Digital Commons Network^™

A Heritable Iron Memory Enables Decision-Making In Escherichia Coli, Souvik Bhattacharyya, Nabin Bhattarai, Dylan M Pfannenstiel, Brady Wilkins, Abhyudai Singh, Rasika M Harshey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The importance of memory in bacterial decision-making is relatively unexplored. We show here that a prior experience of swarming is remembered when Escherichia coli encounters a new surface, improving its future swarming efficiency. We conducted >10,000 single-cell swarm assays to discover that cells store memory in the form of cellular iron levels. This “iron” memory preexists in planktonic cells, but the act of swarming reinforces it. A cell with low iron initiates swarming early and is a better swarmer, while the opposite is true for a cell with high iron. The swarming potential of a mother cell, which tracks with …

Antibiotic Resistance At Sequence, Population, And Global Scales, Kevin Blake

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Antibiotic resistance (AR) can be studied at multiple scales. The smallest is at the level of the DNA or amino acid sequence of AR genes, characterizing how AR genes are encoded, regulated, and expressed. Next is the level of protein structure, deciphering the 3D shape of AR proteins and how that shape affects function. The next higher scale is that of biochemistry, studying the kinetics of these proteins’ mechanism of action and interactions with drug molecules. The level of populations studies individual species of bacteria that are resistant to specific antibiotics. The next higher scale, of microbiomes, examines many species …

Inhibiting Notch Signaling In Mins Improves Neurite Extension & Investigating The Epigenome Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Kyle Foster Burbach

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Improvements to models of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases are increasingly important as our population ages and their prevalence increases. Overexpression of microRNAs-9/9* and 124 (miR-9/9*-124) convert human adult fibroblasts into neurons (miNs) by silencing non-neuronal networks, allowing the neuronal program to take over. However, improvements to this paradigm are still necessary to bring this system as close to in vivo investigation as possible. Structure equals function is one of the core tenants of molecular and cellular biology, and it applies to the morphology of neurons more so than most cells in the body. To identify drivers of morphometric reprogramming of miNs, …

Effect Of Different Pre-Growth Temperatures On The Survival Kinetics Of Salmonella Enterica And Listeria Monocytogenes In Fresh-Cut Salad During Refrigerated Storage, Avninder Kaur, Veerachandra K. Yemmireddy

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

The effect of the pre-growth temperature of bacterial cultures on their subsequent survival kinetics in fresh-cut produce during refrigerated storage was investigated in this study. Three-strain cocktails of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica, cultured at different growth temperatures (4, 21, and 37 °C) were inoculated on fresh-cut mixed salad and on individual produce in the mixed salad. The inoculated samples were stored at 4 °C and 80 ± 2% relative humidity (RH) for up to 72 h and the growth, survival, or death kinetics were determined at regular intervals. The results indicate that depending upon the type of pathogen tested, …

Geochemistry Of The Lake Sediments On Robert Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica: Implications For Weathering Processes In Polar Areas, Merve Özyurt, Yilmaz Demi̇r, Korhan Özkan, Rai̇f Kandemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The preliminary results of geochemical analyses of the surface sediments from 4 lakes on Robert Island, South Shetland, Antarctica, are presented herein. The samples were collected during the Turkish Antarctic Expedition (TAE-II) in 2018. Sediment samples were obtained from the littoral zone (approximately 20 cm) of 4 different lakes exposed on the glacier-free land area on Robert Island. The lake sediments predominantly consist of fine-grained sand, clay, and silt particles. These particles include Fe-shale and graywacke geochemical characteristics. Their plagioclase index of alteration, chemical index of weathering, chemical index of alteration, and other weathering index values, suggest that the studied …

Surveying And Evaluating Pests And Beneficial Insects In Utah's Vegetable Production, Nick Volesky, Amelia Olds, Marion Murray

All Current Publications

The Utah State University (USU) Extension Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program conducted a season-long survey evaluating arthropod pests, plant diseases, pollinators, and other beneficials on a ¼-acre vegetable farm and adjacent pollinator habitat located in Logan, Utah. Understanding the roles of these groups on plant health and the efficacy of nonchemical pest management approaches critically impacts the sustainability of Utah’s vegetable industry. Survey findings have been used as a reference for developing video content, fact sheets, and presentations to educate Utah’s commercial and small-acreage farmers.

