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Effect Of High Fat, High Fat And High Fructose Diet On Hyperuricemia In Rats, Che Yingjuan, Chen Yan, Chen Tingting, Luo Shunjing, Liu Chengmei Sep 2024

Effect Of High Fat, High Fat And High Fructose Diet On Hyperuricemia In Rats, Che Yingjuan, Chen Yan, Chen Tingting, Luo Shunjing, Liu Chengmei

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of high fat diet and high fat and high fructose diet on uric acid level and liver and kidney function in hyperuricemia (HUA) rats. [Methods] 24 rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, high-fat diet group and high-fat and high-fructose diet group. All rats were fed with the corresponding diets, except the control group, 500 mg/kg potassium oxazinate and 100 mg/kg adenine per day. After 6 weeks, serum biochemical indexes such as uric acid and creatinine were determined, and pathological examination of kidney and liver was performed. [Results] The uric …

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Effect Of Β-Hydroxy-Β-Methylbutyric Acid On Muscle Protection During Taekwondo Team Training, Song Boya, Jiang Tao, Gou Bo, Wang Qirong, Liu Qiang, Feng Haotian Sep 2024

Effect Of Β-Hydroxy-Β-Methylbutyric Acid On Muscle Protection During Taekwondo Team Training, Song Boya, Jiang Tao, Gou Bo, Wang Qirong, Liu Qiang, Feng Haotian

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To investigate the effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate （HMβ） supplementation on muscle protection in taekwondo players during training. [Methods] 18 male subjects above the second level of the Taekwondo special Team who voluntarily participated in the experiment were recruited and divided into experimental and control groups （9 each） according to the conditions. The experimental group consumed one sachet （25 g/bag, the amount of HMβ added was 500 mg/bag） of HMβ-added milk powder before and after training （with a break of more than 30 min） in the morning and afternoon from Monday to Saturday, …

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Optimization Of Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction Process And Antioxidant Activities Of Flavonoids From Exocarpium Citri Grandis, Liang Yongyi, Xiao Dongyue, Wang Hong, Liang Yizhu, Zeng Xiaofang Sep 2024

Optimization Of Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction Process And Antioxidant Activities Of Flavonoids From Exocarpium Citri Grandis, Liang Yongyi, Xiao Dongyue, Wang Hong, Liang Yizhu, Zeng Xiaofang

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to optimize the process of deep eutectic solvent extraction of flavonoids from exocarpium Citri grandis and to evaluate its antioxidant activity. [Methods] The type of deep eutectic solvent system, the water content of deep eutectic solvent, material-to-liquid ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time were selected as experimental variables, and the yield of flavonoids was used as response variables to conduct single factor experiment. Then the single factors with significant differences were screened to optimize the process of deep eutectic solvent extraction of exocarpium C. grandis flavonoids by response surface methods. Finally, the scavenging ability of exocarpium …

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Research Progress On Extraction Techniques, Nutritional Composition And Health Benefits Of Gardenia Fruit Oil, Hu Zicong, Li Qunhe, Su Fengxian, Hu Chaofan, Zou Ying Sep 2024

Research Progress On Extraction Techniques, Nutritional Composition And Health Benefits Of Gardenia Fruit Oil, Hu Zicong, Li Qunhe, Su Fengxian, Hu Chaofan, Zou Ying

Food and Machinery

Gardenia fruit oil is an edible vegetable oil extracted from gardenia fruit, which possesses various health benefits including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, anti-depressant, and liver protection. Its unsaturated fatty acids account for more than 70% of the total fatty acids, and it also contains phenolic acids, tocopherols, phytosterols and other active components. In this review, the extraction process, nutritional composition and health effects of gardenia fructus oil were systematically introduced, and the key work that should be focused on the high-value utilization of gardenia fructus oil in food, cosmetics and biomedicine was prospected.

