Digital Commons Network^™

Biconvex Functions And Mixed Bivariational Inequalities, Muhammad Aslam Noor, Khalida Inayat Noor, Mansour Lotayif

Information Sciences Letters

Some concepts of the biconvex sets and biconvex functions are considered in this paper. Properties of the strongly biconvex convex functions are investigated under suitable conditions. The minimum of the sum of differentiable biconvex functions and nondifferentiable biconvex functions is characterized by variational inequality, which is called mixed bivariational inequality. The auxiliary principle technique is used to propose and investigate some iterative methods along with convergence criteria. Some important special cases as applications are discussed. Results obtained in this paper can be viewed as significant refinement and improvement of previously known results.

Design And Mathematical Modeling Of Cmos Compatible - Mems Microhotplate, Wafaa Elsayed Elbasty, Illani Bt Md Nawi, Mohd Haris Md Khir, Abdelaziz Yousif Ahmed

Information Sciences Letters

Current Microhotplates have large power consumptions, temperature uniformity problems, and are highly priced; additionally, special stages are required to be integrated with ICs. The modeling and design of a MEMS Microhotplate (MHP) using standard 0.18 μm IP4M CMOS process technology is discussed in this paper. The designed MHP is intended to achieve good temperature uniformity while dissipating little power. The MHP microbridges lengths are varied from 80 μm to 120 μm whereas the MHP microbridges widths are varied from 5 μm to 25 μm. The effect of the length and width are studied and three different lengths of micro heater …

Covid-19 Impact On Education And Work In The Kingdom Of Bahrain: Survey Study, Osama Yaseen M. Al-Rawi, Wisam Subhi Al-Dayyeni, Ibrahim Reda

Information Sciences Letters

The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted teaching and work in the entire world. The COVID-19 reshaped the management of education and work leading to a rethinking of new approaches in the education system or the business environment. A lot of studies and reports were published over the world analyzing and discussing the current situation and looking for solutions and alternatives to overcome this crisis. This paper discusses the impact of the COVID- 19 pandemic in education and work environments in the Kingdom of Bahrain using the survey method. Also, it reviewed the precautionary measures that were taken by the Kingdom …

Correlation Coefficient Via Statistical And Rough Set Concepts, Manal E. Ali, Tamer Medhat

Information Sciences Letters

In this article, new definitions for a correlation coefficient using the rough sets technique are introduced. These definitions are more general than statistic definitions, which give the capability to handle all information system tables (qualitative, quantity, ordered, and unordered data). By using these definitions, dealing with all unordered data tables can be done, which can’t deal with it by using a statistical definition, these definitions will be discussed in detail through some examples.

A New Approach For Solving Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations, L. Zada, M. Al-Hamami, R. Nawaz, S. Jehanzeb, A. Morsy, A. Abdel-Aty, K. S. Nisar

Information Sciences Letters

In the present article, we extend the optimal auxiliary function method (OAFM) to integro-differential equations. The method has especially contained the auxiliary function and convergence control parameters that accelerate the methods convergence. The numerical results, obtained by the OAFM are listed with those obtained by the ADM, CAS Wavelet method, and ESA method. Further, the obtained results have been compared with the exact solution through different graphs and tables, which shows that the proposed method is very effective and easy to implement for different fractional-order PDEs.

Effect Of Luminaries’ Arrangement And Type On Visual Comfort And Energy Consumption, Ibrahim Reda, Hend Elzefzafy, Osama Yaseen M. Al-Rawi

Information Sciences Letters

The current study seeks to evaluate the effect of luminaries’ arrangement and type on visual comfort and energy consumption. Two identical classrooms with different luminaries’ arrangements were selected to evaluate the efficacy of the existing lighting system in terms of illuminance uniformity, unified glare rating, and installed load efficacy ratio. DIALux Evo software validated against measured illuminance then employed to assess other suggested luminaries’ arrangement and replacing the existing fluorescent lamp with LED type to recommend the best scenario. The findings of the study indicate that the Luminaries’ arrangement and type are decisive factors that affect visual comfort and save …

