Digital Commons Network^™

The Risk And Burden Of Thromboembolic And Hemorrhagic Events In Patients With Malignant Gliomas Receiving Bevacizumab, Pushan Dasgupta, Alexander Ou, Heather Lin, Timothy Gregory, Kristin D Alfaro-Munoz, Ying Yuan, Vahid Afshar-Khargan, Carlos Kamiya-Matsuoka, Justin F Rousseau, Nazanin K Majd

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Bevacizumab has evolved as an integral treatment option for patients with high-grade gliomas. Little is known about clinical risk factors that predispose patients with high-grade gliomas receiving bevacizumab to VTE or ICH. We sought to characterize the clinical risk factors associated with risk of either event.

Methods: In this multi-institutional retrospective study, we first evaluated patients with high-grade gliomas who were treated with bevacizumab at University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center from 2015-2021. We compared clinical and treatment-related factors among three cohorts: those who developed VTE, ICH, or neither. We further compared survival outcomes of these patients from …

A Phase I Study Of Docetaxel Plus Synthetic Lycopene In Metastatic Prostate Cancer Patients, Michael B Lilly, Chunli Wu, Yu Ke, Wen-Pin Chen, Adam C Soloff, Kent Armeson, Noriko N Yokoyama, Xiaotian Li, Liankun Song, Ying Yuan, Christine E Mclaren, Xiaolin Zi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Our preclinical studies showed that lycopene enhanced the anti-prostate cancer efficacy of docetaxel in animal models. A phase I trial (NCT0149519) was conducted to identify an optimum dose of synthetic lycopene in combination with docetaxel (and androgen blockade [androgen deprivation therapy, ADT]), and to evaluate its effect on the safety and pharmacokinetics of docetaxel in men with metastatic prostate cancer.

Methods: Subjects were treated with 21-day cycles of 75 mg/m2 docetaxel (and ADT), plus lycopene at 30, 90 or 150 mg/day. A Bayesian model averaging continual reassessment method was used to guide dose escalation. Pharmacokinetics of docetaxel …

Prenatal Vs Postnatal Diagnosis Of 22q112 Deletion Syndrome: Cardiac And Noncardiac Outcomes Through 1 Year Of Age, Lindsay R Freud, Stephanie Galloway, T Blaine Crowley, Julie Moldenhauer, Ann Swillen, Jeroen Breckpot, Antoni Borrell, Neeta L Vora, Bettina Cuneo, Hilary Hoffman, Lisa Gilbert, Beata Nowakowska, Maciej Geremek, Anna Kutkowska-Kaźmierczak, Joris R Vermeesch, Koen Devriendt, Tiffany Busa, Sabine Sigaudy, Trisha Vigneswaran, John M Simpson, Jeffrey Dungan, Nina Gotteiner, Karl-Philipp Gloning, Maria Cristina Digilio, Marta Unolt, Carolina Putotto, Bruno Marino, Gabriela Repetto, Magdalena Fadic, Sixto Garcia-Minaur, Ana Achón Buil, Mary Ann Thomas, Deborah Fruitman, Taylor Beecroft, Pui Wah Hui, Solveig Oskarsdottir, Rachael Bradshaw, Amanda Criebaum, Mary E Norton, Tiffany Lee, Miwa Geiger, Leslie Dunnington, Jacqueline Isaac, Louise Wilkins-Haug, Lindsey Hunter, Claudia Izzi, Marika Toscano, Tullio Ghi, Julie Mcglynn, Francesca Romana Grati, Beverly S Emanuel, Kimberly Gaiser, J William Gaynor, Elizabeth Goldmuntz, Daniel E Mcginn, Erica Schindewolf, Oanh Tran, Elaine H Zackai, Qi Yan, Anne S Bassett, Ronald Wapner, Donna M Mcdonald-Mcginn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is the most common microdeletion syndrome and is frequently associated with congenital heart disease. Prenatal diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is increasingly offered. It is unknown whether there is a clinical benefit to prenatal detection as compared with postnatal diagnosis.

Objective: This study aimed to determine differences in perinatal and infant outcomes between patients with prenatal and postnatal diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.

