, Dulip Ratnasoma, Maryann C Deak
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Education is integral to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) mission. The AASM Emerging Technology Committee identified an important and evolving piece of technology that is present in many of the consumer and clinical technologies that we review on the AASM #SleepTechnology (https://aasm.org/consumer-clinical-sleep-technology/) resource—photoplethysmography. As more patients with sleep tracking devices ask clinicians to view their data, it is important for sleep providers to have a general understanding of the technology, its sensors, how it works, targeted users, evidence for the claimed uses, and its strengths and weaknesses. The focus in this review is photoplethysmography—a sensor type …
Differential Regulation Of Skeletal Stem/Progenitor Cells In Distinct Skeletal Compartments, Dongsu Park
Differential Regulation Of Skeletal Stem/Progenitor Cells In Distinct Skeletal Compartments, Dongsu Park
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs), characterized by self-renewal and multipotency, are essential for skeletal development, bone remodeling, and bone repair. These cells have traditionally been known to reside within the bone marrow, but recent studies have identified the presence of distinct SSPC populations in other skeletal compartments such as the growth plate, periosteum, and calvarial sutures. Differences in the cellular and matrix environment of distinct SSPC populations are believed to regulate their stemness and to direct their roles at different stages of development, homeostasis, and regeneration; differences in embryonic origin and adjacent tissue structures also affect SSPC regulation. As these SSPC …
Disease Modeling Of Adamts9-Related Nephropathy Using Kidney Organoids Reveals Its Roles In Tubular Cells And Podocytes, Hye-Youn Kim, Nasim Bekheirnia, Sarah Jane Swartz, Hongzheng Dai, Shen Linda Gu, Soyeon Lee, Ryuichi Nishinakamura, Friedhelm Hildebrandt, Mir Reza Bekheirnia, Heon Yung Gee
Disease Modeling Of Adamts9-Related Nephropathy Using Kidney Organoids Reveals Its Roles In Tubular Cells And Podocytes, Hye-Youn Kim, Nasim Bekheirnia, Sarah Jane Swartz, Hongzheng Dai, Shen Linda Gu, Soyeon Lee, Ryuichi Nishinakamura, Friedhelm Hildebrandt, Mir Reza Bekheirnia, Heon Yung Gee
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
INTRODUCTION: Mutations in ADAMTS9 cause nephronophthisis-related ciliopathies (NPHP-RC), which are characterized by multiple developmental defects and kidney diseases. Patients with NPHP-RC usually have normal glomeruli and negligible or no proteinuria. Herein, we identified novel compound-heterozygous ADAMTS9 variants in two siblings with NPHP-RC who had glomerular manifestations, including proteinuria.
METHODS: To investigate whether ADAMTS9 dysfunction causes NPHP and glomerulopathy, we differentiated ADAMTS9 knockout human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into kidney organoids. Single-cell RNA sequencing was utilized to elucidate the gene expression profiles from the ADAMTS9 knockout kidney organoids.
RESULTS:ADAMTS9 knockout had no effect on nephron differentiation; however, it reduced …
A Rare Case Of Pancreatic Actinomyces, Shilpa Jain, Robert Sealock
A Rare Case Of Pancreatic Actinomyces, Shilpa Jain, Robert Sealock
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
Actinomyces israelii is a filamentous, gram-positive anaerobic bacterium commonly found in the upper gastrointestinal tract, colon, and female genital tract. Rarely, actinomycosis can infect the pancreas most commonly after pancreatic instrumentation, often mimicking malignancy. We describe a case of a 26-year-old woman who presented with epigastric abdominal pain and nausea without prior pancreatic instrumentation. Abdominal imaging demonstrated a mass in the pancreatic head with fine-needle biopsy revealing Actinomyces. The patient was successfully treated with long-term antibiotic therapy resulting in resolution of the mass. Our case emphasizes the importance of considering nonmalignant etiologies in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic masses.
Implications Of The Paradigm Shift In Management Of Helicobacter Pylori Infections
Implications Of The Paradigm Shift In Management Of Helicobacter Pylori Infections
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
The recent availability of susceptibility testing for Helicobacter pylori infections in the United Sates has resulted in paradigm shifts in the diagnosis, therapy, and follow-up of H. pylori infections. Here, we reviewed the English literature concerning changes in H. pylori diagnosis and therapy with an emphasis on the last 3 years. We focus on the new methods that offer rapid and convenient susceptibility testing using either invasive (endoscopic) or noninvasive (stool) methods of obtaining test material. We also discuss the implications of this availability on therapy and follow-up after therapy. The approach to therapy was categorized into four groups: (1) …
Transcriptomic Analyses Of Ovarian Clear-Cell Carcinoma With Concurrent Endometriosis, Noah B Davis, Maria C Martinez, Chi Zhang, Kaman So, Aaron Buechlein, Douglas B Rusch, Chad J Creighton, Shannon M Hawkins
Transcriptomic Analyses Of Ovarian Clear-Cell Carcinoma With Concurrent Endometriosis, Noah B Davis, Maria C Martinez, Chi Zhang, Kaman So, Aaron Buechlein, Douglas B Rusch, Chad J Creighton, Shannon M Hawkins
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
INTRODUCTION: Endometriosis, a benign inflammatory disease whereby endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, is a risk factor for endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers. In particular, ovarian endometriomas, cystic lesions of deeply invasive endometriosis, are considered the precursor lesion for ovarian clear-cell carcinoma (OCCC).
METHODS: To explore this transcriptomic landscape, OCCC from women with pathology-proven concurrent endometriosis (n = 4) were compared to benign endometriomas (n = 4) by bulk RNA and small-RNA sequencing.
RESULTS: Analysis of protein-coding genes identified 2449 upregulated and 3131 downregulated protein-coding genes (DESeq2, P< 0.05, log2 fold-change > |1|) in OCCC with concurrent endometriosis compared to endometriomas. Gene set enrichment …
Editorial: Biological Drivers Of Vector-Pathogen Interactions – Vol Ii
Editorial: Biological Drivers Of Vector-Pathogen Interactions – Vol Ii
Faculty, Staff and Students Publications
No abstract provided.