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Where And When: Identifying Key Regions Of Overground Sprint For Horizontal Force-Velocity Profiling, Daniel Geneau, Marc Klimstra, Ming-Chang Tsai Jul 2024

Where And When: Identifying Key Regions Of Overground Sprint For Horizontal Force-Velocity Profiling, Daniel Geneau, Marc Klimstra, Ming-Chang Tsai

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to identify regions of an overground sprint trial required to accurately determine independent Horizontal Force Velocity (FV) measures. Forty-seven university aged athletes completed two separate overground sprint trials. Baseline FV metrics; theoretical maximum velocity [V_0], peak velocity [V_max], maximum power [P_max], maximum theoretical force [F_0], decrease ratio of force [DRF], and force-velocity slope [〖FV〗_slope] were calculated for each trial. Trials were then modified by systematically removing percentages of the total sprint from the beginning and end of the trial independently. FV metrics were compared at each percentage stage and compared to baseline. Results of …

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Whole-Body Coordinative Strategies Contribute To The Minimization Of Centre Of Mass Displacement In Maximal Velocity Sprinting, Chris L. Vellucci, Shawn Beaudette Jul 2024

Whole-Body Coordinative Strategies Contribute To The Minimization Of Centre Of Mass Displacement In Maximal Velocity Sprinting, Chris L. Vellucci, Shawn Beaudette

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Sprinting is a dynamic skill that requires rapid and precise postural control. This study investigates the association between frontal plane centre of mass (CoM) displacement, whole-body coordination, and sprint velocity. Significant correlations with sprint velocity were found between stance phase frontal plane (cPL), superior inferior range of motion (SI ROM), and sprint velocity. Spatiotemporal coordinative coupling of the bilateral knees and thorax-pelvis axial twisting displayed significant partial correlations with the minimization of frontal plane cPL and SI CoM RoM. The findings of this work suggest that both the upper and lower body contribute to the control of the CoM within …

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Estimating Joint Moments During Treadmill Running Using Various Consumer Based Wearable Sensor Locations, Josh Autton Carter, Xi Chen, Dario Cazzola, Grant Trewartha, Ezio Preatoni Jul 2024

Estimating Joint Moments During Treadmill Running Using Various Consumer Based Wearable Sensor Locations, Josh Autton Carter, Xi Chen, Dario Cazzola, Grant Trewartha, Ezio Preatoni

ISBS Proceedings Archive

We estimated lower limb sagittal plane joint moments during treadmill running using wearable sensors and different commonly used locations. We compared outcomes from supervised recurrent neural network machine learning (ML) models to criterion values from motion capture and inverse dynamics. The normalised root mean squared error between outcomes from the ML model fed with the entire wearable dataset (pressure insoles and inertial measurement units at the foot, wrist, T10, and sacrum) was 8.9%, 13.5%, and 18.2% for the ankle, knee, and hip joint respectively. Removal of any two upper body sensors did not decrease the accuracy of the estimations. This …

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The Impact Of Ground Reaction Force Variables On Bend Sprint Running Performance, Jonathan White, Joseph Moore, Hans Von Lieres Und Wilkau, Gareth Irwin, Cassie Wilson, Timothy Exell Jul 2024

The Impact Of Ground Reaction Force Variables On Bend Sprint Running Performance, Jonathan White, Joseph Moore, Hans Von Lieres Und Wilkau, Gareth Irwin, Cassie Wilson, Timothy Exell

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to investigate force production and highlight kinetic variables that relate to bend sprinting performance. Eight competitive sprinters undertook three 60 m sprints around a 36.5 m bend radius. Paired t-tests were run using statistical parametric mapping to compare the left and right stance phases. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to assess the relationships between step velocity (SV) and kinetic variables. Significantly greater vertical and inward force was produced during early right stance compared to left. Left inward force was significantly greater than left during mid and late stance. Only braking durations were significantly negatively correlated to SV. …

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Variability Of Sagittal Joint Kinematics Of Female Horse-Riders Over A Jump., Rafaelle Baby, Celeste Wilkins Dr, Laurence Protheroe Dr, Russell Mackechnie-Guire Dr, Kathryn Nankervis Dr Jul 2024

