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How Class Matters: Examining Working-Class Children’S Home Technology Environments From A Developmental Perspective, Vikki Katz, Brianna Hightower Jan 2023

How Class Matters: Examining Working-Class Children’S Home Technology Environments From A Developmental Perspective, Vikki Katz, Brianna Hightower

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

Social class is seldom engaged by scholars as a lens for investigating variations in children’s digital technology engagement. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 33 working-class children in a postindustrial community, we examine how social class shapes these children’s digital technology experiences. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory of child development guides our examination of children’s views on digital technology integration into their interactions with proximal influences (i.e., parents, siblings, and friends) and distal influences that indirectly shape their technology environments by affecting their parents’ circumstances. We find that working-class children’s experiences share key commonalities with both their lower- and higher-income peers, consistent with …

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Poo Matters! A Scoping Review Of Impact Of Constipation On Epilepsy, Alexandra Gabrielsson, Samuel Tromans, Lance Watkins, Lisa Burrows, Richard Laugharne, Rohit Shankar Jan 2023

Poo Matters! A Scoping Review Of Impact Of Constipation On Epilepsy, Alexandra Gabrielsson, Samuel Tromans, Lance Watkins, Lisa Burrows, Richard Laugharne, Rohit Shankar

Peninsula Medical School

BACKGROUND: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder which frequently presents with co-morbid physical health conditions, including constipation. However, the nature of the relationship between the two conditions has not been well defined. AIM: To quantify constipation's relationship with epilepsy and anti-seizure medication (ASM). METHOD: A scoping review registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022320079) with suitable search terms was conducted and reported in accordance with PRISMA guidance. CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo and MEDLINE electronic databases were searched by an information specialist. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools alongside the Oxford Centre for Evidence Based Medicine (OCEBM) levels of evidence were used to …

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Topical Review: Optometry In Nepal—Clinical Practice, Research Advances, And Challenges, Safal Khanal, Nabin Paudel, Rabindra Adhikary, Mahesh Raj Joshi Jan 2023

Topical Review: Optometry In Nepal—Clinical Practice, Research Advances, And Challenges, Safal Khanal, Nabin Paudel, Rabindra Adhikary, Mahesh Raj Joshi

School of Health Professions

SIGNIFICANCE This article reviews educational standard, clinical practice, research advances, and challenges associated with optometry in Nepal and provides critical considerations for contemporary and new optometry programs in countries with similar socioeconomic status and health care systems. Optometry education started in Nepal in 1998 with the primary objective of addressing the unmet needs of eye health and vision care in the country. Over the last two decades, this program has made significant contributions to facilitating and improving the delivery of quality eye care and establishing the nation's eye health system as an exemplary model in South Asia. Despite the positive …

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Dead-Zone Compensation Via Passivity-Based Control For A Class Of Mechanical Systems, Carmen Chan-Zheng, Pablo Borja, Jacquelien M.A. Scherpen Jan 2023

Dead-Zone Compensation Via Passivity-Based Control For A Class Of Mechanical Systems, Carmen Chan-Zheng, Pablo Borja, Jacquelien M.A. Scherpen

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

This manuscript introduces a passivity-based control methodology for fully-actuated mechanical systems with symmetric or asymmetric dead-zones. To this end, we find a smooth approximation of the inverse of the function that describes such a nonlinearity. Then, we propose an energy and damping injection approach — based on the PI-PBC technique — that compensates for the dead-zone. Moreover, we provide an analysis of the performance of the proposed controller near the equilibrium. We conclude this paper by experimentally validating the results on a two degrees-of-freedom planar manipulator.

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Instability Of Waves In Deep Water — A Discrete Hamiltonian Approach, David Andrade, Raphael Stuhlmeier Jan 2023

Instability Of Waves In Deep Water — A Discrete Hamiltonian Approach, David Andrade, Raphael Stuhlmeier

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

The stability of waves in deep water has classically been approached via linear stability analysis, with various model equations, such as the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, serving as points of departure. Some of the most well-studied instabilities involve the interaction of four waves – so called Type I instabilities – or five waves – Type II instabilities. A unified description of four and five wave interaction can be provided by the reduced Hamiltonian derived by Krasitskii (1994). Exploiting additional conservation laws, the discretised Hamiltonian may be used to shed light on these four and five wave instabilities without restrictions on spectral …

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Air Quality And Mental Health: Evidence, Challenges And Future Directions, Kamaldeep Bhui, Joanne B. Newbury, Rachel M. Latham, Marcella Ucci, Zaheer A. Nasir, Briony Turner, Catherine O'Leary, Helen L. Fisher, Emma Marczylo, Philippa Douglas, Stephen Stansfeld, Simon K. Jackson, Sean Tyrrel, Andrey Rzhetsky, Rob Kinnersley, Prashant Kumar, Caroline Duchaine, Frederic Coulon Jan 2023

