Digital Commons Network^™

Mapping Agricultural Lands At Risk Of Meteorological Drought In Iraq Using Geostatistics, Mohammed Azeez, Hisham Al Sharaa, Abdul Razzak Ziboon

Engineering and Technology Journal

Identifying vulnerable agricultural lands at risk of meteorological drought is challenging for researchers. Its complexity lies in the fact that agricultural lands are irrigated by two sources: rain and rivers. In this research, we have developed a geostatistical model to separate river-dependent lands unaffected by meteorological drought waves and land vulnerable to the risk of meteorological drought. The inputs of this geostatistical model are the vegetation index and the humidity index extracted from Landsat 8, the rainfall from CHIRPS, and the LULC from ESA. The correlation between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), and …

Preliminary Trial On The Potential Of Fiber-Reinforced Rubberized Foamed Concrete As Sustainable Roof Tiles, Oday Abd, Ameer Hilal, Tareq Khaleel

Engineering and Technology Journal

The growing negative effects of nonbiodegradable trash, including waste tires, underscore the necessity for sustainable alternatives in construction materials. This study examines the feasibility of manufacturing foamed concrete tiles reinforced with fibers, utilizing a superplasticizer (SP) with suitable quantities of waste tire rubber (WTR) from nonbiodegradable tires to reduce environmental pollution. Initially, standard concrete tiles with a density of 2400 kg/m³ and dimensions of 500 × 500 × 50 mm3 (Class A, IQS 1107) were manufactured for comparison. Subsequently, four types of foamed concrete tiles with a density of 1100 kg/m³ were produced: conventional foamed concrete tiles, foamed concrete tiles …

Identifying The Most Suitable Sites For Solar Energy Projects Using Gis In Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria, Onyedikachi Ukachukwu, Benedicta Dike, Martin Okeke

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study explores the potential of renewable energy in Owerri Municipal, Nigeria, using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to identify optimal locations for renewable energy projects. The objective is to contribute to sustainable energy development by assessing the spatial distribution of renewable energy resources, evaluating environmental and socio-economic factors, and generating suitability maps for various renewable energy technologies. This was achieved by integrating GIS-based analysis with comprehensive data on solar radiation and Land Use Land Cover (LULC) types. Classifying LULC was a critical step in remote sensing, offering insights into various land cover classes' spatial distribution and dynamics. An aspect model …

Impact Of Recycled Aggregate On Bond Behavior Between Concrete And Steel Bars: A Systematic Review, Nada Sahmi, Eyad Sayhood, Nisreen Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The use of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) in structural applications has considerably increased in order to minimize the environmental effects of concrete buildings. Bond is a crucial characteristic of reinforced concrete that relates to the adhesion between the reinforcing steel and the surrounding concrete. This systematic review presents a comprehensive examination of the bond characteristics of steel bars and recycled coarse aggregate concrete RAC In addition, several components influencing both the load-slip curve and the failure mechanisms of RAC specimens were presented and discussed. Furthermore, prediction equations for bond strength and models of the bond-slip relationship between RAC and steel …

The Behavior Of Secant Pile Wall Embedded Within Soil By Numerical Analysis, Ayad Hussein, Mahmood Mahmood, Mohammed Aswad

Engineering and Technology Journal

Deep excavation projects in areas with high groundwater levels, such as industrial zones with large, heavy structures, present significant challenges. Secant piling techniques offer an effective solution for these conditions. These retaining walls are constructed by overlapping reinforced concrete and plain concrete piles to form a continuous barrier against soil and water ingress. This research investigates the effectiveness of secant pile walls as a deep excavation support system, focusing on the impact of various parameters on ground movement, analyzed using the DeepEX program. The case study centers on the Al Dawoodi/Al Mansur District in Baghdad, Iraq. Key factors examined include …

Flexural Behavior Of Reinforced Recycled Concrete Coarse Aggregates Rectangular Beams With And Without Splice Bars, Muslim Attab, Sarmad Abdulqader, Makki Mohsen

Engineering and Technology Journal

Interest in using recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as a partial or full replacement for natural coarse aggregate (NCA) in concrete production has increased significantly in recent years. This shift contributes to reducing landfill usage and conserving natural resources. This study presents an experimental investigation into the behavior of sixteen rectangular beams cast with varying RCA ratios to examine the effects on ultimate load capacity and concrete strain. The beams, each measuring 1600 mm in length, 170 mm in width, and 260 mm in height, were reinforced with two longitudinal 12 mm steel bars, and 8 mm stirrups spaced at 75 …