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Review: Unsettling Archival Research: Engaging Critical, Communal, And Digital Archives, Dina López Sep 2024

Review: Unsettling Archival Research: Engaging Critical, Communal, And Digital Archives, Dina López

The Writing Center Journal

Review of Unsettling Archival Research: Engaging Critical, Communal, and Digital Archives, edited by Gesa E Kirsch, Romeo García, Caitlin Burns Allen and Walker P. Smith.

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Efficacy And Mechanism Of Action Of Cd40 Ligand And Interleukin-12 Plasmid Electroporation Intratumoral Immunotherapy, Gregory W. Ho Sep 2024

Efficacy And Mechanism Of Action Of Cd40 Ligand And Interleukin-12 Plasmid Electroporation Intratumoral Immunotherapy, Gregory W. Ho

Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations

Cancer is a disease in which normal cells have become altered such that they divide uncontrollably, ultimately leading to tissue destruction. While efficacious cancer therapies have been developed in recent decades, many of them come with drawbacks such as cost and systemic toxicity. Additionally, solid tumors remain difficult to treat due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Intratumoral immunotherapy (ITIT) strives to generate effective antitumor immunity by directly administering immunostimulatory adjuvants into tumors to reverse local tumor-mediated immune suppression and generate systemic immune responses against metastases. Intratumoral immunotherapy utilizing in vivo expression of interleukin-12 (IL-12) via plasmid electroporation has been investigated …

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Soil Moisture-Derived Swdi At 30 M Based On Multiple Satellite Datasets For Agricultural Drought Monitoring, Jing Ning, Yunjun Yao, Joshua B. Fisher, Yufu Li, Xiaotong Zhang, Bo Jiang, Jia Xu, Ruiyang Yu, Lu Liu, Xueyi Zhang, Zijing Xie, Jiahui Fan, Luna Zhang Sep 2024

Soil Moisture-Derived Swdi At 30 M Based On Multiple Satellite Datasets For Agricultural Drought Monitoring, Jing Ning, Yunjun Yao, Joshua B. Fisher, Yufu Li, Xiaotong Zhang, Bo Jiang, Jia Xu, Ruiyang Yu, Lu Liu, Xueyi Zhang, Zijing Xie, Jiahui Fan, Luna Zhang

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

As a major agricultural hazard, drought frequently occurs due to a reduction in precipitation resulting in a continuously propagating soil moisture (SM) deficit. Assessment of the high spatial-resolution SM-derived drought index is crucial for monitoring agricultural drought. In this study, we generated a downscaled random forest SM dataset (RF-SM) and calculated the soil water deficit index (RF-SM-SWDI) at 30 m for agricultural drought monitoring. The results showed that the RF-SM dataset exhibited better consistency with in situ SM observations in the detection of extremes than did the SM products, including SMAP, SMOS, NCA-LDAS, and ESA CCI, for different land cover …

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Investigating The Inhibitory Effect Of Β-Rb1-Lip On Lipid Droplet Accumulation In 3t3-L1 Adipocytes, You Xiaoyan, Liu Hui, Duan Xu, Chen Yue Sep 2024

Investigating The Inhibitory Effect Of Β-Rb1-Lip On Lipid Droplet Accumulation In 3t3-L1 Adipocytes, You Xiaoyan, Liu Hui, Duan Xu, Chen Yue

Food and Machinery

[Objective] β-Sitosterol-modified ginsenoside Rb1 liposomes （β-Rb1-Lip） were prepared to reduce the degradation of Rb1 and enhance the lipid-lowering effects of ginsenoside Rb1. [Methods] β-sitosterol-modified ginsenoside Rb1 liposomes were prepared by the thin-film hydration method. The biosafety of the liposomes was assessed using the MTT assay. The inhibition of lipid droplet accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by β-Rb1-Lip was investigated using Oil Red O staining and triglyceride （TG） content measurement with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. [Results] The prepared β-Rb1-Lip liposomes had an encapsulation efficiency of 83.74% and …

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Comparison Of Physicochemical Properties Of Mung Bean Liquid And Quality Characteristics Of Mung Bean Yuba By Different Thermoultrasonic Treatment, Sun Jiahui, Wang Juntong, Zheng Xiqun, Zuo Feng Sep 2024

