Digital Commons Network^™

The Incoherence Of Evidence Law, G. Alexander Nunn

Faculty Scholarship

What is the purpose of evidence law? The answer might seem intuitive. Evidence law exists, of course, to foster verdict accuracy, legitimacy, and efficiency. But these kindred aims often come into conflict. Policy tradeoffs are inescapable in evidence law, meaning that an evidentiary regime must clarify how its normative objectives cohere. Do accuracy, legitimacy, and efficiency work together on equal footing, such that the goal of a code is to maximize each objective to the extent possible? Or does one of evidence law’s aims take precedence over the rest? And if one goal takes priority, what is the role of …

Pl 93-638: Utilizing The Indian Self Determination And Education Assistance Act (Isdeaa) To Enhance And Improve Oral Health Outcomes In A Tribal Community, Adriann Darlene Ricker

Theses and Dissertations

American Indians and Alaskan Natives experience the worst oral health outcomes. However, we are transitioning to a new era where Indigenous communities are reclaiming the narrative and health. This dissertation in practice was inspired by tribal self-determination and reclamation of health found through the newly established Fort Peck Tribal Health Dental Department utilizing the Indian Self Determination and Education Assistance Act (PL 93-638). The guiding framework for the Fort Peck Tribal Health Dental Department and this dissertation is the Indigenous Primary Health Care Delivery Model which illuminates elements of community, empowerment, and self-determination with culture as center to all healthcare …

How Threat Mobilizes The Resurgence And Persistence Of Us White Supremacist Activism: The 1980s To The Present, Pete Simi, Robert Futrell, Adam Burston

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

Despite a centuries-long history of violent mobilization, white supremacist activism (WSA) has received relatively little sociological attention outside a small, specialized subfield. Disciplinary interest began to change after Trump's 2016 election; the 2017 violent attack in Charlottesville, Virginia; and the January 6, 2021, insurrection. In recognition, this review article focuses on what has been learned about contemporary WSA since the 1980s. We categorize studies by their unit of analysis—individual or micro, meso, and macro levels—to highlight analytic commonalities and distinctions and to underscore the central role that threat plays in the ebb and flow of WSA. As part of our …

Black, White, And Red All Over: Tougaloo College And The Southern Red Scare, Simeon Gates

Honors Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to explain the Mississippi State Sovereignty Commission’s use of red baiting tactics against civil rights activists. Civil rights activists in Mississippi weathered countless physical, economic, and reputational attacks. The movement took off during the 1950s at the same time as the nation entered the Cold War. White supremacist southerners fought to preserve segregation through violent and nonviolent means. As the rest of the nation slowly came out of Cold War-fueled hysteria known as the second red scare, segregationists in the south were influenced by it. They cast the entire civil rights movement as a …

Criminalizing Ecocide, Rebecca Hamilton

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

Amid widespread acknowledgment that we live on a planet in peril, the term “ecocide” packs a powerful rhetorical punch. Extant regulatory approaches to environmental protection feel insufficient in the face of the triple threat of climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss. International criminal prosecution for ecocide, by contrast, promises to meet the moment, and a recent proposal to introduce ecocide into the canon of core international crimes is gaining traction. Assuming the push to criminalize ecocide continues to gain momentum, this Article argues that the primary (and perhaps, sole) benefit that international criminal law can offer in this context is …

Ceo Humility And Corporate Social Irresponsibility: Evidence Based On A New Unobtrusive Measure, Amy Y. Ou, Qian Lu, Xina Li, Chi-Nien Chung, Guoli Chen

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Chief executive officers (CEOs) are expected to guard their firms against corporate social irresponsibility (CSIR) incidents. In this study, we hypothesize that CEO humility relates negatively to CSIR occurrence and positively to correction because of CEO preferences for protecting stakeholder interests and employing systematic information processing. These associations are stronger in industries with a high number of CSIR incidents and when top management teams have a higher ratio of gender and racial minorities. We develop and validate a new unobtrusive measure of CEO humility by using automated, objective behavioral indicators derived from earnings conference call transcripts. Our arguments and hypotheses …

Bigh3 Mediates Apoptosis And Gap Junction Failure In Osteocytes During Renal Cell Carcinoma Bone Metastasis Progression, Tianhong Pan, Fengshuo Liu, Xiaoxin Hao, Shubo Wang, Murtaza Wasi, Valerae O Lewis, Bryan Moon, Justin E Bird, Theocharis Panaretakis, Sue-Hwa Lin, Danielle Wu, Mary C Farach-Carson, Liyun Wang, Ningyan Zhang, Zhiqiang An, Xiang H-F Zhang, Robert L Satcher

