Digital Commons Network^™

The Status Of Nonstatus, Geoffrey Heeren

Articles

Millions of unauthorized immigrants in the United States have no legal immigration status and live in constant fear of deportation. There are millions more who do have some sort of status, like lawful permanent residency, asylum, or a nonimmigrant visa. In between is the netherworld of nonstatus. Here live noncitizens who possess government documentation but few rights. They have no pathway to lawful permanent residence or citizenship and cannot receive most public benefits. If nonstatus is denied or revoked by a prosecutor or bureaucrat, there is no right to a hearing or an appeal. If the Executive Branch discriminates in …

Civic Education, The Rule Of Law, And The Judiciary: A Republic, If You Can Keep It, Donald L. Burnett Jr.

Articles

No abstract provided.

Dodging The Taxman: Why The Treasury's Anti-Abuse Regulation Is Unconstitutional, Linda Jellum

Articles

To combat abusive tax shelters, the Department of the Treasury promulgated a general anti-abuse regulation applicable to all of subchapter K of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. The Treasury targeted subchapter K because unique aspects of the partnership tax laws-including its aggregate entity dichotomy-foster creative tax manipulation. In the anti-abuse regulation, the Treasury attempted to "codify" existing judicially-created anti-abuse doctrines, such as the business-purpose and economic-substance doctrines. Also, and more surprisingly, the Treasury directed those applying subchapter K to use a purposivist approach to interpretation and to reject textualism.

In this article, I demonstrate that the Treasury exceeded both …

Investigation Of Temperature Dependent Magnetic Hyperthermia In Fe3o4 Ferrofluids, Humeshkar Bhaskar Nemala

Wayne State University Dissertations

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of Fe3O4 and gamma-Fe2O3 have been exploited in the biomedical fields for imaging, targeted drug delivery and magnetic hyperthermia. Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT), the production of heat using ferrofluids, colloidal suspensions of MNPs, in an external AC magnetic field (amplitude, 100-500 Oe and frequency 50 kHz -1MHz), has been explored by many researchers, both in vitro and in vivo, as an alternative viable option to treat cancer. The heat energy generated by Néel and Brownian relaxation processes of the internal magnetic spins could be used to elevate local tissue temperature to about 46 ˚C to arrest cancerous growth. …

An Evaluation Of Wayne State University's Educational Evaluation And Research Program, Willie L. White Ii

Wayne State University Dissertations

This is a mixed-methods evaluation of the Educational Evaluation and Research program at Wayne State University. The process of evaluation involved determining the efficacy of triangulating qualitative and quantitative methods of evaluation in order to access the EER program's goal acquisition. The process of evaluation commenced with a qualitative method of interviewing faculty members and was triangulated quantitatively with a likert scale survey that was modified from Wayne State University's Student Evaluation of Teaching Survey (SETS). The Student Evaluation of the Educational Evaluation and Research Program (SEEERP) was designed to measure graduate students' perspectives of EER goals and objectives acquisition. …

Cardiolipin Regulates Mitophagy Through The Pkc Pathway, Zheni Shen

Wayne State University Dissertations

Cardiolipin (CL), the signature phospholipid of mitochondrial membranes, is important for cardiovascular health. Perturbation of CL metabolism is implicated in cardiovascular disease (CVD). The link between CL and CVD may be explained by the physiological roles of CL in pathways that are cardioprotective, such as autophagy/mitophagy and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. My dissertation work focuses on elucidating how CL influences mitophagy and MAPK pathways.

crd1Δ was synthetically lethal/sick with the general autophagy mutants atg8Δ, atg18Δ and mitophagy mutant atg32Δ, suggesting that autophagy/mitophagy may be deficient in cells lacking CL. Microscopic examination of mitophagy revealed decreased translocation of GFP-tagged …

Using Gatt-Trips To Improve Development Opportunities: A Proposal For Central America, Cecily Anne O’Regan, Patrick T. O’Regan