Study design: This was a retrospective cohort study across multiple international centers (30 sites, 4 continents) from 2006 to 2019. Participants were fetuses, neonates, or infants with a genetic diagnosis of 22q11.2 …

What The Future Looks Like: Heralding The Unique Missions Of Translational Issues In Psychological Science, Jacklynn M. Fitzgerald

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Real-World Efficacy And Safety Of Amivantamab For Egfr-Mutant Nsclc, Kaiwen Wang, Robyn Du, Nathaniel J Myall, Whitney E Lewis, Natalie Uy, Lingzhi Hong, Ferdinandos Skoulidis, Lauren A Byers, Anne Tsao, Tina Cascone, Jenny Pozadzides, Janet Tu, Marcelo V Negrao, Don L Gibbons, Keunchil Park, Waree Rinsurongkawong, J Jack Lee, David Gandara, Deepti Behl, Catherine A Shu, Jonathan W Riess, Christina Baik, Heather A Wakelee, Ara A Vaporciyan, John V Heymach, Jianjun Zhang, Xiuning Le

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Amivantamab-vmjw (amivantamab) is a bispecific EGFR/MET antibody approved for patients with advanced NSCLC with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations, after prior therapy. Nevertheless, the benefits and safety of amivantamab in other EGFR-mutant lung cancer, with or without osimertinib, and with concurrent radiation therapy, are less known.

Methods: We queried the MD Anderson Lung Cancer GEMINI, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Stanford Cancer Center's database for patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC treated with amivantamab, not on a clinical trial. The data analyzed included initial response, duration of treatment, and concomitant radiation safety in …

A Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Cognitive Behavioural Interventions Based On Delivery Features For Elevated Symptoms Of Depression In Adolescents: A Systematic Review, Gretchen Bjornstad, Shreya Sonthalia, Benjamin Rouse, Leanne Freeman, Natasha Hessami, Jo Hickman Dunne, Nick Axford

Peninsula Medical School

Background: Depression is a public health problem and common amongst adolescents. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is widely used to treat adolescent depression but existing research does not provide clear conclusions regarding the relative effectiveness of different delivery modalities. Objectives: The primary aim is to estimate the relative efficacy of different modes of CBT delivery compared with each other and control conditions for reducing depressive symptoms in adolescents. The secondary aim is to compare the different modes of delivery with regard to intervention completion/attrition (a proxy for intervention acceptability). Search Methods: The Cochrane Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Clinical Trials Register was …

Clinical Characteristics Of People With Intellectual Disability Admitted To Hospital With Constipation: Identifying Possible Specific High‐Risk Factors, R Laugharne, M Wilcock, J Rees, D Wainwright, Et Al

Peninsula Medical School

Background People with intellectual disabilities (ID) die on an average 20 years earlier to the general population. They have higher rates of multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Around 25% of people with ID report chronic constipation. The England Learning Disabilities Mortality Review found that nearly 25% of deaths identified constipation as a long-term health problem. However, the likely risk factors for constipation related harm are poorly enumerated. We sought to identify possible specific high-risk factors by examining the clinical characteristics of people with ID admitted to hospital with constipation. Methods Data of people with ID admitted with constipation in two general hospitals …

A Generalized Calibrated Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling Approach To Basket Trials With Multiple Endpoints, Xiaohan Chi, Ying Yuan, Zhangsheng Yu, Ruitao Lin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A basket trial simultaneously evaluates a treatment in multiple cancer subtypes, offering an effective way to accelerate the drug development in multiple indications. Many basket trials are designed and monitored based on a single efficacy endpoint, primarily the tumor response. For molecular targeted or immunotherapy agents, however, a single efficacy endpoint cannot adequately characterize the treatment effect. It is increasingly important to use more complex endpoints to comprehensively assess the risk–benefit profile of such targeted therapies. We extend the calibrated Bayesian hierarchical modeling approach (Chu and Yuan, 2018a) to monitor phase II basket trials with multiple endpoints. We …

