Digital Commons Network^™

Forward-Secure Hierarchical Delegable Signature For Smart Homes, Jianfei Sun, Guowen Xu, Yang Yang, Xuehuan Yang, Xiaoguo Li, Cong Wu, Zhen Liu, Guomin Yang, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Aiming to provide people with great convenience and comfort, smart home systems have been deployed in thousands of homes. In this paper, we focus on handling the security and privacy issues in such a promising system by customizing a new cryptographic primitive to provide the following security guarantees: (1) fine-grained, privacy-preserving authorization for smart home users and integrity protection of communication contents; (2) flexible self-sovereign permission delegation; (3) forward security of previous messages. To our knowledge, no previous system has been designed to consider these three security and privacy requirements simultaneously. To tackle these challenges, we put forward the first-ever …

Leading With Courage: Defending Intellectual Freedom And Championing A Broad Range Of Ideas In Law Libraries, Leslie A. Street

Library Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Race, The Academy, And The Constitution Of The War On Drugs, Bennett Capers, Jeffrey Bellin

Faculty Publications

The war on drugs is widely viewed as a policy failure. Despite massive government intrusions on personal liberty, drug addiction, overdoses, and drug-related violence have only increased since the war was declared in 1971. David Pozen’s new book, The Constitution of the War on Drugs, reveals a constitutional failure as well. Pozen chronicles a host of constitutional arguments that American litigants deployed to protect a “right” to use drugs with surprising, if fleeting, success. Pozen asks what might have been, exploring why the courts backtracked and effectively removed the Constitution as a meaningful obstacle to drug prohibitions.

This Review …

Why You Cannot Find A Swing Justice When You Really Need One, Neal Devins

William & Mary Law Review

From Richard Nixon’s 1972 appointment of swing Justice Lewis Powell until Donald Trump’s 2018 appointment of Brett Kavanaugh (to replace swing Justice Anthony Kennedy), the swing Justice ruled the roost. Sometimes voting with the Court’s conservatives and other times with its liberals, the swing Justice often cast the deciding vote and often embraced a sui generis middle ground. Those days now seem like a distant memory. An ideologically simpatico majority coalition drives the post-2018 Roberts Court (especially after Justice Amy Coney Barrett filled Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg’s seat in 2020). In this Article, I will use the Court’s affirmative action …

Caloric Restriction And Telomere Preservation In Tert Knockout Adipocyte Progenitors Does Not Rescue Mice From Metabolic Dysfunction Due To A Tert Function In Adipocyte Mitochondria, Zhanguo Gao, Yongmei Yu, Kristin Eckel-Mahan, Mikhail G Kolonin

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Inactivation of telomerase (TERT) in adipocyte progenitor cells (APC) expedites telomere attrition, and the onset of diabetes in mice fed high-fat diet (HFD), which promotes APC over-proliferation and replicative senescence. Here, we show that time-restricted feeding or caloric restriction in the postnatal development of mice subsequently subjected to HFD prevents telomere attrition but not glucose intolerance. This metabolic effect of dietary intervention was not observed for mice with TERT KO in endothelial or myeloid cells. To characterize the telomere-independent effects of TERT in the APC lineage, we analyzed mice with TERT knockout in mature adipocytes (AD-TERT-KO), which do not proliferate …

"Insanity" As An American Empire: The Canton Insane Asylum For American Indians, 1902-1934, Thanh Chi Nguyen

Dartmouth College Master’s Theses

This graduate thesis involves a retelling of the history of the now defunct Canton Insane Asylum, built in the early 20th century located in Canton, South Dakota. It was America’s first federal psychiatric facility dedicated exclusively for American Indians. The Canton Insane Asylum for American Indians is a touchstone whose microhistory reflects larger political and economic sentiments in both the state of South Dakota and in the United States writ large. Conceiving South Dakota, as first and foremost a white settler society erected on land forcibly wrested from American Indian people, the asylum played an important economic development role and …

Climate Change Litigation In New York, Michael B. Gerrard

Faculty Scholarship

Numerous lawsuits have been brought in the federal and state courts in New York concerning climate change. Some were under two important state statutes on the subject – the Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act of 2019 (CLCPA)and New York Climate Superfund Act of 2024. Others are brought under various common law, consumer protection, securities, and other theories. This column describes the most important of these cases.

