Digital Commons Network^™

Design And Analysis Of A Hybrid Energy Storage System For A Bldc Motor In Lightweight Electric Vehicles, Mohammed Turki Baidar, Yasir M. Y. Ameen

AUIQ Technical Engineering Science

Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles are being replaced by electric vehicles to decrease fossil fuel depletion, pollution, and the effects of global warming. However, in electric vehicles, the primary concern is battery power consumption and lifespan, which affects the driving range. This study presents a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) comprising a lithium-ion battery and super capacitor array, designed and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink to enhance the range and performance of lightweight electric motorcycles powered by 2.5 kW BLDC motors. A 16-cell super capacitor module (3V, 3000F per cell) achieving 187F total capacitance was integrated with a 44.4V battery through a …

Intelligent Coordination Approach For Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems Towards Sustainable Power Supply, Olufisayo Stephen Babalola, Joseph Bukola Samson, Olatunji Waliu Olademeji, Samson Oladayo Ayanlade, Etinosa Noma-Osaghae, Opeyemi Ahmed Ajibola

AUIQ Technical Engineering Science

This study developed a microcontroller-based system which coordinates and monitors hybrid renewable energy sources within a microgrid, providing an uninterrupted power solution for off-grid areas. Site data for wind speed, solar radiation, and load demand were collected and averaged into hourly intervals across seasons. A key novelty of this work is an intelligent coordination approach based on Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) that simultaneously determines economically viable system sizes and optimizes real time energy flow for adaptive, reliable, and cost-effective control. Mathematical models and size optimization were developed for all system components. This study proposes an intelligent coordination and optimal sizing …

Integration Of Direct Liquid Cooling With Heterogeneous Packages, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

Integration of Direct Liquid Cooling with Heterogeneous Packages

Abstract

The disclosure describes a hybrid cooling architecture designed for heterogeneous die packages. In the disclosed systems, high-power dies amenable to direct cooling can be liquid-cooled, while other, relatively low-power dies, can be cooled indirectly. As described herein, a novel cold plate architecture can be used to manage flow routing between direct and indirect cooling zones. In addition, in some embodiments, a sealant can be used around the periphery of the dies that receive DLC.

The Pledge Of Industrial Property Rights, Meriem Benis

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

Intellectual property can be an important source of loans thanks to its economic value and to the opportunity to contract a surety on its base. In Moroccan law, the constitution of the pledge of industrial property rights is governed mainly by the general theory of obligations and contracts Law, dated in 12th August 1913. The purpose of this study is to measure the suitability of industrial properties for surety purposes. It also makes light on the legal principles of the pledge of industrial property rights.

Editorial, Mohamed Jaouhar

Revue Marocaine de Droit, d'Economie et de Gestion (Moroccan Journal of Law, Economics and Management)

Intellectual property is primarily characterized as an intangible form of property, as it relates to the human intellect and to ideas resulting from creative activity. It is recognized as a natural right and enjoys strong international protection, notably under Article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In Morocco, this protection is also constitutionally guaranteed. The paper traces the historical development of industrial property law in Morocco, from the 1916 Dahir to Law 17-97 and its subsequent amendments, highlighting the influence of international agreements and the progressive alignment with international standards.

The Implications Of Integrating Naturalised Refugees On National Security In Tanzania: Insights From Katumba Old Settlement, Adventina Lauren

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The threats of flight-related factors of the integrated refugees on Tanzania’s national security have not been given serious attention. The article examined the effect of the 162,156 integrated refugee who fled their country of origin due to ethnic, economic, political, and religious conflicts. The study adopted a case study design mixing both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The data were collected through; a survey, in-depth interviews, direct observation, focus group discussion, and document review. It drew data from a sample of 397 involving both naturalised refugees (IRs) and native Tanzanians (NTs) who have been living in the study area and 31 …

Teachers’ Perceptions Towards Disruptive Behaviours Among Students In Public Secondary Schools In Tanzania, Jonas Kinanda

