Digital Commons Network^™

Modeling The Transmission Dynamics Of Tuberculosis In Humans, Farida Kisinda, Joshua A. Mwasunda, Mbwiga S. Aloni

Tanzania Journal of Science

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major threat to human health particularly in most of developing countries. In this article, we formulate and analyze a deterministic model for the transmission dynamics of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. The next generation method is employed to find the basic reproduction number which helps to determine whether TB clears or persists in the human population. Global stability of model equilibria is done through Lyapunov functions whereas the normalized forward sensitivity index method is adopted to determine parameters that drive tuberculosis. Analysis shows that both TB free and endemic equilibria exist. The TB free equilibrium is globally …

The Effects Of Algal Blooms On Oxygen Levels In Lakes Babati And Eyasi, Tanzania, Amelia S. Buriyo, Nyatwere D. Mganga, Mary Melchiory

Tanzania Journal of Science

Globally aquatic ecosystems are reportedly overwhelmed by algal blooms due to excessive deposition of nutrients which ultimately cause hypoxia, leading to massive fish death. This study aimed at assessing the relationship between algae contents and dissolved oxygen (DO) in Lake Babati which is threatened by anthropogenic activities, whereas Lake Eyasi was used as a control. Algae contents (chlorophyll a), DO and surface water temperature were measured using standard methods. Results revealed that the mean algae content was significantly higher (4.47±0.88 mg/L) in Lake Babati than in Lake Eyasi (1.6±0.45 mg/L) (P < 0.05) and was beyond the standard permissible levels for domestic water supply and healthy ecosystem. Conversely, DO was significantly lower in Lake Babati than in Lake Eyasi (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in water temperature in the two lakes (P > 0.05). Furthermore, there was an inverse relationship between algae …

The Role Of Innovative Marketing In Enhancing Creativity Of Industrial Organizations, Ghfran Ahmed Khalf, Sheffaa Mohammed Ali

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

Innovative marketing has become a basic pillar that countries and industrial companies rely on to achieve creativity in their work, a true criterion for their success and failure, and an essential element for their profit or loss. Innovative marketing has become an urgent necessity and there is no way to ignore it, because of its vital therefore, industrial organizations must shift from traditional marketing to innovative marketing and think outside traditional frameworks by constantly keeping pace with development, encouraging innovation, generating modern ideas, and adopting the concept of creativity by following modern and innovative marketing means and methods based on …

What Is Trauma?: From Science To Social Justice, Judith Fleetwood Carlisle

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

In recent years, the term “trauma” has become increasingly controversial. Many of these controversies revolve around the definition of trauma, and the way that this definition varies across contexts. What kinds of experience can plausibly be considered “traumatic”? In some contexts, the standards are incredibly permissive, while others are much more restrictive. These different ways of understanding “trauma” prompts an important question: Who has the authority to define trauma? In other words, who decides which conception of trauma is the most “legitimate” – who decides when an experience is or is not traumatic? My project attempts to answer these questions …

Inference For Time Series In Change Points And Statistical Learning, Jiaqi Li

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

This study aims to develop a comprehensive framework for inference theory in time series, with a focus on change-point detection and online learning. First, we introduce an $\ell^2$-based inference approach for multiple change-point detection in high-dimensional time series, which targets dense or spatially clustered signals by a novel Two-Way MOSUM (moving sum) test statistic. We derive the limiting distribution of this $\ell^2$-aggregated statistic by extending the high-dimensional Gaussian approximation to non-stationary spatial-temporal processes. Simulation exhibits promising performance of our test in detecting non-sparse weak signals, and the application to COVID-19 analysis shows the real-world relevance of our method. Next, we …

Dimerization Of The Fluoride Channel Fluc In Membranes, Melanie Ernst

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Many ion channels are multi-subunit complexes where oligomerization is an obligatory requirement for function as the binding axis forms the charged permeation pathway. However, the mechanisms of assembly within the membrane are largely unknown. Are ion channel complexes thermodynamically stable, and do they participate in dynamic equilibrium oligomerization reactions in membranes? If so, what are the molecular factors governing these reactions? In this thesis, I present several key advances in the study of ion channel oligomerization in membranes through quantitative studies of the dimerization equilibrium reaction of the inverted topology, homodimeric fluoride channel Fluc in lipid bilayers. Chapter 1 provides …

