High School Dropout Rates Among Latin Students In The United States, Taryn T. Marriott

Student Works

An ongoing concern of educators and community members is the disproportionately high amounts of Latinx students dropping out of high school in the United States. Although there has been notable research done and action taken, the problem still remains. Lack of familial support, discrimination, and residence in low-income areas all contribute to the low retention rates of Latinx youth on track to graduate high school. As a result, youth who do not complete their education and set their sights on career goals have a harder time with employment, communicating in their society, and tend to show higher levels of engagement …

Robust And High-Efficiency Demodulation Of Ultra-Weak Fbg Arrays In Ofdr-Based Distributed Sensing, Zhaopeng Zhang, Yuxuan Cao, Xu Liu, Dingcheng Wang, Bo Liu, Chen Zhu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A robust and high-efficiency demodulation scheme for optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) based ultra-weak fiber Bragg grating (UWFBG) array detection system, originating from the Buneman frequency estimation (BFE) algorithm, is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Due to the current limitations and imperfections of FBG inscription technology, the quasi-continuous inscription approach, along with its less-than-ideal outcomes, gives rise to problems of grating spectrum splitting and spectral distortion during the grating demodulation process. This renders the traditional approach of directly applying the BFE algorithm for grating demodulation ineffective, despite its significant enhancement of demodulation efficiency. To address this issue, we propose utilizing the …

Delegation And Agency Deference In Financial Regulation: A Comparative Eu-U.S. Perspective, Rosa M. Lastra, Patricia A. Mccoy

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

An Ocean Apart: The Regulation Of Financial Technology In The United States And European Union, Dan Awrey, Pauline Pailler

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

The Regulation Of Technological Innovation In Financial Services: A Comparative Approach With Respect To Digital Assets And Artificial Intelligence, Howell E. Jackson, Katja Langenbucher

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

The Divergence Of Mandatory Climate Disclosure In The United States And European Union, Alessio M. Pacces, David Zaring

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

Dale Morgan V. Centre County

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Middle District of Pennsylvania

Andres Macias-Chamaidan V. Attorney General United States Of America

2026 Decisions

Agency

Chek2 Loss Endows Chemotherapy Resistance To Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Jing Zhou, Tianyuan Hu, Dian Li, Sanming Li, Minhua Li, Xiangguo Shi, Daisuke Nakada

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Individuals with history of chemo- or radiotherapy frequently exhibit somatic mosaicism in the blood, often involving mutations in genes responsible for DNA damage responses (DDR), such as CHEK2. However, the mechanisms by which CHEK2 mutations promote the expansion of mutant cells following chemo- or radiotherapy remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that loss of CHEK2 confers resistance to chemotherapy in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Through a CRISPR-based screen, we identified CHEK2 as a gene whose loss enhances resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapies. A complementary drug screen revealed that CHEK2-mutant cells are also resistant to DNA hypomethylating agents. Chek2-deficient HSPCs …

Book Review: Defining The Mission: The Development Of Us Strategic Military Intelligence Up To The Cold War, Thomas W. Spahr

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Scott A. Moseman

Reviewed by: Dr. Thomas W. Spahr, Francis W. De Serio Chair of Strategic and Theater Intelligence, US Army War College

From a modest four-man office in 1882 to a sprawling intelligence network by the 1940s, Scott A. Moseman traces the evolution of US strategic military intelligence through war, politics, and institutional transformation. Focusing on the Office of Naval Intelligence and the Military Intelligence Division, he reveals how competing visions from military leaders, government officials, and the public shaped the mission and identity of American intelligence agencies. This richly detailed history uncovers the roots of modern intelligence …

Book Review: A Search For Strategy: British–American Military Collaboration In 1942, William Phillips

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: John F. Shortal

Reviewed by: Reviewed by Colonel William Phillips, US Army retired, assistant professor, Department of Joint, Interagency, and Multinational Operations, Command and General Staff College

John F. Shortal’s book explores the relationship between Britain and the United States as they worked together to develop strategy during World War II. He introduces key players of strategy development, as well as how priorities the different countries brought to the table affected outcomes of specific battles and the war as a whole. The reviewer sees this book as more than a record of history, but also a provider of relevant …

