Digital Commons Network^™

Phylogenomics Recovers Multiple Origins Of Portable Case Making In Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera), Nature's Underwater Architects, Paul B. Frandsen, Ralph W. Holzenthal, Marianne Espeland, Jesse Breinholt, Jessica A. Thomas Thorpe, Sabrina Simon, Akito Y. Kawahara, David Plotkin, Scott Hotaling, Yiyuan Li, C. Riley Nelson, Oliver Niehuis, Christoph Mayer, Lars Podsiadlowski, Alexander Donath, Bernhard Misof, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Alan Lemmon, John C. Morse, Shanlin Liu, Steffen U. Pauls, Xin Zhou

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Caddisflies (Trichoptera) are among the most diverse groups of freshwater animals with more than 16 000 describes species. They play a fundamental role in freshwater ecology and environmental engineering in streams, rivers and lakes. Because of this, they are frequently used as indicator organisms in biomonitoring programmes. Despite their importance, key questions concerning the evolutionary history of caddisflies, such as the timing and origin of larval case making, remain unanswered owing to the lack of a well-resolved phylogeny. Here, we estimated a phylogenetic tree using a combination of transcriptomes and targeted enrichment data for 207 species, representing 48 of 52 …

Investigating The Role Of Betrayal Blindness Between High Betrayal Trauma And Dating Violence Among Young Mothers Maltreated As Children, Lauren Catherine Wallace

Theses and Dissertations

Young mothers experience greater rates of dating violence (DV) victimization and perpetration compared to their non-parenting, female peers as well as older mothers (Joly & Connolly, 2016). Child maltreatment is a salient predictor of DV victimization and perpetration (Li et al., 2019; Murphy et al., 2020). According to Betrayal Trauma Theory (BTT), child maltreatment perpetrated by a close loved one, such as a parent or primary caregiver, is defined as a high betrayal trauma (Freyd, 1996). Young mothers who experienced a high betrayal trauma may endorse betrayal blindness as a way to cope with abuse from their caregiver (Freyd & …

Reach, Rachel Immel

Theses

Reach is a 2D digitally animated short film that is dedicated to exploring the sacrifices that are made to achieve our dreams. The story of my graduate thesis film follows Moe, a subterrestrial bat-like creature that dreams of being able to see the sky for the first time. Feeling suffocated by his dark and cramped surroundings, he rushes toward the surface as soon as a busted rusty pipe provides what appears to be an opening to the surface. What he does not know is that he is venturing into danger that will change him forever. This project is inspired by …

Serum From Patients With Cirrhosis Undergoing Liver Transplantation Induces Permeability In Human Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells, Michael Bokoch, Fengyun Xu, Krishna Govindaraju, Elliot Lloyd, Kyle Tsutsui, Rishi Kothari, Dieter Adelmann, Jérémie Joffre, Judith Hellman

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Patients with cirrhosis undergoing liver transplantation frequently exhibit systemic inflammation, coagulation derangements, and edema, indicating endothelial dysfunction. This syndrome may worsen after ischemia-reperfusion injury of the liver graft, coincident with organ dysfunction that worsens patient outcomes. Little is known about changes in endothelial permeability during liver transplantation. We hypothesized that sera from these patients would increase permeability in cultured human endothelial cells

METHODS: Adults with cirrhosis presenting for liver transplantation provided consent for blood collection during surgery. Sera were prepared at five time points spanning the entire operation. The barrier function of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in culture …

Sexually Antagonistic Coevolution Of The Male Nuptial Gift And Female Feeding Behaviour In Decorated Crickets, Samuel Burns-Dunn, Tassie Mortys, Clarissa M. House, Christopher Mitchell, Kristin R. Duffield, Bert Foquet, Ben M. Sadd, Scott K. Sakaluk, John Hunt

Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences

The evolution of nuptial gifts has traditionally been considered a harmonious affair, providing benefits to both mating partners. There is growing evidence, however, that receiving a nuptial gift can be actively detrimental to the female. In decorated crickets (Gryllodes sigillatus), males produce a gelatinous spermatophylax that enhances sperm transfer but provides little nutritional benefit and hinders female post-copulatory mate choice. Here, we examine the sexually antagonistic coevolution of the spermatophylax and the female feeding response to this gift in G. sigillatus maintained in experimental populations with either a male-biased or female-biased adult sex ratio. After 25 generations, males …