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) bone metastatis progression is driven by crosstalk between tumor cells and the bone microenvironment, which includes osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes. RCC bone metastases (RCCBM) are predominantly osteolytic and resistant to antiresorptive therapy. The molecular mechanisms underlying pathologic osteolysis and disruption of bone homeostasis remain incompletely understood. We previously reported that BIGH3/TGFBI (transforming growth factor-beta-induced protein ig-h3, shortened to BIGH3 henceforth) secreted by colonizing RCC cells drives osteolysis by inhibiting osteoblast differentiation, impairing healing of osteolytic lesions, which is reversible with osteoanabolic agents. Here, we report that BIGH3 induces osteocyte apoptosis in both human RCCBM tissue specimens …

The T2-Flair Mismatch Sign In Oncologic Neuroradiology: History, Current Use, Emerging Data, And Future Directions, Samir A Dagher, Riley Hideo Lochner, Burak Berksu Ozkara, Donald F Schomer, Max Wintermark, F Eymen Ucisik

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The T2-Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (T2-FLAIR) mismatch sign is a radiogenomic marker that is easily discernible on preoperative conventional MR imaging. Application of strict criteria (adult population, cerebral hemisphere location, and classic imaging morphology) permits the noninvasive preoperative diagnosis of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant 1p/19q-non-codeleted diffuse astrocytoma with near-perfect specificity, albeit with variably low sensitivity. This leads to improved preoperative planning and patient counseling. More recent research has shown that the application of less strict criteria compromises the near-perfect specificity of the sign but remains adequate for ruling out IDH-wildtype (glioblastoma) phenotype, which bears a far grimmer prognosis compared to IDH-mutant diffuse …

Poly(Adp-Ribose) Polymerase-1 Regulates Pyroptosis Independent Function Of Nlrp3 Inflammasome In Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation, Louis J Delinois, Atul Sharma, Ashwin K Ramesh, Laurel D Boatright, Qun Li, Hongbo R Luo, Jyotika Sharma

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) function to control infectious agents as well as to propagate inflammatory response in a variety of disease conditions. DNA damage associated with chromatin decondensation and NACHT domain-leucine-rich repeat-and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation have emerged as crucial events in NET formation, but the link between the two processes is unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), a key DNA repair enzyme, regulates NET formation triggered by NLRP3 inflammasome activation in neutrophils. Activation of mouse neutrophils with canonical NLRP3 stimulants LPS and nigericin induced NET formation, which was significantly abrogated by pharmacological …

Pbi-05204, A Supercritical Co2 Extract Of Nerium Oleander, Suppresses Glioblastoma Stem Cells By Inhibiting Grp78 And Inducing Programmed Necroptotic Cell, Sharmistha Chakraborty, Daoyan Wei, Megan Tran, Frederick F Lang, Robert A Newman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Successful treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an aggressive form of primary brain neoplasm, mandates the need to develop new therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the potential of PBI-05204 in targeting GBM stem cells (GSCs) and the underlying mechanisms. Treatment with PBI-05204 significantly reduced both the number and size of tumor spheres derived from patient-derived GSCs (GBM9, GSC28 and TS543), and suppressed the tumorigenesis of GBM9 xenografts. Moreover, PBI-05204 treatment led to a significant decrease in the expression of CD44 and NANOG, crucial markers of progenitor stem cells, in GBM9 and GSC28 GSCs. This treatment also down-regulated GRP78 expression …

Mapping The Single-Cell Differentiation Landscape Of Osteosarcoma, Danh D Truong, Corey Weistuch, Kevin A Murgas, Prasad Admane, Bridgette L King, Salah-E Lamhamedi-Cherradi, Najat C Daw, Nancy Gordon, Vidya Gopalakrishnan, Richard G Gorlick, Neeta Somaiah, Joseph O Deasy, Antonios G Mikos, Allen Tannenbaum, Joseph Ludwig

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: The genetic intratumoral heterogeneity observed in human osteosarcomas poses challenges for drug development and the study of cell fate, plasticity, and differentiation, which are processes linked to tumor grade, cell metastasis, and survival.