Book Review: The Clausewitz Myth: Or The Emperor’S New Clothes, Darren W. Buss

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Azar Gat

Reviewed by: Colonel Darren W. Buss, faculty instructor, Department of Military Strategy, Planning, and Operations, US Army War College

Azar Gat, the author of The Clausewitz Myth, takes a closer look at Carl von Clausewitz’s On War and argues through looking at historical documents and unpublished versions of the text that there have been misinterpretations of his thoughts. The reviewer believes Gat’s assertions are not earth-shattering but still notes “engaging with [Clausewitz’s] thoughts through the lens of Gat is a valuable experience for readers.”

Book Review: Sun Tzu In Space: What International Relations, History, And Science Fiction Teach Us About Our Future, Timothy S. Martin, Stephanie St. Louis

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Gregory D. Miller

Reviewed by: Lieutenant Colonel Timothy S. Martin, director, Defense Strategy Course, US Army War College, and Captain Stephanie St. Louis, strategic planner, Office of the Chief of Army Reserve, Fort Belvoir

Sun Tzu in Space combines an examination of history and science fiction to assess what humanity’s future in space could look like through an international relations lens. The reviewer sees it as “a pulse check on the potential for violent future conflicts” and recommends it for policymakers and science fiction enthusiasts alike.

©2025 Timothy G. Martin and Stephanie St. Louis

Book Review: Arms Control At A Crossroads: Renewal Or Demise?, Ronald J. Granieri

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Editors: Jeffrey A. Larsen and Shane Smith

Reviewed by: Ronald J. Granieri

Arms Control at a Crossroads is a timely examination of arms control in a changing and complex strategic environment. The essays collected cover the broad context of arms control, specific examples of nuclear powers, and a review of arms control domains. The reviewer sees this book as “a useful addition to the library of any specialists in the field.”

Book Review: Facing The Victorious Turks: How The French Misread The Turkish War Of Independence, Michael S. Neiberg

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Andrew Orr

Reviewed by: Dr. Michael S. Neiberg, chair of war studies, US Army War College

After World War I, French officials viewed the Middle East through a lens of Orientalism and imperial anxiety, leading them to misinterpret the rise of Turkish nationalism. In this gripping study, Andrew Orr reveals how flawed intelligence and racial biases shaped France’s response to Mustafa Kemal’s revolutionary movement. Facing the Victorious Turks offers a compelling reexamination of colonial misjudgment and its impact on the birth of modern Türkiye.

Book Review: Valiant Women: The Extraordinary American Servicewomen Who Helped Win World War Ii, Christine Cook

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Lena Andrews

Reviewed by: Dr. Christine Cook, director of theories and war, Department of Distance Education, US Army War College

In Valiant Women, author Lena Andrews compiles stories that were largely gathered through interviews with women who served during World War II and uncovers their important but often overlooked contributions to the war effort. Although the reviewer regrets Andrews’s missed opportunity to include academic sources alongside the firsthand accounts, she still sees this compilation of untold stories as relevant and important.

©2025 Christine Cook

Book Review: Outmaneuvered: America’S Tragic Encounter With Warfare From Vietnam To Afghanistan, Marie Louise Deraismes Combes

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: James A. Warren

Reviewed by: Dr. Marie Louise deRaismes Combes, assistant professor of national security, Department of National Security and Strategy, US Army War College

Outmaneuvered: America’s Tragic Encounter with Warfare from Vietnam to Afghanistan chronologically examines the United States’ relationship with counterinsurgency. The author’s primary focus is the influence of politics on irregular warfare and covers irregular conflicts that occurred prior to and after 9/11. The reviewer saw both positives and negatives to the book and its arguments.