UC Law Science and Technology Journal

Given the geographic and natural resource advantages that countries in the Americas have which will likely shape the business and trade climate in the 21st century, accelerating the development process for developing countries in the region takes on new significance for all involved. This work assesses ways in which Central American countries can use compliance with GATT-TRIPs and TRIPs-plus bilateral agreements to promote their economic development. The first section describes current approaches to IP protection in Costa Rica and El Salvador. The final section goes on to propose regional strategies and legal changes, which are GATT-TRIPs compliant that could potentially …

Building Honors Community Through Honors Housing, Barry Falk

National Collegiate Honors Council Monographs: Chapters

A strong sense of honors community is a fundamentally important characteristic of a vibrant honors program or college. In fact, I am fond of saying that “community, community, community” are the three most important characteristics of a strong honors program. The idea of community does not appear, however, in the National Collegiate Honors Council’s “Basic Characteristics of a Fully Developed Honors College” or the “Basic Characteristics of a Fully Developed Honors Program.” Perhaps that absence is because this characteristic, regardless of how it is expressed, would be difficult to verify.

The Knowledge Tax, Michael Simkovic

University of Chicago Law Review

Government subsidies to higher education have recently become a hot-button political issue. But what if the federal government does not actually subsidize higher education, but taxes it? Labor economists struggle to explain why the rates of return to higher education have remained much higher than the rates of return to other investments. This Article proposes a novel explanation: distortionary taxation. Economic theory suggests that when investments that are substitutes for one another are taxed inconsistently, investors shun the investment option that is taxed more heavily. Unfavorable tax treatment of higher education could therefore create an undersupply of educated labor. This …

The Constitution, Desegregation, And Public Opinion: Swan V. Charlotte-Mechlenburg Board Of Education, James L. Hunt

Articles

The first three words of the preamble to the Constitution are "We the People." Yet the vast majority of constitutional scholarship is limited to the opinions of judges, lawyers, law professors, and other political and economic elites. This article takes a different approach to constitutional understanding. It describes the legal thoughts of the citizens for whom the Constitution exists. It does so through an analysis of the public's reaction to the federal court decisions in Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, a desegregation case. The lead attorney for the Swann plaintiffs was Julius LeVonne Chambers, an alumnus and future …

Annotated Bibliography Of Peer-Reviewed Literature Related To The Sexual And Reproductive Health Of Young People In Nigeria (2000-2014), Population Council

HIV and AIDS

The 1994 International Conference on Population and Development’s Programme of Action identified eight components (safe motherhood, gender equity, family planning information and services, prevention and treatment of infertility and sexual dysfunction in both men and women, prevention and management of the complications of abortion, prevention and treatment of reproductive tract infections and sexually transmitted infections including HIV, elimination of harmful customary practices, and screening for reproductive tract cancers—prostate, breast, and cervix) of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) for all persons including young people aged 10–24. This annotated bibliography is organized with the eight components as its guiding framework with several …

Use Of A Novel Assay To Measure Pre- To Posttraining Palpatory Skills Of First-Year Osteopathic Medical Students, Meredith S. Loh, Norman Gevitz, Wolfgang G. Gilliar, Lauren M. Iacono, Min Kyung Jung, Bhuma Krishnamachari, Kurt Amsler

All KCOM Faculty Publications

Context: Although palpation is a central skill in the practice of osteopathic medicine, few data are available on factors affecting the development of palpatory skills. Objective: To use a novel palpatory skills assay to assess the role of training and practice in the development of palpatory skills in an osteopathic medical student population. Methods: The palpatory skills of first-year osteopathic medical students were assessed using a simple, objective palpation assay that consisted of locating a dime placed under sheets of copy paper at depths of 50, 100, 150, 200, 300, and 400 sheets. Two trials were performed at each depth. …

No.47 An Order Transferring The Management And Operation Of The Retire Tennessee Program, As Well As Certain Responsibilities Related To The Adventure Tourism And Rural Development Act Of 2011, From The Department Of Economic And Community Development To The Department Of Tourist Development., Bill Haslam

Executive Orders

No abstract provided.

