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How Does The Neuromuscular System Utilize Sensory Feedback For The Control Of Skilled Movements In Sport? A Perspective, Peter Federolf Jul 2024

How Does The Neuromuscular System Utilize Sensory Feedback For The Control Of Skilled Movements In Sport? A Perspective, Peter Federolf

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This perspective article explores concepts for how sensory information is utilized by the neuromuscular system for the correction of ongoing movements within the sports domain, highlighting its significance for movement stability, accuracy, precision, injury prevention, and performance enhancement. This paper aims to introduce a simplified model for feedback control and discusses implications of this model and approaches for experimental corroboration.

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Predicting Running Movements From Motor Control Principles, Anne D. Koelewijn, Marlies Nitschke, Chuyi Wang, Eva Dorschky Jul 2024

Predicting Running Movements From Motor Control Principles, Anne D. Koelewijn, Marlies Nitschke, Chuyi Wang, Eva Dorschky

ISBS Proceedings Archive

We aim to predict running movements from motor control principles. Specifically, the central nervous system minimizes an objective related to energy efficiency when planning movements. We replicate this minimization in optimal control problems to create running simulations that predict running movements in new situations. Here, we will introduce how we create predictive simulations using optimal control, and we show how we used these to gain insight into the effect of running shoe midsole properties on running movements. We show that we can successfully predict the change in metabolic cost between different shoe conditions, but that our outcomes are limited when …

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Synergistic Control Of Muscle Activity During Challenging Locomotor Tasks, Alessandro Santuz Jul 2024

Synergistic Control Of Muscle Activity During Challenging Locomotor Tasks, Alessandro Santuz

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This talk will explore the neuromotor control of challenging locomotor tasks using the concept of muscle synergies: modular sets of activation patterns that are common to functionally similar muscle groups and may exist to simplify movement control. I will argue that the structure of these synergies is largely conserved across different walking and running speeds, as well as in response to internal (e.g. aging) or external (e.g. uneven terrain) perturbations. The nervous system finely tunes the linear and nonlinear time characteristics of muscle synergies to cope with disturbances, rather than adjusting the relative muscle contributions, regardless of the nature of …

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Musculoskeletal Analysis Of Two Basic Latin American Steps, Antonia Centrone, Francesca Di Puccio Jul 2024

Musculoskeletal Analysis Of Two Basic Latin American Steps, Antonia Centrone, Francesca Di Puccio

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to quantitatively define two basic Latin American steps (Basic Step and Lateral Step) through a biomechanical approach, providing the main events during each step cycle and the key kinematic features related to these movements. The participant was an instructor of the Italian Federation Sports Dance, who performed the movements in the biomechanics laboratory within the “Sport and Anatomy” center, equipped with an 8-camera Vicon IR system and two force plates. The kinematic variables were computed using two OpenSim models: the Rajagopal and the Thoraco-lumbar models. The major differences between the models were observed in the pelvic tilt, …

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Effect Of Midsole Thickness On Running Economy, Comfort And Effort In Well-Trained Runners, Gian-Andri Baumann, Mattia Nolè, Christina M. Spengler, Fernando G. Beltrami Jul 2024

Effect Of Midsole Thickness On Running Economy, Comfort And Effort In Well-Trained Runners, Gian-Andri Baumann, Mattia Nolè, Christina M. Spengler, Fernando G. Beltrami

ISBS Proceedings Archive

By the current rules, midsoles in running shoes cannot exceed 40 mm in thickness, but this limit seems arbitrary. We investigated the effect of midsole thicknesses beyond the current limits on running economy, perceived comfort and effort, and spatiotemporal variables. Sixteen well-trained runners completed twelve outdoor runs (1.2 km each) at 16 km·h−1 alternating between three different footwear (one entry-level shoe (EL) with 30mm thickness and two modern shoes with thickness of 40 mm and 50 mm). Both modern shoes showed lower O2 uptake and effort compared with EL, but no differences between the 40-mm and 50-mm shoes …

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Triceps Surae Muscle Forces During Walking And Dancing Across Varied Footwear, Elias Wallnöfer, Clara Egner, Robert Csapo, Arnold Baca, Hans Kainz Jul 2024

