Digital Commons Network^™

Influence Of Coriolis Force On Controlled Double-Diffusive Marangoni Convection In Nanofluid Layers, Izzati Khalidah Khalid, Ahmad Syukri Mohd Shukor, Mohd Rijal Ilias, Nurul Hafizah Zainal Abidin, Bekzodjon Fayziev

Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC)

Controlled double-diffusive Marangoni convection in a rotating nanofluid layer, heated from below, is studied. Various types of lower-upper boundary conditions, including free-free and rigid-free, are considered. The nanofluids model incorporates the mechanisms of Brownian motion and thermophoresis in nanofluids. The stability of the nanofluids model is analysed using a linear stability analysis based on the normal mode technique. The eigenvalue problem is numerically solved using the Galerkin technique and computational simulations are carried out using Maple software. The influences of several parameters are examined and presented graphically, including modified diffusivity ratio, nanoparticles concentration, solutal Rayleigh number and Soret effects. These …

Uncovering Ethical Values In Information Systems Development Methodologies, Zahidah Zulkifli, Noor Hayani Abd Rahim, Tahmid Alam, Fakhrul Hazman Yusoff, Mohammad Masudur Rahman

Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC)

Information system development involves a lot of tools, infrastructures, and humans. The many phases in system development need humans to interact and work with each other to obtain the goal: to complete information system development. These interactions of humans require the right ethics to ensure that the information system development can be successful. For example, ethical leadership is a vital component in determining the success of any project related to information system development in organizations. The aim of this study is to identify the ethical values which are important in information system development methodology phases. This systematic literature review (SLR) …

Textual Adversarial Example Generation Using Bigram Unigram-Semantic Preservation Optimization Algorithm, Noor Adam Noor Azmi, Haslizatul Fairuz Mohamed Hanum

Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC)

The vulnerability of Natural Language Processing (NLP) models to adversarial attacks remains a critical challenge in the field of cybersecurity and AI robustness. While deep learning models have achieved high performance in sentiment analysis, they are susceptible to subtle input perturbations that induce misclassification. This study presents the design and practical implementation of a web-based system (Proof of Concept) that automates the generation of textual adversarial examples using the Bigram Unigram-Semantic Preservation Optimization (BU-SPOF) algorithm. Rather than proposing a novel attack algorithm, our primary contribution is the architectural integration of a dual-source candidate generation strategy (WordNet and OpenHowNet) and a …

Lru Caching Policy Based On Naïve Bayes Ml Algorithm In Collaborative Peer-To-Peer Systems For Network Bandwidth Utilization, Waheed Yasin

Malaysian Journal of Computing (MJoC)

Web caching offers several advantages, such as increasing cache hit rates, lowering the workload on origin servers, and minimizing network traffic. Nevertheless, limited cache capacity poses a major challenge in web caching systems. Moreover, repeatedly fetching same media objects from origin servers leads to unnecessary bandwidth consumption. Furthermore, traditional caching policies, including Least Recently Used (LRU), are vulnerable to cache pollution. This study introduces a collaborative caching policy based on the Naïve Bayes (NB) Machine Learning (ML) algorithm. The proposed policy exploits structured peer-to-peer architectures, allowing cache contents to be shared among peers to improve the efficiency of LRU web …

Racing To Safety: Tax Policy For Ai Safety-By-Design, Mirit Eyal, Yonathan Arbel

Articles

The White House recently announced its vision of artificial intelligence (AI) policy: AI development is a race and America must win it. To that end, a new America's AI Action Plan directs federal agencies and states to remove regulatory barriers to AI development and accelerate innovation. This approach leaves limited room for regulatory measures that would address the safety risks of powerful AI systems: their behavior in novel domains remains unpredictable, their decision-making opaqueness, and their alignment with human values is uncertain. While experts warn of large-scale accidents, policymakers find themselves in a bind: Regulate AI and cede ground to …

Liquid Membranes For The Selective Extraction Of Lithium Ions From Brine: A Review, Maryam Gonbadi, Shayan Abrishami, Yasaman Boroumand, Ana Vafadar, Magdalena Wajrak, Amir Razmjou

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The surging global demand for lithium, driven by its essential role in batteries for electric vehicles, portable electronics, and energy storage systems, underscores the need for efficient and sustainable extraction technologies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of liquid-based membrane technologies (bulk liquid membranes (BLMs), supported liquid membranes (SLMs), and polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs)) for selective lithium extraction from brine sources. These membranes employ carrier molecules such as crown ethers, organophosphorus compounds, and ionic liquids to achieve high selectivity over competing ions through facilitated transport mechanisms. BLMs, primarily used in laboratory settings, utilize various configurations enabling selective complexation and diffusion …