“A Witness First Lives The Life He Proposes:” Evangelization And The Catholic Lawyer, Lucia A. Silecchia

Scholarly Articles

This essay was presented at the lecture for legal professionals in Baltimore, Maryland, on May 21, 2015. The roots of the word evangelization are, literally, in the words that mean “to bring good news.” We live in a world that craves good news and, by virtue of our Baptism, all of us – lawyers included – are called to bring good news to a world that, despite all appearances to the contrary, aches for good news and deeply yearns to know the God from whom all good news comes, and to whom all good news leads. I am convinced that …

Investigating Biological Assumptions Through Radical Reimplementation, Joel Lehman, Kenneth O. Stanley

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

An important goal in both artificial life and biology is uncovering the most general principles underlying life, which might catalyze both our understanding of life and engineering lifelike machines. While many such general principles have been hypothesized, conclusively testing them is difficult because life on Earth provides only a singular example from which to infer. To circumvent this limitation, this article formalizes an approach called radical reimplementation. The idea is to investigate an abstract biological hypothesis by intentionally reimplementing its main principles to diverge maximally from existing natural examples. If the reimplementation successfully exhibits properties resembling biology, it may support …

Friedel Oscillations Responsible For Stacking Fault Of Adatoms: The Case Of Mg(0001) And Be(0001), Marisol Alcántara Ortigoza, Maral Aminpour, Talat S. Rahman

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

We perform a first-principles study of Mg adatom/adislands on the Mg(0001) surface, and Be adatom on Be(0001), to obtain further insight into the previously reported energetic preference of the fcc faulty stacking of Mg monomers on Mg(0001). We first provide a viewpoint on how Friedel oscillations influence ionic relaxation on these surfaces. Our three-dimensional charge-density analysis demonstrates that Friedel oscillations have maxima which are more spatially localized than what one-dimensional average density or two-dimensional cross-sectional plots could possibly inform: The well-known charge-density enhancement around the topmost surface layer of Mg(0001) is strongly localized at its fcc hollow sites. The charge …

Fast-Response Infrared Phase Modulator Based On Polymer Network Liquid Crystal, Fenglin Peng, Haiwei Chen, Suvagata Tripathi, Robert J. Twieg, Shin-Tson Wu

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

We report a high birefringence terphenyl liquid crystal mixture, designated as M3, for infrared phase modulation with special emphasis on mid-wave infrared (MWIR). In addition to high birefringence, M3 exhibits excellent UV stability, modest dielectric anisotropy, and a very broad nematic range. The high birefringence enables a thin cell gap to be used for achieving a 2 pi phase change while maintaining a high transmittance (T > 98%) in the MWIR region. To achieve fast response time, we employed a polymer network liquid crystal using M3 with 2 pi phase change at lambda= 4 mu m and 3.6-ms response time. This …

Dynamical Spin Injection At A Quasi-One-Dimensional Ferromagnet-Graphene Interface, S. Singh, A. Ahmadi, C. T. Cherian, E. R. Mucciolo, E. Del Barco, B. Özyilmaz

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

We present a study of dynamical spin injection from a three-dimensional ferromagnet into two-dimensional single-layer graphene. Comparative ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) studies of ferromagnet/graphene strips buried underneath the central line of a coplanar waveguide show that the FMR linewidth broadening is the largest when the graphene layer protrudes laterally away from the ferromagnetic strip, indicating that the spin current is injected into the graphene areas away from the area directly underneath the ferromagnet being excited. Our results confirm that the observed damping is indeed a signature of dynamical spin injection, wherein a pure spin current is pumped into the single-layer graphene …