Three-Photon Absorption In Zno Film Using Ultra Short Pulse Laser, R. K. Jamal Et Al, R. K. Jamal Et Al

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

The three-photon absorption (3PA) in nanostructure wide-band gap ZnO semiconductor material is observed under high intensity femtosecond Titanium-Sapphire laser of 800 nm wavelength excitation. The ZnO film was prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis technique with substrate temperature of 400oC. The optical properties concerning the absorption, transmission, reflection, Raman and the photoluminescence spectra are studied for the prepared film. The structure of the ZnO film was tested with the X-Ray diffraction and it was found to be a polycrystalline with recognized peaks oriented in (002), and (102). The measured of three photon absorption coefficient was found to be about 0.0166 cm3/Gwatt2, …

Study On The Uv-Visble Of Ni-Phthalocyanine Thin Film Optical Properties, Mohammed T. Hussein , Eman M. Nasir , Addnan H. Al-Aarajiy

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

Thin films of Nickel Phthalocyanine (NiPc) are prepared of a base pressure of 10-5 m bar using Edwards 306 system of thermal evaporation technique .The films are deposited on to glass substrate at various thickness (50, 265 , 350) nm. The optical properties and spectral behavior of of NiPc films as a function of thickness were studied at room temperature using UV - Visible –NIR absorption spectra. Increase in thickness, leads to increase absorbance of films and shifts peak position of all bands towards low energy side of spectra. Direct allowed transitions near the sort absorption edges were observed. Present …

Characterization And Gas Sensitivity Of Cadmium Oxide Thin Films Prepared By Thermal Evaporation Technique, Issam M.Ibrahim

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

Abstract Cadmium oxide CdO thin films were deposited by thermal evaporation technique at different substrate temperatures on glass substrates. The XRD analysis shows that CdO films are amorphous and transform to polycrystalline with cubic structure when deposited at 448K and annealed at 573K. The direct energy band gap of CdO thin film decreases with increases of substrate temperature, while at an annealing temperature of 573K the energy gap increases. The results were explained on the biases of structural disordered intruding by the effect of Ts. Other optical constants, such as refractive index, extinction coefficient, dielectric constant were also studied. The …

Three-Dimensional Microscopic Image Reconstruction Based On Structured Light Illumination, Taichu Shi, Yang Qi, Cheng Zhu, Ying Tang, Ben Wu

Henry M. Rowan College of Engineering Departmental Research

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a three-dimensional (3D) microscopic system that reconstructs a 3D image based on structured light illumination. The spatial pattern of the structured light changes according to the profile of the object, and by measuring the change, a 3D image of the object is reconstructed. The structured light is generated with a digital micro-mirror device (DMD), which controls the structured light pattern to change in a kHz rate and enables the system to record the 3D information in real time. The working distance of the imaging system is 9 cm at a resolution of …

Saint Jude's, September 11-19, 2021

Saint Jude's

A newsletter published for Deaf Catholics in Waltham, MA

Saint Jude's Finding Aid

On The Solutions Of Three-Variable Frobenius-Related Problems Using Order Reduction Approach, Tian-Xiao He, Peter J.-S. Shiue, Rama Venkat

Mathematical Sciences Faculty Research

This paper presents a new approach to determine the number of solutions of three-variable Frobenius-related problems and to find their solutions by using order reducing methods. Here, the order of a Frobenius-related problem means the number of variables appearing in the problem. We present two types of order reduction methods that can be applied to the problem of finding all nonnegative solutions of three-variable Frobenius-related problems. The first method is used to reduce the equation of order three from a three-variable Frobenius-related problem to be a system of equations with two fixed variables. The second method reduces the equation of …

