Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 24391 - 24420 of 1108870

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Faculty Senate Executive Committee Minutes January 20, 2026, Utah State University Jan 2026

Faculty Senate Executive Committee Minutes January 20, 2026, Utah State University

Faculty Senate & Faculty Senate Executive Committee

  • Call to Order
  • University Business
  • Faculty Senate Business
  • Reports
  • School of Graduate Studies
  • Professional Responsibilities and Procedures Committee
  • Office of Research
  • Old Business
  • New Business
  • Information
  • Adjourn: 4:30 PM


Comparison Of Estimation Methods For The Contaminated Weibull Distribution And Applications To Medical Data, Yusuf Olatunji Bello, Farouq Mohammad A. Alam, Abdulkader Monir Daghistani Jan 2026

Comparison Of Estimation Methods For The Contaminated Weibull Distribution And Applications To Medical Data, Yusuf Olatunji Bello, Farouq Mohammad A. Alam, Abdulkader Monir Daghistani

The Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Science

The Contaminated Weibull (CWB) distribution was introduced as a robust alternative for modeling lifetime and survival data, particularly in scenarios involving outliers or contamination within the dataset. The CWB distribution accounted for a mixture of a reference Weibull distribution and contaminated observations. An extensive Monte Carlo simulation was conducted to assess the performance of various parameter estimation methods for the CWB distribution. Seven estimation methods were compared: Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), Least Squares Estimation, Weighted Least Squares Estimation, Maximum Product Spacing Estimation, Cramér-von Mises Estimation, Anderson-Darling Estimation, and Robust Anderson-Darling Estimation. The results showed that MLE outperformed other methods in …


Challenges In Alaskan Rural Pharmaceutical Delivery, Faith Ozer Green, Michael S. Jones Jan 2026

Challenges In Alaskan Rural Pharmaceutical Delivery, Faith Ozer Green, Michael S. Jones

CAEPR Presentations

In remote Alaska, aviation supply chains are critical to maintaining timely flow of food and medicines to communities. We map these supply chains, and present preliminary findings from a pharmaceutical shipment data partnership with a state Tribal Health Organization. Mean and distributional shipment time are presented for communities on versus off the road system, and a multiyear regional map is presented outlining propensity for shipment times over one week. Ongoing work will incorporate multiple additional Tribal Health Organization datasets in a comprehensive econometric framework.


Hive Minds And Communities Of Practice: A Reflection On Implementing A Casual Peer Community Of Practice, Cathy Stephens Jan 2026

Hive Minds And Communities Of Practice: A Reflection On Implementing A Casual Peer Community Of Practice, Cathy Stephens

Staff Scholarship - Australia & Dubai

Wenger’s (1998) Communities of Practice theory proposes that knowledge is constructed socially, within communities which share knowledge domains and mutual goals. These communities act as common spaces where knowledge is negotiated and professional identities are formed. While a sense of belonging is pivotal to learner success and engagement, learners in online spaces can experience scarcity of informative social interactions. In this reflective essay, I examine the implementation of a pilot project to facilitate informal communities of practice within an online design course, and utilise observations and informal student feedback to interrogate the effectiveness of the pilot and enable future refinements.


Topological Data Analysis Of New York City Taxi Trip Data Using Advanced Dimensionality Reduction And Clustering Techniques – Uncovering Structure And Timeliness, Mahalakshmi Sakthivel Jan 2026

Topological Data Analysis Of New York City Taxi Trip Data Using Advanced Dimensionality Reduction And Clustering Techniques – Uncovering Structure And Timeliness, Mahalakshmi Sakthivel

Theses and Dissertations

In this project, we used Topological Data Analysis (TDA) to explore the shape and structure of high-dimensional data and the timeliness dimension of information quality through topological data analysis, with the long-term goal of automatically computing timeliness values that reflect how useful data items are for decision making. The project followed a two-phase approach: in the first half, we employed the Kepler Mapper library along with techniques like Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP), T-SNE (t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding) and Customized Embedding to analyze and visualize complex datasets. In the second phase, we specifically applied our …


Ud Earns National Recognition For Community Engagement, University Of Dayton Jan 2026

Ud Earns National Recognition For Community Engagement, University Of Dayton

News Releases

The University of Dayton is once again recognized as a national leader in service and partnership with the 2026 Carnegie Community Engagement Classification.