Experimental design: To pinpoint errors in osteosarcoma differentiation, we transcriptionally profiled 31,527 cells from a tissue-engineered model that directs mesenchymal stem cells toward adipogenic and osteoblastic fates. Incorporating preexisting chondrocyte data, we applied trajectory analysis and non-negative matrix factorization to generate the first human mesenchymal differentiation atlas.

Results: This "roadmap" served as a reference to delineate the cellular composition of morphologically complex osteosarcoma tumors and quantify …

Tumoral Interferon Beta Induces An Immune-Stimulatory Phenotype In Tumor-Associated Macrophages In Melanoma Brain Metastases, Julia Gellert, Dennis A Agardy, Swaminathan Kumar, Alexandros Kourtesakis, Tamara Boschert, Michael O Breckwoldt, Wolfgang Wick, Michael A Davies, Michael Platten, Theresa Bunse

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Type I interferons (IFN) are immune-stimulatory cytokines involved in antiviral and antitumor immune responses. They enhance the efficacy of immunogenic anticancer therapies such as radiotherapy by activating both innate and adaptive immune cells. Macrophages are one of the most abundant innate immune cells in the immune microenvironment of melanoma brain metastases (MBM) and can exert potent immune-suppressive functions. Here, we investigate the potential of tumoral type I IFNs to repolarize tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in two murine MBM models and assess the effects of radiotherapy-induced type I IFN on TAMs in a transcriptomic MBM patient dataset. In mice, we describe a …

Nf1 Mutation Disrupts Activity-Dependent Oligodendroglial Plasticity And Motor Learning In Mice, Yuan Pan, Jared D Hysinger, Belgin Yalçın, James J Lennon, Youkyeong Gloria Byun, Nicole F Schindler, Jit Chatterjee, Lijun Ni, Haojun Xu, Karen Malacon, Samin M Jahan, Alexis E Ivec, Benjamin E Aghoghovwia, Christopher W Mount, Surya Nagaraja, Suzanne Scheaffer, Laura D Attardi, David H Gutmann, Michelle Monje

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Neurogenetic disorders, such as neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), can cause cognitive and motor impairments, traditionally attributed to intrinsic neuronal defects such as disruption of synaptic function. Activity-regulated oligodendroglial plasticity also contributes to cognitive and motor functions by tuning neural circuit dynamics. However, the relevance of oligodendroglial plasticity to neurological dysfunction in NF1 is unclear. Here we explore the contribution of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) to pathological features of the NF1 syndrome in mice. Both male and female littermates (4-24 weeks of age) were used equally in this study. We demonstrate that mice with global or OPC-specific Nf1 heterozygosity exhibit defects …

Case-Case Genome-Wide Analyses Identify Subtype-Informative Variants That Confer Risk For Breast Cancer, Xiaohui Sun, Shiv P Verma, Guochong Jia, Xinjun Wang, Jie Ping, Xiao-Ou Shu, Andriy Derkach, Qiuyin Cai, Xiaolin Liang, Jirong Long, Kenneth Offit, Jung H Oh, Anne S Reiner, Gordon P Watt, Meghan Woods, Yaohua Yang, Christine B Ambrosone, Stefan Ambs, Yu Chen, Patrick Concannon, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Jian Gu, Christopher A Haiman, Jennifer J Hu, Dezheng Huo, Esther M John, Julia A Knight, Christopher I Li, Charles F Lynch, Lene Mellemkjær, Katherine L Nathanson, Barbara Nemesure, Olufunmilayo I Olopade, Andrew F Olshan, Tuya Pal, Julie R Palmer, Michael F Press, Maureen Sanderson, Dale P Sandler, Melissa A Troester, Wei Zheng, Jonine L Bernstein, Matthew F Buas, Xiang Shu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Breast cancer includes several subtypes with distinct characteristic biological, pathologic, and clinical features. Elucidating subtype-specific genetic etiology could provide insights into the heterogeneity of breast cancer to facilitate the development of improved prevention and treatment approaches. In this study, we conducted pairwise case-case comparisons among five breast cancer subtypes by applying a case-case genome-wide association study (CC-GWAS) approach to summary statistics data of the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. The approach identified 13 statistically significant loci and eight suggestive loci, the majority of which were identified from comparisons between triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and luminal A breast cancer. Associations of lead …

Online Act For Caregivers: A Longitudinal Mixed Methods Study, Jacob D. Gossner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Family caregivers for people with dementia are a resilient population operating under stressful circumstances that can put them at risk of multiple negative outcomes. Existing interventions may be difficult for family caregivers to access due to time and transportation constraints; an alternative is online, self-guided interventions that caregivers can access from their own homes. The purpose of this dissertation is to evaluate the impact of ACT for Caregivers, a six session online, self-guided program based on the principles of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Participants had an average age of 61.93 (SD = 13.69), had been caregiving for an average …