Essays On Industrial Organization, Hayley Wabiszewski

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Big pharma is increasingly using acquisitions to fill their R&D pipelines and the proliferation of the biotechnology industry has created a thick market of innovative target startups. This dissertation analyzes the dynamic equilibrium effects of biotech startup acquisitions by big pharma on drug innovation and entry. Using a novel dataset on 175 acquired startups from 2000 - 2018, I document several new facts regarding the R&D outcomes of acquired drug projects and entry behavior of startups in markets where acquisitions occur. Motivated by this evidence, I build a dynamic oligopoly model of the pharmaceutical industry featuring big firms and startups …

Permasalahan Guru Dalam Pembelajaran Keterampilan Seni Rupa Platform Digital Masa Pandemi Di Sekolah Menengah Pertama, Eka Kursita Manda Agustina, Iriaji Iriaji, Denik Ristya Rini

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the learning of skills, especially in Fine Arts subjects in Indonesia. The online learning process is applied as an alternative solution to create substitute learning for learning in schools. Digital platforms such as information and communication technology media are used as alternative media in online learning of Fine Arts. The existence of these alternative media creates new problems for Fine Arts teachers in online learning. This study aims to uncover various problems and solutions for teachers in learning Visual Arts skills on a digital platform during the pandemic at SMPN 2 Malang. This research method …

Pengembangan Learning Management Platform Berbasis Web Materi Tata Surya Kelas Vii Smp Sebagai Upaya Keberpihakan Pada Peserta Didik, Lady El Rida, Deny Setiawan

Journal of Innovation and Teacher Professionalism

The purpose of this research was to develop the final product of the Web-based Learning Management Platform for Solar System Materials for seventh grade students as an effort to favor learning to students by paying attention to students' learning styles. There were three sub topics, this product has a main page, main menu, apperception section, learning topics, integrated LKPD Live worksheets, teaching materials with media content such as images and videos, there were also interesting quizzes, reflection sheets, and contained creator information. Web-based Learning Management Platform for Solar System materials can be used online using any device and anywhere. The …

The Differences In Maternal Clean And Healthy Living Behavior In The Incidence Of Stunting In Yogyakarta, Shafa Ramadhita, Anindhita Syahbi Syagata, Nor Eka Noviani

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

An indirect cause of stunting is maternal behavior. Moreover, good nutritional knowledge relates to good nutritional behaviors. Maternal clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) in daily life can reduce the risk of infectious diseases and be role models for children in implementing their future health behavior. The study aims to investigate the differences in PHBS of mothers in the incidence of stunting ages 24-59 months in the Minggir Primary Health Center working area. The cross-sectional approach of this research was conducted from March to April 2023. The subjects of this study were 69 respondents selected by cluster random sampling. The …

Relationship Of Stress And Other Factors With Emotional Eating Among Adolescents In Depok, Muthia Syifa Rahmadina, Asih Setiarini

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Emotional eating is an overeating behavior as a coping mechanism for negative emotions that emerges in adolescence. Emotional eating causes obesity, eating disorders, and non-communicable diseases. This study aims to determine the relationship between stress, body image, peer influence, parental rearing styles, social media use, sex, sleep quality, and emotion regulation with emotional eating among adolescents at senior high school in Depok. This cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted online in March 2022. The samples were grade X and XI students from senior high school in Depok who were chosen by using purposive sampling techniques (n=174). Chi X2 test and Mann …

Determinant Factors Of The Incidence Of Low Birth Weight In Central Java Province: Analysis Of 2018 Basic Health Research Data, Desi Irawati, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Diah Mulyawati Utari, Fadila Wirawan

Indonesian Journal of Public Health Nutrition (IJPHN)

Low birth weight (LBW) is a global public health issue with significant short and long-term consequences for individuals and societies. This study aims to examine the most dominant risk and variations in the proportion of LBW based on fetal factors, maternal and obstetric factors, and sociodemographic factors among toddlers in Central Java Province, utilizing the 2018 Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) data. The study used a cross-sectional study conducted on 4255 samples, utilizing univariate, bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate analysis (multiple logistic regression). Central Java has the 3rd highest number of LBW cases in Indonesia with a prevalence of 6.1%. However, univariate …

Extracurricular Enterprise And Entrepreneurship Activities In Higher Education: Understanding Entrepreneurial Competencies And Capabilities, Sarah Preedy, Emily Beaumont

Plymouth Business School

This chapter examines the role extracurricular activities have in developing higher education (HE) student’s entrepreneurial competencies and capabilities. Specifically, this chapter examines: What type of students participate in extracurricular activities? Why do students choose to participate? and What activities offer for entrepreneurial competency and capability development. An electronic survey (e-survey) collected pre-and post-data from two groups: Group A – students participating in extracurricular enterprise and entrepreneurship (EEEx) activities (n = 119); and Group B – students engaged in non-enterprise-related extracurricular activities (n = 72). Findings indicated that students in both groups were motivated to engage in extracurricular activities to enhance …

A Sublethal Concentration Of Chlorine Induces Antibiotic Resistance In Salmonella Via Production Of Reactive Oxygen Species, Mohammed Aljuwayd, Israa Abdullah Malli, Steven C. Ricke, Young Min Kwon

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Studies have shown that the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is triggered by bactericidal antibiotics, which contributes significantly to the killing of bacterial cells and increasing mutations in surviving cells. In this study, we hypothesized that exposure of Salmonella to sublethal concentrations of hypochlorite (NaOCl), a commonly used sanitizer in household and food industries increases mutation rates, leading to the development of antibiotic resistance. We found that a sublethal concentration (20 ppm) of NaOCl increased the mutation rates of S. typhimurium 14028s significantly (p < 0.05), which was prevented by the ROS scavenger thiourea, supporting that the increased mutation was due to NaOCl-triggered ROS production. We further found that the exposure of S. typhimurium 14028s to the same sublethal concentration of NaOCl increases resistance to kanamycin among the 3 antibiotics evaluated. The results of this study suggest that when NaOCl applied as a sanitizer fails to kill Salmonella due to diluted local concentrations or presence of organic materials, it can cause an adverse outcome of developing antibiotic resistance of the pathogen.

Core Planar Cell Polarity Genes Vangl1 And Vangl2 In Predisposition To Congenital Vertebral Malformations, Xin Feng, Yongyu Ye, Jianan Zhang, Yuanqiang Zhang, Sen Zhao, Judith C W Mak, Nao Otomo, Zhengye Zhao, Yuchen Niu, Yoshiro Yonezawa, Guozhuang Li, Mao Lin, Xiaoxin Li, Prudence Wing Hang Cheung, Kexin Xu, Kazuki Takeda, Shengru Wang, Junjie Xie, Toshiaki Kotani, Vanessa N T Choi, You-Qiang Song, Yang Yang, Keith Dip Kei Luk, Kin Shing Lee, Ziquan Li, Pik Shan Li, Connie Y H Leung, Xiaochen Lin, Xiaolu Wang, Guixing Qiu, Disco (Deciphering Disorders Involving Scoliosis And Comorbidities) Study Group, Kota Watanabe, Japanese Early Onset Scoliosis Research Group, Zhihong Wu, Jennifer E Posey, Shiro Ikegawa, James R Lupski, Jason Pui Yin Cheung, Terry Jianguo Zhang, Bo Gao, Nan Wu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Congenital scoliosis (CS) is the most common congenital spinal disorder caused by congenital vertebral malformations (CVMs), influenced by genetic and environmental factors and exhibiting diverse clinical presentations. Here, we identified the critical roles of Vangl1 and Vangl2, two core components in the Wnt/planar cell polarity (Wnt/PCP) signaling pathway, in vertebral development and in predisposition to CVMs in CS patients. We found that in Vangl mutant mouse models, the CVMs present in a Vangl gene dose- and gestational hypoxia-dependent manner. Our studies reveal a complex etiology of CS and its association with Wnt/PCP signaling.

The Variety Of Mechanosensitive Ion Channels In R/Etinal Neurons, Ji-Jie Pang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Alterations in intraocular and external pressure critically involve the pathogenesis of glaucoma, traumatic retinal injury (TRI), and other retinal disorders, and retinal neurons have been reported to express multiple mechanical-sensitive channels (MSCs) in recent decades. However, the role of MSCs in visual functions and pressure-related retinal conditions has been unclear. This review will focus on the variety and functional significance of the MSCs permeable to K+, Na+, and Ca2+, primarily including the big potassium channel (BK); the two-pore domain potassium channels TRAAK and TREK; Piezo; the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC); and the transient receptor potential channels vanilloid TRPV1, TRPV2, and …