Students’ Perceptions Of The Use Of Technology In Rural Elementary Schools, Evadney Moncrieffe - Jumpp Jan 2026

Students’ Perceptions Of The Use Of Technology In Rural Elementary Schools, Evadney Moncrieffe - Jumpp

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Rapid technological advancements have transformed educational experiences, optimizing learning outcomes while providing interesting experiences to learners and educators. More insight was needed on how students perceive learning via technology, as this information can shape how teachers implement technology, especially in rural elementary schools. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the perceptions of students in rural areas between Grades 1–5 regarding the increased use of technology education. The research questions concerned how students in rural elementary schools perceive (a) the use of technology in education and (b) the quality of the teaching–learning process when using or mediating technological …


Fire Service Leadership Cost-Effective Strategies To Reduce Sudden Cardiac Death, Kathryn Marie Bernardo-Preston Jan 2026

Fire Service Leadership Cost-Effective Strategies To Reduce Sudden Cardiac Death, Kathryn Marie Bernardo-Preston

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Abstract A high incidence of on-duty firefighter sudden cardiac death (SCD) results in increased costs and decreased organizational performance. Fire department leaders are concerned about the financial burden of SCDs as they put strain on departmental budgets and subsequently limit operational readiness. Grounded in transformational leadership theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry project was to explore how fire department leaders used cost-effective strategies to reduce SCD episodes among on-duty firefighters. Participants comprised six fire department leaders located on the East Coast of the United States who had successfully implemented strategies to minimize firefighter SCD. Data were collected using …


Racial Identity, Student Engagement, Student Satisfaction, And Persistence In African American Students Attending Predominately White Institutions, Antoinette Drakeford Jan 2026

Racial Identity, Student Engagement, Student Satisfaction, And Persistence In African American Students Attending Predominately White Institutions, Antoinette Drakeford

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

African American college students attending predominantly White institutions (PWIs), such as Old Dominion University, face challenges, including experiences with microaggressions and limited engagement opportunities, which may affect their persistence. The purpose of this study was to examine whether racial identity and microaggressions moderate the relationship between student engagement, satisfaction, and persistence among African American students at a PWI. Cross’s theory of nigrescence served as the theoretical framework for understanding African American racial identity development. A quantitative, non-experimental design was employed. Data were collected from 50 African American undergraduate students using standardized instruments measuring racial identity, microaggressions, engagement, satisfaction, and persistence. …


Raw Data Files Contributing To "Changes In Apoe And Timp-1 Expression Correlate With Outer Blood-Retinal Barrier Disruption In An In Vitro Model Of Retinal Aging", Elizabeth Vargis Jan 2026

Raw Data Files Contributing To "Changes In Apoe And Timp-1 Expression Correlate With Outer Blood-Retinal Barrier Disruption In An In Vitro Model Of Retinal Aging", Elizabeth Vargis

Browse all Datasets

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Unfortunately, the early stages of this disease are poorly understood, which has led to limited treatment options. Investigating normal changes in tissues eventually affected by AMD can further elucidate the mechanisms of disease progression and lead to novel therapeutic targets. The primary cell layer affected in AMD is the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which forms the outer blood-retinal barrier (oBRB). Beneath the RPE lies Bruch’s membrane, a proteinaceous layer that naturally thickens and stiffens with age. These changes to Bruch’s membrane are also implicated in RPE dysfunction and AMD …


Faculty Senate Executive Committee Agenda January 20, 2026, Utah State University Jan 2026

Faculty Senate Executive Committee Agenda January 20, 2026, Utah State University