Mechanical And Fracture Performance Of Fresh Rubberized Self-Compacting Concrete: A Mini Review, Muntadher Taher, Tareq Al-Attar, Aqeel Al-Adili

Engineering and Technology Journal

Sustainable construction procedures use recyclable material; thus, the construction process and design choices are focused on planet health. SCC is a new generation of concrete that offers the achievement of high durability and flexibility in Rubberized Self-Compacting Concrete (RSCC) by employing recycled tire rubber and Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC). This review investigates the mechanical and cracking characteristics of rubberized self-compacting concrete and rubber content effects. Formwork requirement is brought down by the concrete’s ability to compact itself, thereby increasing user satisfaction. Energy is effectively absorbed, the flexibility of concrete is increased, and tire disposal is made simpler with rubber granules. Rubber …

Impact Of Laser Energy On The Synthesis And Antibacterial Performance Of Cdo Nanomaterials, Ali Yousif, Thikra Mejbel, Kadhim Aadim, Wasan Kadhem

Engineering and Technology Journal

The objective of the current work is to evaluate the antibacterial efficiency of cadmium oxide nanomaterials (CdO NPs) produced through pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) with laser energy ranging from 400 to 600 mJ. Several characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM), were harnessed to analyze synthesized CdO NPs. The nanoparticles had a spherical shape and a size distribution that reduced with higher laser energy. The XRD study confirmed a polycrystalline cubic structure, while AFM measurements disclosed a drop from 133 to 84 nm in the particle size as laser intensity rose. UV-Vis …

Investigation Of Fe3o4 Nanoparticles Synthesized Via Co-Precipitation Coated With Chitosan, Peg, And Folate For Targeted Paclitaxel Delivery In Fibrosarcoma Treatment, Adawiya Haider, Sharafaldin Al-Musawi, Rusul Al-Obaidy, Azhar Haleemd, Mohammed Al-Hindawi, Bakr Taha

Engineering and Technology Journal

Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized using a straightforward co-precipitation method from Fe2+/Fe3+ salt solutions as starting materials. This method was optimized to control particle size and morphology, resulting in highly magnetic NPs with crystallite sizes ranging from 20 to 70 nm. The synthesis process involved magnetic stirring at 700 rpm at room temperature, yielding approximately 5 mg of Fe3O4 powder. Structural characterization via X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the stoichiometric composition and particle dimensions. To enhance functionality, the Fe3O4 NPs were coated with chitosan (Cs), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and folic acid (FA), and loaded with the anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX), …

An Optimize Canny Algorithm With Traditional Machine Learning For Edge Detection Enhancement, Russel Lafta, Zainab Sultani

Engineering and Technology Journal

Edge detection still represents a major challenge in image processing and computer vision because of the complexity and variability of real-world images. The canny algorithm is powerful in detecting edges. However, it is sensitive to noise, and as a result, may produce weak edges. The use of machine learning algorithms has significantly improved the performance of edge detection techniques. In this paper, an improved Canny edge detection algorithm is proposed by replacing the Gaussian filter with a bilateral filter. Also, a new approach for estimating Canny algorithm thresholds has been developed using the Flower Pollination algorithm. Subsequently, the improved Canny …

Enhancing Network Quality Of Experience Based On Artificial Neural Networks, Ali Mohammed, Rana Ghani

Engineering and Technology Journal

In modern networking, ensuring both Quality of Experience (QoE) and Quality of Service (QoS) is paramount due to the increasing demand for efficient, reliable, and high-performance networks. With the surge in data traffic, traditional network management techniques often struggle to maintain optimal service levels, particularly in addressing challenges such as packet loss, excessive delay, and jitter. This paper presents an approach that integrates an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) into a multi-level queuing system, combined with Weighted Round Robin (WRR) scheduling, to address these persistent issues effectively. The key innovation lies in the dynamic and intelligent adaptation of network resource allocation …

Enhancing The Removal Of Total Dissolved Solids From Petroleum Wastewater Through Electrocoagulation, Muhammad Jasim, Forat Aljaberi, Saja Alardhi, Ali Salman, Mustafa Hathal, Igor Cretescu, Armando Vargas

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aims to employ an electrocoagulation reactor to treat petroleum effluent from a local plant and reduce dissolved solids (TDS) to suitable levels for reuse. A continuous reactor configuration featured a finned stainless steel cathode tube positioned between two cylindrical aluminum anodes. This study explored the influence of treatment duration (4–60 minutes), current density (0–6.0 mA.cm-2), and influent rate (50–150 ml/min) on the final TDS value. Flow rate increase correlated with increased final TDS values, while longer electrolysis durations and higher current densities led to decreased TDS levels. Optimized electrolysis conditions at 1 hour, 5 mA.cm-2, and 50 ml/min, …