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Disruptive behaviours among secondary school students adversely affect students, teachers, parents and community members. This study explores teachers’ perceptions towards disruptive behaviours among students in public secondary schools in Tanzania. This qualitative study involved 50 teachers selected from four public secondary schools from two councils, namely Mwanza City and Ukerewe District, both found in Mwanza Region, Tanzania. Data collection was done through interviews, focus group discussions, and document reviews. The analysis was thematic and MAXQDA. The findings showed that teachers perceived students’ disruptive behaviours as problematic to the teachers, peers, school administrators, parents, and the community at large. This is …

Ukijianika Utaanuliwa’1: Urban Refugees’ Self-Identity Formation And Interpersonal Communication During Dar Es Salaam Acculturation, Judith Judith

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The research being reported here examined the self-identity formation and communication in the acculturation of urban-based refugees in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Because this refugees’ relationships with the host community are based on their principle of “Ukijianika Utaanuliwa” (If you show yourself, you will be exposed), urban refugees strive to hide their identities during the acculturation process. As they strive to survive in harsh living conditions outside the camps, individuals must work through their identities and develop positive interpersonal contact skills with the host to gain acceptance. Interviews with forty Congolese and Burundian refugees were conducted using targeted group discussions. …

From De-Emphasizing Public Health And Social Measures For Covid-19 To Vaccine Acceptance: An Analysis Of Two Tanzanian Administration’S Responses To Covid-19, Simon Mutebi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Recent global public health literature on politics and pandemics has explored the diversity of African political leaders’ responses to COVID-19. In this article, analysis is done of two Tanzanian administrations’ responses to COVID-19 to show how they departed from each other. For instance, the late President John Magufuli’s administration promoted ‘Afrocentric’ medical knowledge, endogenous initiatives, and spiritual prowess while de-emphasizing ‘Western’ biomedical and public health measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. His successor, President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s administration, however, favoured and promoted public health and social interventions and authorized the importation and use of COVID-19 vaccines in Tanzania. Drawing …

Towards Decolonization Of Evaluation Practices: A Critical Reflection Of Participatory Evaluation Methodologies In Less Developed Countries, Zabron Kengera

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

For many years evaluation practices in less developed countries have been dominated by scientific, top down, quantitative approaches and methodologies. As the result, many evaluation practices in less developed countries have been largely characterized by skewed power relations with poor adoption and utilization of evaluation findings. Several researchers, writers and development professionals agree that participatory evaluation was adopted in Africa and elsewhere in the world as a strategy to address several weaknesses observed in the conventional evaluation practices. Such practices include too much focus on projects and donor funding, lack of inclusion, poor consideration of local variations, lack of transparency, …

The Need Of Online Counselling To Enhance Mental Health Among Students In Higher Learning Institutions In Tanzania, Bernadetha Gabriel Rushahu

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This study aimed to explore the need of online counselling to enhance mental health among students in higher learning institutions. The study employed a qualitative research approach in which 40 participants were involved. These were purposefully selected from two higher learning institutions in Tanzania - 30 were students and 10 were counsellors. In-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion were used to collect data from the respondents. The findings revealed that through online counselling, it is easy to access psychosocial therapy, maintain privacy, conduct time/cost-friendly therapy, access services, allow freedom of expression as well as allow easy feedback and follow-up. Also, …

Public Sector Reform In Tanzania: Implementation Of The National Five-Year Development Plan Towards Social Service Provision, Gelas Rubakula

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Since independence, Tanzania has had a tradition of formulating and implementing long-term and medium-term development plans including the Five-Year Development Plan II (FYDP II) of 2016/17-2020/21. This article aims to assess the implementation of the FYDP II in relation to the provision of social services such as water, health, and education. The empirical question however is whether or not, and to what extent this plan has been implemented. The study thematically analysed secondary data to assess the implementation process. The results show that, to some extent, the implementation was affected by the continued financial dependence on foreign aid and loans, …

