Digital Commons Network^™

Collective Dominance Under Scrutiny: Closing The Enforcement Gap Or Complicating Eu Competition Policy?, Miroslava Marinova

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

This paper examines the European Commission’s Draft Guidelines on Article 102 TFEU, focusing on their treatment of collective dominance in oligopolistic markets. While the Guidelines adopt a structured framework derived from merger control, they fail to address a key challenge specific to Article 102: the need for clear evidentiary standards in retrospective enforcement. The paper argues that parallel conduct by independent firms can, in certain cases, serve as evidence of collective dominance where such behaviour is not rational absent joint market power. However, the Draft Guidelines offer little guidance on how to integrate such conduct into the dominance analysis. This …

Proceedings Of The Ursinus Colloquium On Liberal Education: Liberal Arts On Offense, Stephanie Mackler, Allison E. Carey, Matt Kozusko, Mark Schneider

Ursinus Colloquium on Liberal Education

About • Liberal Arts on Offense: Introductory Remarks • Questions Posed to the Alumni Panel • Panel Remarks from Session One: Offensive Liberal Arts • List of Participants

Prevalence And Distribution Of Neonatal Congenital Malformations In Al-Najaf, Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of 2022 Birth Registry Data, Sahar Hassan

Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science

Background: Congenital malformations are among the primary causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, imposing significant challenges in regions with limited healthcare resources and high birth rates.

Objectives: The goal of this study is to find out how common and spread-out congenital malformations are among newborns in Al-Najaf, Iraq. The results could have a big effect on how healthcare is provided and improve the health of newborns.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study analyzed birth registry data from five major hospitals in Al-Najaf, Iraq, in 2022. We identified neonates diagnosed with congenital malformations from a total cohort of 37,904 live births. …

A Few Millimeters Of Bone: How Male Supremacists Leverage Scientific Sexism To Reinforce Misogynistic Ideologies, Robin O'Hanlon

Publications and Research

In recent years, male supremacist actors have reinforced their misogynistic worldviews by using narrative strategies centered on authoritative “common sense” and scientific “fact.” This paper presents a thematic narrative analysis of The Incel Wiki and the Wiki4Men, representing the first formal analysis of the wiki for the men’s rights organization A Voice for Men. The analysis indicates male supremacists use techniques including misappropriation of scientific information, manipulation of statistics, and leveraging pseudoscientific information to develop their narrative strategies of supremacy. The most consistent narrative strategies of scientific sexism on the wikis are male victimhood, denial of inequality between men and …

Comparison Of Authentic Urine N-Ethylpentedrone Metabolites To Predicted In Silico And In Vitro Human Hepatocyte Metabolism, Gloria Daziani, Omayema Taoussi, Diletta Berardinelli, Giulia Bambagiotti, Marilyn A. Huestis, Francesco P. Busardò, Jeremy Carlier

Institute of Emerging Health Professions Faculty Papers

Synthetic cathinones are the second most common class of substances belonging to the category of new psychoactive substances (NPS). N-ethylpentedrone (NEPD) self-administration was reported, making it important to elucidate its metabolic pathway to improve its detection. NEPD is often taken together with other substances; confidently identifying its intake is important for accurate toxicological analysis and understanding its toxicity. NEPD metabolism was studied following incubation with human hepatocytes and analysis by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry paired with Compound Discoverer software (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Prediction of possible metabolites was performed with the online software GLORYx. In vivo NEPD metabolism was evaluated by …

Growth Plate Skeletal Stem Cells And Their Actions Within The Stem Cell Niche, Natalie Kiat-Amnuay Cheng, Shion Orikasa, Noriaki Ono

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The growth plate is a specialized cartilage structure near the ends of long bones that orchestrates longitudinal bone growth during fetal and postnatal stages. Within this region reside a dynamic population of growth plate skeletal stem cells (gpSSCs), primarily located in the resting zone, which possess self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacity. Recent advances in cell-lineage tracing, single-cell transcriptomics, and in vivo functional studies have revealed distinct subpopulations of gpSSCs, which are defined by markers such as parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), CD73, axis inhibition protein 2 (Axin2), forkhead box protein A2 (FoxA2), and apolipoprotein E (ApoE). These stem cells interact intricately …

A Not-Quite-Assessment Of Assessing Autoethnography: Ekphrastic Compositions On Quality, Clarity, And (Un)Certainty In Autoethnography, Aaron Hoy

The Qualitative Report

Taking an ekphrastic approach, this essay responds to and reflects on my reading of Assessing Autoethnography: Notes on Analysis, Evaluation, and Craft by Andrew F. Herrmann and Tony E. Adams. It has three parts. First, I summarize the book’s central chapters and discuss their practical uses, especially as prompts for in-progress autoethnographies. Second, using clarity as a point of entry, I explore a tension I felt while reading the book—between the comforting utility of specific criteria and the marginalizing power of criteria themselves. Finally, I share a found poem composed in response to the book and reflect on the impermanent …