Automated Drone Detection Using Yolov4, Subroto Singha, Burchan Aydin

Faculty Publications

Drones are increasing in popularity and are reaching the public faster than ever before. Consequently, the chances of a drone being misused are multiplying. Automated drone detection is necessary to prevent unauthorized and unwanted drone interventions. In this research, we designed an automated drone detection system using YOLOv4. The model was trained using drone and bird datasets. We then evaluated the trained YOLOv4 model on the testing dataset, using mean average precision (mAP), frames per second (FPS), precision, recall, and F1-score as evaluation parameters. We next collected our own two types of drone videos, performed drone detections, and calculated the …

High Competence, High Character, Eric F. Spina

President's Blog: From the Heart

"You are people of both high competence and high character. You’re the kind of leaders who imagine a better world, then go about the business of creating it — without fanfare and bluster but with great purpose," University of Dayton President Eric F. Spina told the 2021 Alumni Award recipients.

Blind Spots And Bottlenecks For Philosophy Of History, Bennett B. Gilbert

University Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

Realist history does not meet many human needs. History needs a great deal more philosophy, but of what kind?

In his essay on this blog, "Reflections on Theory of History Polyphonic," Ethan Kleinberg suggests that historians often use theory to block change in their work rather than to advance it. One way they do this, he points out, is to include a little theory in order to inoculate themselves against greater and more fundamental challenges. They give or take a blow, and then hoist up their shield, thereby avoiding philosophy and miniaturizing it into "historical theory."

I cannot …

Performance Of Porous-Basin Solar Still., M. Mosaad, M. Awad, M. Abdrabo, M. Ragab

Mansoura Engineering Journal

In this study, the performance of two different types of solar stills has been investigated during a period of fifteen days from 30.80 to 18.9.1997, under the climatic conditions of Cairo city. One of the two stills is from the conventional basin type, while the other is porous-basin still. Both stills are of equal basin area=0.85 m3 and covered by single glass inclined with an angle of 20 degrees to the horizontal basin base. Ten daily tests have been performed during this time period, the daily test starts at 9 A.M. and ends at 6 P.M. During the test, measurements …

Working Substance Selection For A Solar Powered Pump In Toshke Environmental., Helmy Gad, Hesham Mostata

Mansoura Engineering Journal

In the present work, thermal analysis of a solar powered pump is carried out, Simple Rankine cycle is employed for converting the solar energy collected from a flat plate collector to produce the necessary mechanical power to drive the pump. Comparison between different refrigerants from thermodynamic view is performed to select the most suitable refrigerant to be nosed with the cycle as a working substance. The analysis is performed with the meteorological data and incident solar radiation in Toshke environment, to use its results in the toshka project. The energy balance equations for both the solar collector and the cycle …

Expansion Of The Department Of Mathematics At Princeton University And The Founding Of The School Of Mathematics At The Institute For Advanced Study: 1900-1950, Andrew Beman-Cavallaro

Great Plains Graduate Review

From 1900 to 1950 Princeton, New Jersey, hosted two of the most prestigious institutions and provided a location for the expansive mathematical investigations taking place just before, during, and immediately after the Second World War. Princeton University and the Institute for Advanced Study housed, fed, and provided workspaces for an array of Mathematicians uncovering new research methodologies (resulting in the defeat of both the Nazi Party and the Empire of Nippon), the foundation for modern experimental Mathematics, and expansions of Theoretical and Applied Physics.

Election Campaigns, Counterinsurgency, And Privatization In Fujimori's Peru: Examples Of Regional, Public, And Control Historiographies, Andrew Beman-Cavallaro

Great Plains Graduate Review

No abstract provided.