Gene Expression Of Key Regulators Of Mitochondrial Biogenesis Is Sex Dependent In Mice With Growth Hormone Receptor Deletion In Liver, Ilona Zawada, Michal M. Masternak, Edward O. List, Michael B. Stout, Darlene E. Berryman, Andrzej Lewinski, John J. Kopchick, Andrzej Bartke, Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Mitochondrial biogenesis is an essential process for cell viability. Mice with disruption of the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene (Ghr gene) in the liver (LiGHRKO), in contrast to long-lived mice with global deletion of the Ghr gene (GHRKO), are characterized by lack of improved insulin sensitivity and severe hepatic steatosis. Tissue-specific disruption of the GHR in liver results in a mouse model with dramatically altered GH/IGF1 axis. We have previously shown increased levels of key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis in insulin-sensitive GHRKO mice. The aim of the present study is to assess, using real-time PCR, the gene expression of key …

Role Of Neuronal Nadph Oxidase 1 In The Peri-Infarct Regions After Stroke, Dong-Hee Choi, Ji-Hye Kim, Kyoung-Hee Lee, Hahn-Young Kim, Yoon-Seong Kim, Wahn Soo Choi, Jongmin Lee

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

The molecular mechanism underlying the selective vulnerability of neurons to oxidative damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remains unknown. We sought to determine the role of NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1) in cerebral I/R-induced brain injury and survival of newborn cells in the ischemic injured region. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 90 min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion. After reperfusion, infarction size, level of superoxide and 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-2dG), and Nox1 immunoreactivity were determined. RNAi-mediated knockdown of Nox1 was used to investigate the role of Nox1 in I/R-induced oxidative damage, neuronal death, motor function recovery, and ischemic neurogenesis. …

Prevalence Of Tobacco Use Among Women: A Cross Sectional Survey From A Squatter Settlement Of Karachi, Pakistan, Nousheen Iqbal, Muhammad Irfan, Nida Ashraf, Safia Awan, Javaid A. Khan

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

Background: While the prevalence of tobacco use has been slowly declining in the developed countries, rates have been steadily rising in the developing countries. This has led to a rapid rise in tobacco related lung diseases among women.

Objective: Determine the prevalence of tobacco use (both smoking and smokeless) among women in an urban squatter settlement (Orangi Town) in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 19,325 females aged between 15 and 80 years in Orangi Town, an urban squatter settlement in Karachi, Pakistan. Modified questionnaire, developed by World Health Organization WHO and Global Adult …

Juvenile Sentencing Post-Miller: Preventive And Corrective Measures, Cara H. Drinan

Scholarly Articles

At the end of the twentieth century, the United States was an international outlier in the severity of its juvenile sentencing practices despite having invented the juvenile court model one century earlier. Today, juvenile sentencing reform is underway, particularly in the wake of recent Supreme Court decisions that have cabined the states’ capacity to impose extreme sentences on juveniles. In this Article, I propose two additional reform measures that would help to rationalize the sentences imposed on children in the American criminal justice system—one on the front end of the system and one on the back end. In particular, on …

Copyright And Free Expression In China’S Film Industry, Eric Priest

Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal

This Article analyzes whether copyright, which creates private rights in original expression and is therefore a legal tool for restricting the dissemination of information, exacerbates or undercuts state censorship in China’s film industry. Recent scholarship suggests that copyright law reinforces China’s oppressive censorship regime because both copyright and state censorship erect legal barriers around expressive works. The theory that copyright enhances censorship in China, however, overlooks the immense tension between state attempts at information control and market-supported information production made possible by copyright. This Article demonstrates that the Chinese government does not wield unchecked, top-down control over China’s film industry …

Testing The Court: Decision Making Under The Microscope, Nancy Scherer

Tulsa Law Review

Reviewing Ryan C. Black, Tim R. Johnson, and Justin Wedeking, Oral Arguments and Coalition Formation on the Supreme Court; Ryan C. Black, Ryan J. Owens, The Solicitor General and the United States Supreme Court: Executive Branch Influence and Judicial Decisions; and Pamela C. Corley, Amy Steigerwalt, and Artemus Ward, The Puzzle of Unanimity: Consensus on the United States Supreme Court.