Comparing 90-Day Postoperative Mortality After Neoadjuvant Proton-Based Versus Photon-Based Chemoradiotherapy For Esophageal Cancer, Pim J J Damen, Peter S N Van Rossum, Yiqing Chen, Chike O Abana, Zhongxing Liao, Brian P Hobbs, Radhe Mohan, Mariela Blum-Murphy, Wayne L Hofstetter, Steven H Lin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Evidence suggests that proton-beam therapy (PBT) results in less toxicity and postoperative complications compared to photon-based radiotherapy in patients who receive chemoradiotherapy followed by esophagectomy for cancer. Ninety-day mortality (90DM) is an important measure of the postoperative (nononcologic) outcome as proxy of quality-of-care. We hypothesize that PBT could reduce 90DM compared to photon-based radiotherapy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: From a single-center retrospective database patients treated with chemoradiotherapy before esophagectomy for cancer were selected (1998-2022). Univariable logistic regression was used to study the association of radiotherapy modality with 90DM. Three separate methods were applied to adjust for confounding bias, including multivariable …

Determining A Urinary-Specific Antibiogram And Risk Factors Of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Ciprofloxacin And Multidrug Resistance Among Enterobacterales In Primary Care, Marissa Valentine-King, Michael A Hansen, Roger Zoorob, Matthew Schlueter, Jennifer L Matas, Samuel E Willis, Lisa C K Danek, Kenneth Muldrew, Mohammad Zare, Forrest Hudson, Robert L Atmar, Andrew Chou, Barbara W Trautner, Larissa Grigoryan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Risk factors for ciprofloxacin or MDR in primary care urine specimens are not well defined.

Objectives: We created a primary care-specific antibiogram for Escherichia coli isolates from cases with complicated and uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) and evaluated risk factors for ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and MDR among Enterobacterales.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine resistance and risk factors by collecting urine cultures from all patients (≥18 years) presenting with provider-suspected UTI at two primary care, safety-net clinics in Houston, TX, USA between November 2018 and March 2020.

Results: Among 1262 cultures, 308 cultures grew 339 uropathogens. Patients with …

The Fatigue-Inducing Effects Of Cancer And Its Therapy Are Characterized By Decreased Physical Activity In The Absence Of Any Motivational Deficit, Thien T Phan, Kiersten S Scott, Brandon Chelette, A Phillip West, Robert Dantzer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although cancer and its therapy are well known to be associated with fatigue, the exact nature of cancer-related fatigue remains ill-defined. We previously reported that fatigue-like behavior induced independently by tumor growth and by the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin is characterized by reduced voluntary wheel running and an intact motivation to expand effort for food rewards. The present set of experiments was initiated to characterize the functional consequences of fatigue induced by chemoradiotherapy in tumor-bearing mice and relate them to changes in the expression of genes coding for inflammation, mitochondria dynamics and metabolism. Two syngeneic murine models of cancer were selected …

Surrogate Endpoints In Clinical Trials Of P16-Positive Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Oropharynx: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis, Laila A Gharzai, Emily Morris, Krithika Suresh, Phuc Felix Nguyen-Tân, David I Rosenthal, Maura L Gillison, Paul M Harari, Adam S Garden, Shlomo Koyfman, Jimmy J Caudell, Christopher U Jones, Darrion L Mitchell, Greg Krempl, John A Ridge, Michael F Gensheimer, James A Bonner, Edith Filion, Neal E Dunlap, William A Stokes, Quynh-Thu Le, Pedro Torres-Saavedra, Michelle Mierzwa, Matthew J Schipper

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The increased incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers has motivated efforts to optimise treatment for these patients with excellent prognosis. Validation of surrogates for overall survival could expedite the investigation of new therapies. We sought to evaluate candidate intermediate clinical endpoints in trials assessing definitive treatment of p16-positive oropharyngeal cancer with chemotherapy or radiotherapy.

Methods: We did a retrospective review of five multicentre, randomised trials (NRG/RTOG 9003, 0129, 0234, 0522, and 1016) that tested radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy in patients (aged ≥18 years) with p16-positive localised head or neck squamous-cell carcinomas. Eight intermediate clinical endpoints were considered as …

Comprehensive Immunogenomic Profiling Of Idh1-/2-Altered Cholangiocarcinoma, Shalini Makawita, Sunyoung Lee, Elisabeth Kong, Lawrence N Kwong, Zeyad Abouelfetouh, Anaemy Danner De Armas, Lianchun Xiao, Karthikeyan Murugesan, Natalie Danziger, Dean Pavlick, Anil Korkut, Jeffrey S Ross, Milind Javle

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)1/2 genomic alterations (GA) occur in 20% of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA); however, the immunogenomic landscape of IDH1-/2-mutated iCCA is largely unknown.