How Megadrought Causes Extensive Mortality In A Deep-Rooted Shrub Species Normally Resistant To Drought-Induced Dieback: The Role Of A Biotic Mortality Agent, Natalie M. Aguirre, Marissa E. Ochoa, Helen I. Holmlund, Gabriella N. Palmeri, Emily R. Lancaster, Gina S. Gilderman, Shaquetta R. Taylor, Kaitlyn E. Sauer, Adriana J. Borges, Avery N.D. Lamb, Sarah B. Jacques, Frank W. Ewers, Stephen D. Davis

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Southern California experienced unprecedented megadrought between 2012 and 2018. During this time, Malosma laurina, a chaparral species normally resilient to single-year intense drought, developed extensive mortality exceeding 60% throughout low-elevation coastal populations of the Santa Monica Mountains. We assessed the physiological mechanisms by which the advent of megadrought predisposed M. laurina to extensive shoot dieback and whole-plant death. We found that hydraulic conductance of stem xylem (Ks, native) was reduced seven to 11-fold in dieback adult and resprout branches, respectively. Staining of stem xylem vessels revealed that dieback plants experienced 68% solid-blockage, explaining the reduction in water transport. Following Koch's …

Sex-Associated Differences In Frequencies And Prognostic Impact Of Recurrent Genetic Alterations In Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia (Alliance, Amlcg), Michael Ozga, Geoffrey L Uy, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Clinical outcome of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with demographic and genetic features. Although the associations of acquired genetic alterations with patients' sex have been recently analyzed, their impact on outcome of female and male patients has not yet been comprehensively assessed. We performed mutational profiling, cytogenetic and outcome analyses in 1726 adults with AML (749 female and 977 male) treated on frontline Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology protocols. A validation cohort comprised 465 women and 489 men treated on frontline protocols of the German AML Cooperative Group. Compared with men, women more often had normal …

Potential Hybridization Among Two Species Of California Salvia, Ellie Morrison, Bryan Drew

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Hybridization among plants is fairly common, particularly in instances where closely related species are sympatric. One example of a group in which hybridization has been detected is the genus Salvia (Lamiaceae; mint family). Salvia is a diverse genus consisting of about 1,000 species and is defined primarily by having only two stamens, each with their anther sacs separated by elongated connective tissue. The genus has diversity centers around the world, including Southwest Asia and the Mediterranean region, Mexico/Central America, northern and central South America, and temperate East Asia. The genus also has a smaller species radiation of 19 species in …

Role Of Atmospheric Indices In Describing Shoreline Variability Along The Atlantic Coast Of Europe, Gerd Masselink, Bruno Castelle, Tim Scott, Aikaterini Konstantinou

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Beaches are highly variable environments and respond to changes in wave forcing, themselves modulated by climate variability. Here, we analyze three high‐quality beach profile data sets to robustly investigate, for the first time, the link between shoreline change, wave forcing and climate variability along the Atlantic coast of Europe. Winter wave conditions are strongly associated with North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Western Europe Pressure Anomaly (WEPA), with WEPA explaining 50%–80% of the winter wave power variability. Shoreline variability during winter is also strongly linked to NAO and WEPA, with WEPA explaining 25% of the winter shoreline variability. Winter wave conditions …

Using Citizen Science Data To Assess The Vulnerability Of Bottlenose Dolphins To Human Impacts Along England's South Coast, S. Corr, R. Dudley, T. Brereton, N. Clear, A. Crosby, S. Duncan, P. G.H. Evans, D. Jones, S. Sayer, T. Taylor, N. Tregenza, R. Williams, M. J. Witt, S. N. Ingram

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Coastal bottlenose dolphin populations are highly vulnerable due to their small population sizes and proximity to human activities. Long‐term studies in the UK have monitored populations protected within Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) since the 1990s, but a small community of bottlenose dolphins inhabiting the coastal waters of southern England has received much less attention. The English Channel is one of the most heavily impacted marine ecosystems worldwide and increasing anthropogenic pressures pose a severe threat to the long‐term viability of this population. Conservation measures to protect these animals have been hindered by a lack of knowledge of population size, …

Ozgene: To Advance Humanity – Inspire Curiosity, Maarit Patrick, Mike Dixon

Huntsman School of Business Teaching Scholarship Series

The case introduces the students to Ozgene, an Australian firm that experienced a dramatic reduction in lead time of their products because of implementation of Lean principles. The case can be used in undergraduate or graduate courses in operations management or supply chain management as an introduction to Lean principles. The case also encourages students to consider the challenges that make-to-order differ from those of make-to-stock and explore production design principles.