Near-Wall Void Distribution Characterization In Pebble Bed Reactor Using Gamma-Ray Ct And Dem Simulation, Ahmed Jasim, Mauricio Maestri, Abdullah Al Zubaidi, Omar Farid, Muthanna Al-Dahhan

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Accurate characterization of void-fraction distributions in pebble-bed reactors (PBRs) is essential for predicting flow, heat transfer, and neutronic behavior. High-fidelity experimental benchmark data for validating such predictions remain scarce, largely due to the challenges of non-invasive measurements. In this study, gamma-ray computed tomography (CT) was employed to measure radial and cross-sectional porosity in a laboratory-scale pebble bed containing 6cm graphite pebbles. A Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulation was implemented and validated against these measurements, then applied to the full-scale geometry of the Xe-100 high-temperature gas-cooled pebble-bed reactor. Analyses included radial and axial void-fraction profiles in the cylindrical section and conical …

Radiation Protection Factor Research: The Keystone For Conventional-Nuclear Integration (Cni), Andrew W. Decker

Faculty Publications

This article briefly describes Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) vehicle Radiation Protection Factor (RPF) research and explains its critical role in enabling future Operations in a Nuclear Environment (ONE) and Conventional-Nuclear Integration (CNI) on behalf of the US Department of War (DoW).1 As such, the background and practical utility of RPF values is discussed, as well as the justification for renewed Army and DoW investment into RPF research to enhance Joint military planning, survivability, and lethality on tomorrow’s nuclear battlefields. Advances in DTRA RPF research directly strengthen US strategic and extended deterrence efforts and support all Agencies and Departments responsible …

Functional Annotation Of Gordonia Phage Minor Tail Proteins Using Alphafold And Structural Homology Searches, Harani Athwale, Mitchell Thenor

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. The basic phage structure consists of a DNA or RNA genome encased in a capsid protein shell. Some may also have a tail, important for attachment and genome delivery into the bacterial host. Recently, the structure of mycobacteriophage Bxb1 was characterized and determined to have 10 minor tail proteins, each assigned a unique function. The genomes of Gordonia rubripertincta phages Fribs8, Genamy16, Alyssamiracle, and NovaSharks were annotated, depicting several minor tai proteins. However, the specific functions were not determined. Therefore, the goal of this research was to assign a specific function to the minor …

Exercise As An Intervention Against Neuroinflammation During Binge Drinking Withdrawal, Shaina Binu, Ellie Wind, Ariana Hernandez, Iliana Uribe, Victoria Pulido-Correa

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Binge drinking, a public health concern in the United States, is associated with negative emotional and cognitive effects during alcohol withdrawal. These effects are believed to result from changes in brain regions involved in stress regulation, emotion, and decision-making, including the prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus. Alcohol exposure has been shown to increase neuroinflammation in these regions, which may contribute to anxiety-like behaviors and difficulty regulating emotions during withdrawal. In contrast, aerobic exercise is a promising non-pharmacological intervention that has been shown to reduce anxiety and support brain health. This project investigates how exercise can reduce withdrawal-related anxiety-like behaviors, following …

Evaluating Item Discrimination And Gender-Based Differential Item Functioning In Safe Sex Behavior Questionnaire (Ssbq), Prarthana Harikrishnan, Xinlei Zhang, Hannah Scheffer

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Risky sexual behavior can increase rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), posing a danger to the health of young adults. The Safe Sex Behavior Questionnaire (SSBQ; Dilorio et al., 1992) is a widely used measure to assess risky sexual behaviors among young adults. However, few studies have evaluated the psychometric properties of the SSBQ, such as how well the survey items discriminate between individuals who engage in safer versus riskier sexual behaviors (discrimination), and whether the items function equivalently for men versus women (differential item functioning). In the current study, we applied psychometric modeling to a dataset of 1,094 young …

Investigating Epigenetic Dysregulation Of Long Non-Coding Rnas In Glioblastoma And Glioma Stem Cells, Pujita Kellampalli, Mansi Gandhi, Dhruv Patel, Nehal Pant, Mihika Mishra, Shehr Bano, Aaron Basnyet

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) or Grade IV glioma is a very aggressive form of brain tumor with an overall survival rate of 15 months. The tumor contains glioma stem cells (GSCs) that are resistant to existing therapies. Long non-coding RNAs such as DNA methylation are implicated in epigenetic dysregulation of GBM and GSCs. In this study, we screened lncRNAs with altered DNA methylation in both tumor cells and GSCs compared to normal neural cells using 450K methylation array data. We identified 508 methylation sites (320 lncRNAs) that were either hypermethylated (or gained methylation) or hypomethylated (lost methylation) in GBM and GSCs. …