The Synergy Between Sfrc And Structural Steel In Increasing The Ductility Of Composite Structures, Gonzalo Ruiz, Ángel De La Rosa, Vaibhav W. Masih, Riccardo Zanon

C3 Symposium 2025

Our research on the compressive behavior of steel-fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) led to a constitutive model in Annex L ofthe new Eurocode 2. This recognition piqued the interest of ArcelorMittal, who requested that we explore the implications of increased compression ductility for composite structures, particularly beams with embedded structural steel sections. The findings from this research demonstrate that the compressive ductility of SFRC enables us to fully utilize the tensile capacity of structural steel in composite structures, resulting in unprecedented levels of structural ductility.

Efficiency Of Microstructural Reinforcement For Concrete In Tension, Barzin Mobasher

C3 Symposium 2025

While fiber reinforcement in concrete has been used for more than 60+ years, the adoption of enhanced tensile properties using secondary reinforcement to focus on serviceability and efficiency are still under development. The key role of various fiber reinforcement systems is to improve the design efficiency in concrete. A better understanding of such alternative reinforcement strategies in the development hybrid reinforcing systems such as Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC), Textile reinforced concrete (TRC), and hybrid applications are needed. Our research activity focuses on an overview of test developments with closed loop control tension, flexure, high-speed, impact, fatigue, full-structural scale, and creep tests. …

Concrete Material Bank In Japan Toward Co2 Recycling, Masaki Tamura, Takafumi Noguchi

C3 Symposium 2025

Providing excellent performance as a structural material, concrete has long been essential for modern civilization and recognized as a material that will continue to maintain and support the development of human society. Now that recycling of concrete in a completely closed loop has become technically feasible, concrete is being seen in a new light. On the other hands, the huge issues regarding carbon dioxide emissions all of the world are a concern in the construction field as well as in society. To solve this problem, a concept for new Calcium Carbonate Concrete (CCC) is proposed. This paper is focused on …

Mechanics Of Fracture In Layered Architected Materials, Reza Moini, Aimane Najmeddine, Shashank Gupta

C3 Symposium 2025

This talk asks the role of mechanics of materials, particularly fracture mechanics in design and engineering civil infrastructure materials. Concrete, a quasi-brittle material is the backbone of the civil infrastructure. Decades of research on engineering and fracture mechanics of concrete led by the hundreds of pioneering works of great scholars, have helped us understand mechanism of crack initiation and propagation in heterogeneous materials. However, there remain a significant need to continue understand mechanics of damage in conventional and novel heterogeneous infrastructure materials. Growth in automation and robotics (e.g., 3D-printing), innovative cementitious composite materials (e.g., architected material), and numerical frameworks (e.g., …

Building Better, For Longer, With Less: A “Holistic” Approach To Material And Structural Concept And Design With Advanced Cement Based Materials, Liberato Ferrara

C3 Symposium 2025

The paper presents, as the summary of a more than a decade long research performed by the author’s research group, an approach which combines, in a holistic life cycle thinking framework, higher and longer lasting material performance with enhanced structural functionality. The signature high resilience material concept also features the possibility of engineering the structural performance over time through its self-healing capacity, i.e. the ability of the material to self-repair cracks without external intervention but thanks to its suitably designed composition. Concretes are no longer regarded as providers of passive protection, whose degradation over time has to be delayed as …

Carbonated Industrial Waste By Co2 Mineralization As New Constituent For Cements, Maria Chiara Bignozzi, Alessia Artale, Alessandro Allegri, Stefania Albonetti, Alessandro Dal Pozzo, Valentina Scognamiglio, Alberto Renato De Angelis, Roberto Millini

C3 Symposium 2025

Carbonation of industrial waste by CO2 mineralization is a carbon capture solution that offers a way to reduce CO₂ emissions and improve waste management. In this study, carbonated waste from the ceramic industry is used in cementitious binders, reducing the carbon footprint of cement production. Mortars prepared with these binders have been tested for strength and physical properties. Preliminary results show that all formulations meet EN 197-1:2011 strength requirements, demonstrating that the carbonated product can reduce clinker content in cementitious binders without compromising their performances.

X-Ray Microcalorimeter Observations Of High-Mass X-Ray Binaries With The Resolve Instrument Onboard Xrism, Pragati Pradhan, Masahiro Tsujimoto

Publications

The X-ray Imaging and Spectrometer Mission (XRISM) was put into orbit successfully in September 2023. Resolve, one of the scientific instruments onboard XRISM, hosts an X-ray spectrometer based on X-ray microcalorimetery technology. It excels in high spectral resolution, a large throughput, a large bandpass, low background, and good timing accuracy. These properties are suited to bring new insights especially in high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXB). We describe these unique features of Resolve and present initial highlights of two HMXB sources.