Experimental And Theoretical Study To Improve Heat Transfer Using Nanofluids Flow In Copper Tube, Zahraa Hussain, Jamal Ali, Hasan Majdi, Abbas Sultan, Bashar Kadhim, Haidar Al-Naseri

Engineering and Technology Journal

Improving heat transfer efficiency in base fluids remains a key challenge in various thermal applications. To address this, several researchers have suggested the integration of nanoparticles into base fluids, leveraging recent advancements in nanotechnology to enhance performance. This study compares different types of nanoparticles and preparation methods for nanofluids and examines the impact of their properties on improving heat transfer. The convective heat transfer under a turbulent flow regime was studied experimentally and numerically in a copper tube used as a test section. Advanced measurement techniques were employed, including a Flux Teq LLC heat flux sensor mounted on the test …

The Factors Affecting Anticancer, Antibacterial, And Photocatalytic Applications Of Zno Nanocomposite Synthesized By Plal: A Mini Review, Huda Al-Attar, Maeda Mohammad, Basma Bedair

Engineering and Technology Journal

Fresh water is essential for life to continue on Earth. The accelerated growth of industrialization and globalization is to blame for the current apex of environmental problems. Heavy metals and organic pollutants discharged from industrial waste are extremely harmful at relatively minimal concentrations when tolerance levels are exceeded. They will lead to several diseases in humans. One method for treating wastewater is semiconductor photocatalysis. It depends mainly on the oxidation-reduction mechanism by holes and electrons, respectively, that are generated by the exposure of the semiconductor oxide into a source of photons. Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) has attracted significant …

An Exhaustive Review Of Carbon Dioxide Capture Through The Utilization Of Chemical Solvents Via Absorption, Hala Al-Maaine, Naseer Alhaboubi

Engineering and Technology Journal

The release of carbon dioxide from the combustion of fossil fuels and chimney emissions has emerged as the primary catalyst for global warming. The significant increase in emissions is due to various factors, including power plants that rely on fossil fuels, different industrial processes, and many other factors, all of which are the main causes of environmental pollution. The need has arisen to invent an effective way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere, where scientists have reviewed several methods, such as transitioning to renewable energy, improving energy generation stations, and capturing carbon dioxide emissions. However, the optimal and …

Robot Path Planning Using Enhanced Q-Learning Algorithm Based On Single Parameter., Noor Fallooh, Ahmed Sadiq, Eyad Abbas, Ivan Hashim

Engineering and Technology Journal

One of the challenging aspects of robot navigation is path planning in a dynamic environment. The Q-learning algorithm is one of the reinforcement learning techniques that can be applied to the path planning of a mobile robot. The vital algorithm for any intelligent mobile robot is path planning. On the other hand, the traditional Q-learning method examines every conceivable state of the robot to choose the optimal path. As a result, this method is very computationally intensive, especially when there is a need to compute a large environment. This study proposes a modified version of the technique for planning robot …

Improvement Of Signal Detection Based On Using Machine Learning, Bassam Abd

Engineering and Technology Journal

During the communication system development over the years, detecting and identifying the signal from the affected noise had the major role and the most attention from the researchers. The deep learning algorithm has become a very attractive tool for distinguishing between signal and noise. Learning and training are the two important steps in designing any deep learning system. The proposed system depends on the support vector machine (SVM). The SVM is one of the most popular learning algorithms in different fields, such as signal processing, image processing, communication, and pattern recognition. The SVM classifier is a supervised learning algorithm that …

Hardware Resources Minimization Of Bell Membership Function Based On Fpga, Najmah Habeeb, Saad Abbas

Engineering and Technology Journal

The complexity of hardware realization for the Bell function forces most researchers to replace it with trapezoidal, negatively affecting accuracy. The implementation complexity of the Bell function on FPGA comes from bundling the division operator by FPGA. This requires large hardware resources due to the limited number of logic elements in FPGA devices, such as Lock-Up Tables (LUTs), slices, and DSP48 units, specifically when utilizing the Spartan-3A DSP sc3sd3400a Xilinx FPGA kit. This work investigates hardware resource minimization of Bell Membership Functions (MFs) based on FPGA implementation. A comparative analysis of seven proposed designs with a predesigned system is studied, …