Variability Of Sagittal Joint Kinematics Of Female Horse-Riders Over A Jump., Rafaelle Baby, Celeste Wilkins Dr, Laurence Protheroe Dr, Russell Mackechnie-Guire Dr, Kathryn Nankervis Dr

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to improve understanding of horse-rider technique in show jumping, to support the development of training programs. Range of motion, peak flexion and extension angles were estimated for the shoulder, elbows, hips, knees, and ankles of six female riders jumping two different fence types (oxer and straight), using a full-body inertial motion unit (IMU) suit (MVN Awinda). Horse kinematics were recorded using IMU and GPS technology (Alogo Move Pro). All rider joints showed inter-participant (population standard deviation range: 5.4°(ankle) - 43.2° (elbow)) and intra-participant variability (individual SD range: 1.7°(ankle) - 57.5°(hips)). Findings suggest differences in riding strategies and/or …

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Speed-Dependent Increase In Lumbar Lordosis Is Inconsistent With Speed-Independent Pelvic Tilt During Treadmill Running, Tempei Tominaga, Yoshiki Tasaki, Natsuki Sado Jul 2024

Speed-Dependent Increase In Lumbar Lordosis Is Inconsistent With Speed-Independent Pelvic Tilt During Treadmill Running, Tempei Tominaga, Yoshiki Tasaki, Natsuki Sado

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Lumbar lordosis (LL) is considered as an important factor of low back pain. Although LL during running (dynamic LL) and anterior pelvic tilt (APT) are thought to increase simultaneously, this relationship has not been examined when running speed is changed. Here we show that dynamic LL increases with the increase in running speed, whereas APT is invariant during treadmill running at 4.0, 5.5, 7.0 and 8.5 m/s in 18 male collegiate athletes. The speed-dependent increase in dynamic LL suggests that runners and coaches should be cautious that greater mechanical load on the lumbar spine might occur during faster running. The …

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Differences In Ankle Muscle Control Strategies Between Symptomatic And Asymptomatic Pronated Feet During Running, Ting Yu, Jingfeng He, Xianyi Zhang Jul 2024

Differences In Ankle Muscle Control Strategies Between Symptomatic And Asymptomatic Pronated Feet During Running, Ting Yu, Jingfeng He, Xianyi Zhang

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to quantify the differences in the control strategies of ankle muscles between symptomatic pronators (SP) and asymptomatic pronators (AP) during running. Thirty participants were measured by a motion capture system and a surface electromyography device. Results showed that the SP and AP had different muscle-tendon unit length changes during the swing phase, with the SP having less shortening of the soleus and peroneus longus (up to 3.6 mm and 4.0 mm, respectively), faster lengthening of the plantar flexors (up to 80.4 mm/s) but larger (up to 5.7 mm) and faster (up to 46.2 mm/s) shortening of the …

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Application Of Qualitative Movement Diagnosis On Sprint Start, Sang Yup Lee, Ethan Davis, Melissa Mache, Chengtu Hsieh Jul 2024

Application Of Qualitative Movement Diagnosis On Sprint Start, Sang Yup Lee, Ethan Davis, Melissa Mache, Chengtu Hsieh

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of applying Qualitative Movement Diagnosis (QMD) on sprint start performance. Twelve NCAA II sprinters volunteered for this cross-sectional study. The steps of applying QMD in sprint start performance were introduced. Subjects were asked to perform three pre-intervention trials of block starts in their preferred setting. The block setting and joint kinematics at knee and hip from both sides of body were evaluated. The feedback was provided for the three post-intervention trials. A moderate effect of significant improvement of exist velocity (p = 0.04) was observed as well as lead …

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The Impact Of Limb Symmetry On Stroke-To-Stroke Movement Variability In Para-Swimmers During An Adapted Aerobic Step Test, Matthew Slopecki, Julien Clément, Mathieu Charbonneau, Julie N. Côté Jul 2024

The Impact Of Limb Symmetry On Stroke-To-Stroke Movement Variability In Para-Swimmers During An Adapted Aerobic Step Test, Matthew Slopecki, Julien Clément, Mathieu Charbonneau, Julie N. Côté

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The study purpose was to measure effects of anthropometric limb characteristics on fatigue-related changes in stroke-to-stroke motor variability (MV) of trunk mediolateral (ML) acceleration. Six Paralympic swimmers performed an in-water, fatiguing, freestyle aerobic test consisting of 5 steps of 200m (n = 4); 150m (n = 1) or 100m (n = 1) with a sacrum worn inertial measurement unit. Upper-limb segment lengths were measured, and symmetry indices (LSI) were calculated. Sample entropy (SampEn) and fractal dimension (FD) were calculated on ML acceleration. Fatigue was confirmed with increased RPE (p < 0.01). ANOVA fatigue response models of SampEn and FD improved with LSI as a covariate (p < 0.01), showing that symmetry indices affected individual responses to fatigue. Coaches should consider anthropometric symmetry when designing para-swimming training plans.