Take A Seat: The Impact Of Three Classroom Seating Arrangements On Individual Student Performance, Mikayla Camacho

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

This study tested three common classroom seating arrangements: rows and columns, groups, and semicircle. It tested various seating arrangements to determine which one works best for young students who struggle with staying on task and tend to be disruptive. Researchers also studied if students did their work correctly and finished on time and what both students and teachers thought about the seating arrangements. Four students were observed in the different seating arrangements, and 10 students and one teacher were asked to answer questions about the different types of seating arrangements. The students' focus and behavior improved with semicircle seating; whereas, …

Socially Valued, Ecologically In Decline: Place Attachment Influences Support For Management Actions In A Quaking Aspen Forest Impacted By Recreation, Soil Contamination, And Ungulates, Georgie Corkery

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present

Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) spark strong emotional attachments among many people, yet they are ecologically in decline across North America. Aspen landscapes are also popular outdoor recreation destinations. Site-specific strategies are required for both managing for healthy aspen landscapes and enhancing the outdoor recreation experience. Our study investigated a highly-recreated and ecologically declining aspen forest in Summit County, Utah facing population decline. There were two distinct phases of data collection. First, we evaluated the condition of the aspen and identified potential management actions that could improve the condition of the aspen. Second, we surveyed people who visited the site …

Early Cold Stored Platelet Transfusion Following Severe Injury: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Lucy Z Kornblith, Eva V Zadorozny, Laura E Vincent, Ashley M Harner, Emily T Love, Joseph E Doherty, Joseph Cuschieri, Aaron E Kornblith, Erin E Fox, Yu Bai, Marcus K Hoffman, Catherine P Seger, Jay Hudgins, Sheila Mallett-Smith, Matthew D Neal, Christine M Leeper, Philip C Spinella, Mark H Yazer, Stephen R Wisniewski, Cold Stored Platelet For Hemorrhagic Shock (Crisp-Hs) Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of early cold stored platelet transfusion compared with standard care resuscitation in patients with hemorrhagic shock.

BACKGROUND: Data demonstrating the safety and efficacy of early cold stored platelet transfusion are lacking following severe injury.

METHODS: A phase 2, multicenter, randomized, open label, clinical trial was performed at 5 US trauma centers. Injured patients at risk of large volume blood transfusion and the need for hemorrhage control procedures were enrolled and randomized. The intervention was the early transfusion of a single apheresis cold stored platelet unit, stored for up to 14 days versus …

Cluster-Based Toxicity Estimation Of Osteoradionecrosis Via Unsupervised Machine Learning: Moving Beyond Single Dose-Parameter Normal Tissue Complication Probability By Using Whole Dose-Volume Histograms For Cohort Risk Stratification, Seyedmohammadhossein Hosseinian, Mehdi Hemmati, Cem Dede, Travis C Salzillo, Lisanne V Van Dijk, Stephen Y Lai, Clifton D Fuller

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Given the limitations of extant models for normal tissue complication probability estimation for osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible, the purpose of this study was to enrich statistical inference by exploiting structural properties of data and provide a clinically reliable model for ORN risk evaluation through an unsupervised-learning analysis that incorporates the whole radiation dose distribution on the mandible.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: The analysis was conducted on retrospective data of 1259 patients with head and neck cancer treated at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center between 2005 and 2015. During a minimum 12-month posttherapy follow-up period, 173 patients …

A Biallelic Variant Of The Rna Exosome Gene, Exosc4, Associated With Neurodevelopmental Defects Impairs Rna Exosome Function And Translation, Milo B Fasken, Sara W Leung, Lauryn A Cureton, Maha Al-Awadi, Adila Al-Kindy, Sohail Khoshnevis, Almundher Al-Maawali, Anita H Corbett

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The RNA exosome is an evolutionarily conserved complex required for both precise RNA processing and decay. Pathogenic variants in EXOSC genes, which encode structural subunits of this complex, are linked to several autosomal recessive disorders. Here, we describe a missense allele of the EXOSC4 gene that causes a collection of clinical features in two affected siblings. This missense variant (NM_019037.3: exon3:c.560T>C) changes a leucine residue within a conserved region of EXOSC4 to proline (p.Leu187Pro). The two affected individuals show prenatal growth restriction, failure to thrive, global developmental delay, intracerebral and basal ganglia calcifications, and kidney failure. Homozygosity for the …