Performance Enhancement In Czts Solar Cells By Scaps-1d Software, A. R. Latrous, R. Mahamdi, B. N. Touafek, M. Pasquinelli

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

This is the abstract, usually it does not have references. Usually the reader will read this part first to know what this paper is about and decide upon it to continue reading or not. The font of main text is 10 Times New Roman with single line spacing of 6 pt after and 0 pt before. The titles of sections are font 12, bold and they have single line spacing of 6pt before, 12 pt after, subsections are font 12, Italic and they have single line spacing of 6pt before, 12 pt after. Both upper line and lower line enclosing …

Effects Of Ni - Doping On The Characterization Of Nanostructured Cds Thin Films, Kameran Yasseen Qader, Esraa Hassn Hadi, Nadir Fadhil Habubi, Sami Salman Chiad, M. Jadan, Ihad S. Addasi

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

Effect of nickel doping was investigated on doped CdS films by spray pyrolysis technique and examined by XRD, AFM, and UV-VIS spectroscopy. The increasing of Ni doping ratio improve (020) preferential orientation. XRD analysis confirmed the CdS nanostructure for all samples. The crystallite size for pure CdS showed an increase from 19.98 nm to 27.04 nm on doping, whereas the strain (%) parameter was decreased from 25.0 to 13.3. AFM images offer a decrease in roughness from 6.5 nm to 3.48 nm with Ni – 4% content. Transmittance was exceeding 70% in the visible range by Ni content. Also, the …

Deposition Of Metal Sulphide Thin Films By Chemical Bath Deposition Technique: Review, Ho Soonmin

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

Chemical bath deposition technique has many advantages if compared to other deposition methods. This deposition technique is simple, inexpensive and convenient for large area deposition at low temperature as highlighted by many researchers. In this work, binary, ternary, and quaternary thin films have been produced by using this technique. An extensive survey of thin films synthesized during the past twenty years (2000 to 2020) is reported. The properties of thin films such as structural, optical, compositional, morphological and electrical were described based on literature review.

Alumina Thin Film Coatings At Optimized Conditions Using Rf Magnetron Sputtering Process, Muralidhar Singh M, Harinandan Kumar, P. Sivaiah

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

This study deals with the extensive investigation of Alumina thin film coating deposited on glass, stainless steel, and polycarbonate substrates at 25oC. The transmittance, reflectance, and surface roughness were determined. Transmittance was observed from 88 to 91 % for alumina thin film coating on glass and polycarbonate substrates. The stiffness, hardness, and elastic modulus were 58, 52, and 47 μN/nm, 7.52, 7.14, 6.87, 103, 112, and 122 GPa thin-film coating on different substrates. An increase in surface roughness and transmittance was observed with sputtering power and the thickness of the coating.

Characterization Of Cds/Zns And Cds/Cos Multilayer Thin Films Synthesized By Chemical Bath Deposition, Tizazu Abza, Sisaytadesse, Dinsefa Mensure Andoshe

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

n this work multilayer films of CdS/ZnS and CdS/CoS were prepared using the chemical bath deposition technique. The influence of substrate materials on structural, morphological, compositional and optical properties of the films was investigated. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of CdS/ZnS thin film showed nearly similar structure to that of the cubic ZnS structure. The XRD pattern of CdS/CoS thin films confirmed the co-existence of hexagonal and orthorhombic CdS phases. A cubic CdS structure is observed for CdS/glass thin film. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrograph of CdS/glass film revealed spherical grains of size 125 nm covering the substrate …

Influence Of Molar Concentration On Nano Tin Disulphide Thin Films Grown By Spray Pyrolysis Technique, P. Gopalakrishnan, L. Amalraj, K. Vijayakumar

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

Tin disulphide (SnS2) thin films has been prepared on glass substrates by chemical spray pyrolysis technique, using the precursor solutions of SnCl2.2H2O and thiourea with different molar concentration of 0.1 M – 0.4 M in steps of 0.1 M, at the substrate temperature of 548 K. The Structural properties have been determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and surface morphology have been observed on the surface of these films using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The optical properties of the thin film deposited was obtained, using experimentally recorded absorption spectral data as functions of the wavelength in the range of 400– 800 …