Faculty Senate & Faculty Senate Executive Committee

  • 3:00 Call to Order
  • Approval of Minutes December 15, 2025
  • 3:05 University Business
  • 3:20 Faculty Senate Business
  • 3:25 Report
  • School of Graduate Studies
  • Professional Responsibilities and Procedures Committee
  • 3:45 Old Business
  • 3:50 New Business
  • 4:00 Information
  • EPC Report - January 8, 2026
  • Adjourn: 4:30 pm


The Rider (2026-01-20), Daniela Chapa-Reyes Jan 2026

The Rider (2026-01-20), Daniela Chapa-Reyes

The Rider Archives

Vol. 11, No. 15


Crystal Structures, Optical Behavior, And Magnetic Properties In Hydrated Lanthanide Iron Sulfates, Chole Jones, Silu Huang, Tyler L. Spano, Eric A. Gabilondo, Mohammed Al-Fahdi, Kara Trim, Mary Douglas, Rongying Jin, Andrew Miskowiec, P. Shiv Halasyamani, Ming Hu, Jie Ling Jan 2026

Crystal Structures, Optical Behavior, And Magnetic Properties In Hydrated Lanthanide Iron Sulfates, Chole Jones, Silu Huang, Tyler L. Spano, Eric A. Gabilondo, Mohammed Al-Fahdi, Kara Trim, Mary Douglas, Rongying Jin, Andrew Miskowiec, P. Shiv Halasyamani, Ming Hu, Jie Ling

Faculty Publications

Single crystals of LnFe(SO4)3(H2O)2 (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm; compounds 1–11) and LnFe(SO4)3(H2O) (Ln = Tm, Yb, Lu; compounds 12–14) were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) analysis revealed that the dihydrated compounds (1–11) crystallize in centrosymmetric (CS) structures, with the lanthanide ions adopting eight-coordinate geometries. In contrast, the monohydrated compounds (12–14) exhibit noncentrosymmetric (NCS) structures, where the lanthanide ions are seven-coordinated. Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) confirmed that compounds 2, …


2026 Mlk Celebration, Dr.Adrienne Coleman Jan 2026

2026 Mlk Celebration, Dr.Adrienne Coleman

MLK Celebration

One Dream, Many Voices:

Uplifting Black and Brown Excellence Presented by the Office of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Brotherhood-Sister Circle (BHSC), and Featuring Poetic Justice.

Black National Anthem  “Lift Every Voice and Sing” by James Weldon Johnson, Performed by IMSA Chamber Choir


Biology Department Publications: 2025, Sam Lindgren Jan 2026

Biology Department Publications: 2025, Sam Lindgren

Biology Department Bibliographies

This document is a non-comprehensive list of publications made by graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and faculty members in the Biology Department in 2024. It indexes those publications available through PubMed, and serves as an archival record of the Department's robust scholarly contributions.


Chemistry Education Undergraduate Students’ Mental Health Issues As Correlate To Their Interest In Chemistry Courses In Southeast Universities, Juliana Nkiru Nnoli, Obikezie Maxwell Chukwunazo, Abumchukwu Angela Adanne Jan 2026

Chemistry Education Undergraduate Students’ Mental Health Issues As Correlate To Their Interest In Chemistry Courses In Southeast Universities, Juliana Nkiru Nnoli, Obikezie Maxwell Chukwunazo, Abumchukwu Angela Adanne

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

This study examined the relationship between mental health issues and interest in chemistry courses among Chemistry Education undergraduate students in federal universities in Southeast Nigeria (n = 2500). The research was motivated by increasing academic stress, perceived course difficulty, limited coping resources, and the influence of mental health on motivation, arousal, and self-efficacy. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. A correlational research design was employed. The sample of 2500 students was selected using proportionate stratified random sampling from the five federal universities in the region. Data were collected using two instruments: the Chemistry Mental Health Inventory (CMHI) …


Brokering Safety, Chinmayi Sharma, Thomas E. Kadri, Sam Adler Jan 2026

Brokering Safety, Chinmayi Sharma, Thomas E. Kadri, Sam Adler

Scholarly Works

For victims of abuse, safety means hiding. Not just hiding themselves, but also their contact details, their address, their workplace, their roommates, and any other information that could enable their abuser to target them. Yet today, no number of name changes and relocations can prevent data brokers from sharing a victim’s personal information online. Thanks to brokers, abusers can find what they need with a single search, a few clicks, and a few dollars. For many victims, then, the best hope for safety lies in obscurity—that is, making themselves and their information harder to find.