Triceps Surae Muscle Forces During Walking And Dancing Across Varied Footwear, Elias Wallnöfer, Clara Egner, Robert Csapo, Arnold Baca, Hans Kainz

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Despite a high prevalence for Achilles tendinopathies in athletic populations, research on individuality in muscle coordination, a possible contributor to this disorder, is limited. Effects of shoe condition and kinematics on force share between triceps surea muscles during normal gait and a dance step were investigated and compared between two methodological approaches. Muscle coordination was analyzed based on musculoskeletal simulations in a generic and an electromyography-informed approach. The electromyography-informed mode revealed higher individuality and a higher force production in medial gastrocnemius for the dance step in high heels compared to bare foot. The study underscores the importance of viewing Achilles …

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Effects Of Short Vs. Long Warm-Up Protocols On Biomechanics And Performance In A 50- M Swimming Trial, Marina Gil Calvo, Mario Asensio Moreno, Daniel Boullosa Jul 2024

Effects Of Short Vs. Long Warm-Up Protocols On Biomechanics And Performance In A 50- M Swimming Trial, Marina Gil Calvo, Mario Asensio Moreno, Daniel Boullosa

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of two warm-up, protocols differing in volume, on biomechanical and performance parameters in a simulated 50m freestyle swimming trial. Twelve well-trained male swimmers of regional and national levels performed, in random order, two 50-m time trials on separate days, after a 600m, 12 min warm-up (Short Warm-Up, SWU) or a 1200m, 24 min warm-up (Long Warm-Up, LWU) protocols in random order. The results show that only the SWU warm-up protocol significantly improved swimming performance, although there is no difference between protocols in most kinematic parameters.

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Analysis Of Proactive, Static And Dynamic Unipedal Balance In Young Gymnasts During Adolescence, Luis Arturo Gómez-Landero, Pureza Leal Del Ojo, Pablo Floria Jul 2024

Analysis Of Proactive, Static And Dynamic Unipedal Balance In Young Gymnasts During Adolescence, Luis Arturo Gómez-Landero, Pureza Leal Del Ojo, Pablo Floria

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of age in young acrobatic gymnasts on performance and asymmetry between lower limbs in proactive, static, and dynamic balance. 37 acrobatic gymnasts (31 females and 6 males) were divided in Early (EA, n=10), Middle (MA, n=16), and Late (EL, n=11) adolescence according to peak height velocity. Three types of unipedal balance tests were applied and normalised relative to participants height: Y-Balance Test, single leg stance test (centre of pressure measurements with a force platform), time to stabilization after single leg landing test. EA gymnasts had worse static balance compared to …

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Analysis Of Sprint Related Performance Indicators In Professional Youth Soccer Across Age Groups & Positions, Mirnes Becirovic, Jonas Bischofberger, Philipp Kornfeind, Simeon Stifter, Arnold Baca Jul 2024

Analysis Of Sprint Related Performance Indicators In Professional Youth Soccer Across Age Groups & Positions, Mirnes Becirovic, Jonas Bischofberger, Philipp Kornfeind, Simeon Stifter, Arnold Baca

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The aim of this study was to evaluate the playing intensity distribution among 51 highly trained young elite soccer players across different age groups and position profiles during competitive matches. We recorded and analyzed championship matches of the U15, U16 and U18 youth teams from AKA St. Pölten, focusing on kinematic and physiological parameters during halftime assessments and throughout the entire match duration. The final goal of this research is to equip soccer coaches with valuable insights to accurately prescribe training intensities aligned with competitive scenarios, thereby enhancing overall training control.

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The Sexes Exhibited Similar Patterns Of Upper Trapezius Excitation Distribution At Rest And With Fatigue During Repeated Arm Elevation, Kara-Lyn Harrison, Rebecca Franklin, Melina Kaluzny, Trisha D. Scribbans Jul 2024

The Sexes Exhibited Similar Patterns Of Upper Trapezius Excitation Distribution At Rest And With Fatigue During Repeated Arm Elevation, Kara-Lyn Harrison, Rebecca Franklin, Melina Kaluzny, Trisha D. Scribbans