Transdermal Delivery Of Ketoprofen For Osteoarthritis Treatment And Management: A Literature Review On Current Progression, Dwi Asih Ramadhani, Yahdiana Harahap, Erny Sagita, Kartika Citra Dewi Permata Sari, Rr. Kirana Andranilla, Jessica Trisina, Gabriella Frederika Punu, Delly Ramadon

Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research

Arthritis, a diverse spectrum of joint disorders, is characterized by chronic pain and inflammation. Osteoarthritis (OA), the most prevalent form, leads to disabling pain, functional limitations, and reduced mobility. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for managing OA pain, with ketoprofen recognized as one of the effective options. However, oral administration of ketoprofen may cause gastrointestinal irritation. Addressing this issue, Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems (TDDS) emerge as a promising alternative route of administration. TDDS facilitates delivery of various drugs through the skin without undergoing first-pass metabolism. Recent studies have centered on enhancing ketoprofen’s transdermal delivery, particularly focusing on different …

Developing Standards For Psma 2009 Implementing Port And Its Implementation In Indonesia, Akhmad Solihin, Darmawan Darmawan, Muhammad F.A. Sondita, Ari Purbayanto

Indonesian Journal of International Law

The ratified countries of PSMA 2009 are mandated to determine their implementing port without specifying any particular standards. The presence of port standards will ensure the effectiveness of services in preventing and eradicating IUU Fishing. Therefore, standards are needed to optimize the main objectives of the 2009 PSMA, especially in Indonesia, an archipelagic country with diverse fishing port classes and different management systems between general cargo ports and fishing ports. The objectives of this research are (1) to develop service standards for ports implementing PSMA 2009 and (2) to examine the readiness of ports implementing PSMA 2009 to prevent IUU …

The Evolution Of Patient Experience: From Holistic Care To Human Experience, Corey Adams, Reema Harrison, Jason A. Wolf

Patient Experience Journal

Patient experience has evolved as a critical concept and outcome in health systems internationally. Evolving from consumer-led movements, coupled with shifts in the positioning of patients among clinical professions, the global focus on patient experience is now evident in nationally mandated measurement tools, the creation of dedicated institutional leadership roles, and outlets such as the Patient Experience Journal. By critically analysing the pivotal factors and milestones that have shaped its evolution throughout healthcare history, this review provides an in-depth exploration of the evolution of patient experience. In doing so, the review provides a critical analysis of the application of patient …

Full Issue, The Migrant

The Migrant - Tennessee Ornithological Society

No abstract provided.

Full Issue, The Migrant

The Migrant - Tennessee Ornithological Society

No abstract provided.

Applying Systems Thinking To Navigate The Global Regulatory Complexity Problem For Post-Approval Changes, Emma Ramnarine, Anders Vinther

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science

The complex global problem of managing post-approval changes (PACs) and its significant constraint on manufacturers’ agility to continuously improve and address supply chain challenges has been known for over two decades. Attempts to solve the problem so far have not been successful, partly because this has been treated as a complicated and not a complex problem.

Data from over 145,000 PACs across 156 countries reveals the severity of the issue; a global PAC rarely receives unanimous global approval within the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended review timeline of six months. This leads to a significant time lag between the acquisition of …

One-Voice-Of-Quality (1vq) Industry Position Paper: Changes To Analytical Equipment/Instrumentation That Are Deemed Equivalent, Richard Rolke, Emma Ramnarine

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science

Post-approval changes are inevitable and necessary throughout the lifecycle of pharmaceutical products to implement new knowledge, maintain a state of control, and drive continual improvement.

This One-Voice-of-Quality (1VQ) position paper is part of a series of industry case studies intended to demonstrate the standard application of the principles outlined in the publication “Effective Management of Post-Approval Changes in the Pharmaceutical Quality System (PQS) - Through Enhanced Science and Risk-Based Approaches Industry; One-Voice-of-Quality (1VQ) Solutions” in PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 2020.

Furthermore, this 1VQ position paper provides a practical application of the concepts described in ICH Q9, Quality …

One-Voice-Of-Quality (1vq) Industry Position Paper: Shelf-Life Extensions For Pharmaceutical Products, Nasir Egal, Kevin Lombardi

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science

Post-approval changes (PACs) are inevitable and necessary throughout the lifecycle of pharmaceutical products - to implement new knowledge, maintain a state of control, and drive continual improvement.