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Effects Of Stack Height On Running Biomechanics During Level, Uphill, And Downhill Running At Different Speeds, Cagla Fadillioglu, Bernd Stetter, Thorsten Stein Jul 2024

Effects Of Stack Height On Running Biomechanics During Level, Uphill, And Downhill Running At Different Speeds, Cagla Fadillioglu, Bernd Stetter, Thorsten Stein

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to investigate the effects of shoe stack height on comfort assessment, step frequency and lower limb joint range of motions (ROMs) during level, downhill and uphill running with different running speeds since stack height is one of the highly discussed key features of running shoes and was not intensively investigated for sloped running conditions. Seventeen male experienced runners completed the running protocol by wearing three running shoes with different stack heights. The kinematics were collected with a 3D motion capturing system. A comfort questionnaire was asked for each shoe. The lowest stack height resulted in the highest …

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Possibility Of Early Detection Of Parkinson’S Disease Using Convolutional Neural Network During Six-Minute Walk Test, Hyejin Choi, Changhong Youm, Hwayoung Park, Bohyun Kim, Juseon Hwang, Minsoo Kim Jul 2024

Possibility Of Early Detection Of Parkinson’S Disease Using Convolutional Neural Network During Six-Minute Walk Test, Hyejin Choi, Changhong Youm, Hwayoung Park, Bohyun Kim, Juseon Hwang, Minsoo Kim

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to determine the accuracy of distinguishing patients with early Parkinson’s disease (PD) (n=27) from healthy controls (n=50) using a convolutional neural network (CNN) technique with an artificial intelligence deep learning algorithm based on a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) using wearable sensors. After wearing the six sensors, the participants performed the 6MWT, and the time-series data were converted into new images. The main results demonstrated the highest discrimination accuracy of 72% on the left arm gyroscope data. The results confirmed the possibility of using CNN models to distinguish between individuals with early PD and controls. Moreover, the 6MWT …

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Machine Learning Approach To Classify Decline Of Cognitive And Muscle Function In Older Women: Gait Characteristics Based On Three Speeds, Bohyun Kim, Changhong Youm, Hwayoung Park, Hyejin Choi, Juseon Hwang, Minsoo Kim Jul 2024

Machine Learning Approach To Classify Decline Of Cognitive And Muscle Function In Older Women: Gait Characteristics Based On Three Speeds, Bohyun Kim, Changhong Youm, Hwayoung Park, Hyejin Choi, Juseon Hwang, Minsoo Kim

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of machine learning models based on selected gait features caused by cognitive (Cog) and muscle function (MF) declines. A total of 154 women aged 65 or older performed cognitive assessments, five times sit-to-stand test, and gait test at three speeds (preferred, slower (SWS), and faster walking speed (FWS)). The machine learning model accuracies revealed that the random forest (RF) model had 91.2% accuracy when using all gait features and 91.9% accuracy when using the three features (walking speed and coefficient of variation of the left double support phase at FWS and right double …

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Acute Effects Of Footwear And Footstrike Pattern On Achilles Tendon Loading During Running, Xini Zhang, Liqin Deng, Songlin Xiao, Weijie Fu Jul 2024

Acute Effects Of Footwear And Footstrike Pattern On Achilles Tendon Loading During Running, Xini Zhang, Liqin Deng, Songlin Xiao, Weijie Fu

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The study aimed to investigate the effect of footwear and foot strikes on Achilles tendon (AT) loading during running. Eleven male recreational runners with rearfoot strike pattern were recruited. The ground reaction force, kinematics, and kinetics of the ankle joint at 10 km/h were collected using an instrumented split-belt treadmill and a motion capture system. The morphological and mechanical characteristics of AT were recorded and calculated with a synchronous ultrasonic imaging instrument. The results showed a significantly greater peak AT force in minimalist shoes and forefoot strike pattern. The peak force and length change of the AT significantly increased when …