Air Quality And Mental Health: Evidence, Challenges And Future Directions, Kamaldeep Bhui, Joanne B. Newbury, Rachel M. Latham, Marcella Ucci, Zaheer A. Nasir, Briony Turner, Catherine O'Leary, Helen L. Fisher, Emma Marczylo, Philippa Douglas, Stephen Stansfeld, Simon K. Jackson, Sean Tyrrel, Andrey Rzhetsky, Rob Kinnersley, Prashant Kumar, Caroline Duchaine, Frederic Coulon

School of Biomedical Sciences

Background Poor air quality is associated with poor health. Little attention is given to the complex array of environmental exposures and air pollutants that affect mental health during the life course. Aims We gather interdisciplinary expertise and knowledge across the air pollution and mental health fields. We seek to propose future research priorities and how to address them. Method Through a rapid narrative review, we summarise the key scientific findings, knowledge gaps and methodological challenges. Results There is emerging evidence of associations between poor air quality, both indoors and outdoors, and poor mental health more generally, as well as specific …

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Transition Theory And The Emotional Journey To Medical Educator Identity: A Qualitative Interview Study, J Browne, T Collett Jan 2023

Transition Theory And The Emotional Journey To Medical Educator Identity: A Qualitative Interview Study, J Browne, T Collett

Peninsula Medical School

Background. Medical academia is in crisis, with fewer people entering and growing concern at numbers leaving. While faculty development is often seen as part of the solution, there are significant issues with faculty not engaging with and resisting development opportunities. Lack of motivation may be linked to what might be called a ‘weak’ educator identity. We studied medical educators' experiences of career development to gain further insights into: how professional identity may develop; individuals' accompanying emotional responses to perceived identity change; and consideration of the accompanying temporal dimensions. Drawing on new materialist sociology, we explore medical educator identity formation in …

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Routinely Used Interventions To Improve Attachment In Infants And Young Children: A National Survey And Two Systematic Reviews, Barry Wright, Pasco Fearon, Megan Garside, Eleni Tsappis, Elaine Amoah, Danya Glaser, Victoria Allgar, Helen Minnis, Matthew Woolgar, Rachel Churchill, Dean Mcmillan, Peter Fonagy, Alison O’Sullivan, Michelle Mchale Jan 2023

Routinely Used Interventions To Improve Attachment In Infants And Young Children: A National Survey And Two Systematic Reviews, Barry Wright, Pasco Fearon, Megan Garside, Eleni Tsappis, Elaine Amoah, Danya Glaser, Victoria Allgar, Helen Minnis, Matthew Woolgar, Rachel Churchill, Dean Mcmillan, Peter Fonagy, Alison O’Sullivan, Michelle Mchale

Peninsula Medical School

Background.Attachment refers to an infant’s innate tendency to seek comfort from their caregiver. Research shows that attachment is important in promoting healthy social and emotional development. Many parenting interventions have been developed to improve attachment outcomes for children. However, numerous interventions used in routine practice have a limited evidence base, meaning that we cannot be sure if they are helpful or harmful.Objectives.This research aimed to conduct a large-scale survey to identify what interventions are being used in UK services to improve child attachment; conduct a systematic review to evaluate the evidence for parenting attachment interventions; and develop recommendations for future …

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“I Am Not A Good Woman?” Exploring The Views And Challenges Of Nurses When Discussing Hpv Testing And Associated Cervical Screening With Women In Iraq, Suhailah M. Ali, Rebecca Lawes, Ayla Khedher Ghalib Jan 2023

“I Am Not A Good Woman?” Exploring The Views And Challenges Of Nurses When Discussing Hpv Testing And Associated Cervical Screening With Women In Iraq, Suhailah M. Ali, Rebecca Lawes, Ayla Khedher Ghalib

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Introduction: Cervical cancer is mostly caused by high-risk Human papillomavirus HPV, with an estimation prevalence of HPV of 99.7% worldwide. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved an HPV test for primary cervical screening in 2014. An HPV-DNA test, which provides higher protection against invasive cervical carcinomas, is replacing the long-standing Pap smear as the primary method of cervical cancer screening. Objective: To explore nurses’ experience and knowledge of HPV DNA testing and how screening impacts on women's health through increasing awareness and proposing actions for health education strategies. Method: A qualitative exploratory study was conducted on a purposeful …

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Survey Of Parents Of Children With Intellectual Disabilities And/Or Autism Who Experience Chronic Constipation, James Rooney, Rebecca Hodge, Jade Smith, Kelly Vanstone, Richard Laugharne, Rohit Shankar Jan 2023

Survey Of Parents Of Children With Intellectual Disabilities And/Or Autism Who Experience Chronic Constipation, James Rooney, Rebecca Hodge, Jade Smith, Kelly Vanstone, Richard Laugharne, Rohit Shankar

Peninsula Medical School

Background: Constipation is common in children with intellectual disabilities and/or autism, but poorly researched. This study looks to understand parental knowledge, attitudes and management practices towards constipation in children with intellectual disabilities and/or autism. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey developed with patient facing organisations was circulated to parents of children with intellectual disabilities and/or autism using an exponential and non-discriminatory snowballing method for recruitment. A smaller sample were purposively sampled for their in-depth experiences. Results: Of 68 responses, people were open to discussing constipation and knowledgeable about risk factors. In the qualitative interviews, of 15 parents, they wanted to be …

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Review And Update Of The Health Of The Nation Outcome Scales For People With Learning Disabilities (Honos-Ld), Jon Painter, Nicola Adams, Barry Ingham, Michael James, Madiha Majid, Ashok Roy, Rohit Shankar, Mark Smith Jan 2023

Review And Update Of The Health Of The Nation Outcome Scales For People With Learning Disabilities (Honos-Ld), Jon Painter, Nicola Adams, Barry Ingham, Michael James, Madiha Majid, Ashok Roy, Rohit Shankar, Mark Smith

Peninsula Medical School

Background: The Health of the Nation Outcomes Scales for people with Learning Disabilities (HoNOS-LD) is an 18-item measure which provides a structured and standardized approach to rating various clinical and psychosocial outcomes and has been in use nationally since 2002. Aims: To revise and improve the HoNOS-LD’s utility in contemporary intellectual disability (ID) services whilst retaining its original objectives and five-point severity ratings. Method: ID clinicians were invited to complete an online survey, rating each item on the existing measure for being fit for purpose, identifying issues and suggesting improvements based on their experience of using the HoNOS-LD in practice. …

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Covid-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Hospitalisation And Death Of People In Clinical Risk Groups During The Delta Variant Period: English Primary Care Network Cohort Study, Heather J. Whitaker, Ruby S.M. Tsang, Rachel Byford, Carole Aspden, Elizabeth Button, Praveen Sebastian Pillai, Gavin Jamie, Debasish Kar, John Williams, Mary Sinnathamby, Gemma Marsden, William H. Elson, Meredith Leston, Sneha Anand, Cecilia Okusi, Xuejuan Fan, Ezra Linley, Cathy Rowe, Silvia Darcangelo, Ashley D. Otter, Joanna Ellis, F.D. Richard Hobbs, Victoria Tzortziou-Brown, Maria Zambon, Mary Ramsay, Kevin E. Brown, Gayatri Amirthalingam, Nick J. Andrews, Simon De Lusignan, Jamie Lopez Bernal Jan 2023

Covid-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Against Hospitalisation And Death Of People In Clinical Risk Groups During The Delta Variant Period: English Primary Care Network Cohort Study, Heather J. Whitaker, Ruby S.M. Tsang, Rachel Byford, Carole Aspden, Elizabeth Button, Praveen Sebastian Pillai, Gavin Jamie, Debasish Kar, John Williams, Mary Sinnathamby, Gemma Marsden, William H. Elson, Meredith Leston, Sneha Anand, Cecilia Okusi, Xuejuan Fan, Ezra Linley, Cathy Rowe, Silvia Darcangelo, Ashley D. Otter, Joanna Ellis, F.D. Richard Hobbs, Victoria Tzortziou-Brown, Maria Zambon, Mary Ramsay, Kevin E. Brown, Gayatri Amirthalingam, Nick J. Andrews, Simon De Lusignan, Jamie Lopez Bernal

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Floating Hydroelastic Circular Plate In Regular And Irregular Waves, Simone Michele, Siming Zheng, Federica Buriani, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, Deborah M. Greaves Jan 2023

Floating Hydroelastic Circular Plate In Regular And Irregular Waves, Simone Michele, Siming Zheng, Federica Buriani, Alistair G.L. Borthwick, Deborah M. Greaves

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

An understanding of the hydroelastic response of a flexible circular plate to water waves is relevant to many problems in ocean engineering ranging from offshore wave energy converters and solar wind devices to very large floating structures such as floating airports and ice sheets. This paper describes results from physical model tests undertaken in the COAST laboratory at the University of Plymouth. Response amplitude operators (RAOs) of a floating flexible circular disk are determined for incident monochromatic and irregular wave trains, the latter defined by JONSWAP spectra. Free-surface displacements are measured using wave gauges, and the plate motion recorded using …