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Females experience more shoulder pathology compared to males, which is partly attributed to differences in muscle excitation between the sexes. We determined if upper trapezius (UT) excitation distribution differed at rested and fatigue at three tertiles of shoulder flexion. Twenty-eight participants completed a repeated arm elevation task to volitional fatigue while holding a load relative to 30% of their maximum isometric shoulder flexion force while high density electromyography was collected from the UT. Statistical parametric mapping t-tests between males and females excitation map for each tertile at rested and fatigue revealed that UT excitation differed in 168 pixels (~43% of …

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Joint Power Contributions During 90-Degrees Change Of Direction In Knees Following Meniscectomy, Chelsea Starbuck, Lee Herrington, Vanessa Walters, Bilal Barkatali, Richard Jones Jul 2024

Joint Power Contributions During 90-Degrees Change Of Direction In Knees Following Meniscectomy, Chelsea Starbuck, Lee Herrington, Vanessa Walters, Bilal Barkatali, Richard Jones

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Arthroscopic partial meniscectomies (APM) are common following a traumatic meniscus injury and can result in long-term knee dysfunction. It is unclear how individuals distribute their lower limb loads during sporting movements. This study compared hip, knee, and ankle joint power contributions during a 90-degree change of direction (CoD) between APM limbs, contralateral limbs, and healthy individuals using kinematic and kinetic data. APM limbs had lower negative knee power contribution compared to contralateral limbs, with no differences in ankle and hip contributions. Compared to healthy limbs, APM limbs showed lower positive knee power contributions, greater hip power generation contributions, and slower …

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Learning Biomechanics: Deja-Vu All Over Again, Duane Knudson Jul 2024

Learning Biomechanics: Deja-Vu All Over Again, Duane Knudson

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This article reviews the physics education research (PER) and scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) on introductory biomechanics. Many sport and exercise science students fear and dislike biomechanics, so faculty have shared their teaching ideas at many conferences, with a smaller number reporting research on the efficacy of these ideas. These is a large body of PER that consistently report active learning (AL) is twice as effective or more for learning Newtonian mechanics than lectures. Biomechanics scholars have followed this work with specialized standardized tests, finding similar benefits of AL for all students in-person and in online instruction. SoTL research …

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Spring-Mass Model Symmetry Characteristics In Distance Runners Across A Competitive Season, Isabella Vargas-Blanchard, Riley Schemel, Alexis M. Arena, Monique Mokha Jul 2024

Spring-Mass Model Symmetry Characteristics In Distance Runners Across A Competitive Season, Isabella Vargas-Blanchard, Riley Schemel, Alexis M. Arena, Monique Mokha

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to apply characteristics of the spring-mass model (SMM) to distance running over a competitive season by measuring changes in landing-takeoff and rebound asymmetries. Thirteen runners from the same university team underwent 3D biomechanical gait analyses at the start and end of a 7-week competitive season. Paired-sample t-tests compared landing-take-off asymmetry [effective contact time (tce) to aerial time (tae)], rebound asymmetry [positive work time (tpush), to negative work time (tbrake), and average vertical ground reaction force (vGRF). Rebound asymmetry increased by 4%, but was not significant, t(12)=-1.239, p=0.239. Landing-take-off …

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Runners Fatigue Earlier On A Treadmill Versus Overground: Kinematic Evaluation Of A Run-To-Exhaustion, Robbert P. Van Middelaar, Frank J. Wouda, Jasper Reenalda Jul 2024

Runners Fatigue Earlier On A Treadmill Versus Overground: Kinematic Evaluation Of A Run-To-Exhaustion, Robbert P. Van Middelaar, Frank J. Wouda, Jasper Reenalda

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Running biomechanics can be different between treadmill and overground, especially with fatigue during a run-to-exhaustion. The aim of this study was to investigate impact variables and kinematics of participants running an identical treadmill and overground fatigue protocol. Runners ran to exhaustion 9 minutes earlier on the treadmill compared to overground, with similar heart rate and rate of perceived exhaustion. Only peak sternal acceleration was significantly different between conditions, but only in the fatigue state. Environmental factors in a lab, such as air flow absence, may affect the aerobic capacity during running. No clear biomechanical differences suggest that a similar state …