Regionalism And The Federal Reserve Banks, Kathryn Judge, Lev Menand

Faculty Scholarship

Regionalism is central to our country’s central banking system. Rather than rely on a single organization to set monetary policy and oversee banks, Congress created a multiplicity of bodies including twelve Federal Reserve Banks (FRBs), each designed to operate in a different part of the country. These FRBs are an early and undertheorized example of how the federal government uses regional bodies to formulate and administer federal policy. When they were first authorized in 1913, their regional character assuaged concerns about centralizing power over the economy. Today, the FRBs continue to play a number of important roles, helping to shape …

Shadow Banking And Securities Law, Gabriel Rauterberg, Jeffery Y. Zhang

Faculty Scholarship

Shadow banking may be the single greatest challenge facing financial regulation. Financial institutions that function like banks, but fall outside the scope of banking regulation — aptly termed “shadow banks” — were at the heart of the Global Financial Crisis and most episodes of serious financial stress since then. Scholars have largely focused on one response to this problem: extending traditional banking regulation to shadow banks. Yet more than fifteen years after the crisis, major regulatory efforts along this route have stalled.

In this Article, we explore the uneasy case for greater regulation of shadow banking through a different route …

Mapping Third Party Litigation Funding In The European Union: Canada, Camille Cameron

Reports & Public Policy Documents

In reply to the EU Commission’s Request for service number JUST/2023/PR/JCOO/CIVI/0016, the Justice and Consumers Evaluation Consortium (JCEC)led by the British Institute of International and Comparative Law (BIICL) and Civic Consulting, and supported by experts from the Asser Institute and from Risk & Policy Analysts (RPA), carried out a study on Mapping Third Party Litigation Funding in the European Union.

The aim of the study is to collect and analyse information on legal frameworks and practices of thirdparty llitigation funding (TPLF) in the Member States of the European Union and selected third countries (CA, CH, UK, US). The study is …

Multi-Omics Delineate Growth Factor Network Underlying Exercise Effects In An Alzheimer’S Mouse Model, Xin Li, Chaozhong Liu, Wenbo Li, Guantong Qi, Yanwan Dai, Chaohao Gu, Yuxiang Sun, Wenjun Zhou, Veronica C Ciliberto, Jing Liang, Udhaya Kumar S, Dongyin Guan, Zhaoyong Hu, Hui Zheng, Zhandong Liu, Hu Chen, Ying-Wooi Wan, Zheng Sun

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Introduction: Physical exercise is a primary defense against age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: We conducted single-nucleus transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses (snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq) on the hippocampus of mice carrying mutations in the amyloid precursor protein gene (APPNL-G-F) following prolonged voluntary wheel-running exercise.

Results: Exercise mitigates amyloid-induced changes in transcriptome and chromatin accessibility through cell type-specific regulatory networks converging on growth factor signaling, particularly the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. The beneficial effects of exercise on neurocognition can be blocked by pharmacological inhibition of EGFR and its downstream PI3K signaling. Exercise leads to elevated levels of …

Parameterizing Toxic Stress In Early Childhood: Maternal Depression, Maltreatment, And Hpa-Axis Variation In A Pilot Intervention Study, Rachael E Wagner, Melissa Jonson-Reid, Brett Drake, Patricia L Kohl, Laura Pons, Yi Zhang, Robert T Fitzgerald, Mark L Laudenslager, John N Constantino

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Adverse experiences superseding a child's capacity to sustain regulation of emotion and adaptive function are theorized to constitute "toxic stressors" when they induce a deleterious biological response within an individual. We ascertained presumptive parameters of toxic stress among 164 low-income infants and toddlers (ages 4-48 months) from 132 families enrolled in Early Head Start (EHS). We randomized a subset of these families into a pilot intervention arm of parenting education (the Incredible Years, TIY), which supplemented the EHS curriculum. Official report child abuse and neglect (CAN) and child behavior were serially ascertained over the course of the study. We observed …