Comparison Of Physicochemical Properties Of Mung Bean Liquid And Quality Characteristics Of Mung Bean Yuba By Different Thermoultrasonic Treatment, Sun Jiahui, Wang Juntong, Zheng Xiqun, Zuo Feng

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to study the effect of thermal ultrasound on the physicochemical properties of mung bean milk liquid and the quality of yuba. [Methods] Using mung bean as raw material, mung bean slurry was treated with different thermal ultrasonic conditions and made into yuba. [Results] Compared with untreated slurry, with the increase of temperature, the increase in particle size and thiol content showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. At 50 ℃, the particle size of 100 and 150 W increased from 156.27 nm to 208.06 nm and 191.96 nm, and the thiol content increased from …

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Effects Of Enzymolysis And Glycosylation On The Characteristics Of Porcine Skin Collagen, Lu Yuting, Liu Lili, Yu Ying, Su Kenan, Wu Tong Sep 2024

Effects Of Enzymolysis And Glycosylation On The Characteristics Of Porcine Skin Collagen, Lu Yuting, Liu Lili, Yu Ying, Su Kenan, Wu Tong

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to improve the processing characteristics of collagen. [Methods] Using pig skin collagen and enzymatic hydrolysis pig skin collagen (H-PC) as a control, the antioxidant, emulsification, and other functional properties of the complex after enzymatic hydrolysis and glycosylation (HG-PC) were analyzed. The structure of HG-PC was studied by UV-VIS spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, and Fourier infrared spectrum. [Results] The results showed that compared with PC and H-PC, the DPPH free radical scavenging rate, water retention, emulsification, emulsification stability, foaming stability, and foaming stability of HG-PC were significantly increased (P＜0.05). While the oil retention, surface hydrophobicity, and …

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Comparative Analysis Of Optical Characterization Parameters For Tea Oil Forensics, Guan Jinwei, Li Dapeng, Gong Zhongliang, Liu Qiang, Jiang Han Sep 2024

Comparative Analysis Of Optical Characterization Parameters For Tea Oil Forensics, Guan Jinwei, Li Dapeng, Gong Zhongliang, Liu Qiang, Jiang Han

Food and Machinery

[Objective] In order to compare the ability of optical characteristic parameters [absorption coefficient （μa） and approximate scattering coefficient （μ′s）] to identify adulterated tea oil and to explore the enhancement effect of the combination of extraction methods on the model to achieve a faster and more accurate identification of different kinds of adulterated oils. [Methods] In this study, vegetable oils were used as experimental materials to prepare adulterated tea oils with different mass fractions. Different preprocessing methods were used to preprocess the optical characteristic parameter data, followed by feature band extraction and subsequent establishment …

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Study On Simultaneous Determination Of Arsenic Speciation And Selenium Speciation In Selenium-Rich Foods By Hplc-Icp-Ms, Feng Hao, Su Ying, Geng Yawen, Hu Jiayong, Zhang Tao, Lin Jin Sep 2024

Study On Simultaneous Determination Of Arsenic Speciation And Selenium Speciation In Selenium-Rich Foods By Hplc-Icp-Ms, Feng Hao, Su Ying, Geng Yawen, Hu Jiayong, Zhang Tao, Lin Jin

Food and Machinery

[Objective] A method for the simultaneous determination of arsenate [As(Ⅲ)], Arsenate [As(Ⅴ)], monomethylarsenate (MMA), dimethylarsenate (DMA), Arsine betaine (AsB), methyl-selenocysteine (MeSeCys) and selenomide in food was developed by high performance liquid phase inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS), and a total of 10 kinds of arsenic and selenium element forms of As and Se, including acid (SeMet), selenocysteine (SeCys2), selenite [Se(Ⅳ)] and selenate \. [Methods] Taking selenium rich rice as the research object, the best extraction method was determined by comparing different extraction methods and different kinds of enzymes. Moreover, different chromatographic columns, mobile phase composition, mobile phase pH, mobile …