©2025 Marie Louise deRaismes Combes

Usa V. Thomas Wade

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Western District of Pennsylvania

Smart Recurring Payment Auditor For Bait-And-Switch Mitigation, Prajna Shetty, Alok Roy

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to the field of digital payment security, in particular to a system and method for mitigating bait-and-switch practices in recurring digital payment systems. The smart recurring payment auditor disclosed herein operates at a network layer of the payment infrastructure. The smart recurring payment auditor employs a multi-modal deep learning ensemble, advanced bitmapped feature encoding and temporal pattern synthesis to analyse recurring payment behaviour. Further, the smart recurring payment auditor integrates global merchant telemetry, user behavioural feedback, and descriptor intelligence to detect and score deceptive recurring billing schemes. Furthermore, upon identification of a suspicious pattern, the smart …

System And Method For Distributed Ai Model Processing Using Commodity Graphic Accelerators With Intelligent Workload Orchestration, Shreyas Kc, Yu Gu

Defensive Publications Series

This present disclosure relates to the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), in particular to a system and method for distributed AI model processing using commodity graphic accelerators with intelligent workload orchestration. A system and method are provided for registering and utilizing commodity hardware equipped with graphic accelerators for distributed Artificial Intelligence (AI) model inference in both batch and real-time processing environments. The system comprises a hardware registration module for onboarding GPUs and other graphic accelerators, an AI model registration module for cataloguing models and their specifications, and an AI-based orchestration agent that analyses model characteristics, including complexity, data volume, feature …

Replay Time Based Cleanup Cache, R V Vighnesh

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to the field of data processing, in particular to a time-based cleanup cache for optimizing deduplication in transaction processing systems. The cache organizes deduplication entries based on transaction dates and maintains only a minimal composite key required for unique identification, thereby improving both memory utilization and operational efficiency. The cache employs a deterministic cleanup process, wherein expired entries are automatically removed at predefined intervals, ensuring consistent performance and scalability under varying traffic conditions. Further, the cache is integrated into existing statestore workflows for replay validation and includes configurable capacity constraints, thereby enhancing service reliability, reducing infrastructure …

Fine Tuning Context Window For Optimal Utilization In Generative Models, Shivam Mohan, Sudharshan Krishnakumar Gaddam

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a method and a system for fine-tuning a context window for optimal utilization in generative models. The present disclosure suggests receiving an input prompt comprising a plurality of tokens and generating a baseline output based on the input prompt. Upon generating the baseline output, the present disclosure suggests evaluating at least one token of the plurality of tokens for contribution to the generated output. Subsequently, the present disclosure suggests computing rarity scores and possibility scores associated with the evaluated tokens by using a rarity matrix model and a possibility matrix model. Further, the present disclosure …

The Phyrfly Opus: A Unified Standard For Hyperdimensional Time Vectors, Spectrally Isolated Coordination, Neural Hierarchies, And Distributed Proprioception, Steven Kirkland

Defensive Publications Series

This monograph establishes 264 prior art claims for a decentralized, connectionless timing and positioning architecture comprising the UTLP, RFIP, and SMSP protocol triad. It formalizes the PHYRFLY nomenclature to distinguish low-level, hardware-scheduled Physical-Layer synchronization primitives from higher-level application orchestration. The core novelty centers on a Vector Time Representation, encoding temporal state as 8 phase values (ticks modulo coprime integers 211–251) transmitted in 8 bytes, then expanded locally into ~10,000-dimensional hyperdimensional chord vectors for similarity computation and drift estimation. This cyclic encoding enables automatic phase-lock convergence within 5–10 beacon exchanges regardless of initial offset, with the Chinese Remainder Theorem guaranteeing unique …

(((Qpie))) Prior Art Declaration 7 Of 9 Cosmology And The Collapse Of Binary Paradigms, Teddy Burroughs

Defensive Publications Series

The Grand Unified Theory (QPIE)

Perspective Is Everything – What we are Believing, Expecting and Feeling in Life Matters

(((QPiE))) Prior Art Declaration 7 of 9 Cosmology and the Collapse of Binary Paradigms

Why the Substrate Selects Against Competition, Dominance, Division, and Hierarchy (Misalignment)

1. THE PROBLEM: HUMANITY STILL THINKS IN TWO DIMENSIONS WHILE THE SUBSTRATE OPERATES IN MANY (3 at Minimum)

Human civilization—religions, political systems, economic models, identity structures—still behaves as though existence is organized around:

• winners and losers
• insiders and outsiders
• chosen versus damned
• hierarchy versus inferiority
• success versus failure
• truth versus falsity
• self versus other
• matter versus …