Methods: Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) was performed on 3,067 cases of advanced iCCA. Tumor mutational burden (TMB), PD-L1 expression (Dako 22C3), microsatellite instability (MSI), and genomic loss of heterozygosity (gLOH) as a surrogate marker for homologous recombination deficiency were examined. RNA sequencing of 73 patient samples was analyzed for differences in stromal/immune cell infiltration, immune marker expression, and T-cell inflammation. Tissue microarray arrays were subjected to multiplex immunohistochemistry and colocalization …

Tongue Electrical Impedance Myography Correlates With Functional, Neurophysiologic, And Clinical Outcome Measures In Long-Term Oropharyngeal Cancer Survivors With And Without Hypoglossal Neuropathy: An Exploratory Study, Nathan J Hansen, Karin Woodman, Sheila Buoy, Shitong Mao, Carly E A Barbon, Stephen Y Lai, C David Fuller, Katherine A Hutcheson, Benjamin Sanchez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: This pilot study analyzed correlations between tongue electrical impedance myography (EIM), standard tongue electromyography (EMG), and tongue functional measures in N = 4 long-term oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) survivors.

Methods: Patients were screened for a supportive care trial (NCT04151082). Hypoglossal nerve function was evaluated with genioglossus needle EMG, functional measures with the Iowa oral performance instrument (IOPI), and multi-frequency tissue composition with tongue EIM.

Results: Tongue EIM conductivity was higher for patients with EMG-confirmed cranial nerve XII neuropathy than those without (p = 0.005) and in patients with mild versus normal EMG reinnervation ratings (16 kHz EIM: p …

Personal History Of Cancer As A Risk Factor For Second Primary Lung Cancer: Implications For Lung Cancer Screening, Sara Nofal, Jiangong Niu, Paul Resong, Jeff Jin, Kelly W Merriman, Xiuning Le, Hormuzd Katki, John Heymach, Mara B Antonoff, Edwin Ostrin, Jia Wu, Jianjun Zhang, Iakovos Toumazis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Personal history of cancer is an independent risk factor for lung cancer but is omitted from existing lung cancer screening eligibility criteria. In this study, we assess the lung cancer risk among cancer survivors and discuss potential implications for screening.

Methods: This was a retrospective, secondary analysis of data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry and the MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC). We estimated the standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for lung cancer by site of first primary cancer using data from SEER. We assessed the lung cancer risk among head and neck cancer survivors from MDACC …

Analysis Of East Asia Subgroup In Study 309/Keynote-775: Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab Versus Treatment Of Physician's Choice Chemotherapy In Patients With Previously Treated Advanced Or Recurrent Endometrial Cancer, Kan Yonemori, Keiichi Fujiwara, Kosei Hasegawa, Mayu Yunokawa, Kimio Ushijima, Shiro Suzuki, Ayumi Shikama, Shinichiro Minobe, Tomoka Usami, Jae-Weon Kim, Byoung-Gie Kim, Peng-Hui Wang, Ting-Chang Chang, Keiko Yamamoto, Shirong Han, Jodi Mckenzie, Robert J Orlowski, Takuma Miura, Vicky Makker, Yong Man Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: In the global phase 3 Study 309/KEYNOTE-775 (NCT03517449) at the first interim analysis, lenvatinib+pembrolizumab significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR) versus treatment of physician's choice chemotherapy (TPC) in patients with previously treated advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer (EC). This exploratory analysis evaluated outcomes in patients enrolled in East Asia at the time of prespecified final analysis.

METHODS: Women ≥18 years with histologically confirmed advanced, recurrent, or metastatic EC with progressive disease after 1 platinum-based chemotherapy (2 if 1 given in neoadjuvant/adjuvant setting) were enrolled. Patients were randomized 1:1 to lenvatinib 20 mg orally once …

Watching The Fall Of Roe V Wade: Media Exposure Relates To Us Women's Alcohol Use Intentions, Stacy M Post, Mary C Jobe, Arianne N Malekzadeh, Katarina E Aubuchon, Rebecca K Hoffman, Michelle L Stock, Lisa Bowleg

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: The Supreme Court of the United States’ decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization in June 2022 overturned Roe v. Wade and ended federal protection of abortion rights. Given the drastic policy changes as a result of the ruling and high exposure to media related to abortion, women opposed to the decision may have experienced distress, which could trigger maladaptive coping strategies, such as alcohol use. The present research examined how consuming abortion-related media in the weeks following the Dobbs decision impacted alcohol use intentions among women of reproductive age residing in the 13 “trigger law” states that …

Artificial Intelligence-Based Radiotherapy Contouring And Planning To Improve Global Access To Cancer Care, Laurence E Court, Ajay Aggarwal, Anuja Jhingran, Komeela Naidoo, Tucker Netherton, Adenike Olanrewaju, Christine Peterson, Jeannette Parkes, Hannah Simonds, Christoph Trauernicht, Lifei Zhang, Beth M Beadle, Radiation Planning Assistant Consortium Collaborators, Affiliations Expand

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Increased automation has been identified as one approach to improving global cancer care. The Radiation Planning Assistant (RPA) is a web-based tool offering automated radiotherapy (RT) contouring and planning to low-resource clinics. In this study, the RPA workflow and clinical acceptability were assessed by physicians around the world.

METHODS: The RPA output for 75 cases was reviewed by at least three physicians; 31 radiation oncologists at 16 institutions in six countries on five continents reviewed RPA contours and plans for clinical acceptability using a 5-point Likert scale.

RESULTS: For cervical cancer, RPA plans using bony landmarks were scored as …

Trps1 Expression In Non-Melanocytic Cutaneous Neoplasms: An Immunohistochemical Analysis Of 200 Cases, Yi A Liu, Phyu P Aung, Yunyi Wang, Jing Ning, Priyadharsini Nagarajan, Jonathan L Curry, Carlos A Torres-Cabala, Doina Ivan, Victor G Prieto, Qingqing Ding, Woo Cheal Cho

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Although trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type 1 (TRPS1) was initially thought to be highly sensitive and specific for carcinomas and mesenchymal tumors of mammary origin, more recent data suggest its expression is not limited to breast neoplasms but also can be seen in other cutaneous neoplasms, such as extramammary Paget disease and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ.

METHODS: Two-hundred cases of non-melanocytic cutaneous neoplasm, including basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) (n = 41), SCCs (n = 35), Merkel cell carcinomas (MCCs) (n = 25), and adnexal neoplasms (n = 99), were tested for TRPS1 expression using a monoclonal anti- TRPS1 rabbit …

Imaging Predictors Of 4q12 Amplified And Rb1 Mutated Glioblastoma Idh-Wildtype, Antonio Dono, Jose Torres, Luis Nunez, Octavio Arevalo, Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Quinteros, Roy F Riascos, Arash Kamali, Nitin Tandon, Leomar Y Ballester, Yoshua Esquenazi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Recent studies have identified that glioblastoma IDH-wildtype consists of different molecular subgroups with distinct prognoses. In order to accurately describe and classify gliomas, the Visually AcceSAble Rembrandt Images (VASARI) system was developed. The goal of this study was to evaluate the VASARI characteristics in molecular subgroups of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of glioblastoma IDH- wildtype with comprehensive next-generation sequencing and pre-operative and post-operative MRI was performed. VASARI characteristics and 205 genes were evaluated. Multiple comparison adjustment by the Bejamin-Hochberg false discovery rate (BH-FDR) was performed. A 1:3 propensity score match (PSM) with a Caliper of 0.2 was …

Case Series: Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia In Pediatric Oncology Patients, Sanila Sarkar, Lea M Stitzlein, Emily Rav, Miriam B Garcia, Shehla Razvi, Michael Chang, Ramia Zakhour

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a bacterial pathogen that can be fatal in hospitalized and immunocompromised patients with mortality as high as 69%. Pediatric cancer patients often have risk factors that are common for this infection, making them particularly susceptible. Managing S. maltophilia is especially challenging as it has inherent resistance to several antibiotics. Furthermore, soft tissue infections in neutropenic patients may deviate from the typical clinical presentation of S. maltophilia.