This Article exposes privacy law’s …


Artificial Intelligence And A Reconfiguration Of Military Power, Elise Annett, James Giordano Jan 2026

Artificial Intelligence And A Reconfiguration Of Military Power, Elise Annett, James Giordano

Strategic Insights

This commentary examines how artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping military power and decision-making. AI is becoming a central element in how militaries gather information, analyze data, and support operational decisions. As AI systems increasingly filter and prioritize information for commanders, they influence the pace of operations and the environment in which strategic choices are made. The integration of AI into defense systems, such as command-and-control networks and broader modernization initiatives, may enhance operational effectiveness but also introduces new risks, including vulnerabilities to data manipulation and algorithmic exploitation. AI’s growing role requires clear doctrine, governance, and ethical accountability to ensure that …


Frontiers In Ocean Non-Equilibrium Dynamics And Challenges In Operational Oceanography Application, Yuhong Zhang, Yan Du, Tianyu Wang, Minyang Wang, Qin Duan, Xinlong Li, Yuhang Zheng, Yifan Xia, Shilin Tang, Yineng Li, Jianping Yin Jan 2026

Frontiers In Ocean Non-Equilibrium Dynamics And Challenges In Operational Oceanography Application, Yuhong Zhang, Yan Du, Tianyu Wang, Minyang Wang, Qin Duan, Xinlong Li, Yuhang Zheng, Yifan Xia, Shilin Tang, Yineng Li, Jianping Yin

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Ocean circulation exhibits complex multiscale dynamics, among which non-equilibrium processes, marked by transient behavior, strong perturbations, and pronounced nonlinearity, are of particular importance for maritime environmental support. However, limited observational capability has long constrained the study of subsurface non-equilibrium dynamics, leaving numerical models insufficiently validated and positioning this issue at the forefront of modern physical oceanography. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a promising pathway to overcome this bottleneck. Built on this concept, the “iEddy” AI large ocean model can efficiently reconstruct high-resolution, high-accuracy three-dimensional temperature, salinity, and velocity from sea-surface remote sensing data, demonstrating strong capability in capturing non-equilibrium ocean currents …


Current Status And Prospects Of Ocean Data Reanalysis, Chuanyu Liu, Fan Wang Jan 2026

Current Status And Prospects Of Ocean Data Reanalysis, Chuanyu Liu, Fan Wang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Ocean data reanalysis (ODR) is a technique that combines ocean observational data with ocean circulation models to produce gridded data with higher accuracy and greater spatiotemporal coverage. The generated reanalysis data serve as a foundational dataset for conducting oceanographic research and developing artificial intelligence-based large ocean models. This study reviews the technical approaches of ODR, the current status of global and regional ocean data reanalysis systems developed in the world, and puts forward recommendations for the development of China's ocean reanalysis system.


Transparent West-Pacific: Frontier Advances In Earth System Science, Lixin Wu, Jiwei Tian, Weidong Sun, Hailong Liu, Tianyu Chen, Zhimian Cao, Zhao Jing Jan 2026

Transparent West-Pacific: Frontier Advances In Earth System Science, Lixin Wu, Jiwei Tian, Weidong Sun, Hailong Liu, Tianyu Chen, Zhimian Cao, Zhao Jing

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The West-Pacific hosts a well-developed trench-arc-basin system characterized by intense fluid–solid interactions, making it an ideal region for studying multi-sphere interactions within the Earth system. Research on cross-sphere dynamic processes and material-energy cycles in the West-Pacific not only represents a core frontier in Earth System Science, but also crucial to addressing major strategic needs, such as global climate change response, sustainable use of marine resources, and protection of the deep-sea environment. This article highlights key advances achieved under the Major Program on West-Pacific Earth System Multispheric Interactions (WESPMI), in areas including multi-scale oceanic interactions, cross-sphere material exchange, plate subduction and …