Design And Analysis Of Reconfigurable Filters Employing Varactor And Pin Diodes, Salah Mahdi, Mithaq Raheema, Raaed Hammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work presents a comprehensive and comparative study on reconfigurable/tunable microstrip filters, aiming to analyze and understand the impact of varactors, PIN diodes, lumped capacitors, and inductors on the overall filter performance. The study begins by thoroughly classifying reconfigurable microstrip filters based on their reconfigurability functions and the utilization of varactors or PIN diodes. The investigation delves into the influence of varactors and PIN diodes on the performance parameters of microstrip filters. The analysis includes key aspects like center frequency tunability, bandwidth adjustment, and signal attenuation. Additionally, the impact of these reconfigurable elements on insertion loss and return loss is …

Metaheuristic Algorithm For Parametric Optimization Of Liquid Nitrogen Pumping In Hydrocarbon And Allied Fluids Piping Systems, S. Isaac, C. Kadurumba, H. Ugwu, F. Abam

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study applied a population-based metaheuristic algorithm to optimize liquid nitrogen pumping in hydrocarbon and allied fluids piping systems to ensure optimal process efficiency, minimize energy consumption, and minimize operational costs without extensive computational tasks while considering uncertainties and variability. Liquid nitrogen pumping in hydrocarbon and allied fluids piping systems involves a heat and mass transfer process where by liquid nitrogen flows from the storage tank to the pump unit and is converted to the gaseous state in an integrated heat exchanger. The continuous high pressure from the triplex reciprocating pump pushes the gaseous nitrogen to the hydrocarbon and allied …

Effect Of Quenching Medium, Solution Treatment, And Aging Parameters On Mechanical Properties Of Aluminum Alloy 6061, Pshtiwan Karim, Rekawt Amin, Hawre Amin, Abbas Khwakaram, Omer Mahmood

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study demonstrates the effect of quenching medium, solution treatment, and aging parameters on the mechanical properties of Aluminum alloy 6061. To select an optimal quenching medium from three distinct quenching media (corn, sunflower, and sesame oil), solution heat treatment was conducted on three impact test samples at 545 ℃ for 2 hours, and then quenching was conducted in the mentioned quenching medium. Consequently, sesame oil demonstrated the lowest shock absorption rate; thus, sesame oil was selected as the quenching medium. As a result, every sample for tensile, hardness, and impact tests underwent solution heat treatment at 545 ℃ for …

Thermal Performance Enhancement Of Solar Collectors By Nanoparticles And Magnetic Field: A Review, Norhan Dawood, Jalal Jalil, Sahar Faraj

Engineering and Technology Journal

The implementation of nanoparticles in solar thermal conversion devices has long been a challenge. Consequently, employing ferrofluids combined with magnetic fields has been an intriguing investigation. The magnetization of magnetic nanoparticles, which noticeably enhances the thermal conductivity of ferrofluid, is one of the principal effects of the magnetic field. Given that the compelling behavior of ferrofluid in the presence of external magnetic fields supplied by either permanent magnets or current-carrying wire as the primary source of magnetic field and the significant effect of this combination on the thermal performance of solar devices, the current review focused on introducing research involving …

Free Vibration Analysis Of Aluminum Foam Metal Sandwich Panels: A Comparative Study Between Numerical And Analytical Modelling, Zahra Hamdan, Sadeq Bakhy, Muhsin Jweeg

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study investigates the natural frequencies and vibrational behavior of aluminum foam sandwich panels by using numerical and analytical methods. The panels consist of an aluminum foam core sandwiched between two aluminum sheets, offering a lightweight yet structurally robust solution, making them ideal for applications in the aerospace and automotive industries. A mathematical model based on classical plate theory (CPT) was developed to compute the natural frequencies of supported rectangular sandwich plates. The Gibson-Ashby equation was employed to estimate the Young's modulus of the aluminum foam core. The analytical model was validated using finite element analysis (FEA) conducted in ANSYS …

Experimental Investigation Of Exhaust Temperature Effect On Teg Cells Power Generation And Assessment Of Engine Sfc And Emissions, Eid Mohamed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The thermoelectric cell generators (TECG) convert thermal power into electrical power generated. The main factor in its operation is the temperature difference (TD) between its surfaces. An experimental investigation was conducted into the waste heat recovery performance of the TECG system. Forty thermoelectric cells (TECs) are supported on the (4 5) upper and (4 5) lower and upper arrangement of the engine exhaust manifold. The electrical power generated (EPG), exhaust gas flow rate, exhaust temperature, brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), and exhaust emissions were experimentally investigated under different engine speeds and 50 N.m and 100 N.m engine load conditions. Comparative results …