The First Sale Doctrine For The Digital Age, Ethan Thomas

Georgia Journal of Law & Technology

For well over a century consumers have long enjoyed the ability to resell, gift, lend, or otherwise transfer their legally purchased copyrighted media. First established in common law and later codified into the Copyright Act of 1976 the first sale doctrine granted the right of transfer to consumers. In 2013, a district court held that the first sale doctrine does not let consumers transfer digital media through file sharing. Instead, a consumer must sell the object the media was downloaded onto. This decision effectively gutted the first sale doctrine’s application to digital media. Further reducing the reach of the first …

Rectifying The Disconnect Between The Policy Of The Doctrine Of Equivalents And Practice, Ian Moore

Georgia Journal of Law & Technology

The doctrine of equivalents began as a measure to protect inventors from unscrupulous copiers who would make substitutions to avoid liability under literal infringement claims. Prosecution history estoppel was established as a guardrail to the doctrine, as a method of bringing some certainty to the scope of patent claims. However, in the Supreme Court’s zeal to contain the doctrine, they over-curbed its efficacy.

In cases that hinged on the doctrine of equivalents, patentees were only successful 21% of the time in district court, and 22% of the time in the federal circuit. A much lower success rate compared to the …

You Can’T Handle The Obvious: Lkq And Testing For Nonobviousness In Design Patents, Frank Easterlin

Georgia Journal of Law & Technology

This Note traces the change from the rigid Rosen-Durling test for obviousness in design patents, to the Graham analysis in light of KSR v. Teleflex. The history of obviousness inquiries supported a more flexible approach and thus made Rosen-Durling unsupportable as anomalous. However, in abandoning a functional, if stiff, test for obviousness, the Federal Circuit both clarifies and clutters the law around obviousness. This Note follows that change, makes sense of what it can, and humorously criticizes the ambiguities and circularity of the court’s opinion. Ultimately, the new test opens up design patents to a wider array of attacks. This …

Paws Off My Image: Why Rights Of Publicity Should Be Expanded, Lauren Didelot

Georgia Journal of Law & Technology

In our increasingly digital world, exposure to fame and fortune has become more accessible than ever, and many pet owners have taken advantage of this. The rise of “petfluencers” has called into question the extent of available rights of these celebrity animals’ owners to protect and maintain their pet’s commercial value, thus preventing instances of unfair enrichment from other’s exploitation of their beloved animals. This Note argues for the acceptance of an animal’s right of publicity. We begin with an exploration of the right of publicity itself and its current applications. Next, we will discuss the intellectual property rights currently …

A Method And A System For Predicting E-Commerce Consumer Return Risks And Behavior Analysis, Ishika Ahuja, Hema Lakshmi K M, Kireeti Kesavamurthy, Bhuvanjeet Singh Gandhi

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a system and method for managing e-commerce return and refund risks by utilizing a comprehensive data aggregation module that collects information metrics from multiple e-commerce platforms using a unique identifier. The user's purchase profile is generated through a user profiling component leveraging Visa ID to link all active identification identifiers. A risk assessment engine computes various risk indicators based on historical purchasing behaviors, including sales-to-refund ratios and fraud signals. Furthermore, the system includes a dashboard interface that presents comparative metrics, allowing merchants to analyze consumer behavior against a broader consumer base. This structured approach facilitates …

A New Interpretation Of The Methodology Of Poetry Criticism In Treatise On Poetry From The Chu Bamboo Slips In The Shanghai Museum, Jie Wang

Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

Scholars generally agree that Treatise on Poetry from the Chu Bamboo Slips in Shanghai Museum discusses poetry in terms of emotion and regulates emotion with ritual. However, this interpretation lacks comprehensiveness and a systematic approach, as emotion and ritual only constitute part of its framework. Upon integrating all bamboo slip texts, it becomes evident that Treatise on Poetry centers on the concept of “resentment”, sequentially critiquing “Lessons from the States” (“Bangfeng”) “Minor Odes of the Kingdom” (“Xiaoya”), “Major Odes of the Kingdom” (“Daya”), and “Odes of the Temple and Altar” (“Song”). Based on this, the slips can be reorganized according …

Panel 6 - Tax Sovereignty Asserted And Practiced, David Duff, Jonathan Farrar, Lyne Latulippe, Nicolas Proulx, Jinyan Li

A. Cockfield Memorial Symposium

Chair: David Duff (University of British Columbia)

Jonathan Farrar (Wilfrid Laurier University), Mapping Public Attitudes Toward Taxation: A Cross-National Study of Fiscal Citizenship