Case details: This case series describes an in-depth examination of three cases involving immunocompromised pediatric patients with S. maltophilia infections. Each case exhibited a distinct clinical presentation, encompassing infection of …

Identification Of Pancreatic Cancer Germline Risk Variants With Effects That Are Modified By Smoking, Huili Zhu, Jaihee Choi, Naishu Kui, Tianzhong Yang, Peng Wei, Donghui Li, Ryan Sun

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a deadly disease most often diagnosed in late stages. Identification of high-risk subjects could both contribute to preventative measures and help diagnose the disease at earlier timepoints. However, known risk factors, assessed independently, are currently insufficient for accurately stratifying patients. We use large-scale data from the UK Biobank (UKB) to identify genetic variant-smoking interaction effects and show their importance in risk assessment.

Methods: We draw data from 15,086,830 genetic variants and 315,512 individuals in the UKB. There are 765 cases of PC. Crucially, robust resampling corrections are used to overcome well-known challenges in hypothesis testing …

Genome-Wide Gene-Environment Interaction Analyses To Understand The Relationship Between Red Meat And Processed Meat Intake And Colorectal Cancer Risk, Mariana C Stern, Joel Sanchez Mendez, Andre E Kim, Mireia Obón-Santacana, Ferran Moratalla-Navarro, Vicente Martín, Victor Moreno, Yi Lin, Stephanie A Bien, Conghui Qu, Yu-Ru Su, Emily White, Tabitha A Harrison, Jeroen R Huyghe, Catherine M Tangen, Polly A Newcomb, Amanda I Phipps, Claire E Thomas, Eric S Kawaguchi, Juan Pablo Lewinger, John L Morrison, David V Conti, Jun Wang, Duncan C Thomas, Elizabeth A Platz, Kala Visvanathan, Temitope O Keku, Christina C Newton, Caroline Y Um, Anshul Kundaje, Anna Shcherbina, Neil Murphy, Marc J Gunter, Niki Dimou, Nikos Papadimitriou, Stéphane Bézieau, Franzel J B Van Duijnhoven, Satu Männistö, Gad Rennert, Alicja Wolk, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner, Jenny Chang-Claude, Yu Tian, Loïc Le Marchand, Michelle Cotterchio, Konstantinos K Tsilidis, D Timothy Bishop, Yohannes Adama Melaku, Brigid M Lynch, Daniel D Buchanan, Cornelia M Ulrich, Jennifer Ose, Anita R Peoples, Andrew J Pellatt, Li Li, Matthew A M Devall, Peter T Campbell, Demetrius Albanes, Stephanie J Weinstein, Sonja I Berndt, Stephen B Gruber, Edward Ruiz-Narvaez, Mingyang Song, Amit D Joshi, David A Drew, Jessica L Petrick, Andrew T Chan, Marios Giannakis, Ulrike Peters, Li Hsu, W James Gauderman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: High red meat and/or processed meat consumption are established colorectal cancer risk factors. We conducted a genome-wide gene-environment (GxE) interaction analysis to identify genetic variants that may modify these associations.

Methods: A pooled sample of 29,842 colorectal cancer cases and 39,635 controls of European ancestry from 27 studies were included. Quantiles for red meat and processed meat intake were constructed from harmonized questionnaire data. Genotyping arrays were imputed to the Haplotype Reference Consortium. Two-step EDGE and joint tests of GxE interaction were utilized in our genome-wide scan.

Results: Meta-analyses confirmed positive associations between increased consumption of red meat and …

Systematic Evaluation Of Mri-Based Characterization Of Tumor-Associated Vascular Morphology And Hemodynamics Via A Dynamic Digital Phantom, Chengyue Wu, David A Hormuth, Ty Easley, Federico Pineda, Gregory S Karczmar, Thomas E Yankeelov

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Validation of quantitative imaging biomarkers is a challenging task, due to the difficulty in measuring the ground truth of the target biological process. A digital phantom-based framework is established to systematically validate the quantitative characterization of tumor-associated vascular morphology and hemodynamics based on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).