Smallholder Orange Farmers’ Access To Market Information In Muheza District, Tanzania, Adolf Julius Mbedule, Hosea N. Mungwabi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This study has investigated market information access by smallholder orange farmers in Muheza District, Tanga Region. Specifically, the study sought to examine the extent to which farmers access market information, their sources of information, and whether their age, gender, and level of education influence them. The study used a descriptive research design and a mixed-methods research approach. It involved 103 randomly selected respondents, four key informants and 26 focus group discussion participants divided into two groups, each consisting of 13 participants. To analyze quantitative data, SPSS version 21 was used, and chi-square and logistic regression were run to determine the …

Uncovering Hidden Struggles Among Disaster Survivors In Tanzania: Are They Vulnerable Survivors Or Resilient Victims?, Egidius Kamanyi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Understanding experiences of disaster survivors as they struggle to bounce back from disaster-caused traumatic experiences, requires concerted and focused efforts involving scholars and practitioners. Developing countries like Tanzania accommodate people who after crisis end up living in misery and not completely recovering. Notwithstanding, however, those labeled resilient or vulnerable usually simply portray a distorted 'face value' reality of the struggles endured. Using a qualitative approach informed by a Chordal Triad of Agency Conceptualization, the paper’s main objective is to uncover hidden struggles among disaster survivors. By recapitulating on the previous study conducted in Kagera14, I extend the argument based on …

Rethinking Marine Resource Management And The Livelihoods Of Artisanal Fishers, Nassoro Rajab Kitunda

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

There are many initiatives, programs and projects based on fishing resource management and improvement of fishing communities. Indeed, all are trying to introduce new forms of fishing as way of improving the marine industry. Nonetheless, there are many things that are either missing or misrepresented in explaining marine resources, especially fishing industry management and subsequent artisanal fishermen’s livelihoods. Because such programs are incompatible and inapplicable, instead of conserving the ocean, they have implications for lives of artisanal fishers and their communities, as the activities displace them so as to access and use the ocean. The study was conducted through qualitative …

Even A Scorpion Sting Hurts Just As Much: A Sobering Look At Men As Victims Of Intimate Partner Abuse And Violence, Nelson Mwesiga Ishengoma

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The subject of intimate violence and abuse has piqued the interest of different groups of people, including psychologists, scholars, and human rights activists over the past 45 years. Even though the epidemiological literature has consistently shown that at least one out of every three people who experience intimate partner violence is a male partner, current initiatives have chosen to ignore this fact. Instead, the phenomenon has been described by most of its advocates as a gender-cockeyed social issue, with a man penned in an “offender” position and a woman in that of a “helpless victim”. Consequently, the exploited man and …

Side Effects Of The Coexistence Of Tradition Medicine With Biomedicine In Primary Health Service Delivery In Rural Areas Of Tanzania, Matrona Kabyemela

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

It is approximated that 60-80 per cent of Tanzanians use Traditional Medicine (TM) as their primary source of health services alongside biomedical services. However, there is little information on the side effects of the co-existence of TM with biomedical system to primary health services delivery in Tanzania. By using Helmke and Levitsky’s Model of co-existence of formal and informal institutions in comparative politics, this article argues that the coexistence of TM and biomedicine undermine the delivery of primary health services in rural areas of Tanzania due to abrupt stoppage of using biomedicine among users, concurrent use of TM and biomedicine …

Towards Decolonization Of Evaluation Practices: A Critical Reflection Of Participatory Evaluation Methodologies In Less Developed Countries, Zabron Kengera

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

For many years evaluation practices in less developed countries have been dominated by scientific, top down, quantitative approaches and methodologies. As the result, many evaluation practices in less developed countries have been largely characterized by skewed power relations with poor adoption and utilization of evaluation findings. Several researchers, writers and development professionals agree that participatory evaluation was adopted in Africa and elsewhere in the world as a strategy to address several weaknesses observed in the conventional evaluation practices. Such practices include too much focus on projects and donor funding, lack of inclusion, poor consideration of local variations, lack of transparency, …