Biomimetic Oral Mucin From Polymer Micelle Networks, Sundar Prasanth Authimoolam

Theses and Dissertations--Chemical and Materials Engineering

Mucin networks are formed by the complexation of bottlebrush-like mucin glycoprotein with other small molecule glycoproteins. These glycoproteins create nanoscale strands that then arrange into a nanoporous mesh. These networks play an important role in ensuring surface hydration, lubricity and barrier protection. In order to understand the functional behavior in mucin networks, it is important to decouple their chemical and physical effects responsible for generating the fundamental property-function relationship. To achieve this goal, we propose to develop a synthetic biomimetic mucin using a layer-by-layer (LBL) deposition approach. In this work, a hierarchical 3-dimensional structures resembling natural mucin networks was generated …

Investigating The Influence Of Chd1 On Gene Expression In Drosophila Melanogaster Using Position Effect Variegation, Phuongngan Thi Bui

Scripps Senior Theses

Position Effect Variegation (PEV) is the mosaic expression of a gene that has been moved out of its optimal environment and into a different area on the chromosome. Changing a gene’s environment may have profound effects on its eligibility for proper expression, which is a complicated process regulated by many factors. The PEV phenomenon is used as an assay to study gene expression as regulated by chromatin structure. In this study, the Drosophila melanogaster white gene was used as a reporter to study the various effects of CHD1, a chromatin regulating factor, on PEV gene expression. Inspired by preliminary data …

Childhood Maltreatment And Its Impact On Executive Skills Within An Inpatient Setting, Jennifer Ann Dupont Frechette

Open Access Dissertations

Previous research has shown that child maltreatment can negatively impact brain development and neurocognitive systems for children, adolescents, and adults. However there are no published studies that have sought to understand the role of child maltreatment with psychiatrically hospitalized children. Psychiatrically hospitalized children are considered a high-risk population due to increased suicidality, internalizing disorders, and lower cognitive functioning. The current study examined a hierarchical and cumulative model of maltreatment with inpatient children (ages 6-14 years old) who had been maltreated (n=111) to understand its impact on executive functioning skills, compared with a psychiatric outpatient sample (n=166). …

Bringing The World Inside: British Modernism And Taste – Gustatory, Social, And Aesthetic, Michael David Becker

Open Access Dissertations

As nineteenth-century scientific and industrial developments in food processing were increasingly applied on larger scales, and to a greater diversity of food items, modernity made its mark on the early twentieth-century consumer’s daily foods. In addition to industrial and scientific developments, World War I and World War II brought significant changes to food production, distribution, and consumption as populations suddenly worried about the availability, allocation, and quality of food items. Early twentieth-century novels demonstrate a preoccupation with the newly modernized and altered foods and explore how food behaviors and tastes change during the period.

This project examines literary representations of …

Keeping Track Of Conservation, Jessica Owley

Articles

Throughout the world, governments require land protection in exchange for development permits. Unfortunately, oftentimes scant attention has been paid to these land protection programs after development. Agencies and permit applicants agree on mitigation rules, but there appears to be little follow-up. When we do not know where conservation is occurring and cannot determine the rules of mitigation projects, the likelihood that they will be successful or enforced diminishes. I journeyed to California in search of answers by tracing four mitigation plans associated with the Federal Endangered Species Act. While I anticipated some difficulties, the tale is more alarming than expected. …

The Role Of Non-Governmental Organizations In Advancing International Criminal Justice, Charles C. Jalloh

Articles

This article examines the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in advancing international criminal justice. I argue that NGOs have had considerable impact by contributing, among other things, to the global struggle against impunity through advocacy for the creation of more robust institutional mechanisms to prosecute those who perpetrate such crimes. This ranges from supporting the processes that led to the creation of several ad hoc international tribunals for Yugoslavia, Rwanda and Sierra Leone, all the way through to their support for the establishment of an independent permanent international penal court based in The Hague. The crux of my claim is …