Systemic Risks Analysis In International Crude Oil Market: Evidence And Countermeasures, Han Zhang, Yuejun Zhang Jan 2026

Systemic Risks Analysis In International Crude Oil Market: Evidence And Countermeasures, Han Zhang, Yuejun Zhang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Crude oil, often referred to as the “lifeblood” of the modern economy, plays a pivotal role in global economic stability and energy security. However, with the recurrence of crises in recent years, such as the the Russia-Ukraine conflict, escalating tensions in the Middle East, and intensifying trade frictions, the international crude oil market has been facing complex systemic risks, which are accelerated by persistent geopolitical conflicts, fragile supply-demand structures, and the intertwining of macroeconomic and financial uncertainties and so on. For China, with crude oil import dependence remaining above 70% for a prolonged period, economic and social development faces the …


Satellite-Derived Bathymetry In Island Coastal Zones: Technology, Shilin Tang, Yuye Huang, Yongming Liu, Jianping Yin, Deke Chen, Ronggang Huang, Shuang Li Jan 2026

Satellite-Derived Bathymetry In Island Coastal Zones: Technology, Shilin Tang, Yuye Huang, Yongming Liu, Jianping Yin, Deke Chen, Ronggang Huang, Shuang Li

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Shallow bathymetry data constitute the core foundational information underpinning the ecological, resource, and strategic values of island and coastal zones. Satellite-derived bathymetry has evolved into a key technical means for large-scale acquisition of shallow bathymetry information. Focusing on satellite-based lidar bathymetry, optical imaging bathymetry, and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) bathymetry, this study systematically summarizes the core principles, applicable scenarios, technical strengths, and inherent limitations of each technology. It is shown that satellite-derived bathymetry has undergone an evolutionary shift from theoretical construction to practical application, and from single-method, single-data-source approaches to multi-technology, multi-source data fusion frameworks. In the future, to meet …


Ionic Mechanisms Of Two-Pore Channel Regulation Of Vesicle Trafficking, Heng Zhang, Michael X Zhu Jan 2026

Ionic Mechanisms Of Two-Pore Channel Regulation Of Vesicle Trafficking, Heng Zhang, Michael X Zhu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The endolysosomal system plays a pivotal role in cellular function. Before reaching lysosomes for degradation, the endocytosed cargoes are sorted at various stages of endosomal trafficking for recycling and/or rerouting. The proper execution of these processes depends on tightly regulated ion fluxes across endolysosomal membranes. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of two-pore channels (TPCs), including TPC1 and TPC2, in endolysosomal trafficking. These channels are expressed in the membranes of distinct populations of endosomes and lysosomes, where they respond to nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) and phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate [PI(3,5)P2] to conduct Ca2+ and Na+ release from these acidic organelles. …


Illinois State University Salaries Fy2026, Illinois State University Jan 2026

Illinois State University Salaries Fy2026, Illinois State University

Illinois State University Salaries

Includes two sections: administrative professional and civil service salaries, and non-tenure track, tenure track, and faculty associate salaries.


Hybridsense-Llm: A Structured Multimodal Framework For Large-Language-Model–Based Wellness Prediction From Wearable Sensors With Contextual Self-Reports, Cheng Huan Yu, Mohammad Masum Jan 2026

Hybridsense-Llm: A Structured Multimodal Framework For Large-Language-Model–Based Wellness Prediction From Wearable Sensors With Contextual Self-Reports, Cheng Huan Yu, Mohammad Masum

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Wearable sensors generate continuous physiological and behavioral data at a population scale, yet wellness prediction remains limited by noisy measurements, irregular sampling, and subjective outcomes. We introduce HybridSense, a unified framework that integrates raw wearable signals and their statistical descriptors with large language model–based reasoning to produce accurate and interpretable estimates of stress, fatigue, readiness, and sleep quality. Using the PMData dataset, minute-level heart rate and activity logs are transformed into daily statistical features, whose relevance is ranked using a Random Forest model. These features, together with short waveform segments, are embedded into structured prompts and evaluated across seven prompting …