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Simultaneous Determination Of 43 Kinds Of Fungicides In Fruits And Vegetables By High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry, Li Qiaolian, Wang Yansong, Luo Jingyang, Xuan Tong Sep 2024

Simultaneous Determination Of 43 Kinds Of Fungicides In Fruits And Vegetables By High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry, Li Qiaolian, Wang Yansong, Luo Jingyang, Xuan Tong

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aims to realize the simultaneous determination of fungicide residues in vegetables and fruits. [Methods] A liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole composite linear ion TRAP-mass spectrometry (LC-QTRAP-MS/MS) method was established for the simultaneous determination of fungicide residues in fruits and vegetables. The samples were salted out with sodium acetate and anhydrous magnesium sulfate in an acetonitrile solution containing 0.1% acetic acid, magnesium sulfate, ethylenediamine-n-propyl silanized silica gel (PSA), octadecylsilane bonded silica gel (HC-C18) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used for purification. Mass spectrometry was conducted utilizing the enhanced ion scanning mode (MRM-IDA-EPI) and spectral library retrieval technology. …

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Research On Hand-Eye Calibration Method Of Robot Grasping System Based On Visual Guidance, Jia Tong, Bi Dexue, Song Weichen, Mao Xiaotian Sep 2024

Research On Hand-Eye Calibration Method Of Robot Grasping System Based On Visual Guidance, Jia Tong, Bi Dexue, Song Weichen, Mao Xiaotian

Food and Machinery

[Objective] Designing a apace grid-based hand-eye calibration method to reduce robot positioning errors and calibration object Recognition errors in automated food production lines. [Methods] Based on the composition of the attitude matrix, the attitude and position of the end of the robot relative to the camera were obtained by translating and rotating the end of the robot, and a registration method using known corresponding point pairs was proposed to reduce the influence of the robot positioning error on the attitude solution in the translation method. Based on the space circle fitting method, a two-point vector method was proposed to solve …

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Fuzzy Pid Design For Rotating Speed Of Rolling Drum Of Tea Twisting Machine Based On Stm32, He Yuchi, Chen Yongle, He Liang, Wu Ruimei, Ling Xuelong, Xiong Aihua Sep 2024

Fuzzy Pid Design For Rotating Speed Of Rolling Drum Of Tea Twisting Machine Based On Stm32, He Yuchi, Chen Yongle, He Liang, Wu Ruimei, Ling Xuelong, Xiong Aihua

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To meet the requirements of constant and adjustable rotation speed of rolling barrel and constant rotation speed of rolling barrel when tea is rolled. [Methods] The 6CR-55 single-column disc twisting machine was used as the research object in this paper. Fuzzy control algorithm and PWM closed-loop control method were investigated to study the stable control of rotating speed of rolling drum, and established the mathematical model of rotating speed control system of rolling drum based on the STM32 single-chip microcontroller. The simulation experiments of uncorrected, PID and fuzzy PID algorithm control system were carried out by MATLAB. [Results] Compared …

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Analysis Of Rice Grain Motion Characteristics In A Rice Polisher Based On Particle Image Velocimetry, Duan Feng, Liu Xiaopeng, Hu Peng, Zhang Yonglin, Xie Zeliang, Pei Houchang Sep 2024

Analysis Of Rice Grain Motion Characteristics In A Rice Polisher Based On Particle Image Velocimetry, Duan Feng, Liu Xiaopeng, Hu Peng, Zhang Yonglin, Xie Zeliang, Pei Houchang

Food and Machinery

[Objective] By studying the relationship between the operating parameters of the polishing machine, the motion patterns of rice grains, and the generation of broken rice rates, to seek the basis for optimal parameter control of the polishing machine. [Methods] By analyzing the motion process of rice grains in the polishing chamber, conducting full-factorial experiments, and applying Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) to analyze the trajectory of rice grain movement, clarifiied the relationship between the motion status of rice grains, the rate of broken rice, and the rotational speed of the polishing machine as well as the opening degree of the pressure …

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Shelf-Life Prediction Model Of Premna Microphylla Turez Jelly, Wang Wei, Zhao Wuqi, Tian Yuan, He Liucheng, Chen Yueyuan Sep 2024