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Agreement And Reliability Of Gait Metrics Measured Using The Stride Smart System In The Alterg Treadmill Compared To Xsens, Michelle Lyons, Louise Burnie, Kirsty Lindsay Jul 2024

Agreement And Reliability Of Gait Metrics Measured Using The Stride Smart System In The Alterg Treadmill Compared To Xsens, Michelle Lyons, Louise Burnie, Kirsty Lindsay

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim of this study was to assess the agreement and reliability of the spatiotemporal gait metrics measured by the Stride Smart system in the AlterG treadmill compared to the Xsens motion capture system. 17 healthy adults walked on an AlterG treadmill at 3km/h and 4 km/h at 4 bodyweight conditions (100, 75, 50, 25%) while wearing Xsens sensors, repeating this session 7.0 ± 0.7 days later. Gait metrics were calculated using the Xsens motion cloud software, and by the treadmill using the Stride Smart system. Agreement and between-session reliability for the Stride Smart Gait metrics were assessed. Stride Smart …

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Machine Learning Approaches For Identification Of Parkinson’S Disease Severity Using Multimodal Features, Hwayoung Park, Changhong Youm, Bohyun Kim, Hyejin Choi, Juseon Hwang, Minsoo Kim Jul 2024

Machine Learning Approaches For Identification Of Parkinson’S Disease Severity Using Multimodal Features, Hwayoung Park, Changhong Youm, Bohyun Kim, Hyejin Choi, Juseon Hwang, Minsoo Kim

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to create a digital biomarker for assessing the severity of Parkinson's disease (PD) using multimodal features from 50 PD patients and 50 healthy controls. They underwent clinical tests, gait analysis using a motion capture system, postural and functional evaluations, and lifestyle questionnaires. These multimodal features underwent dimensionality reduction techniques such as logistic regression and principal component analysis to identify PD severity using the MDS-UPDRS total score. The results developed six models using machine learning algorithms (Linear Regression and Random Forest), with Model 1 performing the best; spatiotemporal variables from gait analysis were crucial in identifying PD severity. …

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The Influence Of Bodyweight On Spatiotemporal Parameters During Walking On The Alterg Treadmill, Louise Burnie, Michelle Lyons, Kirsty Lindsay Jul 2024

The Influence Of Bodyweight On Spatiotemporal Parameters During Walking On The Alterg Treadmill, Louise Burnie, Michelle Lyons, Kirsty Lindsay

ISBS Proceedings Archive

AlterG treadmills are used for rehabilitation in clinical populations as they can provide up to 80% bodyweight (BW) support, however it is unknown how high levels of unloading might affect spatiotemporal parameters during walking on the AlterG treadmill. 18 healthy adults walked on an AlterG treadmill at 3km/h and 4 km/h at four BW conditions (100, 75, 50, 25%) while wearing Xsens sensors and gait metrics were calculated using the Xsens motion cloud software. Reducing BW in healthy adults via the BW support system on the AlterG treadmill had a small but significant effect on left stance time, swing time …

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The Trade-Off Between Cumulative Joint Loading And Cost Of Transport When Altering Anterior Trunk Lean Angle In Running, Luca Braun, Patrick Mai, Markus Hipper, Yannick Denis, Bastian Anedda, Janina Helwig, Dominic Gehring, Steffen Willwacher Jul 2024

The Trade-Off Between Cumulative Joint Loading And Cost Of Transport When Altering Anterior Trunk Lean Angle In Running, Luca Braun, Patrick Mai, Markus Hipper, Yannick Denis, Bastian Anedda, Janina Helwig, Dominic Gehring, Steffen Willwacher

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The study aimed to establish dose-response relationships between systematically altered anterior trunk leaning (ATL) and lower extremity cumulative joint loading (angular impulse x number of strides) as well as cost of transport (COT) in distance running. Twenty-eight recreational runners underwent a series of six treadmill runs (2.5 m/s) with five predefined ATL conditions (from -4° extension to 28° flexion) and one self-selected ATL condition for five minutes with 3D motion capture and spirometry. Increasing ATL systematically decreased cumulative knee joint loading and increased cumulative hip joint loading in all conditions. However, running outside the preferred running style increased COT. Designing …