Creatine In Dementia And The Aging Brain, Dylan Kuni

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Dementia is a syndrome that interferes with cognitive functions and an individual's ability to function independently. Dementia includes several subtypes caused by different neuropathologies, with Alzheimer's disease (AD) being the most common form. AD is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles in the brain, associated with neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and deficits in energy metabolism. While treatments for AD exist, the efficacy, safety, and cost are a concern, highlighting the need for additional prevention and treatment strategies. This literature review examines the role of creatine in brain health and disease, including AD and related dementias. …

An Analysis Of Jump Performance Using Wearable Devices In Collegiate Volleyball Attacking Players, Caiden Largent

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Vertical jump height in volleyball, a key performance measure, may be assessed in a laboratory and measured on the court. Baseline lab measurements are conducted in a controlled environment using a Vertec, while on the court, measurements utilize VERT wearable devices as these measurements. VERT estimates jump height indirectly through inertial measurements when compared to Vertec testing. The purpose of this study is to analyze jump height performance in collegiate volleyball attacking players. Four National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II female volleyball attackers were assessed across five separate matches. Results showed differences shown between jump heights across sets and matches …

Effects Of Bhb(Beta-Hydroxybutyrate) Of Mood, Memory, And Handgrip, Christianna Needham, Sahanj Joshi, Jairaj Bajaj

Undergraduate Student Symposium

The purpose of this study was to test the effects of acute beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) on handgrip, mood states and memory of healthy men and women. The subjects were exercise science students from Nova Southeastern University between 18-22 years of age. Subjects performed Handgrip strength, Profile of Mood States (POMS), and Memtrax the tests prior to consuming BHB, as well as 30 minutes, and 60 minutes post consumption. A total of 136 healthy participants (20.5±1.4 years) were randomized into three groups: D-BHB (n=47), L-BHB (n=46), or placebo (n=43). A Two-Way ANOVA test revealed no significant …

Understanding Ice Age Climate In Buffalo Gap National Grasslands Through Heavy Mineral Analysis, Chancellor Rockwell Marks, Jenna Church

Undergraduate Student Symposium

More information about ice age climate change during Marine Isotope Stage 2 (MIS 2), the last glacial maximum, is known from ice cores and marine sediments than from continental geology. For scientists to construct climate models, they need climate information about continental areas for comparison. Marine and ice sediments are deposited in layers, year after year, with relatively little disturbance after deposition. Changes in isotopic composition of these sediments reflect profound changes in Earth's climate. The equivalent continental sediment record is loess (windblown dust), which is deposited in fine layers without subsequent disturbance. Here, we studied loess to determine paleowind …

Modeling The Binding Of Salinosporamide A (Mzb) To The Human 20s Proteasome For Potential Cancer Treatment, Jayden Ross, Jayant Ari, Audrey Anand, Giezel Medina

Undergraduate Student Symposium

This project aims to model and observe the binding of the drug Marizomib (MZB) and compare its binding affinity other similar drugs to the proteosome using the PDB ID 9HMN and bioinformatics tools. MZB is an anti-cancer drug that was derived from the marine bacterium, Salinosporamide A. Its function is to inhibit the human 20S proteasome from breaking down excess proteins, causing the cell to trigger apoptosis. Additionally, MZB has the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and utilize three catalytically active amino acid sites. The existing PDB ID (9HMN) of a 20S proteasome with MZB bound was 3D printed. …

Developing New Digital Methods To Study And Improve Eyewitness Testimony, Isabella Ryan, Brianna Munoz, Adam Durnin, Tanya Schrader, Joana Vinagre

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Witnesses play a crucial role in criminal investigations. However, their ability to recall important details is influenced by cognitive processes such as memory. To improve eyewitness testimony, psychologists developed science-based interviewing techniques, such as the Cognitive Interview, which are used by police to elicit accurate accounts. We also created new retrieval strategies, namely the Category Clustering Recall (CCR), which has been implemented by agencies such as the Los Angeles Police Department. However, research supporting the use of these techniques predominantly used the mock-witness paradigm, where participants observed a mock-crime on a two-dimensional (2D) screen and recalled it in a controlled …

Corrigendum To “Advanced Techniques In Quartz Wafer Precision Processing: Stealth Dicing Based On Filament-Induced Laser Machining” [Opt. Laser Technol. 171 (2024) 110474] (Optics And Laser Technology (2024) 171, (S0030399223013671), (10.1016/J.Optlastec.2023.110474)), Yun Wang, Yutang Dai, Farhan Mumtaz, Kaiyan Luo

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The authors regret, that the affiliation for author Yun Wang was incomplete. To accurately reflect both the author's academic affiliation and the research platform where the work was conducted. The correct affiliation for Yun Wang is updated as above. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused.