Shelf-Life Prediction Model Of Premna Microphylla Turez Jelly, Wang Wei, Zhao Wuqi, Tian Yuan, He Liucheng, Chen Yueyuan

Food and Machinery

[Objective] The influence of different storage temperatures on the quality and total number of microbial colonies of Premna microphylla Turez jelly was studied, and the shelf-life prediction model based on quality indexes and the total number of colonies were established. [Methods] P. microphylla Turez jelly were stored at temperatures of 1, 4, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ℃, and the hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, chewiness, water holding capacity and total number of colonies were regularly measured. The influence of different temperatures on the quality indexes and the total number of colonies were discussed, and the fitting equations of each monitoring index …

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Fermentation Technology And Effects Of Antioxidant And Anti-Exercise Fatigue Of Quinoa Haskap Complex Fermented Supernatant, Bai Haijun, Pang Weiqiao, Zhang Zhihui, Wang Ying Sep 2024

Fermentation Technology And Effects Of Antioxidant And Anti-Exercise Fatigue Of Quinoa Haskap Complex Fermented Supernatant, Bai Haijun, Pang Weiqiao, Zhang Zhihui, Wang Ying

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to optimize the fermentation process of quinoa-haskap complex fruit fermentation supernatant and develop anti-exercise fatigue food with high nutritional value. [Methods] Using black quinoa and haskap as raw materials, yeast combined with Lactobacillus for collaborative fermentation, the fermentation process conditions of composite fermentation juice were optimized by single factor and orthogonal test, and its anti-exercise fatigue effect on mice was deeply investigated based on animal experiments. [Results] The optimum fermentation conditions of quinoa-indigo fruit complex juice were as follows: initial pH 4.0, fermentation time 32 h, fermentation temperature 37 ℃, white sugar content 8%, and the …

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Optimization Of Ultrasound Assisted Acid Extraction Of Pectin From Walnut Green Husk And Analysis Of Its In Vitro Lipid-Lowering And Antioxidant Activities, Lu Jing, Yang Jieru, Zhu Jing, Li Qian, Wei Lingbo Sep 2024

Optimization Of Ultrasound Assisted Acid Extraction Of Pectin From Walnut Green Husk And Analysis Of Its In Vitro Lipid-Lowering And Antioxidant Activities, Lu Jing, Yang Jieru, Zhu Jing, Li Qian, Wei Lingbo

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to realize the high value-added resource utilization of walnut production waste. [Methods] Ultrasonic assisted tartaric acid was used to extract pectin from walnut peel. The extraction process was optimized by response surface test, and its lipid-lowering ability and antioxidant activity were analyzed. [Results] Under the control of the conditions of ultrasonic power of 300 W, ultrasonic temperature of 95 ℃, ultrasonic time of 27 minutes, liquid to material ratio of 19∶1 （mL/g）, and pH of 2, the yield of walnut green peel pectin was the highest, reaching 25.92 mg/g. Walnut green peel pectin had good adsorption …

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Application On Efficient Purification Of Isomaltooligosaccharides By Sequential Simulated Moving Bed Chromatography, Ruan Shenghui, Zheng Xiqun, Liu Xiaolan, Li Liangyu, Jiang Caixia Sep 2024

Application On Efficient Purification Of Isomaltooligosaccharides By Sequential Simulated Moving Bed Chromatography, Ruan Shenghui, Zheng Xiqun, Liu Xiaolan, Li Liangyu, Jiang Caixia

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To improve the production efficiency of the oligosaccharide industry. [Methods] Isomaltooligosaccharides 50 syrup was used as the raw material, and purified by sequential simulated moving bed chromatography. Potassium ion resin was selected as the suitable separation medium by preparative chromatography single column experiment. Then, based onthe principle of material balance and the basic principle of sequential simulated moving bed, the initial operating parameters of separation process were approximately established. Further the separation conditions were optimized. [Results] The best technical parameters were as follows: feed refraction was 60% and column temperature was 65 ℃. At the same time quantity of …