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Calculation And Evaluation Of A Three-Dimensional Force Following Boxing Punches On A Dummy Head, Carola Birk, Marie Füll, Wolfgang Potthast, Igor Komnik Jul 2024

Calculation And Evaluation Of A Three-Dimensional Force Following Boxing Punches On A Dummy Head, Carola Birk, Marie Füll, Wolfgang Potthast, Igor Komnik

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The current study evaluates an approach that estimates the 3D force acting on a dummy's head and neck construct following boxing punches. The calculation refers to marker-based kinematic measurements, and incorporates the head mass and the estimated effective mass of the striking hand. A total of 2040 punches were compared with measured force values of a six-axial load cell in the upper dummy neck regarding peak force (peakF) and rate of force development (RFD). The two random effect regression models revealed that the calculated force values could significantly predict the measured force values. The results showed reasonable effective mass estimates …

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Comparison Of Isokinetic Strength In Female Volleyball Athletes With And Without Knee Pain, Christina Frese, Dieter Bubeck Dr., Tobias Siebert Dr. Prof., Wilfried Alt Dr. Prof. Jul 2024

Comparison Of Isokinetic Strength In Female Volleyball Athletes With And Without Knee Pain, Christina Frese, Dieter Bubeck Dr., Tobias Siebert Dr. Prof., Wilfried Alt Dr. Prof.

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Previous literature indicates that male volleyball players with knee pain have lower quadriceps strength and higher hamstring/quadriceps-ratios (Chantrelle et al., 2022). This has not been investigated in females volleyball players yet. 24 women (71.8 ± 7.6 kg; 1.76± 0.6 m; 24 ± 3.5 years, 11 healthy/13 with chronic knee pain) were examined. The maximum strength and power of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles and their ratio in isokinetic measurement (90°/second) were determined using the ISOMED2000. Maximal quadriceps strength and power in isokinetic measurements is significantly lower in affected legs (p

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Asymmetry In The Application Of Inward Ground Reaction Force During Curved Sprinting On Athletic Track, Yasuko Hirono, Norihisa Fujii Dr. Jul 2024

Asymmetry In The Application Of Inward Ground Reaction Force During Curved Sprinting On Athletic Track, Yasuko Hirono, Norihisa Fujii Dr.

ISBS Proceedings Archive

We assessed the factors influencing the application of inward GRF during the left and right contact phases in curved sprinting. This study resulted no significant differences in inward impulse and mean inward GRF between the two contact phases. The symmetry index in inward GRF depended on the magnitude of both inward GRFs during the left and right contact phases. Based on the significant correlation between mean inward GRF and hip abduction torque, we propose that large inward GRF is influenced by the absence of inward pushing during the left contact phase, whereas it is influenced by outward pushing during the …

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Gender Differences In Inter-Segment Foot Kinetics During Running, Tomohito Nakatsugawa, Yuya Ezawa, Takeo Maruyama Jul 2024

Gender Differences In Inter-Segment Foot Kinetics During Running, Tomohito Nakatsugawa, Yuya Ezawa, Takeo Maruyama

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Gender differences in kinetics may be associated with the incidence of specific overuse injuries. However, inter-segment foot kinetics during running have not been investigated between genders. The purpose of this study was to compare multi-segment foot kinetics during running between males and females. Eleven males and nine females ran barefoot with rearfoot strike at 3.3 m/s ± 10% along a 10 m runway. Segmental moment and power at midfoot and ankle in sagittal plane were calculated, and peak moment, positive and negative power were compared by gender. Peak positive and negative midfoot power were significantly larger in females than in …

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The Relationship Between Neurocognition And Side-Step Cutting Biomechanics In Women’S Australian Football Players, Tess L. Rolley Miss, Natalie Saunders, Ashlee Hendy Mrs, Brendan Major Mr, Alicia Goodwill Mrs, Sandy Shultz Mr, Aaron Fox Mr Jul 2024

The Relationship Between Neurocognition And Side-Step Cutting Biomechanics In Women’S Australian Football Players, Tess L. Rolley Miss, Natalie Saunders, Ashlee Hendy Mrs, Brendan Major Mr, Alicia Goodwill Mrs, Sandy Shultz Mr, Aaron Fox Mr