Genetically Engineered Brain Organoids Recapitulate Spatial And Developmental States Of Glioblastoma Progression, Matthew Ishahak, Rowland H Han, Devi Annamalai, Timothy Woodiwiss, Colin Mccornack, Ryan T Cleary, Patrick A Desouza, Xuan Qu, Sonika Dahiya, Albert H Kim, Jeffrey R Millman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive form of brain cancer that is highly resistant to therapy due to significant intra-tumoral heterogeneity. The lack of robust in vitro models to study early tumor progression has hindered the development of effective therapies. Here, this study develops engineered GBM organoids (eGBOs) harboring GBM subtype-specific oncogenic mutations to investigate the underlying transcriptional regulation of tumor progression. Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analyses revealed that these mutations disrupt normal neurodevelopment gene regulatory networks resulting in changes in cellular composition and spatial organization. Upon xenotransplantation into immunodeficient mice, eGBOs form tumors that recapitulate the transcriptional and spatial landscape …

Visual Field Progression In The Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study, Mae O Gordon, Dale K Heuer, Eve J Higginbotham, Richard K Parrish, Lei Liu, James D Brandt, Julia B Huecker, J Phillip Miller, Chamila Perera, Chris Xie, John L Keltner, Chris A Johnson, Stuart K Gardiner, Jeffrey M Liebmann, Michael A Kass

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: To determine the rate of visual field (VF) loss before and after the diagnosis of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in the Ocular Hypertension Treatment Study (OHTS).

DESIGN: Prespecified analyses of data collected prospectively in a clinical trial with extended follow-up.

SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Participants who developed POAG during OHTS 1 and 2 (February 1994 to December 2008) constitute an inception cohort. Follow-up data were collected in OHTS 3 (January 2016-April 2019). Analyses were performed from July 2021 to August 2022.

INTERVENTION: In OHTS 1 and 2, visual field (VF) tests were performed every 6 months and stereoscopic optic …

Criminal Abortion And Citizen’S Arrest, Ira P. Robbins

Utah Law Review

In the aftermath of Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, many states rushed to classify abortion as homicide. In addition to criminalizing abortion, some states have shown a willingness to place enforcement of the new laws in the hands of ordinary citizens through a variety of private enforcement mechanisms. These new abortion statutes exist in tandem with existing citizen’s arrest laws to create the possibility for women, providers, and those who assist them to be subject to this problem-ridden doctrine. This Article analyzes potential scenarios in which these areas clash and pose new risks to exercising what was not long …

Policing’S Free-Speech Problem, G. Alex Sinha

Utah Law Review

The central claim of this Article is that a significant share of typical policing activity is wildly and egregiously unconstitutional. More precisely, police regularly, predictably, and systematically violate the hardest, most settled core of free-speech law under the First Amendment. We have grown to tolerate these violations—we have not even noticed them!—because they are difficult to litigate. But they are inescapable. Having seen them, we cannot abide these violations without entirely overturning the modern understanding of free-speech rights under the First Amendment.

It is well-settled that, under the First Amendment, the government generally may not discriminate against (or in favor …

Protecting The Presumption Of Innocence: Tiktok Detectives, Misinformation And Private Content Moderation, Paige Sanders

Utah Law Review

The presumption of innocence is a fundamental component of the American legal system, but modern media platforms undermine its effectiveness. Platforms like TikTok have become popular sites for true crime content, allowing online detectives to spin their own narratives about high-profile crimes, often with little regard for the truth. This trend undermines the integrity of the legal system and causes irreversible harm to those being baselessly accused on social media. While TikTok and other social media platforms employ guidelines to moderate users’ content, they consistently fall short in preventing the spread of unverified true crime content. This Note explores TikTok’s …

Abolition By Algorithm, Peter N. Salib

Michigan Law Review

In one sense, America’s newest abolitionist movement—advocating the elimination of policing and prison—has been a success. Following the 2020 Black Lives Matter protests, a small group of self-described radicals convinced a wide swath of ordinary liberals to accept a sweeping claim: Mere reforms cannot meaningfully reduce prison and policing’s serious harms. Only elimination can. On the other hand, abolitionists have failed to secure lasting policy change. The difficulty is crime. In 2021, following a nationwide uptick in homicides, liberal support for abolitionist proposals collapsed. Despite being newly “abolition curious,” left-leaning voters consistently rejected concrete abolitionist policies. Faced with the difficult …

The Dormant Power Of State Agencies To Fight Environmental Racism, David Handelman-Holmes