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Influence Of Inertial Measurement Unit Placement On Knee Flexion Angle Measurement During Cycling, Tjorven Schnack, Arnold Baca, Philipp Neumeister Jul 2024

Influence Of Inertial Measurement Unit Placement On Knee Flexion Angle Measurement During Cycling, Tjorven Schnack, Arnold Baca, Philipp Neumeister

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Inertial measurement units (IMUs) enable measurements of joint kinematics during sports in the field. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of IMUs for measuring the knee flexion angle during cycling. To expand the limited research on optimal placement of IMUs on body segments, three different IMU placement setups were tested. Joint angles were calculated from the IMU orientations via OpenSim. Kinematics were captured from six experienced cyclists and compared to optical motion capture. Apart from an amplitude offset between the angle courses measured by IMUs and optical motion capture, no significant differences were observed between measurement …

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Agreement Between A Smartphone-Based Markerless Motion Capture Application (Aiscout ®) And Conventional Athletic Assessment, Simon Augustus, James Brouner, Chris Howe, Anna Kosciuk, Richard Felton-Thomas Jul 2024

Agreement Between A Smartphone-Based Markerless Motion Capture Application (Aiscout ®) And Conventional Athletic Assessment, Simon Augustus, James Brouner, Chris Howe, Anna Kosciuk, Richard Felton-Thomas

ISBS Proceedings Archive

There is a need to develop accessible 3D motion analysis. The aim of this study was to determine absolute and relative agreement between aiScout®, a smartphone application that infers 3D pose from 2D video, and conventional methods of assessing athletic performance. Sixteen athletes (29.7 ± 9.0 yrs, 1.75 ± 0.10 m, 75.5 ± 15.8 kg) completed six performance tests that were evaluated by aiScout® and conventional methods. 10m sprint times, press-ups, lateral rebound jumps, and 5-10-5 football dribble times showed good to excellent absolute (ICC and CCC > 0.8 threshold) and relative agreement (ICC and Kendall’s W > 0.8 …

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Effects Of Freediving Fin Parameters On Ankle Stress Using 3dive (Free Diving Valgus Experiment) Rig, Pauline Algourdin, Yoann Joliff, Benjamin Ostre Jul 2024

Effects Of Freediving Fin Parameters On Ankle Stress Using 3dive (Free Diving Valgus Experiment) Rig, Pauline Algourdin, Yoann Joliff, Benjamin Ostre

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim was to investigate the impact of freediving fin parameter on the diver for two different foot morphologies, one without deformation and other with a hallux valgus. It proposes to identify the parameters that have the greatest influence on the stresses applied to the ankle. A complete experimental design with 4 factors was set up. The factors studied were the length of the fin, the stiffness, the water channelling system and the angle between the blade and the liner. A prosthetic foot was used to realise reproducible test in pool. It was fitted with strain gauge at the ankle. …

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Volume 63-2 Complete Issue, Casey D. Allen Jul 2024

Volume 63-2 Complete Issue, Casey D. Allen

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 63-2 Complete Issue

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Transforming The Applied Learning Experience Through Interdisciplinary Fieldwork, Dawn M. Drake, Ashley Elias, Carissa Ganong, Michael L. Grantham, Mark S. Mills Jul 2024

Transforming The Applied Learning Experience Through Interdisciplinary Fieldwork, Dawn M. Drake, Ashley Elias, Carissa Ganong, Michael L. Grantham, Mark S. Mills

The Geographical Bulletin

This paper introduces an interdisciplinary field research project undertaken by faculty at Missouri Western State University in an effort to improve student learning outcomes and enrich student experience. The project uses a single ecosystem, the nine human-built ponds on the campus, and combines five different faculty members’ areas of research across ecology, microbiology, and geography to immerse students in an interactive applied learning opportunity that not only helps them develop research skills, but also learn to present their research to a variety of audiences. The paper reviews the nature of the project, the conditions that allowed the project to emerge, …

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Reflecting On Interdisciplinary Trends In Artificial Reef Design, Monitoring, And Assessment In The Us Southeast: Insight From Recent Developments And Hope In The Restoring Resilient Reefs Act, Johnathan D. Johnson, Clayton J. Whitesides Jul 2024