How Math Anxiety Affects Educational Trajectories, Whitney M. Perkins

Transformations

Abstract

Math anxiety is a significant problem, affecting numerous people of all ages worldwide. Through my research, I found what a debilitating issue it can become. Having math anxiety affects academic performance, class selections, college decisions and even career choices. The cause is still unknown, but many researchers believe that the dynamics between the students and teachers or students and their parents can have a great impact. Females are disproportionately more affected by math anxiety, partly because of past societal norms with gender stereotyping. There are steps educators can take to lessen the degree of math anxiety present in their …

Colocolic Fistula: A Rare Consequential Presentation Of Cecal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Jessica Rutyna, Paige Stratton, Rutwik Pradeep Sharma, Anthony V. Baratta Jr

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer death in the United States. Relative to a 5-year survival rate, CRC patients diagnosed with localized disease accrue a 90% survival rate while those diagnosed with distant-stage disease maintain 14% survival. Mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) is a unique subtype of CRC characterized by the presence of extracellular mucin occupying 50% of tumor expansion. Fistula complications of colonic malignancy have rarely been reported and more commonly occur as complications of diverticulitis. Colocolic fistulae are atypical consequences of colon cancer, which have been rarely reported. We wish to report a unique case …

Celastrol Restricts Experimental Periodontitis Related Alveolar Bone Loss By Suppressing Inflammatory Cytokine Response, Ahmet Altin, Meltem Zi̇hni̇ Korkmaz, Mehtap Atak, Tolga Mercantepe, Hülya Kiliç Yilmaz

BioMedicine

Introduction: Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth. The host defense mechanisms are responsible for inflamatuar and destructive reactions in periodontitis. Celastrol is one of the most promising components of the plant in Eastern and Southern China that has a long history of use in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Aim: The aim of this animal study was to inspect the preventive or restrictive effects of celastrol on periodontitis-related inflammatory host response and alveolar bone loss. Methods: 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into …

Hematological Biomarkers Of Troponin, Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio, And Monocyte-Tolymphocyte Ratio Serve As Effective Predictive Indicators Of High-Risk Mortality In Acute, Bryan Gervais De Liyis, Angela Faustine Ciaves, Marwa Humaira Intizam, Pierre Joshua Jusuf, I Made Junior Rina Artha

BioMedicine

Background: Assessing high-risk mortality in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, encompassing ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI), and Unstable Angina Pectoris (UAP), is crucial. However, the prognostic significance of hematological parameters in predicting high-risk mortality in ACS patients remains uncertain despite advancements in ACS research. Aim: The aim was to investigate prognostic significance of hematological parameters troponin, Creatine Kinase-MB (CKMB), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR), Basophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (BLR), and Eosinophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (ELR) levels in predicting high-risk mortality in ACS patients. Methods: In this retrospective observational study, data from medical records of 115 patients with …

Efficacy Of Hmj-38, A New Quinazolinone Analogue, Against The Gemcitabine-Resistant Mia-Paca-2 Pancreatic Cancer Cells, Mann-Jen Hour, Fuu‑ Jen Tsai, I-Lu Lai, Je-Wei Tsao, Jo-Hua Chiang, Yu-Jen Chiu, Hsing-Fang Lu, Yu‑ Ning Juan, Jai-Sing Yang, Shih-Chang Tsai

BioMedicine

Gemcitabine is frequently utilized to treat pancreatic cancer. The purpose of our study was to create a gemcitabine-resistant MIA-PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cell line (MIAGR100) and to evaluate the anti-pancreatic cancer efficacy of HMJ-38, a new quinazolinone analogue. Compared to their parental counterparts, MIA-PaCa-2, established MIA-GR100 cells were less sensitive to gemcitabine. MIA-GR100 cell viability was not affected by 10, 50, or 100 nM gemcitabine concentrations. HMJ-38 reduced MIA-GR100 cell growth and induced autophagy and apoptosis. When stained with monodansylcadaverine (MDC), acridine orange (AO), and terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), MIA-GR100 cells shrunk, punctured their membranes, and produced …