This One-Voice-Of-Quality (1VQ) paper is part of a series of industry case studies intended to demonstrate the standard application of the principles outlined in the publication “Effective Management of Post-Approval Changes in the Pharmaceutical Quality System (PQS) - Through Enhanced Science and Risk-Based Approaches Industry; One-Voice-of-Quality (1VQ) Solutions” in PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 2020.

Furthermore, this 1VQ paper provides a practical application of the concepts described in …

The Ongoing Journey Of The One Voice Of Quality For Post-Approval Changes (1vq For Pac) Initiative, Anders Vinther, Emma Ramnarine

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Regulatory Science

Since 2018, the Chief Quality Officers (CQOs) of the top 25 pharma companies have spoken with one voice of quality on the topic of post-approval changes (1VQ for PAC Initiative). The 1VQ for PAC Initiative has developed practical approaches to significantly reduce the complexity of the global PAC regulatory framework. This current framework poses a risk to the supply of products to patients, as it drastically slows innovation and continual improvement. The CQOs built on an opportunity from the ICH Q10 Guideline to earn regulatory flexibility, allowing management of more PACs in the Pharmaceutical Quality System (PQS) only …

College Of Charleston (Cofc) Experiential Learning Program In Ghana, Spring 2024, Matthew J. Zittritsch

Capstone Collection

This study evaluates the impact and outcomes of an experiential learning program in Ghana for students with a declared business major or minor at the College of Charleston. The research focuses on the personal, academic, and professional growth experienced by program participants, as well as their immersion in Ghanaian culture and entrepreneurial experiences. The study utilizes the ADDIE model, encompassing the stages of Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate, to assess the program's effectiveness. The qualitative data collected provides a holistic overview of the participants' experiences and perceptions, allowing for the identification of areas of success and improvement. The findings …

346-Evolutionary Genomics Of Meiotic Drive In T. Whitei, Ariana Cookinham

GREAT Day Posters

Meiotic drive violates the fundamental law of segregation, changing allele inheritance from 50% to 100% of the time. An extreme sex-ratio meiotic drive (SR) trait is an X-linked selfish genetic element (SGE) which causes the carrier males to produce mostly female offspring. The presence of this traithas been identified in two stalk-eyed fly species,Teleopsis whiteiandTeleopsis dalmanni. InT. dalmanni, there are hundreds of differentially expressed genes, with virtually all gene expression and sequence differences confined to the X chromosome; however, this does not appear to be the case inT. whiteiin which only a few meiotic drive-associated differences appear, some of which …

267-The Role Of Yap And Pyap In Retinal Regeneration Of Zebrafish, Muwafaq Ibrahim

GREAT Day Posters

A remarkable feature of Zebrafish, not found in mammals, is their ability to regenerate their retinal cells. Even during the later stages of development in adulthood, this ability does not waiver. After sustaining damage to the retina, Humans are unable to recover, which makes studying the mechanism of Zebrafish regeneration of great importance and relevance. Understanding the differences could help further advances toward discovering cures for blindness in Humans one day. The Hippo (Hpo) pathway is a signaling pathway in animals that ultimately controls the size of organs by either promoting or inhibiting cell division. Activation of the pathway leads …

263-Developing A Portable System Of Environmental Dna (Edna) Surveillance To Monitor Fish Population Dynamics And Detect Invasive Species In Conesus Lake And The Philippine Seas, Morgan Comstock

GREAT Day Posters

Climate change is an increasing threat to many ecosystems worldwide. Due to global warming, many species are under threat of extinction while others are forced into unusual patterns of migration. For example, the ‘Round Scad’ fish in the Philippines, which is a cheap source of protein in the diet of common citizens, is rapidly declining in both population and body size. In this project, we aim to develop a cheap, rapid, and sensitive method of monitoring the population dynamics of this fish and other marine species in the wild. Recently, a new method called environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has been …

252-Long-Term Trends In Dominance Of Mustard Hill Coral In San Salvador Reefs, Michaela Cawley

GREAT Day Posters

Corals throughout the Caribbean have been declining in abundance for the past three decades, yet one stony coral species commonly known as Mustard Hill (Porites astreoides) has become more dominant. However, a recent study conducted in the Virgin Islands showed that Mustard Hill coral populations have declined. Our research team studied corals in previously surveyed reefs around San Salvador Island, The Bahamas, to determine the trajectory of Mustard Hill populations. Specifically, we wanted to know if the populations had changed since they were last studied in 2019. Data on coral species abundance and percent cover were collected at both Rocky …