Digital Commons Network^™

Michael Romano V. Warden

2026 Decisions

USDC for the District of New Jersey

Myron Crisdon V. North Gate Ii

2026 Decisions

USDC for the District of New Jersey

Dietary Hermetia Illucens Larvae Meal Enhances Growth Performance, Intestinal Health And Modulates Intestinal Microbiota Of Juvenile Mirror Carp (Cyprinus Carpio), Sahya Maulu, Ben Eynon, Glenn Harper, Owen Day, Leona Emenike, Mark Rawling, Daniel Merrifield

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

As global aquaculture expands, sustainable alternative feed ingredients are needed to reduce reliance on fishmeal (FM) and conventional plant proteins. Herein, this study evaluated defatted black soldier fly (BSF; Hermetia illucens) larvae meal as a replacement mainly for soybean meal (SBM) and soy protein concentrate (SPC) in juvenile mirror carp diets. Fish (initial weight: 7.28 ± 0.09 g) were reared in a recirculating aquaculture system and fed for 8 weeks on either a control diet or diets containing 20% (BSF20) or 40% (BSF40) BSF meal. After the trial, growth performance was significantly improved in BSF-fed groups, with higher final weight, …

Aligning Artificial Intelligence To The Law, Jack Boeglin

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Protecting Dependent Children In Bankruptcy, Michael D. Sousa, L. Alexis Whitley Esq.

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Lessons From Eugenics: Safeguarding Autonomy In Procreation, Claire Bass

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Obesity And Keratoconus: A Mediation Study Based On The Chinese Keratoconus Cohort, Kaili Yang, Anqi Chang, Runqi Tu, Liyan Xu, Yuwei Gu, Qi Fan, Shanshan Yin, Yi Yuan, Yifan Wang, Chenchen Yin, Yonghao Zang, Changxiu Li, Chenjiu Pang, Daniela Oehring, Yibin Hao, Shengwei Ren

School of Health Professions

Purpose: Growing evidence indicates a strong association between obesity and keratoconus (KC), although the potential mediating factors remain largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the potential pathways through which corneal biomechanical and topographic parameters might link obesity and KC using structural equation modeling (SEM). Methods: This case-control study included 759 participants (363 patients with KC and 396 controls) from the Chinese Keratoconus (CKC) Cohort Study. Associations among body mass index (BMI), corneal biomechanical parameters, topographic parameters, and KC were analyzed using generalized linear regression models. SEM was used to construct latent variables for corneal biomechanical and topographic parameters. Three …

Vermonters Pessimistic About Iran Conflict, Believe Starting It Was Wrong Decision 6/29/2026, Unh Survey Center

All UNH Survey Center Polls

Three-quarters of Vermonters say the decision by the United States to start the conflict with Iran was wrong, only one in ten expect the two countries to reach a full agreement to end the conflict, and most oppose restarting military operations against Iran if no deal is reached on their nuclear program. President Trump's overall job approval in the state remains low, and only a quarter believe the country is on the right track.

Trump Job Approval Remains Low In Rhode Island Amid Discontent With Iran Conflict 6/29/2026, Unh Survey Center

All UNH Survey Center Polls

Nearly two-thirds of Rhode Islanders disapprove of President Trump's job performance and handling of foreign policy. Only three in ten Rhode Islanders believe it was the right decision for the U.S. to attack Iran and most do not expect the two countries will reach a full peace agreement in sixty days to resolve outstanding issues. A majority oppose restarting military operations if no deal is made regarding Iran's nuclear program.

Most In Massachusetts Say Starting Iran Conflict Was Wrong Decision, Approval Of Trump Remains Low 6/29/2026, Unh Survey Center

All UNH Survey Center Polls

Seven in ten Massachusetts residents say the U.S. made the wrong decision to attack Iran, in the wake of an announcement of a memorandum of understanding to halt the conflict. Most Bay Staters doubt the two countries will reach an agreement to end the conflict and most oppose restarting military operations against Iran if no deal is reached on their nuclear program. President Trump's overall job approval remains low in the state and only a quarter believe the country is on the right track.