Approach: A digital phantom is employed to provide a ground-truth vascular system within which 45 synthetic tumors are simulated. Morphological analysis is performed on high-spatial resolution DCE-MRI data (spatial/temporal resolution = 30 to 300μm/60s" role="presentation" style="box-sizing: inherit; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; font-size: 18.08px; font-size-adjust: none; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; text-wrap-mode: …

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors As Therapeutic Target For Cancer, Yuqing Wang, Feifei Lei, Yiyun Lin, Yuru Han, Lei Yang, Huabing Tan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor family. There are three subtypes of PPARs, including PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ. They are expressed in different tissues and act by regulating the expression of target genes in the form of binding to ligands. Various subtypes of PPAR have been shown to have significant roles in a wide range of biological processes including lipid metabolism, body energy homeostasis, cell proliferation and differentiation, bone formation, tissue repair and remodelling. Recent studies have found that PPARs are closely related to tumours. They are involved in cancer cell growth, angiogenesis and …

Omics-Based Profiles And Biomarkers Of Respiratory Infections: Are We There Yet?, Jezreel Pantaleon Garcia, Scott E Evans

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Descriptive omics-based clinical research provides valuable early steps in understanding host immune responses to respiratory pathogens in our global efforts to mitigate the impacts of severe respiratory infections with rapidly evolving technologies https://bit.ly/4bjJsvL

Examining Psychometric Properties Of The Metacognitions About Smoking Questionnaire Among Young E-Cigarette Users, Aslesha Sumbe, Robert Suchting, Baojiang Chen, Anna V Wilkinson, Bara Bataineh, Stephanie L Clendennen, Melissa B Harrell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Metacognition can be understood as 'cognition of cognition' or 'thinking about thinking'. Metacognition research has primarily focused on cigarette smoking, while e-cigarette use has been relatively unexplored. The study sought to examine the properties of the Metacognitions about Smoking Questionnaire (MSQ), as it was adapted for use among adolescent and young adult e-cigarette users. Further, the study sought to examine the ability of the Metacognitions about Smoking Questionnaire (MSQ) to predict past 30-day e-cigarette use among adolescent and young adult e-cigarette users.

Methods: The study analyzed data collected by the Texas Adolescent Tobacco and Marketing Surveillance System (TATAMS) in …

Management Of Incomplete Microcirculatory Reperfusion After Endovascular Thrombectomy: Focus On Inhibition Of The Glycoprotein Iib/Iiia Receptor Pathway, Neeharika Krothapalli, Thomas Ortel, Devin Mcbride, Adam De Havenon, Lauren H Sansing, David Hasan, Brian Mac Grory

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is one of the most effective therapies for acute ischemic stroke attributable to large-vessel occlusion but, despite successful treatment, there remains a significant number of patients with disability. The phenomenon of incomplete microcirculatory reperfusion or no reflow is thought to underlie a substantial proportion of cases with unfavorable outcome. This phenomenon likely arises from platelet aggregation and endothelial edema impacting the cerebral microvasculature, vessels that are below the resolution of digital subtraction angiography. Although incomplete microcirculatory reperfusion prevents tissue recovery and poses a significant clinical challenge, there are multiple therapeutic options administered early after recanalization that have …

Reducing Frame Rate And Pulse Rate For Routine Diagnostic Cerebral Angiography: Alara Principles In Practice, Arvin R Wali, Sarath Pathuri, Michael G Brandel, Ryan W Sindewald, Brian R Hirshman, Javier A Bravo, Jeffrey A Steinberg, Scott E Olson, Jeffrey S Pannell, Alexander Khalessi, David Santiago-Dieppa

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Diagnostic cerebral angiograms (DCAs) are widely used in neurosurgery due to their high sensitivity and specificity to diagnose and characterize pathology using ionizing radiation. Eliminating unnecessary radiation is critical to reduce risk to patients, providers, and health care staff. We investigated if reducing pulse and frame rates during routine DCAs would decrease radiation burden without compromising image quality.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of prospectively acquired data after implementing a quality improvement protocol in which pulse rate and frame rate were reduced from 15 p/s to 7.5 p/s and 7.5 f/s to 4.0 f/s respectively. Radiation doses and …

Can Neighbourhoods Save The Smart City?, Alessandro Aurigi

School of Art, Design and Architecture

For decades, accounts and speculations on the emergence of digitally-augmented environments have suggested utopian, and dystopian, visions of increased spatial fluidities - doing anything from anywhere - in which the role of specific places could become redundant. The emergence of smart urbanism, through technocratic visions of central, algorithmic control, could materialize such centrifugal detachment from place and local context, as it operates a shift of agency from space and community to code. Are, therefore, the hyper-local scale, and neighbourhoods, relevant entities in our increasingly digital urban environments? This paper makes a case for the smart neighbourhood not as a plain, …