Human Centered Approaches And Taxonomies For Explainable Artificial Intelligence, Helen Sheridan, Emma Murphy, Dympna O'Sullivan

Conference papers

Recent interest within the research community related to explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has led to a profuse amount of literature on the subject. Those who wish to tackle the domain from an HCI focus may be presented with overwhelming material, most of which does not pertain to human aspects of XAI. Taxonomies can serve to categorize a subject into topic areas and distill content into an overview of the field. This late breaking work intends to help those within the HCI community with a focus on XAI to understand relevant aspects of human centered XAI. We also present a taxonomy …

The Protective Efficacy Of A Sars-Cov-2 Vaccine Candidate B1351v Against Several Variant Challenges In K18-Hace2 Mice, Jie Yang, Huifen Fan, Anna Yang, Wenhui Wang, Xin Wan, Fengjie Lin, Dongsheng Yang, Jie Wu, Kaiwen Wang, Wei Li, Qian Cai, Lei You, Deqin Pang, Jia Lu, Changfu Guo, Jinrong Shi, Yan Sun, Xinguo Li, Kai Duan, Shuo Shen, Shengli Meng, Jing Guo, Zejun Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) with increased transmissibility and partial resistance to neutralization by antibodies has been observed globally. There is an urgent need for an effective vaccine to combat these variants. Our study demonstrated that the B.1.351 variant inactivated vaccine candidate (B.1.351V) generated strong binding and neutralizing antibody responses in BALB/c mice against the B.1.351 virus and other SARS-CoV-2 variants after two doses within 28 days. Immunized K18-hACE2 mice also exhibited elevated levels of live virus-neutralizing antibodies against various SARS-CoV-2 viruses. Following infection with these viruses, K18-hACE2 mice displayed a stable body weight, a high survival …

Sociology Between The Gaps Volume 9 (2024)

Sociology Between the Gaps: Forgotten and Neglected Topics

No abstract provided.

High Sugar Diet Alters Immune Function And The Gut Microbiome In Juvenile Green Iguanas (Iguana Iguana), Kwanho C. Ki, Erin L. Lewis, Elizabeth Wu, Francis J. Oliaro, Lise M. Aubry, Charles R. Knapp, Karen M. Kapheim, Dale Denardo, Susannah S. French

Biology Faculty Publications

The present work aimed to study whether a high sugar diet can alter immune responses and the gut microbiome in green iguanas. Thirty-six iguanas were split into four treatment groups using a 2x2 design. Iguanas received either a sugar-supplemented diet or a control diet, and either a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection or a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) injection. Iguanas were given their respective diet treatment through the entire study (~3 months) and received a primary immune challenge 1 and 2 months into the experiment. Blood samples and cloacal swabs were taken at various points in the experiment and used to measure changes …

Novel Antivirals Unveiled Against Acute And Persistent Coxsackievirus B3 Infection Via Rapid Screening, Maria Del Mar Villanueva Guzman

Master's Theses

Enteroviruses cause 10 to 15 million infections annually in the United States, and Coxsackievirus B3 is one of the most commonly reported. Coxsackieviruses may become persistent, characterized as a viral infection that is not cleared from host cells and that generates a continuous infection. Patients who develop persistent CVB3 infection may not respond to the same antivirals as an acute infection, which may be detrimental. Therefore, there is a need for broad-range antiviral drugs to combat acute and persistent CVB3 infection, as there is no well-accepted treatment available. We developed a model system to study persistent CVB3 using a pancreatic …

Novel Antivirals Unveiled Against Acute And Persistent Coxsackievirus B3 Infection Via Rapid Screening, Maria Del Mar Villanueva Guzman

Master's Theses

Enteroviruses cause 10 to 15 million infections annually in the United States, and Coxsackievirus B3 is one of the most commonly reported. Coxsackieviruses may become persistent, characterized as a viral infection that is not cleared from host cells and that generates a continuous infection. Patients who develop persistent CVB3 infection may not respond to the same antivirals as an acute infection, which may be detrimental. Therefore, there is a need for broad-range antiviral drugs to combat acute and persistent CVB3 infection, as there is no well-accepted treatment available. We developed a model system to study persistent CVB3 using a pancreatic …

Expression And Secretion Of Sparc, Fgf-21 And Dcn In Bovine Muscle Cells: Effects Of Age And Differentiation, Katie A. Shira, Kara J. Thornton, Brenda M. Murdoch, Gabrielle M. Becker, Gwinyai E. Chibisa, Gordon K. Murdoch