Lived Experiences Involving Body Dysmorphia In African American Women Who Actively Use Social Media, Janee Martin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

Recent Developments, Steven H. Jacobs

Arkansas Law Review

Recent Developments in Arkansas Law

Anchoring’S Absurd Influence On Judging, Jeffrey J. Rachlinski, Andrew J. Wistrich

Arkansas Law Review

Society demands much from its judges. Notably, judges should never be illogical or inconsistent. The heart of what we expect of a judge is to apply the law to the facts in a logical and consistent way. The human mind, however, is not a giant syllogistic machine. People are obviously capable of using deductive logic, but decades of research on judgment and choice indicate that commonly used cognitive strategies to make decisions do not conform to the dictates of deductive logic. People rely on mental shortcuts, rather than logic. These shortcuts can be efficient and useful, but they do not …

A New Prescription: Arkansas Law On Pharmacy Benefit Managers, Emilee Webb

Arkansas Law Review

Seven thousand pharmacies have closed throughout the United States since 2019. This number includes both local pharmacies and larger chains. The effect of both types of closures, though, is the same—pharmacy deserts. A pharmacy desert can occur in all types of areas; it simply means that consumers lack “reasonable access” to a pharmacy. The usual standard is a pharmacy located more than one mile away in urban areas, two miles away in suburban areas, and ten miles away in rural areas. However, an objective mile range is not always dispositive of a pharmacy desert. Even if a pharmacy is located …

Judicial Rhetoric: Writing Persuasive Opinions, Gerald Lebovits

Arkansas Law Review

In 1947, Judge George Rose Smith denounced, in the Arkansas Law Review, the “dearth of material concerning the mechanics of writing a judicial opinion” as a “striking omission in legal literature.” He was right.

The lack of attention given to the judicial opinion-writing process back then was hard to justify. Judges spend much of their time writing decisions. Decisions are important. They determine rights and responsibilities, as well as resolve controversies. Scholars have written about every aspect of judging and legal issue—except one of the most important ones: how to decide a case and justify the decision. Judicial opinions set …

Promoting A Rhetoric Of Judicial Legitimacy In Pro Se Litigation, Alistair E. Newbern

Arkansas Law Review

In recent months, headline after headline has decried twin threats to the federal judiciary: declining public trust in the courts and escalating threats to judges’ personal safety. The public’s opinion of the Supreme Court reached “close to a three decade low” in 2025, while Americans’ confidence in the federal judiciary as a whole “dropped to a record-low 35% in 2024.”

In his 2024 Year End Report on the Federal Judiciary, Chief Justice John Roberts identified a recent uptick in four areas of “illegitimate activity” that “threaten the independence of judges on which the rule of law depends: (1) violence, (2) …

Intellectual Humility By Design: How Courts Earn Legitimacy And Improve Decisions, Steve Leben

Arkansas Law Review

Courts decide disputes as one branch of our government. Their authority depends not only on getting the outcome right but also on public acceptance of their authority. In a time when confidence in institutions is under pressure, courts cannot assume that legitimacy will take care of itself. They must earn it—case by case—through both the substance of what they decide and the way they exercise authority in public view.

A large body of procedural-justice research explains one side of that equation. People are more willing to accept court decisions, even unfavorable ones, when the process communicates voice, neutrality, respect, and …

The Rise Of Options Contracts In Sports, The Post-Murphy Regulatory Conundrum, And Implications On Federalism, Scott Barboza

UNH Sports Law Review

The Supreme Court’s decision in Murphy v. N.C.A.A. dismantled the federal prohibition on state-authorized sports betting and returned its primary regulatory authority over to the states. Following Murphy, states adopted widely varying sports-betting regimes. At the same time, advances in financial technology and the growing popularity of prediction markets created a new form of event-based speculation operating outside the traditional sportsbook model. Platforms such as Kalshi began offering “yes-no” contracts tied to sporting outcomes through federally regulated exchanges overseen by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, framing such products not as wagers, but as financial derivatives governed by the Commodity Exchange …