Influence Of Substrate Temperature On Tin Sulphide Thin Films Using Chemical Spray Pyrolysis Technique, P. Gopalakrishnan, L. Amalraj, K. Vijayakumar

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

Thin films of tin sulphide (SnS) were prepared on glass substrates,using chemical spray pyrolysis technique, using precursor solutions of doubly hydrated stannous chloride and thiourea at, different substrate temperatures varied in the range 548 - 648 K in steps of 25 K. X ray diffraction analysis revealed the crystalline nature of SnS compound having orthorhombic structure along (111) plane. The size of the tin sulphide crystallites with nano dimension was determined using the Full Width Half Maximum values of the Bragg peak at the optimized substrate temperature. The surface morphology have been observed on the surface of these films, using …

Evaluation Of Green Corrosion Inhibition By Extracts Of Citrus Aurantium Leaves Against Carbon Steel In 1 M Hcl Medium Complemented With Quantum Chemical Assessment, Tayser S. Gaaz, Rifat M. Dakhil, Dalia M. Jamil, Ahmed A. Al-Amiery, Abdul Amir Kadhum, Mohd Takriff

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

Employing plants as corrosion inhibitors is a physical direction to detect less expensive green friendly inhibitors. Researchers found that the "Citrus aurantium leaves extracts are mixtures containing vitamins, minerals, phenolic compounds and terpenoids. The flavonoids contained in C. aurantium can be divided into four groups, including flavones, flavanones, flavonols, and anthocyanins." These compounds indicate the extracts of Citrus aurantium leaves are appropriate to be applied as green corrosion inhibitors. Extracts of Citrus aurantium leaves have been researched by utilizing EIS, gravimetric and SEM techniques as novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in corrosive environments. Inhibition effectiveness of tested extract …

Optimization Of Ldm 3d Printing Parameters For Tio2 Thin Film Fabrication, Aran Hansuebsai, Krairop Chareonsopa, Kazuhiro Manseki

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

With the development of 3D printing technology, the application of liquid deposition modeling (LDM) 3D printing has become more and more widespread. Our study aims to use this printer type to fabricate TiO2 paste on an electrode for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). As the paste showed a shear-thinning behavior, the printing test was carried out to investigate the effects of printer’s parameters setting on the thin film characteristics. A number of successive layers was also considered to ensure the quality of printing. The critical thickness of TiO2 thin films and relevant sheet resistance in this system were achieved at …

Analog And Rf Performance Analysis Of 22nm Modified Source/Drain Dual Gate Fdsoi Mosfet, Abhishek Kumar Malviya, Himanshu Yadav, R. K. Chauhan, Anshika Srivastava

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

In this paper, 22nm FDSOI MOSFET having Modified Source/Drain with Dual Gate has been analyzed. This device, not only provides higher ON current but it has also a lower leakage current in order of pA. With the help of Dual Gate (DG) electrical characteristics and Short Channel Effects improved. Analysis parameters like Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL), Subthreshold Swing, Threshold roll-off, Carrier Concentration, Gate to drain Capacitance, Gate to Source Capacitance, cut-off frequency, Conduction and Valence Band Banding are analyzed using high-k spacers.

Design And Fabrication Of Broadband Dielectric Mirrors In The Visible Range, Ali Jebelli, Hicham Chaoui, Hossein Kazemi, Arezoo Mahabadi, Balbir Dhillon

International Journal of Thin Film Science and Technology

A broadband dielectric mirror in the visible spectrum is made by putting together two quarter-wavelength stacks with two different reference wavelengths, and for smoothing the mirror’s spectrum, the gradient algorithm has been used. This mirror consists of 39 layers that have been fabricated by alternative deposition of zinc sulfide and Cryolite, using vacuum thermal evaporation on a glass substrate. The Mirror’s reflectance spectrum was measured and it was found close to ideal state.