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Developed Graphene/Si Schottky Junction Solar Cells Based On The Top-Window Structure, Hilal Al Busaidi, Ahmed Suhail, David Jenkins, Genhua Pan Jan 2023

Developed Graphene/Si Schottky Junction Solar Cells Based On The Top-Window Structure, Hilal Al Busaidi, Ahmed Suhail, David Jenkins, Genhua Pan

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)-graphene has potentially been integrated with silicon (Si) substrates for developing graphene/n-Si Schottky junction solar cells prepared with the top window structure. However, there are drawbacks to prepared devices such as complex silicon dioxide (SiO2)-etching steps, low fill factors and stability of doped devices. In this work, SiO2 patterns are simply formed using a sputtering process rather than the previous complex method. Additionally, the fill factor for prepared devices is developed by using transferred residue-free multi-graphene layers. The usage of 3 graphene layers improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) to 7.1%. A recorded PCE of around 17% …

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Comprehensive Measurement Of The Prevalence Of Dementia In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: Stride Methodology And Its Application In Indonesia And South Africa, Nicolas Farina, Roxanne Jacobs, Yuda Turana, Fasihah Irfani Fitri, Marguerite Schneider, Imelda Theresia, Sumaiyah Docrat, Tara Puspitarini Sani, Lydia Augustina, Emiliano Albanese, Adelina Comas-Herrera, Toit P Du, Cleusa P. Ferri, Ishtar Govia, Aliaa Ibnidris, Martin Knapp, Sube Banerjee Jan 2023

Comprehensive Measurement Of The Prevalence Of Dementia In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: Stride Methodology And Its Application In Indonesia And South Africa, Nicolas Farina, Roxanne Jacobs, Yuda Turana, Fasihah Irfani Fitri, Marguerite Schneider, Imelda Theresia, Sumaiyah Docrat, Tara Puspitarini Sani, Lydia Augustina, Emiliano Albanese, Adelina Comas-Herrera, Toit P Du, Cleusa P. Ferri, Ishtar Govia, Aliaa Ibnidris, Martin Knapp, Sube Banerjee

Peninsula Medical School

Background A core element of the Strengthening Responses to Dementia in Developing Countries (STRiDE) programme was to generate novel data on the prevalence, cost and impact of dementia in low- and middle-income countries, to build better health policy. Indonesia and South Africa are two middle-income countries in need of such data. Aims To present the STRiDE methodology and generate estimates of dementia prevalence in Indonesia and South Africa. Method We conducted community-based, single-phase, cross-sectional studies in Indonesia and South Africa, randomly sampling participants aged 65 years or older in each country. Dementia prevalence rates for each country were generated by …

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How To … Define Clinical Education Research Terminology: A Glossary, Gabrielle M. Finn, Ben Charmer, Oliver E. Burton, Aqua Asif, Matthew H.V. Byrne, Nicola Brennan, Megan E.L. Brown Jan 2023

How To … Define Clinical Education Research Terminology: A Glossary, Gabrielle M. Finn, Ben Charmer, Oliver E. Burton, Aqua Asif, Matthew H.V. Byrne, Nicola Brennan, Megan E.L. Brown

Peninsula Medical School

Clinical education research (ClinEdR) utilises diverse terminology, which can lead to confusion. A common language is essential for enhancing impact. An expert panel drawn from various workstreams within the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Incubator for Clinical Education Research was tasked with reviewing an initial list of terms for the development of a glossary of terms in the field of ClinEdR. The glossary was populated with terms, definitions and foundational papers by the authors and peer-reviewed for accuracy. The glossary of terms developed for ClinEdR should enable researchers to use a common language, promoting consistency and improving …

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A Pragmatic, Multicentre, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomised Trial To Assess The Safety, Clinical And Cost-Effectiveness Of Mirtazapine And Carbamazepine In People With Alzheimer’S Disease And Agitated Behaviours: The Hta-Symbad Trial, Sube Banerjee, Nicolas Farina, Catherine Henderson, Juliet High, Susan Stirling, Lee Shepstone, Julia Fountain, Clive Ballard, Peter Bentham, Alistair Burns, Chris Fox, Paul Francis, Robert Howard, Martin Knapp, Iracema Leroi, Gill Livingston, Ramin Nilforooshan, Shirley Nurock, John O’Brien, Annabel Price, Alan J. Thomas, Ann Marie Swart, Tanya Telling, Naji Tabet Jan 2023