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Skeletal muscle growth is an economically important trait in the cattle industry. Secreted muscle-derived proteins, referred to as myokines, have important roles in regulating the growth, metabolism, and health of skeletal muscle in human and biomedical research models. Accumulating evidence supports the importance of myokines in skeletal muscle and whole-body health, though little is known about the potential presence and functional significance of these proteins in cattle. This study evaluates and confirms that secreted proteins acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), myostatin (MSTN), and decorin (DCN) are …

Valorization Of Seafood Waste For Food Packaging Development, Zhijing Zhan, Yiming Feng, Jikai Zhao, Mingyu Qiao, Qing Jin

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Packaging plays a crucial role in protecting food by providing excellent mechanical properties as well as effectively blocking water vapor, oxygen, oil, and other contaminants. The low degradation of widely used petroleum-based plastics leads to environmental pollution and poses health risks. This has drawn interest in renewable biopolymers as sustainable alternatives. The seafood industry generates significant waste that is rich in bioactive substances like chitin, chitosan, gelatins, and alginate, which can replace synthetic polymers in food packaging. Although biopolymers offer biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity, their films often lack mechanical and barrier properties compared with synthetic polymer films. This comprehensive review …

A "Prime And Expand" Strategy Using The Multifunctional Fusion Proteins To Generate Memory-Like Nk Cells For Cell Therapy, Niraj Shrestha, Michelle Becker-Hapak, Mark Foster, Ethan Mcclain, Melissa M Berrien-Elliott, Todd A Fehniger, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) using memory-like (ML) natural killer (NK) cells, generated through overnight ex vivo activation with IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18, has shown promise for treating hematologic malignancies. We recently reported that a multifunctional fusion molecule, HCW9201, comprising IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 domains could replace individual cytokines for priming human ML NK cell programming ("Prime" step). However, this approach does not include ex vivo expansion, thereby limiting the ability to test different doses and schedules. Here, we report the design and generation of a multifunctional fusion molecule, HCW9206, consisting of human IL-7, IL-15, and IL-21 cytokines. We observed > 300-fold …

Task And Stimulus Coding In The Multiple-Demand Network, Sneha Shashidhara, Moataz Assem, Matthew F Glasser, John Duncan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In the human brain, a multiple-demand (MD) network plays a key role in cognitive control, with core components in lateral frontal, dorsomedial frontal and lateral parietal cortex, and multivariate activity patterns that discriminate the contents of many cognitive activities. In prefrontal cortex of the behaving monkey, different cognitive operations are associated with very different patterns of neural activity, while details of a particular stimulus are encoded as small variations on these basic patterns (Sigala et al, 2008). Here, using the advanced fMRI methods of the Human Connectome Project and their 360-region cortical parcellation, we searched for a similar result in …

Depression Screening For Nursing Home Residents, Victor Chukwuocha

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The project focused on depression among nursing home residents, an underrecognized and undertreated condition that affects quality of life. Few studies have been conducted on the subject of depression screening for nursing home residents, resulting in a lack of understanding among the nursing profession on managing specific conditions. At a nursing home, there was a need to address depression. The practice-focused question used in this project addressed the process of the translation of evidence to develop a staff education project for depression to enhance the knowledge of nurses working with nursing home residents. The project followed an evidence-based approach to …

A Case Of Gastrointestinal Coccidiomycosis With Bowel Perforation Secondary To Relapsing Dlbcl, Mohammed Ahsan, Angelina Browne, Zackary Anderson, Rebecca Witherell

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Coccidioides is a fungus endemic to the Southwestern United States, known for causing Valley Fever. While typically asymptomatic or presenting as a respiratory tract infection, rare cases of disseminated infection to the peritoneum have been reported. The patient in this case study presented with a small bowel obstruction, requiring an exploratory laparoscopy showing evidence of an inflammatory mass with a jejuna-colic fistula with adherence to the spleen. The patient underwent splenectomy with a cholecystectomy and small bowel resection. Intraabdominal cultures revealed Coccidioides, and so he started long-term antifungal treatment. The patient was also initiated on salvage chemotherapy for DLBCL, and …

Superior Mesenteric Artery Stenosis With Dissection Secondary To Fibromuscular Dysplasia : A Case Report, Jayasree Ravilla, Ping He, Steven Brant, Doantrang Du