A Methotrexate Dashboard: Integrating Mtxpk.Org Into The Electronic Health Record To Facilitate Model-Informed Care For Pediatric Patients Receiving High-Dose Methotrexate., Zachary L. Taylor, Nieko Punt, Chris Jenkinson, Bill Vidonish, Jennifer Young, Maureen M. O'Brien, Laura Ramsey

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

PURPOSE: The MTXPK.org webtool facilitates model-informed supportive care and glucarpidase use in patients receiving high-dose methotrexate, but its reliance on manual data entry limits workflow integration. We aimed to highlight how translational informatics can advance, automate, and enhance the usability of clinical decision support tools by embedding MTXPK.org within the electronic health record (EHR).

METHODS: A human factors study with 6 clinical providers guided iterative prototype development. MTXPK.org was rebuilt within the EHR using a 3-tier architecture with Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources-based data retrieval, automated pharmacokinetic modeling, and interactive visualization.

RESULTS: Two rounds of prototyping with task-based evaluations and contextual …

A Comparative Analysis Estimating Aspergillosis And Histoplasmosis Encounters Among Inpatients In The United States Using Multi-Regional Electronic Health Record And National Discharge Data, 2014-2020., Brittany L. Morgan Bustamante, Juliana G E Bartels, Aidan Lee, Natalie J. Kane, Rose Reynolds, Theodore C. White, Mark A. Hoffman, Jennifer Head, Justin V. Remais

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Fungal diseases are an emerging public health threat, yet their epidemiology remains poorly understood due to limited surveillance. Electronic health record (EHR) datasets offer opportunities for studying fungal diseases, but their national representativeness is unclear. We compared inpatient encounters for aspergillosis and histoplasmosis between Oracle EHR Real World Data (OERWD) and the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample (HCUP NIS), a nationally representative discharge-derived database. We analyzed inpatient encounters from both databases and applied calibration weights to OERWD to improve alignment with national benchmarks. Relative differences (RDs) in encounter counts were compared using Wald tests. Survey-weighted quasibinomial models …

Ten Tips On How To Optimize Nutrition In Children With Chronic Kidney Disease Or On Dialysis., Nonnie Polderman, Vanessa Shaw, Caroline E. Anderson, An Desloovere, Louise Mcalister, Christina L. Nelms, Fabio Paglialonga, Pearl Pugh, Leila Qizalbash, Evelien Snauwaert, José Renken-Terhaerdt, Jetta Tuokkola, Larry A. Greenbaum, Rukshana Shroff

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Optimal nutrition is central to growth and development in all children, and is particularly relevant in those with chronic illnesses. This document provides 10 practical, evidence-informed tips on the assessment and management of the nutritional prescription in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and those receiving dialysis. The 10 tips synthesize work of the Paediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce, an international team of pediatric renal dietitians and pediatric nephrologists who develop clinical practice recommendations for the nutritional management of children with kidney diseases. We describe a comprehensive, three-dimensional nutritional assessment (anthropometry, dietary intake, biochemical markers) and regular monitoring tailored to age, …

Development Of Holographic Recording Techniques For Optical Couplers Designed For Solar Collection From Windows, Dipanjan Chakraborty

Doctoral

The main purpose of this research is to explore volume holographic optical couplers and investigate their potential for use as solar collectors in glass building structures. Such couplers are from the family of volume holographic optical elements (VHOEs) and their primary function is to re-direct the incident light so that it is trapped by Total Internal Reflection (TIR). They have been proposed for different waveguiding applications such as solar collection, head-up displays, and optical communication. Since the Sun is a non-stationary light source, often at a high altitude, couplers designed for non-normal incidence are crucial.