Cost Control, Ict Application, And Effective Project Delivery In The Construction Of School Plant In Nigeria, Ekwueme Onyekachukwu Godspower, Chukwuebuka Martinjoe U-Dominic Jan 2026

Cost Control, Ict Application, And Effective Project Delivery In The Construction Of School Plant In Nigeria, Ekwueme Onyekachukwu Godspower, Chukwuebuka Martinjoe U-Dominic

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

The construction of school plants in Nigeria is often constrained by budget discrepancies, weak cost management, and inefficiencies that hinder timely and sustainable project delivery. Cost control and the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have become essential strategies for addressing these challenges, promoting transparency, accountability, and optimal resource use. This study was conducted in Rivers State, Nigeria, with a target population of 133 staff members from selected construction companies. Using the Taro Yamane formula, a sample of 100 respondents was selected through stratified random sampling to ensure representativeness. Data were gathered through structured questionnaires, interviews, and secondary sources …


The Effectiveness Of Problem-Based Learning In Object-Oriented Programming Instruction: A Classroom Action Research Study, Elva Hidayatul Haque, Slamet Wibawanto, Winda Sulistyana Jan 2026

The Effectiveness Of Problem-Based Learning In Object-Oriented Programming Instruction: A Classroom Action Research Study, Elva Hidayatul Haque, Slamet Wibawanto, Winda Sulistyana

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

This study aims to examine the implementation of object-oriented programming (OOP) instruction using a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) approach to enhance students’ programming skills at SMKN 9 Malang. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design conducted through three iterative cycles to systematically improve the learning process. The first cycle focused on the planning stage, in which learning objectives, instructional materials, and problem-oriented learning strategies aligned with OOP concepts were developed. The second cycle involved the implementation of the PBL approach, where students actively engaged in solving contextual programming problems requiring the application of object-oriented principles. During this stage, observations …


Ivan Pavlov’S Behaviorism Theory: Its Implementation In The Teaching And Learning Process, Rofiq Alfawwazy, Anggun Nurhidayah Jan 2026

Ivan Pavlov’S Behaviorism Theory: Its Implementation In The Teaching And Learning Process, Rofiq Alfawwazy, Anggun Nurhidayah

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

Ivan Pavlov’s behaviorism theory, which emphasizes the stimulus–response relationship through classical conditioning, holds a significant role in the field of education. This study examines the application of Pavlovian principles in learning through a literature review of five selected articles published between 2021 and 2025. The findings indicate that behaviorist strategies are effective in shaping students’ behavior, particularly in fostering discipline, responsibility, and task compliance, primarily through reinforcement methods such as praise, rewards, and social recognition. Nonetheless, the behaviorist approach also reveals several limitations, including rigid learning structures, diminished creativity, and overreliance on external stimuli. The implementation of behaviorist techniques differs …


Brief Of Amicus Curiae Gregory Klass In Support Of Respondents In Veolia Water Technologies, Inc. V. Antero Treatment Llc, No. 2025sc21 (Colo. Jan. 20, 2026)., Gregory Klass Jan 2026

Brief Of Amicus Curiae Gregory Klass In Support Of Respondents In Veolia Water Technologies, Inc. V. Antero Treatment Llc, No. 2025sc21 (Colo. Jan. 20, 2026)., Gregory Klass

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

In September, 2025, the Colorado Supreme Court granted certiorari in Veolia Water Tech. v. Antero Treatment to resolve the following question: “Whether the economic loss rule bars a fraud claim when the parties were in a contractual relationship, the fraud claim seeks the same relief as the plaintiff’s contract claim, and the fraud concerns the defendant’s performance under the contract.”

This scholar’s amicus brief addresses four questions under Colorado law: (1) Does an exploratory contract to determine whether a transaction is desirable prevent liability in tort for fraud in the inducement of the principal contract? (2) What is the significance …