T-Cell-Rich Hodgkin Lymphoma With Features Of Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma And Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Borderline Category With Overlapping Morphologic And Immunophenotypic Features, Siba El Hussein, Hong Fang, Fatima Zahra Jelloul, Wei Wang, Sanam Loghavi, Jonathan W Friedberg, Andrew G Evans, Jie Xu, L Jeffrey Medeiros

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Context.—: It is known that a subset of cases of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) with B-cell-rich nodules (lymphocyte-rich CHL) exhibits morphologic and immunophenotypic features that overlap with nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL), raising diagnostic difficulties that can be resolved in most cases by performing an adequate battery of immunohistochemical studies.

Objective.—: To fully characterize cases of T-cell-rich Hodgkin lymphoma where a specific diagnosis of NLPHL (ie, pattern D) or CHL could not be made even after complete immunophenotypic investigation.

Design.—: The clinical, immunomorphologic, and molecular (when applicable) presentation of 3 cases of T-cell-rich Hodgkin lymphoma was thoroughly investigated.

Results.—: These …

Disparities In Exposure To Tobacco On Television Or Streaming Platforms, Henry K Onyeaka, Onyema G Chido-Amajuoyi, Itunu Sokale, Kobi V Ajayi, A Eden Evins, Sanjay Shete

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: With the rise in popularity of streaming platforms concerns about exposure to tobacco advertising and promotion have emerged. While tobacco marketing and promotion through traditional television (TV) media channels has been extensively studied, less is known about exposure to tobacco through TV or streaming platforms and its associated factors.

Objective: To examine the prevalence and factors associated with exposure to tobacco products advertised, marketed, or promoted on TV or streaming platforms among US adults.

Design, setting, and participants: This cross-sectional study used data from the National Cancer Institute's Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 6), conducted from March 7 …

P53r172h And P53r245w Hotspot Mutations Drive Distinct Transcriptomes In Mouse Mammary Tumors Through A Convergent Transcriptional Mediator, Joy M Mcdaniel, Rhiannon L Morrissey, Denada Dibra, Lalit R Patel, Shunbin Xiong, Gilda P Chau, Yuan Qi, Adel K El-Naggar, Guillermina Lozano

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Aggressive breast cancers harbor TP53 missense mutations. Tumor cells with TP53 missense mutations exhibit enhanced growth and survival through transcriptional rewiring. To delineate how TP53 mutations in breast cancer contribute to tumorigenesis and progression in vivo, we created a somatic mouse model driven by mammary epithelial cell-specific expression of Trp53 mutations. Mice developed primary mammary tumors reflecting the human molecular subtypes of luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched, and triple-negative breast cancer with metastases. Transcriptomic analyses comparing MaPR172H/− or MaPR245W/− mammary tumors to MaP−/− tumors revealed (1) differences in cancer-associated pathways activated in both p53 …

Pb-05204, A Supercritical Co2 Extract Of Nerium Oleander, Suppresses Glioblastoma Stem Cells By Inhibiting Grp78 And Inducing Programmed Necroptotic Cell Death, Sharmistha Chakraborty, Daoyan Wei, Megan Tran, Frederick F Lang, Robert A Newman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Successful treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an aggressive form of primary brain neoplasm, mandates the need to develop new therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the potential of PBI-05204 in targeting GBM stem cells (GSCs) and the underlying mechanisms. Treatment with PBI-05204 significantly reduced both the number and size of tumor spheres derived from patient-derived GSCs (GBM9, GSC28 and TS543), and suppressed the tumorigenesis of GBM9 xenografts. Moreover, PBI-05204 treatment led to a significant decrease in the expression of CD44 and NANOG, crucial markers of progenitor stem cells, in GBM9 and GSC28 GSCs. This treatment also down-regulated GRP78 expression …

Settingsorder Article Reprints Open Accessarticle A Model To Account For The Effects Of Load Ratio And Hydrogen Pressure On The Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior Of Pressure Vessel Steels, Ashok Saxena, Kip O. Findley

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A phenomenological model for estimating the effects of load ratio R and hydrogen pressure P_H2 on the hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth rate (HA-FCGR) behavior in the transient and steady-state regimes of pressure vessel steels is described. The "transient regime" is identified with crack growth within a severely embrittled zone of intense plasticity at the crack tip. The "steady-state" behavior is associated with the crack growing into a region of comparatively lower hydrogen concentration located further away from the crack tip. The model treats the effects of R and P_H2 as being functionally separable. In the transient …