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Effects Of Ultrasonic Treatment Time On Meat Quality Of Yanbian Yellow Cattle, Sima Shengxue, Hao Beibei, Wu Zewen, Zhang Jiahui, Xia Guangjun Sep 2024

Effects Of Ultrasonic Treatment Time On Meat Quality Of Yanbian Yellow Cattle, Sima Shengxue, Hao Beibei, Wu Zewen, Zhang Jiahui, Xia Guangjun

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to improve the quality of Yanbian yellow beef during storage. [Methods] Yanbian yellow cattle eye meat and buttocks were used as experimental materials. Low frequency and high intensity (power 360 W, frequency 40 kHz) ultrasound technology was used to treat beef, and the effects of different ultrasound treatment time (0, 40, 60, 80 min) on the physical and chemical properties of beef during 10 days of storage were investigated. [Results] Extending ultrasonication treatment time significantly decreased the shear stress and redness value of beef (P＜0.05). Moreover, the analysis of myofibrils in beef after ultrasonic …

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Optimization Of Selenium-Enriched Germination Process Of Quinoa And Its Antioxidant Activity, Zhang Ling, Zheng Wancai, Lan Yongli, Zhang Wengang Sep 2024

Optimization Of Selenium-Enriched Germination Process Of Quinoa And Its Antioxidant Activity, Zhang Ling, Zheng Wancai, Lan Yongli, Zhang Wengang

Food and Machinery

[Objective] This study aimed to improve the organic selenium content of quinoa seeds and develop high-quality Se-rich quinoa food raw materials. [Methods] Using Qingbaili No. 1 quinoa as raw material and sodium selenite as a selenium source, the selenium-enriched germination process conditions of quinoa were optimized through one-way experiments combined with orthogonal experiments. The soluble protein, polyphenol content, and antioxidant capacity of selenium-enriched quinoa were further analyzed. [Results] The optimal process conditions for selenium-enriched germination of quinoa were sodium selenite solution concentration of 20 mg/L, soaking temperature of 25 ℃, soaking time of 6 h, soaking solution pH of 7.0, …

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Process Parameter Optimization Of Pumpkin Combined Drying Based On Genetic Algorithm, Wu Shaofeng, Qiang Hua, Zhang Xin, Bai Yunjiao, Wu Shihui Sep 2024

Process Parameter Optimization Of Pumpkin Combined Drying Based On Genetic Algorithm, Wu Shaofeng, Qiang Hua, Zhang Xin, Bai Yunjiao, Wu Shihui

Food and Machinery

[Objective] To improve the drying quality of pumpkins. [Methods] This study conducted experiments on hot air drying, vacuum drying, and combined hot air-vacuum drying, these drying characteristics were evaluated and compared based on unit energy consumption, rehydration ratio, and color difference indicators. Combining BP neural network model with genetic algorithm, combined with entropy weight and weighted scoring method, a multi-objective comprehensive optimization was carried out for the combined hot air-vacuum drying of pumpkins. [Results] Under the same conditions, the highest drying efficiency was hot air drying; And the findings revealed that at drying temperatures was 55 ℃, with a moisture …

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Screening Of Antimicrobial Peptides From Plants And Their Application In Food, Liu Min, Huang Xiangyu, Wu Hao, Wen Li, Cheng Yunhui, Chen Maolong Sep 2024

Screening Of Antimicrobial Peptides From Plants And Their Application In Food, Liu Min, Huang Xiangyu, Wu Hao, Wen Li, Cheng Yunhui, Chen Maolong

Food and Machinery

In recent years, with the emergence of resistance to traditional antibiotics and the growing interest in the development of natural antimicrobials, natural antimicrobial peptides have received extensive attention. Among them, plant-derived antimicrobial peptides have the characteristics of low drug resistance, wide antibacterial spectrum and low toxicity, and because of rich cysteine residues, they can form multiple disulfide bonds, so they have high chemical, thermal and enzymatic hydrolysis stability. In this paper, the classification of plant antimicrobial peptides and the methods of extracting and screening antimicrobial peptides from plant sources were reviewed. The potential applications of plant antimicrobial peptides in the …