Chemical Composition, Mineral Profile, Anti-Bacterial, And Wound Healing Properties Of Snail Slime Of Helix Aspersa Müller, Marouane Aouji, Amine Rkhaila, Bouchra Bouhaddioui, Malak Zirari, Hala Harifi, Youness Taboz, Lalla Aicha Lrhorfi, Rachid Bengueddour

BioMedicine

Mucus is a substance made by snails that serves a variety of purposes and is increasingly employed in the medical and cosmetic industries. It includes bioactive compounds with a range of biological characteristics that could be useful in the treatment of particular issues. This study assessed the wound-healing efficiency, antibacterial activity, chemical and mineral composition of Helix aspersa Müller slime. Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used for mineral analysis, while Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was used for chemical characterization. The findings showed that the H. aspersa Müller slime had inhibitory activity on …

Mutation Patterns Of Integrase Gene Affect Antiretroviral Resistance In Various Non-B Subtypes Of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 And Their Implications For Patients’ Therapy, Fauzia Andrini Djojosugito, Arfianti Arfianti, Rudi , Wisaksana, Agnes Rengga Indrati

BioMedicine

Although primary integrase strand transfer inhibitor resistance mutations are currently uncommon, the increasing use of integrase strand transfer inhibitor as a key component of the first, second and third-line antiretroviral regimens suggests that the prevalence of integrase drug resistance mutations will likely increase. The rise of several polymorphic mutations and natural polymorphisms also affects the level of susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type-1 to integrase strand transfer inhibitor. The considerable variability among the various subtypes of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 may contribute to differences in integrase mutations associated with integrase strand transfer inhibitors. Notably, non-B subtypes of HIV type-1 …

Gardner, Ed, Ethan Bent

Querying the Past: LGBTQ Maine Oral History Project Collection

Ed Gardner is a 62 year old gay male currently living in Falmouth and working in Portland. He grew up in Lewiston Maine and moved to Portland as a young adult. Starting from scratch, Ed was able to buy and sell buildings and found tremendous success over his long career as a real estate agent. Over the course of his life, Ed has fundraised and donated to a variety of Maine’s LGBTQ organizations. He was involved directly with the establishment of the Equality Community Center by first hosting LGBTQ tenants in his office space, and then helping to raise money …

Transgender And Gender Non-Conforming Leaders And Leadership: A Foundational And Integrative Review, Galen J. Talis

Libraries

Gender and leadership research has traditionally employed a binary framework, overlooking the experiences of transgender and gender non-conforming (TGNC) leaders and forcing leaders of all genders and intersectional identities into a dichotomous frame. This paper reviewed interdisciplinary literature using a robust search strategy in three academic databases and Google Scholar, as well as across eight leadership studies journals. Sixteen sources involving 440 leaders’ experiences were found. The author conducted a thematic analysis to explore how TGNC leaders’ experiences challenge and advance leadership theories, deepen understanding of discrimination, and offer ways to support their emergence and success. TGNC leaders’ experiences bring …

Origin Of Differences In Child Maltreatment Between Italy And America, Morgan Huff

Honors College Theses

There is a distinct difference between the rates of child abuse and neglect in the United States and Italy. Specifically, the United States has a higher rate of child maltreatment than Italy (Bernacchi et al., 2016; Finkelhor et al., 2009). There is also variation in the types of maltreatment that the children suffer within each country (Bernacchi et al., 2016; Mehta et al., 2023). This literature review analyzes potential explanations for these differences in rates of child maltreatment by examining the ways in which this maltreatment may be impacted by access to health insurance, religion, family structure, education, poverty, and …

The Rider (2023-11-27), Natalie Lapsley

The Rider Archives

Vol.9 No.13

What Do You Want To Be When You Grow Up?, Alissa Johnson

High Impact Practices Student Showcase Fall 2023

The purpose of my project is to explain my point-of-view of how 4310 Service-Learning: Marine Conservation & Restoration has changed my outlook of this career field and how its influenced me to want to continue in this major. I discuss how three amazing women teach me about oysters (Katherine Harris, Tara Blanchard, and Kelsey Mack) and how they found their voice in a male heavy career field. I also touch on the opportunities I took like mangrove gardening, trail camera footage of Cape Canaveral, and a beach clean-up, just to name a few and how the community plays a huge …