New Playbook: How The Modern College Sports Legal Landscape Shapes The Women Athlete Experience And Future, Hannah Martin

UNH Sports Law Review

This Article examines how the emergence of Name, Image, and Likeness (“NIL”) rights and the approval of the House settlement have transformed the experience and future of women college athletes. For the first time in modern college athletics, athletes are permitted to profit from their personal brands through endorsements, sponsorships, social media promotions, and institutional revenue-sharing opportunities. These developments have created unprecedented visibility and economic opportunity for women athletes, particularly in sports such as basketball, gymnastics, and volleyball, where athletes have demonstrated significant commercial value and audience engagement. At the same time, the rapid commercialization of college sports has introduced …

Doing Away With The Ncaa’S Duration Of Eligibility Rules, Michael Lewis

UNH Sports Law Review

The NCAA imposes durational eligibility limits restricting a student athlete’s eligibility to compete in college sports. Under NCAA rules, an athlete is granted four-seasons of competition in any single sport and no more than five-years of eligibility commencing at matriculation. These rules have come under increasing scrutiny in federal court, as the law acknowledges commercial realities. In numerous cases, federal district courts have enjoined their enforcement against Division I football players under the Sherman Act. On the eve of the Final Four, 2026, the White House weighed in, expressing support for durational limits, and arguing (without support) that imposing limits …

Immigration Law Meets College Athlete Pay: How U.S. Immigration Law Excludes International College Athletes From The Compensation Revolution, Jeff Justiz

UNH Sports Law Review

When the House v. NCAA settlement authorized up to $20.5 million in annual direct revenue-sharing payments to college athletes, it resolved one century-old injustice and quietly created another. For the approximately 15,000 international student-athletes competing on F-1 visas, the same payments that enrich their domestic teammates may constitute unauthorized employment under federal immigration law, threatening deportation and visa revocation. This Note argues that the House settlement has exposed a structural collision between NCAA compensation policy and F-1 immigration doctrine that existing visa categories – the P-1A, the O-1, and various permanent-residency pathways – are individually incapable of resolving. Using Poa …

Editor's Foreword, Isabelle Silva

UNH Sports Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Independence Of Supervisory Authorities: A Comparative Analysis Of Morocco's Law 09-08 And The European General Data Protection Regulation, Zakariyae Hamdani, Karim Seffar

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

The effectiveness of personal data protection presupposes the establishment of supervisory authorities endowed with substantial independence, guarantors of fundamental rights and capable of preventing the risks inherent in data processing. However, the comparison between the European GDPR and Moroccan Law No. 09-08 reveals a manifest institutional asymmetry. Indeed, European authorities operate within a substantially more comprehensive normative framework, characterised by enshrined autonomy, extended prerogatives and enhanced operational efficiency. Conversely, the Moroccan CNDP remains afflicted by structural deficiencies: institutional dependence, lack of coercive powers and budgetary insufficiency. Consequently, this comparative investigation aims to identify the cardinal principles likely to inform a …

Deepfake: A Practice On The Edge Of Legality, Bouthaïna Aaziz

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

Deepfakes – hyperrealistic videos manipulated using deep learning algorithms – raise significant legal challenges touching on human rights and legal governance. A deepfake usurps the identity of its victim to exploit their credibility and reputation. This article examines the applicable legal framework, first identifying pre-existing rules from Moroccan law (civil liability, personal data protection under Law No. 09-08, criminal provisions of the Penal Code and Press Law No. 88-13) that can be applied to deepfakes, and then advocating for the adoption of an adapted legal framework. The author distinguishes between creative deepfakes (requiring informed consent) and manipulative deepfakes (requiring criminal …

Requalification Of Employment Relations On Digital Platforms – Commentary On The Ruling Of The Social Chamber Of The French Court Of Cassation Of 4 March 2020, Appeal No. 19-13.316, Abdelhadi Al Hantali El Idrissi