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Exploring The Impact Of Conceptual Bottlenecks On Adversarial Robustness Of Deep Neural Networks, Bader Rasheed, Mohamed Abdelhamid, Adil Khan, Igor Menezes, Asad Masood Khatak Sep 2024

Exploring The Impact Of Conceptual Bottlenecks On Adversarial Robustness Of Deep Neural Networks, Bader Rasheed, Mohamed Abdelhamid, Adil Khan, Igor Menezes, Asad Masood Khatak

All Works

Deep neural networks (DNNs), while powerful, often suffer from a lack of interpretability and vulnerability to adversarial attacks. Concept bottleneck models (CBMs), which incorporate intermediate high-level concepts into the model architecture, promise enhanced interpretability. This study delves into the robustness of Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) against adversarial attacks, comparing their original and adversarial performance with standard Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The premise is that CBMs prioritize conceptual integrity and data compression, enabling them to maintain high performance under adversarial conditions by filtering out non-essential variations in input data. Our extensive evaluations across different datasets and adversarial attacks confirm that CBMs …

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Could A Carbon Tax Improve Utah's Air Quality And Mitigate Climate Change?, Rose Cameron, Kendall Becker, Alexi Elizabeth Lamm, Scott Hotaling Sep 2024

Could A Carbon Tax Improve Utah's Air Quality And Mitigate Climate Change?, Rose Cameron, Kendall Becker, Alexi Elizabeth Lamm, Scott Hotaling

All Current Publications

Urban areas in Utah have suffered from poor air quality since Euro-American settlement in 1847. Because today’s harmful air pollutants and carbon dioxide—the most significant driver of contemporary climate change—are often emitted together, a carbon tax could improve air quality while also mitigating climate change. Here, we explore how Sweden has successfully implemented a carbon tax and consider the viability of a similar approach for Utah. While a carbon tax would pressure Utah’s transportation and energy sectors to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, revenue from the tax could finance renewable energy infrastructure to support companies transitioning away from fossil fuels …

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Implementing Reactivity In Molecular Dynamics Simulations With Harmonic Force Fields, Jordan J. Winetrout, Krishan Kanhaiya, Josh Kemppainen, Pieter J. In ‘T Veld, Geeta Sachdeva, Ravindra Pandey, Behzad Damirchi, Adri Van Duin, Gregory Odegard, Hendrik Heinz Sep 2024

Implementing Reactivity In Molecular Dynamics Simulations With Harmonic Force Fields, Jordan J. Winetrout, Krishan Kanhaiya, Josh Kemppainen, Pieter J. In ‘T Veld, Geeta Sachdeva, Ravindra Pandey, Behzad Damirchi, Adri Van Duin, Gregory Odegard, Hendrik Heinz

Michigan Tech Publications

The simulation of chemical reactions and mechanical properties including failure from atoms to the micrometer scale remains a longstanding challenge in chemistry and materials science. Bottlenecks include computational feasibility, reliability, and cost. We introduce a method for reactive molecular dynamics simulations using a clean replacement of non-reactive classical harmonic bond potentials with reactive, energy-conserving Morse potentials, called the Reactive INTERFACE Force Field (IFF-R). IFF-R is compatible with force fields for organic and inorganic compounds such as IFF, CHARMM, PCFF, OPLS-AA, and AMBER. Bond dissociation is enabled by three interpretable Morse parameters per bond type and zero energy upon disconnect. Use …