Michigan Law Review

Despite repeated promises by Democratic presidents to address environmental justice (EJ), meaningful federal action on the issue remains elusive. The EJ obligations that have been imposed on federal agencies are all purely procedural, not substantive. Such procedural obligations—like filing environmental impact statements and providing forums for community feedback—may facilitate greater transparency and accountability from industry and government agencies. But in the absence of more substantive obligations—like stricter emissions caps in highly burdened communities of color—these procedural requirements are often satisfied through mere box-checking. Meanwhile, litigants pursuing relief through the U.S. Constitution’s Equal Protection Clause face closed courthouse doors unless they …

Emergence Of Infective Endocarditis Due To Serratia Spp.: Results Of A Multicenter Cohort, Leah Madeline Mccrary, Douglas Slain, Sunish Shah, Bobbi Jo Stoner, Ashley H Marx, Asher J Schranz

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Infective endocarditis due to

METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of adults treated for S-IE at 4 academic health systems in different US states from 2015 to 2021. Multivariable logistic regression analyzed the association of inpatient mortality with procedural management and combination antibiotic treatment.

RESULTS: A total of 159 cases of S-IE were identified with a qualitative overall increase across the period, and a peak in 2019, although trends varied by site. Seventy-five were due to IDU, 57% involved a single left-sided valve, and inpatient mortality was 21%. In adjusted analyses, including 117 cases from 3 sites, lower inpatient …

Security Vulnerabilities Of A Field Programmable Gate Array, Kylie Arnett

Shelby Hall Graduate Research Forum Posters

The primary goal of this research is to understand and exploit the security vulnerabilities of a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), at the bitstream level. This paper is working to successfully show that an FPGA can be altered via the bitstream file, and a Trojan can be inserted into the device. Once a Trojan is successfully inserted into the FPGA and activated through a certain input value, a Siamese Neural Network (SNN) will be used to test the effectiveness of Trojan detection. Followed by recording the successful flag rate to detect Trojans, which will be averaged to determine the accuracy …

Regulating Hidden Ai Authorship, Jacob Noti-Victor

Articles

With the rapid emergence of high-quality generative artificial intelligence (“AI”), some have advocated for mandatory disclosure when the technology is used to generate new text, images, or video. But the precise harms posed by nontransparent uses of generative AI have not been fully explored. While the use of the technology to produce material that masquerades as factual (“deepfakes”) is clearly deceptive, this Article focuses on a more ambiguous area: the consumer’s interest in knowing whether works of art or entertainment were created using generative AI. In the markets for creative content—fine art, books, movies, television, music, and the like—producers have …

Cognitive-Affective Intercultural Sensitivity (Cais): A Self-Transformative Conception And Its Methodological Challenges, Paraskevi Simou, Valentin El Sayed, Julien Teyssier, Patrick Denoux

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

In today's rapidly evolving global landscape, individuals are increasingly required to navigate diverse cultural interactions, prompting extensive research into intercultural competence. This paper examines the multifaceted concept of intercultural sensitivity, drawing from cross-cultural psychology, intercultural communication, and emerging intercultural psychology. Despite the lack of a universally accepted definition, previous studies have highlighted the importance of an affective component within intercultural competence which usually refers to intercultural sensitivity. While acknowledging the contributions and limitations of seminal models such as the Developmental Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS) and Chen's affective intercultural sensitivity model, we propose a novel conceptualization termed cognitive-affective intercultural sensitivity …

Development Of A Work Plan For The Mass Timber Installation Phase In The Gateway Decathlon, Eduardo Contreras

Construction Management

This project was the development of detailed work plan for the installation of mass timber components in the Gateway Decathlon project, which emphasizes sustainable construction practices aimed at reducing environmental impact. The work plan provides a step-by-step guide for the efficient and safe assembly of structural elements, covering the sequence of tasks, necessary materials and tools, safety procedures, and quality checks to ensure proper execution. By connecting theoretical design concepts with practical construction activities, the plan addresses various logistical challenges encountered during building phases. It highlights the advantages of using mass timber, such as reduced carbon emissions and reliance on …