A Pragmatic, Multicentre, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Randomised Trial To Assess The Safety, Clinical And Cost-Effectiveness Of Mirtazapine And Carbamazepine In People With Alzheimer’S Disease And Agitated Behaviours: The Hta-Symbad Trial, Sube Banerjee, Nicolas Farina, Catherine Henderson, Juliet High, Susan Stirling, Lee Shepstone, Julia Fountain, Clive Ballard, Peter Bentham, Alistair Burns, Chris Fox, Paul Francis, Robert Howard, Martin Knapp, Iracema Leroi, Gill Livingston, Ramin Nilforooshan, Shirley Nurock, John O’Brien, Annabel Price, Alan J. Thomas, Ann Marie Swart, Tanya Telling, Naji Tabet

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Identifying Core Components Of A Radiotherapy Comfort Intervention Package Using Nominal Group Technique Radiography, S. Goldsworthy, J.M. Latour, S. Palmer, H. Mcnair, M. Cramp Jan 2023

Identifying Core Components Of A Radiotherapy Comfort Intervention Package Using Nominal Group Technique Radiography, S. Goldsworthy, J.M. Latour, S. Palmer, H. Mcnair, M. Cramp

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Introduction A comfortable treatment position in radiotherapy may promote patient stability and improve outcomes such as accuracy. The aim of this study was to identify, prioritise and determine the feasibility of delivery of intervention components as part of a radiotherapy comfort intervention package. Methods Prior research, consisting of a systematic review and qualitative interviews with patient and therapeutic radiographers, was triangulated and 15 intervention components developed. An online nominal group technique consensus meeting with 7 patients who received radiotherapy exceeding 10 min for one of three anatomical cancer sites and 3 therapeutic radiographers (TRs) participated. Four activities were undertaken: 1) …

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Mental Imagery Of Suicide And Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A Meta-Analysis And Systematic Review, Hannah R. Lawrence, Emma G. Balkind, Julie L. Ji, Taylor A. Burke, Richard T. Liu Jan 2023

Mental Imagery Of Suicide And Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A Meta-Analysis And Systematic Review, Hannah R. Lawrence, Emma G. Balkind, Julie L. Ji, Taylor A. Burke, Richard T. Liu

School of Psychology

Background The vast majority of research on, and clinical assessment of, cognitions related to suicide and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has focused on verbal thoughts. And yet, mental imagery is more realistic and emotionally arousing than verbal thoughts. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis documenting the prevalence of suicidal and NSSI mental imagery and describing the content and characteristics of suicidal and NSSI mental imagery, links between suicidal and NSSI mental imagery and suicidal and NSSI behavior, and how to intervene on suicidal and NSSI mental imagery. Studies published through December 17, 2022 were identified through a systematic search …

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Guiding Principles For Effective Collaborative Implementation Strategies For Multisite Hospital Improvement Initiatives: A Mixed-Method Realist Evaluation Of Collaborative Strategies Used In Four Multisite Initiatives At Public Hospitals In New South Wales, Australia, Janet C. Long, Mitchell N. Sarkies, Emilie Francis-Auton, Natalie Roberts, Rebecca Hardwick, Hoa Mi Nguyen, Jean Frederic Levesque, Diane E. Watson, Johanna Westbrook, Peter D. Hibbert, Frances Rapport, Jeffrey Braithwaite Jan 2023

Guiding Principles For Effective Collaborative Implementation Strategies For Multisite Hospital Improvement Initiatives: A Mixed-Method Realist Evaluation Of Collaborative Strategies Used In Four Multisite Initiatives At Public Hospitals In New South Wales, Australia, Janet C. Long, Mitchell N. Sarkies, Emilie Francis-Auton, Natalie Roberts, Rebecca Hardwick, Hoa Mi Nguyen, Jean Frederic Levesque, Diane E. Watson, Johanna Westbrook, Peter D. Hibbert, Frances Rapport, Jeffrey Braithwaite

Peninsula Medical School

Objective Large-scale, multisite hospital improvement initiatives can advance high-quality care for patients. Implementation support is key to adoption of change in this context. Strategies that foster collaboration within local teams, across sites and between initiative developers and users are important. However not all implementation strategies are successful in all settings, sometimes realising poor or unintended outcomes. Our objective here is to develop guiding principles for effective collaborative implementation strategies for multi-site hospital initiatives. Design Mixed-method realist evaluation. Realist studies aim to examine the underlying theories that explain differing outcomes, identifying mechanisms and contextual factors that may trigger them. Setting We …

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Editorial: Introduction To The Special Issue “Humour, Laughter, Playfulness, Creativity And Entertainment And Their Relationships To Well-Being And Health”, Sonja Heintz Jan 2023

Editorial: Introduction To The Special Issue “Humour, Laughter, Playfulness, Creativity And Entertainment And Their Relationships To Well-Being And Health”, Sonja Heintz