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Batf Is A Major Driver Of Nk Cell Epigenetic Reprogramming And Dysfunction In Aml, Bijender Kumar, Anand Singh, Rafet Basar, Nadima Uprety, Ye Li, Huihui Fan, Ana Karen Nunez Cortes, Mecit Kaplan, Sunil Acharya, Hila Shaim, Anna C Xu, Manrong Wu, Emily Ensley, Dexing Fang, Pinaki P Banerjee, Luciana Melo Garcia, Silvia Tiberti, Paul Lin, Hind Rafei, Maliha Nuzhat Munir, Madison Moore, Mayra Shanley, Mayela Mendt, Lucila N Kerbauy, Bin Liu, Alexander Biederstädt, Elif Gokdemir, Susmita Ghosh, Kiran Kundu, Francia Reyes-Silva, Xin Ru Jiang, Xinhai Wan, April L Gilbert, Merve Dede, Vakul Mohanty, Jinzhuang Dou, Patrick Zhang, Enli Liu, Luis Muniz-Feliciano, Gary M Deyter, Abhinav K Jain, Juan Jose Rodriguez-Sevilla, Simona Colla, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Elizabeth J Shpall, Ken Chen, Hussein A Abbas, Kunal Rai, Katayoun Rezvani, May Daher Sep 2024

Batf Is A Major Driver Of Nk Cell Epigenetic Reprogramming And Dysfunction In Aml, Bijender Kumar, Anand Singh, Rafet Basar, Nadima Uprety, Ye Li, Huihui Fan, Ana Karen Nunez Cortes, Mecit Kaplan, Sunil Acharya, Hila Shaim, Anna C Xu, Manrong Wu, Emily Ensley, Dexing Fang, Pinaki P Banerjee, Luciana Melo Garcia, Silvia Tiberti, Paul Lin, Hind Rafei, Maliha Nuzhat Munir, Madison Moore, Mayra Shanley, Mayela Mendt, Lucila N Kerbauy, Bin Liu, Alexander Biederstädt, Elif Gokdemir, Susmita Ghosh, Kiran Kundu, Francia Reyes-Silva, Xin Ru Jiang, Xinhai Wan, April L Gilbert, Merve Dede, Vakul Mohanty, Jinzhuang Dou, Patrick Zhang, Enli Liu, Luis Muniz-Feliciano, Gary M Deyter, Abhinav K Jain, Juan Jose Rodriguez-Sevilla, Simona Colla, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Elizabeth J Shpall, Ken Chen, Hussein A Abbas, Kunal Rai, Katayoun Rezvani, May Daher

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) belong to a continuous disease spectrum of myeloid malignancies with poor prognosis in the relapsed/refractory setting necessitating novel therapies. Natural killer (NK) cells from patients with myeloid malignancies display global dysfunction with impaired killing capacity, altered metabolism and exhausted phenotype at the single cell transcriptomic and proteomic levels. In this study we identified that this dysfunction was mediated through a crosstalk between NK cells and myeloid blasts necessitating cell-cell contact. NK cell dysfunction could be prevented by targeting the αvβ integrin/TGF-β/SMAD pathway but, once established, was persistent due to profound epigenetic reprogramming. …

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Interoperability In Deep Learning: A User Survey And Failure Analysis Of Onnx Model Converters, Purvish Jajal, Wenxin Jiang, Arav Tewari, Erik Kocinare, Joseph Woo, Anusha Sarraf, Yung-Hsiang Lu, George Thiruvathukal, James C. Davis Sep 2024

Interoperability In Deep Learning: A User Survey And Failure Analysis Of Onnx Model Converters, Purvish Jajal, Wenxin Jiang, Arav Tewari, Erik Kocinare, Joseph Woo, Anusha Sarraf, Yung-Hsiang Lu, George Thiruvathukal, James C. Davis

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Software engineers develop, fine-tune, and deploy deep learning (DL) models using a variety of development frameworks and runtime environments. DL model converters move models between frameworks and to runtime environments. Conversion errors compromise model quality and disrupt deployment. However, the failure characteristics of DL model converters are unknown, adding risk when using DL interoperability technologies. This paper analyzes failures in DL model converters. We survey software engineers about DL interoperability tools, use cases, and pain points (N=92). Then, we characterize failures in model converters associated with the main interoperability tool, ONNX (N=200 issues in PyTorch and TensorFlow). Finally, we formulate …

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Full Issue, Cleveland Bird Calendar Sep 2024

Full Issue, Cleveland Bird Calendar

Cleveland Bird Calendar

No abstract provided.

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