The Dynamics Of Faith-Based Organisations’ Healthcare Interventions In Urban Tanzania: An Ethnographic Inquiry Of Direct Aid And Bethel Revival Temple, Mussa S. Muhoja

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The study examines the ways the new generation of Christian and Muslim Faith-based Organisations (FBOs) have become engaged in the healthcare interventions in Urban Tanzania in recent decades. The study examines character and content of their healthcare interventions as well as religious and professional motivations for their healthcare workers, followers, beneficiaries and management. The study employs the concept of religion as a model for, and model of lived reality by Geertz (1973); and the concept of development as holistic by Bornstein (2005). Ethnographically, the study examines how religious discourses were embodied in social practices, how social and historical processes led …

From De-Emphasizing Public Health And Social Measures For Covid-19 To Vaccine Acceptance: An Analysis Of Two Tanzanian Administration’S Responses To Covid-19, Simon Mutebi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Recent global public health literature on politics and pandemics has explored the diversity of African political leaders’ responses to COVID-19. In this article, analysis is done of two Tanzanian administrations’ responses to COVID-19 to show how they departed from each other. For instance, the late President John Magufuli’s administration promoted ‘Afrocentric’ medical knowledge, endogenous initiatives, and spiritual prowess while de-emphasizing ‘Western’ biomedical and public health measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. His successor, President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s administration, however, favoured and promoted public health and social interventions and authorized the importation and use of COVID-19 vaccines in Tanzania. Drawing …

Public Sector Reform In Tanzania: Implementation Of The National Five-Year Development Plan Towards Social Service Provision, Gelas Rubakula

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Since independence, Tanzania has had a tradition of formulating and implementing long-term and medium-term development plans including the Five-Year Development Plan II (FYDP II) of 2016/17-2020/21. This article aims to assess the implementation of the FYDP II in relation to the provision of social services such as water, health, and education. The empirical question however is whether or not, and to what extent this plan has been implemented. The study thematically analysed secondary data to assess the implementation process. The results show that, to some extent, the implementation was affected by the continued financial dependence on foreign aid and loans, …

The Need Of Online Counselling To Enhance Mental Health Among Students In Higher Learning Institutions In Tanzania, Bernadetha Gabriel Rushahu

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This study aimed to explore the need of online counselling to enhance mental health among students in higher learning institutions. The study employed a qualitative research approach in which 40 participants were involved. These were purposefully selected from two higher learning institutions in Tanzania - 30 were students and 10 were counsellors. In-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussion were used to collect data from the respondents. The findings revealed that through online counselling, it is easy to access psychosocial therapy, maintain privacy, conduct time/cost-friendly therapy, access services, allow freedom of expression as well as allow easy feedback and follow-up. Also, …

Smallholder Orange Farmers’ Access To Market Information In Muheza District, Tanzania, Adolf Julius Mbedule, Hosea N. Mungwabi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This study has investigated market information access by smallholder orange farmers in Muheza District, Tanga Region. Specifically, the study sought to examine the extent to which farmers access market information, their sources of information, and whether their age, gender, and level of education influence them. The study used a descriptive research design and a mixed-methods research approach. It involved 103 randomly selected respondents, four key informants and 26 focus group discussion participants divided into two groups, each consisting of 13 participants. To analyze quantitative data, SPSS version 21 was used, and chi-square and logistic regression were run to determine the …

How Power Distancing Mentality Hinders A Citiens Readiness To Report A Witnessed Corruption Incident In Tanania., Eric Clement Mgalula, Audax Kweyamba

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

In this paper, citien’s reportage of corruption means a citien’s readiness to report a witnessed corruption incident to the anticorruption agencies. Citiens’ reportage of corruption is largely conditioned by a free will decision. In this study, the decision to report corruption or not, noted as a critical concern in anti-corruption efforts. The influence of the social-psychological factors, particularly a powerdistancing mind-set on a citizens intentional behaviour to report a corruption event, has been utilized as a method to establish factors that would affect citizens to report witnessed corruption incidents in Tanzania. A case study was used. This paper used qualitative …