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Modelling And Evaluation Of Driving Simulator For Driving Education In Malaysia, Y-Q Cheng, Sarina Mansor, J-J Chin, Md Mushfiqur Rahman, Karim H Abdul, Kw Ban Jan 2023

Modelling And Evaluation Of Driving Simulator For Driving Education In Malaysia, Y-Q Cheng, Sarina Mansor, J-J Chin, Md Mushfiqur Rahman, Karim H Abdul, Kw Ban

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Driving simulator has been widely used as one of driver training tools because it provides a safe environment which does not expose drivers to hazards. However, Malaysia has yet to adopt the driving simulator in the driving course. In this paper, a cost effective and modular driving simulator prototype integrated is designed and developed based on the Malaysian Ministry of Transport’s Standardised License Test. Seven modules which correspond to five practical syllabus circuit tracks and two on-the-road theories are created using a real time development tool named “Unity” and integrated with some off-the-shelf hardware namely a steering wheel, gear shifter …

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Cognitive Rehabilitation And Aerobic Exercise For Cognitive Impairment In People With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (Cogex): A Randomised, Blinded, Sham-Controlled Trial, Anthony Feinstein, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Jeremy Chataway, Nancy D. Chiaravalloti, Gary Cutter, Ulrik Dalgas, John Deluca, Rachel Farrell, Peter Feys, Massimo Filippi, Jennifer Freeman, Matilde Inglese, Cecilia Meza, Robert W. Motl, Maria A. Rocca, Brian M. Sandroff, Amber Salter, Alex Pietrusz, Andrea Tacchino, A Smith, Anne Sophie Michelsen, Ashlie Kristin, Blake Bichler, Brendon Truax, Carmen Vizzino, Catherine Danielle Jones, Catherine Holme, C Smith, Charly Keytsman, Chiara Pollio, Chris Cole, Claudia Niccolai, Claudio Cordani, Eleonora Colombo, Elisa Pelosin, Ellen Vanzeir, Fedrica Vannetti, Filippo Gerli, Francesco Maranta, Gianna Riccitelli, Guido Pasquini, Holly Wilkinson, Irene Mosca, James Braisher, Jessica Baird, Jessica Podda, Jimmy Morecraft, Joke Lenaerts, Juliana Puopolo, K Algie, L Kenton, L Toll, Lt Madsen, L Knevels, L Lee, L Pedullà, M Cellerino, James Braisher, M-Lk Jørgensen, M Pardini, M Sibilia, M Nabarro, Md Diedmann, M Dibenedetto, M Curran, M Koch, M D'Hooge, N Moore, Nd Weerdt, P Preziosa, P Pajak, P Silic, Rb Walters, R Finegan, R Veldkamp, R Hernandez, R Donnee, S Casagrande, S Lancia, Sd Bella, S Vandecasteele, V Vandael Jan 2023

Cognitive Rehabilitation And Aerobic Exercise For Cognitive Impairment In People With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (Cogex): A Randomised, Blinded, Sham-Controlled Trial, Anthony Feinstein, Maria Pia Amato, Giampaolo Brichetto, Jeremy Chataway, Nancy D. Chiaravalloti, Gary Cutter, Ulrik Dalgas, John Deluca, Rachel Farrell, Peter Feys, Massimo Filippi, Jennifer Freeman, Matilde Inglese, Cecilia Meza, Robert W. Motl, Maria A. Rocca, Brian M. Sandroff, Amber Salter, Alex Pietrusz, Andrea Tacchino, A Smith, Anne Sophie Michelsen, Ashlie Kristin, Blake Bichler, Brendon Truax, Carmen Vizzino, Catherine Danielle Jones, Catherine Holme, C Smith, Charly Keytsman, Chiara Pollio, Chris Cole, Claudia Niccolai, Claudio Cordani, Eleonora Colombo, Elisa Pelosin, Ellen Vanzeir, Fedrica Vannetti, Filippo Gerli, Francesco Maranta, Gianna Riccitelli, Guido Pasquini, Holly Wilkinson, Irene Mosca, James Braisher, Jessica Baird, Jessica Podda, Jimmy Morecraft, Joke Lenaerts, Juliana Puopolo, K Algie, L Kenton, L Toll, Lt Madsen, L Knevels, L Lee, L Pedullà, M Cellerino, James Braisher, M-Lk Jørgensen, M Pardini, M Sibilia, M Nabarro, Md Diedmann, M Dibenedetto, M Curran, M Koch, M D'Hooge, N Moore, Nd Weerdt, P Preziosa, P Pajak, P Silic, Rb Walters, R Finegan, R Veldkamp, R Hernandez, R Donnee, S Casagrande, S Lancia, Sd Bella, S Vandecasteele, V Vandael

School of Health Professions

Background Cognitive dysfunction in people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis can improve with cognitive rehabilitation or exercise. Similar effects have not been clearly shown in people with progressive multiple sclerosis. We aimed to investigate the individual and synergistic effects of cognitive rehabilitation and exercise in patients with progressive multiple sclerosis. Methods CogEx was a randomised, sham-controlled trial completed in 11 hospital clinics, universities, and rehabilitation centres in Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Italy, UK, and USA. Patients with progressive multiple sclerosis were eligible for inclusion if they were aged 25–65 years and had an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of less than …

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Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis From The Ms‐Stat2 Randomized Controlled Trial, Thomas Williams, Nevin John, Alberto Calvi, Alessia Bianchi, Floriana De Angelis, Anisha Doshi, Sarah Wright, Madiha Shatila, Marios C. Yiannakas, Fatima Chowdhury, Jon Stutters, Antonio Ricciardi, Ferran Prados, David Macmanus, Marie Braisher, James Blackstone, Olga Ciccarelli, Cam Gandini Wheeler‐Kingshott, Frederik Barkhof, Jeremy Chataway, Jeremy Hobart Jan 2023

Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross‐Sectional Analysis From The Ms‐Stat2 Randomized Controlled Trial, Thomas Williams, Nevin John, Alberto Calvi, Alessia Bianchi, Floriana De Angelis, Anisha Doshi, Sarah Wright, Madiha Shatila, Marios C. Yiannakas, Fatima Chowdhury, Jon Stutters, Antonio Ricciardi, Ferran Prados, David Macmanus, Marie Braisher, James Blackstone, Olga Ciccarelli, Cam Gandini Wheeler‐Kingshott, Frederik Barkhof, Jeremy Chataway, Jeremy Hobart

Peninsula Medical School

Background and purpose.There is increasing evidence that cardiovascular risk (CVR) contributes to disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). CVR is particularly prevalent in secondary progressive MS (SPMS) and can be quantified through validated composite CVR scores. The aim was to examine the cross‐sectional relationships between excess modifiable CVR, whole and regional brain atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging, and disability in patients with SPMS. Methods. Participants had SPMS, and data were collected at enrolment into the MS‐STAT2 trial. Composite CVR scores were calculated using the QRISK3 software. Prematurely achieved CVR due to modifiable risk factors was expressed as QRISK3 premature CVR, …

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Dietary Patterns And Practices And Leucocyte Telomere Length: Findings From The Uk Biobank, Vasiliki Bountziouka, Christopher P. Nelson, Qingning Wang, Crispin Musicha, Veryan Codd, Nilesh J. Samani Jan 2023

Dietary Patterns And Practices And Leucocyte Telomere Length: Findings From The Uk Biobank, Vasiliki Bountziouka, Christopher P. Nelson, Qingning Wang, Crispin Musicha, Veryan Codd, Nilesh J. Samani

Peninsula Medical School

BACKGROUND: Shorter telomere length (TL) is associated with risk of several age-related diseases and decreased life span, but the extent to which dietary patterns and practices associate with TL is uncertain. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association of dietary patterns and practices and leucocyte TL (LTL). DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Data collected voluntarily from up to 422,797 UK Biobank participants, during 2006-2010. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: LTL was measured as a ratio of the telomere repeat number to a single-copy gene and was loge-transformed and standardized (z-LTL). STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Adherence a priori to …

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Impact Of Digital Technologies On Self-Efficacy In People With Parkinson’S: A Scoping Review Protocol, Andrew Michael Hall, Sree Aroori, Camille B. Carroll, Edward Meinert, Victoria Allgar Jan 2023

Impact Of Digital Technologies On Self-Efficacy In People With Parkinson’S: A Scoping Review Protocol, Andrew Michael Hall, Sree Aroori, Camille B. Carroll, Edward Meinert, Victoria Allgar

Peninsula Medical School

Introduction Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurological disease globally, for which currently no one definitive cause or cure exists. Estimates suggest that 145 000 people with Parkinson’s (PwP) live in the UK. PD presents with motor and non-motor symptoms fluctuating significantly in and between individuals continually throughout the day. PD adversely affects activities of daily living, quality of life and well-being. Self-efficacy is an important belief to improve for PwP as it enables the individual to develop confidence in their ability to exert control over their own motivation, behaviour and social environment. This scoping review aims to …