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

Despite the efforts made by legislators to facilitate the task of qualifying the employment contract for judges, the judge's role in this qualification process remains primordial, as they face hybrid and increasingly complex situations that may fall into several contradictory contractual categories not anticipated by the law. This article examines a landmark ruling by the Social Chamber of the French Court of Cassation of 4 March 2020 (Appeal No. 19-13.316), in which the Court confirmed the requalification of a partnership contract between an Uber driver and the company into an employment contract. The analysis is structured around three complementary phases: …

The Legal Challenges Of Blockchain In Relation To The Legal Professions, Hind Tak-Tak, Hanane Jalal

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

Blockchain technology was initially conceived as a disintermediation tool based on algorithmic trust, aiming to challenge the traditional role of trusted third parties in legal and economic relationships. By relying on distributed, immutable, and transparent ledgers, blockchain claims to offer an alternative to centralized institutions, particularly in the fields of evidence, contracts, and authentication. However, a legal analysis demonstrates that this promise of disintermediation remains largely relative. While blockchain enables technical certification of data and the automated execution of obligations through smart contracts, it does not ensure valid contract formation, effective protection of the weaker party, or compliance with the …

Gender Perspective(S): Lessons From International Human Rights Law To Defend Against Pregnancy Related Prosecutions, Megan Osadzinski

Northwestern Journal of Human Rights

The criminalization of pregnancy outcomes—such as miscarriages, abortion, obstetric emergencies, and stillbirth—is a violation of fundamental human rights guarantees; including the right to a fair trial when read in conjunction with the right to equality and the right to health. This article outlines state obligations under international human rights law toward women charged in pregnancy prosecutions, translating them into national criminal defense strategies using a gender perspective. Using intersectional theory, this article calls for the use of a gender perspective to challenge such prosecutions as unlawful gender-based discrimination and a gendered violation of due process, using the case study of …

Comparative Analysis Of Freedom Of Thought, Conscience, And Religion In India, Pakistan, And Bangladesh, Abhishek Chakrabarti

Northwestern Journal of Human Rights

The freedom of thought, conscience, and religion is a fundamental human right enshrined in Article 18 of The Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR). However, religious minorities in South Asia are often deprived of this fundamental right. Muslims in India, Ahmadiyyas, Hindus, and Christians in Pakistan, and Hindus in Bangladesh face challenges including educational marginalization, economic and political marginalization, and social stigma in the society. The Note presents a comparative analysis of the freedom of thought, conscience, and religion across the three most populous countries in South Asia–India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh–that also share a long cultural, linguistic, and religious history. …

Character Education Across School Contexts: A Qualitative Study Of High- And Regular-Performing Schools In Indonesia, Heri Retnawati, Zurqoni Zurqoni, Mukhamad Ilyasin, Hasan Djidu, Kartianom Kartianom, Ezi Apino

The Qualitative Report

This qualitative study explores how character education is understood, organized, and enacted across two types of junior high schools in Indonesia: High-Performing Schools (HPS) and Regular-Performing Schools (RPS). Using semi-structured interviews with school leaders, teachers, parents, students, and school committee members from nine schools across three provinces, we examined how institutional conditions and relational practices shape the implementation of character education. Analysis generated four themes: variation in program management approaches, differences in implementation structures and stakeholder involvement, school inputs shaping program capacity, and community perceptions of character education outcomes. Findings show that HPS tend to institutionalize character education through structured …

Thinking Silence Otherwise: Toward A “Research Other” In Qualitative Research, Rosa Vázquez Recio

The Qualitative Report

Why ask about silence when it comes to research? This paper explores and analyzes how silence, unlike words and verbal expression, has received little attention in the data production process. Despite its different manifestations and meanings in social interactions and knowledge production, silence tends to be overlooked, ignored, or silenced. We focus on analyzing how we relate silence to evidence-based research to describe the “non-places” of silence in qualitative research, addressing controversies and issues. We propose a “research other,” grounded in decolonial approaches and Southern and feminist epistemologies, to argue for the inclusion of silence in the research process. …