Rethinking Marine Resource Management And The Livelihoods Of Artisanal Fishers, Nassoro Rajab Kitunda

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

There are many initiatives, programs and projects based on fishing resource management and improvement of fishing communities. Indeed, all are trying to introduce new forms of fishing as way of improving the marine industry. Nonetheless, there are many things that are either missing or misrepresented in explaining marine resources, especially fishing industry management and subsequent artisanal fishermen’s livelihoods. Because such programs are incompatible and inapplicable, instead of conserving the ocean, they have implications for lives of artisanal fishers and their communities, as the activities displace them so as to access and use the ocean. The study was conducted through qualitative …

Even A Scorpion Sting Hurts Just As Much: A Sobering Look At Men As Victims Of Intimate Partner Abuse And Violence, Nelson Mwesiga Ishengoma

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The subject of intimate violence and abuse has piqued the interest of different groups of people, including psychologists, scholars, and human rights activists over the past 45 years. Even though the epidemiological literature has consistently shown that at least one out of every three people who experience intimate partner violence is a male partner, current initiatives have chosen to ignore this fact. Instead, the phenomenon has been described by most of its advocates as a gender-cockeyed social issue, with a man penned in an “offender” position and a woman in that of a “helpless victim”. Consequently, the exploited man and …

Uncovering Hidden Struggles Among Disaster Survivors In Tanzania: Are They Vulnerable Survivors Or Resilient Victims?, Egidius Kamanyi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Understanding experiences of disaster survivors as they struggle to bounce back from disaster-caused traumatic experiences, requires concerted and focused efforts involving scholars and practitioners. Developing countries like Tanzania accommodate people who after crisis end up living in misery and not completely recovering. Notwithstanding, however, those labeled resilient or vulnerable usually simply portray a distorted 'face value' reality of the struggles endured. Using a qualitative approach informed by a Chordal Triad of Agency Conceptualization, the paper’s main objective is to uncover hidden struggles among disaster survivors. By recapitulating on the previous study conducted in Kagera14, I extend the argument based on …

Side Effects Of The Coexistence Of Tradition Medicine With Biomedicine In Primary Health Service Delivery In Rural Areas Of Tanzania, Matrona Kabyemela

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

It is approximated that 60-80 per cent of Tanzanians use Traditional Medicine (TM) as their primary source of health services alongside biomedical services. However, there is little information on the side effects of the co-existence of TM with biomedical system to primary health services delivery in Tanzania. By using Helmke and Levitsky’s Model of co-existence of formal and informal institutions in comparative politics, this article argues that the coexistence of TM and biomedicine undermine the delivery of primary health services in rural areas of Tanzania due to abrupt stoppage of using biomedicine among users, concurrent use of TM and biomedicine …

The Dynamics Of Faith-Based Organisations’ Healthcare Interventions In Urban Tanzania: An Ethnographic Inquiry Of Direct Aid And Bethel Revival Temple, Mussa S. Muhoja

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

The study examines the ways the new generation of Christian and Muslim Faith-based Organisations (FBOs) have become engaged in the healthcare interventions in Urban Tanzania in recent decades. The study examines character and content of their healthcare interventions as well as religious and professional motivations for their healthcare workers, followers, beneficiaries and management. The study employs the concept of religion as a model for, and model of lived reality by Geertz (1973); and the concept of development as holistic by Bornstein (2005). Ethnographically, the study examines how religious discourses were embodied in social practices, how social and historical processes led …

Effective Leadership Strategies That Enhance Banking Employees’ Productivity, Biljana Matevska

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Ineffective leader-follower relationships in banks can negatively affect productivity. Branch bank leaders in New Jersey are concerned that low productivity reduces the quality of service provided to clients. Based on leader-member exchange theory, the purpose of this qualitative pragmatic inquiry project is to identify and explore effective strategies that some leaders in the banking industry in New Jersey use to build leader-follower relationships for increasing and sustaining worker productivity. Participants were six bank managers in New Jersey who had implemented strategies. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and a review of publicly available industrial documents, and three themes were identified …