Lyne Latulippe (Université de Sherbrooke) and Nicolas Proulx, (Members of Parliament in Development and Adoption of International Tax Policy), Implementation of International Tax Policy by the Canadian Parliament – The case of the MLI

Jinyan Li (Osgoode Hall Law School) and Angelo Nikolakakis (EY), Shrinking Tax Sovereignty in Canada? Evidence from the Income Tax Act

Commentators: Sophie Chatel (MP); Shawn Porter (Deloitte)

The Student Movement Volume 110 Issue 2: Week Of Prayer, Politics, And Purpose, Kara Shepard, Megan Constantine, Corinna Bevier, Melanie Webb, Joey Carrion, Isa Demoraes, Timi Olatunde, Aiko J. Ayala Rios, Ayanda Dewa, Nicoleta Cojan, Madison Vath

The Student Movement V. 110 (2025-2026)

HUMANS

What the Constitution Means to Me, Kara Shepard

Where Passion Meets Purpose: Senior Natalie Reid Reflects on Her College Years, Megan Constantine

ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT

Art Around the City, Corinna Bevier

The Saxophone Reimagined: Cerus Quartet at HPAC, Melanie Webb

The TV Shows That Taught Me Spanish, Corinna Bevier

NEWS

TikTok Survives: Trump Administration Announces Deal to Save the Platform, Joey Carrion

Students Experience "Real Life, real God" at Week of Prayer, Isa DeMoraes

IDEAS

Being Adventist in the 21st Century, Timi Olatunde

Question of the Week #2, Aiko J. Ayala Rios

The Great Spanish Surge, Ayanda Dewa

PULSE …

The Calvin University Math Department History 1920-2020, Michael Stob

University Histories

No abstract provided.

Controlling Private Economic Power: Lessons Learned From The Us Experience In The First Decades Of The 20th Century, Thierry Kirat, Frédéric Marty

Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies

Concerns related to Big Techs have led to a proliferation of legislative initiatives to complete competition rules with regulatory devices that would lead gatekeepers to be subject to obligations to preserve an equality of opportunities on the market. Within this context, this contribution revisits American decision-making practice from the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century to show how regulatory-type interventions and the enforcement of competition rules have been activated to control the strategies of firms acting as gatekeepers. What we can learn from this experience is that a big firm having private regulatory power …

Panel 2 - Tax Sovereignty: Legitimate Authority And Boundaries, Geoffrey Loomer, Tsilly Dagan, Jennifer Farrell

A. Cockfield Memorial Symposium

Chair: Geoffrey Loomer (University of Victoria)

Tsilly Dagan (University of Oxford), Rethinking Tax Sovereignty: Between Power and Legitimate Authority

Jennifer Farrell (Western University), Tax implications of the new EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation Rules

Commentators: Stephen Shay (Boston College); Cees Peters (Tilburg University)

Panel 1 - Tax Sovereignty Between Law And Power, Heather Evans, Kim Brooks, Opeyemi Bello, Craig Elliffe, Reuven Avi-Yonah, Blazej Kuzniacki

A. Cockfield Memorial Symposium

Chair: Heather Evans (Canadian Tax Foundation)

Kim Brooks (Dalhousie University) and Opeyemi Bello (University of Manitoba), Amidst Global Hostilities and Retaliatory Tariffs and Taxation: Analyzing How International Tax Policy Can Foster Global Peace

Craig Elliffe (University of Auckland), Taxing Foreigners Discriminatorily: Lessons from the Reserved Anglosphere

Reuven Avi-Yonah (University of Michigan) and Blazej Kuzniacki (Lazarski University), Rule of Law v. Rule of Power: US Tax Defense Measures in Light of the International Law of Countermeasures

Commentators: Shawn Porter (Deloitte); Remi Gagnon (Finance, Canada)

Catholic Jesuit Evangelisation In India: The Successes And Challenges Of Cultural Accommodation And Inculturation, Sajit U. Kabadi

eJournal of Catholic Education in Australasia

Since its inception as a Catholic religious order in 1540, the Society of Jesus continues to be the prominent instrument of Catholic Mission evangelization in the world. There is no bigger example of this than in the country of India. Given that India is a predominantly Hindu nation, Jesuit Catholic evangelization efforts is remarkably successful as well as revealing of complexity. These successful missionary efforts (in terms of number of conversions and Jesuit influence) have not been without its challenges, questions, controversies, and sacrifices of both the Jesuits and the local Indian people. This manuscript presents a historiography of Jesuit …

In Re: Virgin Oribit. Llc,

2025 Decisions

USDC for the District of Delaware

Carl Bell V. Superintendent Benner Township Sci

2025 Decisions

USDC for the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Michael Anthony V. National Republican Congressional Committee

2025 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania