Digital Commons Network^™

Ahma 198.50: Medical Assisting Externship, Michelle M. Hritsco

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Ahma 298.01: Medical Assisting Externship, Michelle M. Hritsco

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Cula 161.02: Meats And Vegetables, Wilbert P. Gahagan, Sebastian E. Robataille

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Cula 206.01: Restaurant Management, Wilbert P. Gahagan, Sebastian E. Robataille

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Dst 230.01: Air Conditioning, Alexander E. Carlson

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Dst 231.01: Fuel Systems, Alexander E. Carlson

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Nrsg 244.00: Adult Nursing Ii, Izak A. Godoy

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Nrsg 261.01: Adult Nursing Iii Clinical, Izak A. Godoy

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Performance Comparison Between Ib And Non-Ib Students On The International Schools’ Assessment: Applying Hierarchical Linear Modelling To The 2023 And 2024 Data, Liang-Cheng Zhang

Monitoring Learning

This report compares the academic performance of International Baccalaureate (IB) students in the Primary Years Programme (PYP) and Middle Years Programme (MYP) with that of students in other accredited international schools, using data from the International Schools’ Assessment (ISA). The ISA is designed for students in international schools from grades 3 to 10 and evaluates proficiency in five domains: Mathematical Literacy, Reading, Scientific Literacy, Narrative Writing and Expository Writing. In addition, ISA scales for Mathematical Literacy, Reading and Scientific Literacy are based on the internationally recognized frameworks used in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s (OECD) Programme for International …

Penalty Box: The Eighth Amendment’S Role In The Fbar Penalties Game, Tessa B. Walter

Georgia State University Law Review

A sharp disagreement has emerged among federal circuit courts regarding the application of the Eighth Amendment’s Excessive Fines Clause to penalties for failing to file a Foreign Bank Account Report (FBAR). This has created legal uncertainty for individuals with foreign financial interests. The resulting circuit split leads to disparate outcomes, where the constitutionality of a penalty is dependent on the jurisdiction in which it is challenged.

The divergence in judicial opinion centers on a fundamental question: Whether the substantial civil penalties for willful FBAR violations constitute a punitive “fine” or a remedial measure intended to compensate the government. The statutory …

We The People: Ending Subminimum Wage Through Alternative Means Where Legislation Has Failed, Heather N. Kainz

Student Scholarship

No abstract provided.

M 121.05: College Algebra With Co-Requisite Support, Lauren S. Fern

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Cula 299.01: Culinary Arts Capstone, Wilbert P. Gahagan, Sebastian E. Robataille

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

M 121.03: College Algebra, Alexander Goldman

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Wgss 591.01: Special Topics - Feminist And Queer Theories And Methods, Danielle N. Cooney

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Soci 318.01: Sociological Research Methods, Jacobs W. Hammond

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Phl 318.01: Applied Logic, Jeffrey E. Stephenson

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Psci 591.07: Special Topics - American Political Thought, Ramona Grey

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Psci 328.01: Politics Of China, Kristin Vekasi

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Psci 352y.01: American Political Thought, Ramona Grey

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Phl 291.01: Special Topics - Critical Reasoning And The Law, Jeffrey E. Stephenson

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Psci 591.10: Politics Of China, Kristin Vekasi

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Wgss 592.01: Independent Study - Feminist And Queer Theories And Methods, Danielle N. Cooney

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Soci 318.50: Sociological Research Methods, Jessie L. Slepicka

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

When Constitutional Protection For Religious Liberty Gets Lost In Translation: A Case Study From Washington State, Robert W. Gomulkiewicz

Articles

Protecting religious liberty can present difficult challenges when religious liberty conflicts with laws prohibiting discrimination. Balancing religious liberty and nondiscrimination requires courts to accurately apply the U.S. Supreme Court’s complex First Amendment jurisprudence, including cases that address compelled speech, expressive association, and church autonomy. Amidst all the complexity, protection for religious liberty can get lost in translation. One important venue where protection can get lost in translation is in religious liberty cases decided by state supreme courts. The decisions of state supreme courts are especially significant because they provide the authoritative construction for state statutes and the state constitution. In …

M 105.03: Contemporary Mathematics W/ Co-Requisite Support, Bergen J. Dolan

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

M 115.08: Probability And Linear Mathematics, Blake P. Miller

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

M 191.01: Stem Algebra Prep, Bergen J. Dolan

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Enst 589.01: Environmental Justice Issues And Solutions, Catalina M. De Onis

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.

Soci 221.50: Criminal Justice System, James Tuttle

University of Montana Course Syllabi, 2026-2030

No abstract provided.