Models Of Classroom Assessment For Course-Based Research Experiences, David I. Hanauer, Tong Zhang, Mark J. Graham, Sandra D. Adams, Yesmi Patricia Ahumada-Santos, Richard M. Alvey, Mauricio S. Antunes, Mary A. Ayuk, María Elena Báez-Flores, Christa T. Bancroft

Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Course-based research pedagogy involves positioning students as contributors to authentic research projects as part of an engaging educational experience that promotes their learning and persistence in science. To develop a model for assessing and grading students engaged in this type of learning experience, the assessment aims and practices of a community of experienced course-based research instructors were collected and analyzed. This approach defines four aims of course-based research assessment—(1) Assessing Laboratory Work and Scientific Thinking; (2) Evaluating Mastery of Concepts, Quantitative Thinking and Skills; (3) Appraising Forms of Scientific Communication; and (4) Metacognition of Learning—along with a set of practices …

Multidisciplinary Care For Women With Aortic Disease: The Way To Improve Disparities, Rana O Afifi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

A Global Faostat Reference Database Of Cropland Nutrient Budgets And Nutrient Use Efficiency (1961–2020): Nitrogen, Phosphorus And Potassium, Cameron I. Ludemann, Nathan Wanner, Pauline Chivenge, Achim Dobermann, Rasmus Einarsson, Patricio Grassini, Armelle Gruere, Kevin Jackson, Luis Lassaletta, Federico Maggi, Griffiths Obli-Laryea, Martin K. Van Ittersum, Srishti Vishwakarma, Xin Zhang, Francesco N. Tubiello

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Nutrient budgets help to identify the excess or insufficient use of fertilizers and other nutrient sources in agriculture. They allow for the calculation of indicators, such as the nutrient balance (surplus if positive or deficit if negative) and nutrient use efficiency, that help to monitor agricultural productivity and sustainability across the world. We present a global database of country-level budget estimates for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) on cropland. The database, disseminated in FAOSTAT, is meant to provide a global reference, synthesizing and continuously updating the state of the art on this topic. The database covers 205 countries …

Using Genetic Comparisons Of Populations From Arizona, Mexico, And Texas To Investigate Fall Armyworm Migration In The American Southwest, Rodney N. Nagoshi, Ashley E. Tessnow, Yves Carrière, Jeff Bradshaw Dr., Kyle Harrington, Gregory A. Sword, Robert L. Meagher

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

Fall armyworm (FAW) is a global agricultural pest, causing substantial economic losses in corn and many other crops. Complicating efforts to control this pest is its capacity for long distance flights, which has been described in greatest detail for the central and eastern sections of the United States. FAW infestations are also routinely found in agricultural areas in southern Arizona, which lie beyond the western limits of the mapped migratory pathways. Climate suitability analysis found that the affected Arizona locations cannot support permanent FAW populations, indicating that these FAW most likely arise from annual migrations. A better understanding of this …

Uab Professor Honored By The National Association Of Biology Teachers For Innovation In Classroom Curriculum And Strategy, Micah Hardge

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Exploring The Ethics Of Human Space Travel: Navigating The Challenges And Implications Of Missions Past, Present, And Future, Emily A. Brettschneider

Honors Theses

This comprehensive exploration delves into the multifaceted landscape of human space travel, spanning physiological challenges, astronaut training, spacecraft manufacturing, ethical considerations, societal influences, and technological frontiers. The study elucidates the physiological impacts of microgravity on astronauts, emphasizing the necessity of personalized interventions and rigorous exercise protocols. Psychological dimensions, including isolation, interpersonal dynamics, and support systems, emerge as critical considerations. Astronaut training is dissected, encompassing physical conditioning, systems proficiency, and cultural competence. The paper delves into spacecraft manufacturing, emphasizing adherence to stringent standards, quality control measures, and the integration of additive manufacturing. Space governance challenges, the role of the private sector, …