Structure Of Adenylyl Cyclase 5 In Complex With Gβγ Offers Insights Into Adcy5-Related Dyskinesia, Val J Watts

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The nine different membrane-anchored adenylyl cyclase isoforms (AC1-9) in mammals are stimulated by the heterotrimeric G protein, Gαs, but their response to Gβγ regulation is isoform specific. In the present study, we report cryo-electron microscope structures of ligand-free AC5 in complex with Gβγ and a dimeric form of AC5 that could be involved in its regulation. Gβγ binds to a coiled-coil domain that links the AC transmembrane region to its catalytic core as well as to a region (C1b) that is known to be a hub for isoform-specific regulation. We confirmed the Gβγ interaction with both purified proteins and cell-based …

Vertebrate And Invertebrate Animal Infection Models Of Candida Auris Pathogenicity

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Candida auris is an emerging fungal pathogen with several concerning qualities. First recognized in 2009, it has arisen in multiple geographically distinct genomic clades nearly simultaneously. C. auris strains are typically multidrug resistant and colonize the skin much better than most other pathogenic fungi; it also persists on abiotic surfaces, enabling outbreaks due to transmission in health care facilities. All these suggest a biology substantially different from the 'model' fungal pathogen, Candida albicans and support intensive investigation of C. auris biology directly. To uncover novel virulence mechanisms in this species requires the development of appropriate animal infection models. Various studies …

The Harms Of Imprisonment And Envisioning A Desistance-Supporting ‘Good Society’, Patricia Gray, Julie Parsons

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

Research evidence in the 21st century strongly indicates that prisons are inherently harmful environments in which to try to support rehabilitation, because of their destructive impact on identity, self-actualisation, mental health and social relationships. Yet HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) continues to propose that prisons can be legitimate sites of rehabilitation as well as centres of punishment. This article begins by interrogating this proposition by looking at research conducted in an adult male prison. By specifically focusing on the interpersonal conflicts and tensions that the men experience in their daily lives, the research highlights the ‘relational’ and ‘self-actualising’ harms …

New Geographies Of Crime? Cybercrime, Southern Criminology And Diversifying Research Agendas, Tim Hall, Richard Yarwood

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

This paper argues that reconsidering the disciplinary significance of the geographies of crime is timely. It has three aims. First, it identifies recent developments in the geographical study of crime, arguing that they both challenge and extend its intellectual traditions. Second, using the example of cybercrime, it identifies new forms of crime that deserve scrutiny by geographers. Third, it draws on ideas of Southern criminology to identify how research agendas can be diversified to advance how geographers study crime. In doing so it proposes that geographers’ renewed interest in crime over recent decades is appropriately labelled ‘new geographies of crime’.

An Atypical Form Of 60s Ribosomal Subunit In Diamond-Blackfan Anemia Linked To Rpl17 Variants., Florence Fellmann, Carol J. Saunders, Marie-Françoise O'Donohue, David W. Reid, Kelsey A. Mcfadden, Nathalie Montel-Lehry, Cong Yu, Mingyan Fang, Jianguo Zhang, Beryl Royer-Bertrand, Pietro Farinelli, Narjesse Karboul, Jason R. Willer, Lorraine Fievet, Zahurul Alam Bhuiyan, Alissa Lw Kleinhenz, Julie Jadeau, Joy M. Fulbright, Carlo Rivolta, Raffaele Renella, Nicholas Katsanis, Jacques S. Beckmann, Christopher V. Nicchitta, Lydie Da Costa, Erica E. Davis, Pierre-Emmanuel Gleizes

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Diamond-Blackfan anemia syndrome (DBA) is a ribosomopathy associated with loss-of-function variants in more than 20 ribosomal protein (RP) genes. Here, we report the genetic, functional, and biochemical dissection of 2 multigenerational pedigrees with variants in RPL17, a large ribosomal subunit protein-encoding gene. Affected individuals had clinical features and erythroid proliferation defects consistent with DBA. Further, RPL17/uL22 depletion resulted in anemia and micrognathia in zebrafish larvae, and in vivo complementation studies indicated that RPL17 variants were pathogenic. Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) derived from patients displayed a ribosomal RNA maturation defect reflecting haploinsufficiency of RPL17. The proteins encoded by RPL17 variants were …