Ultimately, this work will address …

Afit Librarian Newsletter : Check It Out (Second Quarter 2026), D'Azzo Research Library, Air Force Institute Of Technology

AFIT Library Knowledge Base

In this issue:

• Interview with a Featured Library Advocate, Dr. William Cunningham, AFIT/ENS
• Library Display about “Inventing Flight”
• New Librarian: Catherine Stahl
• Staff Book Picks for Spring Reading

Modeling The Extracellular Matrix-Like Retinal Protein Pikachurin And Its Binding To Α-Dystroglycan And Gpcr (Gpr179), Mohit Belur, Khushi Raval, Riya Chelagiri, Rani Mehta

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Pikachurin is an extracellular matrix scaffold protein that links photoreceptor and ON-bipolar cell synapses by bridging the presynaptic dystroglycan complex and the postsynaptic receptor GPR179, ensuring precise synaptic alignment required for vision. Although its role in dystroglycanopathy associated visual phenotypes is well recognized, there is no published structural model showing how pikachurin engages α-dystroglycan or how this may influence GPCR linked synaptic signaling. This study computationally modeled full length Pikachurin using the complete nucleic acid sequence and available Protein Data Bank structures, integrating Jmol, AlphaFold, and literature-based analysis to predict domain organization, Ca²⁺-binding motifs, and glycan interaction sites …

Using X-Ray Crystallography To Inform Foldamer Drug Design, Isabella Garcia

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Foldamers are synthetic peptide oligomers that fold into well-defined three-dimensional structures, such as alpha-helices and beta-sheets. The goal of this project is to discover the solid-state confirmation of beta-amino acid foldamers that have potential as therapeutic molecules. This research represents an interdisciplinary collaboration between KAIST, a research university in South Korea, and NSU. We solved the single-crystal X-ray structures of two foldamers and then visualized their secondary structures and intermolecular contacts using Mercury. The first foldamer crystallized in the space group P2₁2₁2 and demonstrated a continuous alpha-helical secondary structure, with the residue side chains evenly distributed …

A Compendium Of Sound-Symbol Correspondences In English: More Revelations About The Challenge Of Teaching, Learning, And Applying Phonics, David Reinking, Sharon L. Reinking

Publications

In 2022, we published an article in The Journal of Reading Recovery entitled, “Why phonics (in English) is so difficult to teach, learn, and apply: What caregivers and teach- ers need to know” (Reinking & Reinking, 2022) The article outlined the unique challenges of mastering the diverse, irregular correspon- dences between letters and sounds (phonics) in English compared to the regularity of many other alphabetic languages We provided examples and explained how the complexity of English spelling creates and amplifies difficulties in teaching, learning, and applying phonics Our purpose was not to question the importance and viabil- ity of teaching …

Framing Emirati Womanhood: Heritage, Modernity, And Soft Power In Tourism Discourse, Valerie Priscilla Goby

All Works

This paper examines how Emirati womanhood is framed within the tourism discourse of the United Arab Emirates, analysing how gendered representation operates as both a cultural and political instrument in nation branding. Drawing on framing theory and informed by feminist perspectives on tourism and media representation, this study explores the visual and textual portrayal of women on official online platforms, including Visit Dubai, Visit Abu Dhabi, Emirates Airlines, and the UAE Ministry of Culture and Youth. These materials constitute a state-sanctioned narrative of national identity that integrates cultural heritage with modernity. Through qualitative framing analysis, four recurrent interpretive frames were …

A Critical Narrative Review Appraisal Of The 2025–2030 Dietary Guidelines: Scientific Strengths, Conceptual Gaps, And Overlooked Dimensions Of Sustainability And Health Equity, Dimitrios Papandreou, Azza Alsuwaidi, Zainab Taha, Constantinos Giaginis, Georgios K. Vasios, Eleni P. Andreou

All Works

The 2025–2030 Dietary Guidelines introduce an important shift in public health nutrition, emphasizing minimally processed foods, higher protein intake, greater inclusion of full-fat dairy, and a food-based advice centered on “real food” consumption. While several of these recommendations align with accumulating evidence, particularly the discouragement of ultra-processed foods and added sugars, substantial concerns remain regarding their internal coherence, population-level applicability, risk of misinterpretation, as well as environmental footprint. This critical narrative review evaluates whether the scope, emphasis, and framing of the new guideline components are proportionate to the strength, consistency, and context of the underlying evidence. Using a novel framework …

Comparative Analysis Of Traffic Impact Study Accuracy Using Turning Movement Volume Counts., Kathryn Riopel

Master of Engineering Theses

Traffic forecasting and modeling has been a significant subject of debate within the transportation sector as of the last decade. Transportation agencies and planners use traffic forecasting and modeling in order to predict current and future transportation needs, as well as the impacts of proposed developments. In particular, state departments of transportation (DOTs) and city level agencies often require developers to conduct Traffic Impact Studies (TISes) in order to gauge necessary transport network enhancements to handle new demand from proposed developments. The standards by which these TISes are conducted and judged varies widely, but primarily consists of existing traffic counts, …