Recent Advances In Journal Bearings: Wear Fault Diagnostics, Condition Monitoring And Fault Diagnosis Methodologies, Nazik Jebur, Wafa Soud

Engineering and Technology Journal

This review comprehensively encompasses a range of recent studies on journal bearings, emphasizing wear fault diagnostics, condition monitoring, and fault diagnosis methodologies. A significant finding reveals a shift back to the utilization of journal bearings in various rotating machinery such as compressors, motors, turbines, and pumps. Various methodologies employed in these recent studies include vibration analysis, machine learning, deep learning, and both numerical and experimental simulations. Key findings indicate that ensemble models, such as the CNN and deep neural network (CNNEPDNN) model, significantly improve convergence speed, test accuracy, and F-Score in bearing fault diagnosis by 15-20% compared to individual models. …

Finite Element Analysis And Artificial Neural Network For Stress Distribution Of An Aircraft Model In A Wind Tunnel, Ahmed Al-Mulla Khalaf, Sinan Al-Haddad, Bilal Al-Oubaidi, Naseem Ibrahim, Fawaz Abdulwahed, Athraa Hilal

Engineering and Technology Journal

Wind tunnels are instrumental in the aerodynamic analysis of aircraft model structures, enabling the replication of real circumstances for better design and performance evaluation. This paper presents a novel enhancement to stress distribution predictions in wind tunnel simulations by combining Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). First, the research focuses on analyzing ANSYS Fluent data, which provides insights into the complex fluid dynamics inside the wind tunnel. The proposed approach combines the best available FEA and ANN techniques regarding prediction accuracy and computational efficiency. Such findings are those that evidence that predictions of real stress levels using …

A Review Of A Study On Improving The Performance Of Spherical Solar Stills, Faiz Jodah, Wissam ِAlawee, Hayder Dhahad, Z.M. Omara

Engineering and Technology Journal

The urgent need for potable water has increased despite water covering much of the Earth's surface. Solar desalination, which uses solar energy to produce fresh water, is an eco-friendly and cost-effective solution, especially for remote areas lacking clean drinking water. This technology is valuable even in deserts with no other freshwater sources. However, conventional solar stills have low efficiency. To address this, various experiments have been conducted to enhance the daily output of solar stills by improving evaporation and condensation rates, which standard distillers cannot achieve. This innovation in using solar power thus finds its place even on desert sands …

The Physical World Of The Greeks, Samuel Sambursky

Hannah Arendt Marginalia - All

London : Routledge and Paul, 1956.

Call#: Q127.G7 S313 1956

Contains underlining and marginalia

PDF information: 17 pages - 5.7MB

Hybrid Vortex-Resonant Seismic Isolation Module, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

By Michael Victor Caldwell, Mr., GCI ([email protected])

Abstract Hybrid Vortex-Resonant Seismic Isolation Module is a structural isolation device that integrates non-linear fluid viscous damping (FVD, F=Cv^α with α≈0.3–0.5), inerter-based tuned mass damping (TMDI), and gyroscopic stabilization within a single module. Arachne-patterned micro-channels (proprietary flow geometry) stabilize high-viscosity MR fluid into controlled vortex paths, converting lateral seismic shear into rotational momentum while preventing cavitation.

Key features: - Dual counter-rotating masses (CRM) provide 10–50x inertia amplification and broadband tuning (0.5–5 Hz). - Self-centering via gravity and viscous overflow; optional low-power piezo reset. - Housing uses high-strength alloys suitable for 121°C autoclaving.

Performance …

Performance Evaluation Of Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete With Recycled Brick Aggregate Under Varied Curing And Temperature Conditions, Thavasumony Dhasan, Raid S. Alrashidi, Muhammad Saleem, Joonaith C. Veedu, Shahnawaz Alam

Yanbu Journal of Engineering and Science

In recent days, Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete (SCGC) has the potential to revolutionize concrete technology by combining the benefits of both Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) and Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC). The production of SCGC requires proper selection of materials and proportions to achieve a composite concrete with a refined pore structure and low permeability. Additionally, chemical and mineral admixtures play a crucial role in enhancing and refining the pore structure of SCGC, as mineral admixtures reduce the absorbency of the cement matrix further and improve the porosity of the aggregates. In this investigation, the impact of high temperatures on the properties of SCGC …