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Motivational Support Intervention To Reduce Smoking And Increase Physical Activity In Smokers Not Ready To Quit: The Tars Rct, Adrian H. Taylor, Tom P. Thompson, Adam Streeter, Jade Chynoweth, Tristan Snowsill, Wendy Ingram, Michael Ussher, Paul Aveyard, Rachael L. Murray, Tess Harris, Colin Green, Jane Horrell, Lynne Callaghan, Colin J. Greaves, Lisa Price, Lucy Cartwright, Jonny Wilks, S Campbell, Dan Preece, Siobhan Creanor Jan 2023

Motivational Support Intervention To Reduce Smoking And Increase Physical Activity In Smokers Not Ready To Quit: The Tars Rct, Adrian H. Taylor, Tom P. Thompson, Adam Streeter, Jade Chynoweth, Tristan Snowsill, Wendy Ingram, Michael Ussher, Paul Aveyard, Rachael L. Murray, Tess Harris, Colin Green, Jane Horrell, Lynne Callaghan, Colin J. Greaves, Lisa Price, Lucy Cartwright, Jonny Wilks, S Campbell, Dan Preece, Siobhan Creanor

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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Abandonment Of Fibreglass Reinforced Plastic Fishing Boats In Kerala, India, And Chemical Emissions Arising From Their Burning, N. Manju Lekshmi, Sreejith S. Kumar, P. Muhamed Ashraf, K. A.Martin Xavier, K. P. Prathish, S. V. Ajay, Leela Edwin, Andrew Turner Jan 2023

Abandonment Of Fibreglass Reinforced Plastic Fishing Boats In Kerala, India, And Chemical Emissions Arising From Their Burning, N. Manju Lekshmi, Sreejith S. Kumar, P. Muhamed Ashraf, K. A.Martin Xavier, K. P. Prathish, S. V. Ajay, Leela Edwin, Andrew Turner

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Little information exists on the fate and impacts of boats constructed of fibreglass reinforced plastic (FRP) once they reach their end-of-life. In this study, the number of abandoned fishing boats constructed of FRP or constructed of plywood-wood and sheathed by FRP has been determined along the coast of Kerala, India, and chemical emissions have been estimated when boats are burned as a means of disposal. A total of 292 abandoned boats were observed across eight coastal transects constructed around selected landing centres, with abandonment ranging from 13 to 48 per km (average = 29 km−1). This results in the generation …

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Unravelling And Understanding Local Perceptions Of Water Quality In The Santa Basin, Peru, Sally Rangecroft, Dextre R Maria, Isabel Richter, Bueno Cv Grados, Claire Kelly, Cecilia Turin, Beatriz Fuentealba, Hernandez M Camacho, Sergio Morera, John Martin, Adam Guy, Caroline Clason Jan 2023

Unravelling And Understanding Local Perceptions Of Water Quality In The Santa Basin, Peru, Sally Rangecroft, Dextre R Maria, Isabel Richter, Bueno Cv Grados, Claire Kelly, Cecilia Turin, Beatriz Fuentealba, Hernandez M Camacho, Sergio Morera, John Martin, Adam Guy, Caroline Clason

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Water quality is an integral part of water security. Measuring the physico-chemical indicators for water quality can provide an objective picture of water health, but it does not provide information on lived experiences related to water quality, expectations of water resources, nor how the quality of water affects its usage. Perceptual information and traditional ecological knowledge on water quality can help to understand interactions between water and people, and thereby support locally appropriate sustainable water resource strategies. Accordingly, our project sought to collect and synthesise insights from local perspectives on water quality in the upper Santa River basin, Peru, a …

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Nurses’ Perceptions Of The Skills, Knowledge And Attributes Required To Optimise Scope Of Practice And Improve Access To Care For People Experiencing Homelessness In Australia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jane Currie, Lucy Mcwilliams, Martha Paisi, Jill Shawe, Anna Thornton, Matthew Larkin, Joanne Taylor, Sandy Middleton Jan 2023

Nurses’ Perceptions Of The Skills, Knowledge And Attributes Required To Optimise Scope Of Practice And Improve Access To Care For People Experiencing Homelessness In Australia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Jane Currie, Lucy Mcwilliams, Martha Paisi, Jill Shawe, Anna Thornton, Matthew Larkin, Joanne Taylor, Sandy Middleton

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Background People experiencing homelessness are less likely to access healthcare, particularly primary and preventive care. Nurses are well placed to improve access to healthcare for this vulnerable population. Aim To explore nurses’ perceptions of the skills, knowledge and attributes required to optimise scope of practice and improve access to healthcare for people experiencing homelessness, to underpin an education framework. Design A cross-sectional national survey of nurses in Australia. Methods Part of a larger study, a 222-item electronic survey was disseminated via social media and nursing colleges and associations. Participants rated the level of priority of specific skills knowledge and attributes …

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