Conducting A Qualitative Umbrella Review For Novice Researchers: A Critical Reflection Of Primary Documents, Mónica Fontana, Celia Camilli Trujillo

The Qualitative Report

The need for scientific evidence in education has accelerated systematic reviews. However, the practice of conducting umbrella reviews is not yet common in education. Among the possible reasons for the scarce number of umbrella reviews in education is the lack of knowledge of the steps required to conduct them and the specific challenges of this method. Their usefulness in the educational context lies in their ability to offer new findings of great scope and transferability based on evidence from multiple systematic reviews in an efficient and in-depth manner. This study provides a critical reflection on the methodological implications of conducting …

Ethics Of Artificial Intelligence For Lawyers: Shall We Play A Game? The Rise Of Artificial Intelligence And The First Cases, Cliff Mckinney

Arkansas Law Notes

In the 1983 movie WarGames, a young computer hacker accidentally accesses a United States military supercomputer programmed to run nuclear war simulations. Four decades after WarGames, lawyers are now facing similar challenges of learning to use and communicate with artificial intelligence––hopefully without destroying the world. Artificial intelligence tools, such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini, are quickly being incorporated into legal practice. These systems can draft documents, perform analysis, and support other legal tasks. While lawyers adjust to these new technologies, courts and regulatory authorities are actively developing appropriate frameworks to guide and supervise the use of these tools within the …

Perception As Beholding: Theological Possibility And Moral Implication Of Merleau-Ponty's Notion Of Embodied Subject, Erickson L. Totanes

Budhi: A Journal of Ideas and Culture

In this article, I argue that Merleau -Ponty’s concept of perception reveals a way of seeing where the subject is involved with the object in a dynamic, reversible, and expanding relationship. This notion challenges the traditional and Cartesian subject -object dichotomy by emphasizing the embodied and lived experience of perception which elicits a process, a way of looking, anticipating, and reflexively, a way of being itself. By aligning seeing with beholding, I attempt to show how as simple an act as seein g evokes a manner of being related to an object, other people, and the world. The emergence of …

Policy, Misinformation, And Mortality: The Effects Of Abortion Restrictions On Maternal Outcomes, Gabrielle Samiratedu Dmsc, Mcms, Pa-C

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

The objective of this review is to evaluate the effects of restrictive abortion laws on maternal mortality and morbidity in the United States. Even before the landmark reversal of Roe v. Wade, the US had one of the highest maternal mortality rates among other high-income countries, and rates are expected to continue to rise in states with restrictive abortion policies. Electronic databases and public health data were analyzed to assess clinical outcomes, access to care, and disparities associated with abortion restrictions nationally and internationally. The findings suggest that states with highly restrictive abortion policies experience higher rates of maternal morbidity …

Forever Un-Wild: How The Forever Wild Clause “Locks Up” New York’S Closed Correctional Facilities, William Carswell

Pace Environmental Law Review

Article XIV of the New York State Constitution, better known as the “Forever Wild Clause,” enshrines a conservationist ideal into law. The crux of article XIV prohibits the leasing, selling, or exchanging of state-owned land within New York’s Forest Preserve to private entities. Since its inception, this mandate has dictated the State’s approach to management of its Forest Preserve. Whenever New York decides to excise a piece of its Forest Preserve, the cumbersome yet necessary constitutional amendment process is triggered. Renewed attention to this legal requirement is peaking. Since 2009, five former Department of Corrections and Community Supervision sites located …

Surf And Turf: How Litigation Against Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations Can Inform Regulation Of The Aquaculture Industry, Amanda Kapitula

Pace Environmental Law Review

Industrial agriculture dominates the U.S. agricultural industry. On land, animals are stuffed into factory-like facilities, called concentrated animal feeding operations (“CAFOs”), where they are raised to maximize the output of food products. In the process, they produce vast amounts of waste, contaminating surrounding air and water resources. Increasingly, factory farms are making their way into the water as the fishing industry shifts from wild-catch systems to aquaculture operations, or the raising of fish for consumption. While aquaculture has the potential to be a more sustainable option than both wild-catch and animal agriculture, concentrated aquatic animal production facilities (“CAAPFs”) also have …