A Practical Guide To Transcranial Ultrasonic Stimulation From The Ifcn-Endorsed Itrusst Consortium, Keith R. Murphy, Tulika Nandi, Benjamin Kop, Takahiro Osada, Maximilian Lueckel, W. Apoutou N'Djin, Kevin A. Caulfield, Anton Fomenko, Hartwig R. Siebner, Yoshikazu Ugawa, Lennart Verhagen, Sven Bestmann, Eleanor Martin, Kim Butts Pauly, Elsa Fouragnan, Til Ole Bergmann

School of Psychology

Low-intensity Transcranial Ultrasonic Stimulation (TUS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique enabling cortical and deep brain targeting with unprecedented spatial accuracy. Given the high rate of adoption by new users with varying levels of expertise and interdisciplinary backgrounds, practical guidelines are needed to ensure state-of-the-art TUS application and reproducible outcomes. Therefore, the International Transcranial Ultrasonic Stimulation Safety and Standards (ITRUSST) consortium has formed a subcommittee, endorsed by the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN), to develop recommendations for best practices in human TUS applications. The practical guide presented here provides a brief introduction into ultrasound physics and sonication parameters. It …

Relationship Between Stress Management And Decision Making: A Research On Pilots, Mert Dural, Aysun Dogan, Hulusi C. Sozen

Journal of Global Business Insights

Uncertainty and crisis create a stressful environment. Among these environments, airline pilots must cope with this stress and manage their workload at the same time. Therefore, it is crucial to understand and study the effect of stress factors on the decision-making process of airline pilots to prevent undesired and unsafe events during flight operations. In this context, the aim of this study is to reveal the relationship between decision-making behaviors and stress management of civil aviation pilots. The study was conducted using the quantitative data analysis method. The data obtained from 206 captains and first mates working in a private …

Sentencing Vulnerability: An Empirical Study Into The Role Of Personal Characteristics And The Foreseeable Experience Of Confinement At The Sentencing Of Older Adults, Adelina Iftene, Allison Hearns

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

This article presents and analyzes findings from a qualitative and quantitative review of reported Nova Scotia sentencing decisions (2013–2020) of aging individuals. The goal is twofold. First, by investigating the judicial discourse around personal characteristics at sentencing aging individuals, we specifically seek to understand where aging, and characteristics that interplay with aging, fit into current sentencing practices and the potential benefits and challenges of considering these factors. Secondly, and more generally, through the case study of older offenders, this article seeks to contribute to the largely theoretical scholarship that has engaged with the need for a methodical inclusion of a …

Are Descriptive Representatives More Successful Passing Group-Relevant Legislation? The Case Of Native American State Legislators, Elise Blasingame, Eric R. Hansen, Richard C. Witmer

Political Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Descriptive representatives often sponsor legislation that advances their groups’ policy interests, but it remains unclear how successful they are passing such legislation. Colleagues might defer and support group-relevant measures from descriptive representatives, perceiving them to have greater expertise and legitimate claims to address the issues than outgroup members. However, colleagues might also oppose those measures in an act of backlash against those groups (especially historically marginalized groups) making new claims on the political system. To answer the question of descriptive representative success, we review 3,401 pieces of legislation related to Native American issues introduced at the state level between 2010 …

Commercial Satellite Payload Trends, Alexander B. Krawietz

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines the evolving trends in commercial satellite payloads with an emphasis on mass, operating power, and project duration overall and across different payload types, serving as a benchmark for Department of Defense (DoD) leaders to compare against private industry advancements. Utilizing a comprehensive dataset of open-source commercial satellite data, this study identifies significant trends that could influence cost estimation, schedule estimation, and satellite design. The analysis not only highlights the technological progression over several decades but also provides a comparative insight into how the United States and China are positioned in their race for space dominance. Beyond detecting …

Material Classification With Spectropolarimetric Lidar, Alexander J. Watson

Theses and Dissertations

A method for characterizing unknown targets using a hyperspectral polarimetric light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system is presented. Light reflected from manmade objects tends to be more polarized than light reflected from objects in the natural world. As such, polarization measurements can be used in remote sensing applications to differentiate artificial and natural objects. Previous works have attempted to characterize objects through passive polarimetric imagery. Methods developed by Cain and Lemaster and Cunningham facilitate reconstruction of the Stokes Vector from returning light. Martin used multispectral polarimetry to classify targets when the angle of incidence (AOI) is close to 0º. Here, …