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Superior Mesenteric Artery stenosis increases with advancing age and is usually associated with atherosclerosis or thrombosis. Mesenteric ischemia occurs when the blood flow to the visceral organs is inadequate to meet their metabolic needs. While it can be asymptomatic, the patient can experience chronic or acute mesenteric ischemia symptoms. Although not frequently encountered, SMA stenosis can be rarely caused by fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD). Here we report a case of a 66-year-old female with SMA stenosis and subsequent mesenteric ischemia secondary to FMD. The main objective of this case report is to raise awareness about the occurrence of mesenteric ischemia from …

Temporomandibular Joint Disorder And Anterior Scleritis As Initial Presentations Of Undiagnosed Rheumatoid Arthritis, Nazmul Hasan, Daniel Yang

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune inflammatory process that involves multiple organ systems. While symmetric joint swelling of the extremities are the most widely recognized symptoms, the disease can present in a myriad of different ways, of which scleritis and temporomandibular involvement are less recognized manifestations. While scleritis and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) may at times present in isolation, it is critical to consider their strong association with autoimmune disease as it allows for early diagnosis of inflammatory conditions and allow for the formulation of tailored treatment plans to halt their progression.

Cardiovascular Interventions In Patients With Active And Advanced Malignancy: An Updated Review, Fahad Waqar, Ayesha Sultan, Romeet Raja Bathija, Amin Mehmoodi, Jahanzeb Malik

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

In the context of active, advanced malignancies, the recommendation for invasive cardiac interventions is grounded primarily in evidence from trials focused on specific cardiovascular conditions. However, the inclusion of individuals with advanced malignancies in these trials has historically been limited, and the intricate interplay between cancer and cardiovascular disease poses unique challenges for treatment decisions. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the complex landscape of invasive cardiac interventions and their applicability in patients with active, advanced cancer. Our analysis encompasses a range of cardiovascular scenarios, including STsegment elevation myocardial infarction, non–ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes, multivessel coronary disease, severe …

Frailty Indices And Their Importance In Elderly Patients: A Perspective Review, Rachna Valvani, Nismat Javed, Timothy Vittorio, Moiud Mohyeldin

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

The aging demographic landscape of the United States highlights a concomitant rise in chronic conditions and infectious diseases. Older adults face a heightened susceptibility to infections, particularly pneumonia and urinary tract infections, and comorbidities such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, and dementia. Frailty, defined by a set of phenotypic criteria, emerges as a crucial predictor of adverse outcomes in infections, affecting hospitalization and post-care interventions. In the context of cancer, various frailty indices demonstrate their utility in predicting complications, mortality, and long-term outcomes. Cardiovascular diseases, including acute coronary syndrome and myocardial infarctions, exhibit varied associations with frailty, influencing both short-term and …

Waiting For A Liver Transplant In New Mexico; Understanding The State’S Multi-Layered Adversity, Husam Bader, Mahrukh Khan, Joud Maghnam, Rama Maghnam, Anthony Ricca

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Contrary to the assumption of consistent medical care for patients with specific illnesses in the United States, research reveals vast inconsistencies and inequalities in healthcare delivery, affecting various aspects such as mental illness diagnosis and management, life expectancy differences, overall mortality rates, and healthcare accessibility due to racial, ethnic, and cultural disparities [1-6]. Liver transplantation, particularly studied in the context of the state of New Mexico (NM), highlights the multilayered inherent disadvantages faced by its citizens. Despite these challenges, the new liver transplantation allocation system implemented by the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) in 2020, which focuses on geographic …

Pemetaan Kesiapan Implementasi Pendekatanan Saintifik Di Smp, Mustofa Mustofa

Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi: Kajian, Teori, dan Praktek dalam Bidang Pendidikan dan Ilmu Geografi

Di tingkat SMP, kurikulum 2013 menekankan pada implementasi pendekatan saintifik dengan mengintegrasikan karakter. Kebijakan Mendikbud dalam melakukan perubahan kurikulum dari KTSP beralih ke Kurikulum 2013 masih menimbulkan pro dan kontra dari banyak kalangan. Pelaksanaan Kurikulum 2013 tersebut menghadapi banyak masalah. Penelitian deskriptif evaluative ini dimaksudkan untuk memetakan permasalahan implementasi Kurikulum 2013 yang selanjutnya dapat dijadikan dasar pengembangan model tindakan perbaikan oleh pihak terkait. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik area purposive sampling, dengan sampel terpilih SMP di Kabupaten Blitar. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan pengisian angket. Analisis data dilakukan melalui proses pemetaan yang meliputi identifikasi, kategorisasi dan eksplanasi. Berdasarkan teknik …

Analisis Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lahan Ekowisata Blok Mangrove Bedul Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Bigharta Bekti Susetyo, Sudarno Herlambang, I Komang Astina

Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi: Kajian, Teori, dan Praktek dalam Bidang Pendidikan dan Ilmu Geografi

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan kesesuaian lahan Ekowisata Mangrove Bedul di stasiun penelitian A, B dan C serta kesesuaian lahan ekowisata dengan penggunaan lahan di Ekowisata Mangrove Bedul. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode survei lapangan. Penentuan titik stasiun penelitian menggunakan metode purposive dengan metode plot dan transek garis. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan scoring. Hasilnya penelitian ini menunjukkan (1) Stasiun penelitian A, B dan C memiliki kesesuaian lahane kowisata yang berbeda. Stasiun A memiliki nilai 17 (sangat sesuai), stasiun B memiliki nilai 20 (sangat sesuai) dan stasiun C memiliki nilai 16 (Cukup sesuai). (2) …

Review Of Gender As Love: A Theological Account Of Human Identity, Embodied Desire, And Our Social Worlds, Joseph A. Dennis

Liberty Theological Review

This review of Gender as Love offers a summary and critical analysis of Dr. Fellipe do Vale’s trailblazing work on gender identity, human love, and the placement of both within God’s economy.

Echoes Of Eden In Proverbs: Towards A Biblical Theological Ethic, Armen Oganessian

Liberty Theological Review

Abstract:

This study argues for a biblical-theological approach to the ethics of Proverbs. It proposes that the ethical foundation for Proverbs lies in the principles established in Genesis 1-4 The argument unfolds as follows: Tracing the Abrahamic and Davidic covenants, one sees Solomon, the author of Proverbs, as a partial fulfillment of the promised seed in Genesis 3:15. Furthermore, other biblical writers depict Solomon as an Adamic king ruling in an Eden-like context. Consequently, understanding Proverbs' position within redemptive history encourages readers to interpret it through an Edenic framework. In other words, a biblical-theological approach compels readers to interpret Proverbs …

Running Economy Changes Alter Predicted Running Speed And Performance In Collegiate Runners, Oluchi Ibe, Robert Musci, Jenevieve L. Roper

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 17(1): 965-974, 2024. The goal of the study was to determine the effect of altering running strategy on predicted running performance in distance runners through application of a novel prediction model. Fifteen male (n = 10; Age: 22.2 ± 4.9 years; Height: 177.7 ± 7.4 cm; Mass: 68.6 ± 6.7 kg) and female (n = 5; Age: 21.8 ± 4.1 years; Height: 167.4 ± 7.8 cm; Mass: 59.3 ± 8.1 kg) long distance runners were recruited to participate in the study. Participants’ oxygen consumption (VO₂) and carbon dioxide (VCO₂) …

Full Issue: Volume 5, Issue 2, Editorial Board

Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal

The second issue in the fifth volume of the Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal.

Land, Labor, And The Railroad In Industrial Appalachia: How The Baltimore And Ohio Railroad Engineered Space, 1843-1872, Lillian R. K. M. Austin

Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal

During the nineteenth century, the Baltimore and Ohio railroad reshaped the social, political, and physical environment of the mid-Atlantic around the needs of the industrial economy. The creation of industrial space, and the proliferation of communities to populate it, is seen retrospectively as an inevitable consequence of technological innovation, but engaging with contemporary corporate records reveals that this space, like the railroad, was engineered. In order to design a supply chain that would make industrialization economical, the railroad and coal industries engaged in political and social engineering to design the new locales of industrialism, exemplified in the Allegheny Mountains by …

Projections For Arctic Marine Accessibility: Risk Under Climate Change, Xueke Li, Amanda H. Lynch

Ocean and Coastal Law Journal

Few transformations in Earth systems are as dramatic as those currently occurring in the Arctic. We reveal the emergence of a new route regime in response to the evolving context of climate change and human pressures. This paradigm shift presents both opportunities for Arctic exploration and maritime trade, as well as risks for marine ecosystems and coastal communities. It underscores the need for concerted efforts to recalibrate the associated legal framework.