Reflecting On Interdisciplinary Trends In Artificial Reef Design, Monitoring, And Assessment In The Us Southeast: Insight From Recent Developments And Hope In The Restoring Resilient Reefs Act, Johnathan D. Johnson, Clayton J. Whitesides

The Geographical Bulletin

Although artificial reefs (Figs. 1 and 2) have long been the focus of biological and ecological research, “the economics and social impact of artificial reefs … have not been carefully examined” (Bohnsack and Sutherland 1985, 11). Since the time of that statement in the mid-1980s, we are pleased to report that much research on the economics and social impacts of artificial reefs has been published in the academic literature (e.g., Sutton and Bushnell 2007, Whitmarsh et al. 2008, Stolk, Markwell, and Jenkins 2009, and Islam et al. 2014).

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An Overview Of Environmental Themes In The Video Game Industry, Michael A. Davis Jul 2024

An Overview Of Environmental Themes In The Video Game Industry, Michael A. Davis

The Geographical Bulletin

Video games of the early 1990s have an appreciable depth of environmental tones that seem prophetic by today’s standards as climate change and environmental degradation have emerged as significant topics of scientific and geographic inquiry. The political and cultural environment of the late 1980s and early 1990s played a significant role in the development of environmentally-minded video games. Since the 20th century, the depiction of these environmental themes have changed with a greater understanding of environmental science literature, have incorporated educational qualities to game play, and have migrated from large video game developers (e.g., Sega and Nintendo) to independent developers …

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Front Matter And Editorial Note, Casey D. Allen Jul 2024

Front Matter And Editorial Note, Casey D. Allen

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 63 Issue 2 Front Matter including Editorial Note

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Defining Humanity In The Popular Imagination: The Neanderthal And The Early Modern Human In H.G. Wells And Yuval Noah Harari, Laurel Bayless Jul 2024

Defining Humanity In The Popular Imagination: The Neanderthal And The Early Modern Human In H.G. Wells And Yuval Noah Harari, Laurel Bayless

The Geographical Bulletin

Popular depictions of Neanderthals place them in a liminal position between the human and nonhuman. Examination of how such depictions have changed over time reveals evolving and enduring ideas about humanity and nature. Descriptions of Neanderthals and the prehistoric anatomically modern humans who encountered them in Europe reveal the features their authors see as essential to humanity. Not only do authors project their contemporary ideas onto Neanderthals, but doing so but then naturalizes those ideas. H.G. Wells, one of the f irst popular writers to discuss Neanderthals, depicted Neanderthals as shambling, inhuman brutes, whereas he used colonial ideas about the …

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Making Space For Yeast: Toward A Zymurpolitics, Walter W. Furness Jul 2024

Making Space For Yeast: Toward A Zymurpolitics, Walter W. Furness

The Geographical Bulletin

Geographic scholarship on craft brewing has characteristically fixated on place as a lens through which to understand and valuate ostensibly “local” beer, wherein fermentation acts as an alchemistic shorthand, transmuting far-flung ingredients into a product emphatically rooted in a particular location. However, yeast tends to receive little attention in this literature, even though it is a primary agent (alongside humans) in acting on raw materials to produce beer. Defying the notion of “hyperlocal,” yeast is frequently sourced from distant laboratories, though some breweries maintain their own cultures in-house. This paper draws on existing literature, observation, and interviews with brewers to …

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Cover And Forewords, Casey D. Allen Jul 2024

Cover And Forewords, Casey D. Allen

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 63 Issue 1 Cover and Forewords

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Volume 63-1 Complete Issue, Casey D. Allen Jul 2024

Volume 63-1 Complete Issue, Casey D. Allen

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 63-1 Complete Issue

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Formation And Development Of The Center For Grassland Studies At The University Of Nebraska, M A. Massengale Jul 2024

Formation And Development Of The Center For Grassland Studies At The University Of Nebraska, M A. Massengale

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The Center for Grassland Studies was formed at the University of Nebraska in 1994 to implement focused interdisciplinary research, educational, and service programs and activities that emphasize the role of grasslands as a natural resource and conservation measure and that enhance the efficiency, profitability, sustainability, and aesthetic value of grasslands, wetlands, and turf. Although the Center is still in a developmental stage, it appears to be accomplishing those objectives.

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