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Despite increased awareness and targeted efforts, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries continue to frequently occur within the women’s Australian-rules football league (AFLW). AFLW ACL injuries frequently occur when performing a defensive side-step cut. Considering the reactive nature of this scenario, neurocognitive function may be an important risk factor. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between neurocognition and side-step cutting biomechanics in women’s Australian football players. Relationships between neurocognitive measures and 3D knee loads during unanticipated side-stepping were examined. No statistically significant relationships were found. These findings provide recommendations for future research to explore different cognitive …

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Kinematic Comparison Of Opencap And Imu With Marker-Based Motion Capture In Treadmill Running: A Pilot Study, Muhammad Nur Shahril Iskandar Mr, Phillis Soek Po Teng Dr Jul 2024

Kinematic Comparison Of Opencap And Imu With Marker-Based Motion Capture In Treadmill Running: A Pilot Study, Muhammad Nur Shahril Iskandar Mr, Phillis Soek Po Teng Dr

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this pilot study was to compare lower-limb running kinematics measured using a markerless system, OpenCap, and inertial measurement units (IMUs) against the marker-based motion capture (mocap) system. One participant ran at 2.22 m/s on a treadmill for one minute. Mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of hip, knee, and ankle flexion were calculated independently for all 3 devices. Time synchronization of devices was facilitated by performing a ‘kick’ and identifying its peak knee angle prior to running. Offset correction was also applied to OpenCap and IMUs data to match those of marker-based mocap …

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Applying Dose-Response Analysis In Sport Biomechanics: An Example Of Badminton Footwork And Footwear, Qichang Mei A/Prof, Xiaoyi Yang, Justin Wade Fernandez, Yaodong Gu Jul 2024

Applying Dose-Response Analysis In Sport Biomechanics: An Example Of Badminton Footwork And Footwear, Qichang Mei A/Prof, Xiaoyi Yang, Justin Wade Fernandez, Yaodong Gu

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Efficient footwork and appropriate footwear are important elements in badminton. This study aims to report the application of dose-response analysis in sports biomechanics, presenting the example of analysing the biomechanical response to training intervention with increased wearable resistance (WR) loads and the response of footwork performance to systematically increased wedge hardness in the design of badminton footwear. A further technique of data dimensionality reduction was employed to decipher the dose-response effect via reporting key PC explanation of ~90% with WR intervention, and 61.98%, 21.26%, and 8.1%. The example of badminton biomechanics may provide implications for future research and data analysis, …

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Ai-Based Markerless Single-Camera Motion Analysis For Estimating Knee And Hip Joint Kinematics During Gait, Michael Schwenk, Philipp Barzyk, Alina Boden, Daniel Seebacher, Philip Zimmermann, Manuel Stein, Markus Gruber Jul 2024

Ai-Based Markerless Single-Camera Motion Analysis For Estimating Knee And Hip Joint Kinematics During Gait, Michael Schwenk, Philipp Barzyk, Alina Boden, Daniel Seebacher, Philip Zimmermann, Manuel Stein, Markus Gruber

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study aimed to pilot-test a markerless motion analysis approach (i.e., SMARTGAIT) for estimating knee and hip joint kinematics in the sagittal and frontal plane during overground walking. One person (age 24 years) walked four times over an 8-meter distance. Joint kinematics were measured using SMARTGAIT (single RGB smartphone camera) and Vicon (reference system). Angle trajectories of sixteen gait cycles were used for the analysis. Agreement between SMARTGAIT and Vicon angle trajectories was greater in the sagittal plane (hip: Pearson’s r=0.989; knee: r=0.990; root mean square error [RMSE] ≤2.6 deg) compared to the frontal plane (hip: r=0.789; knee: r=0.793; RMSE …

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Power Up The Swing: A Biomechanical Study Towards A Golf Exosuit, Alireza Nasirzadeh, Song Min Lee, Jihye Jang, Nakwon Ko, Kim Jin Hee, Yong Ung Kwon, Giuk Lee Jul 2024

Power Up The Swing: A Biomechanical Study Towards A Golf Exosuit, Alireza Nasirzadeh, Song Min Lee, Jihye Jang, Nakwon Ko, Kim Jin Hee, Yong Ung Kwon, Giuk Lee

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This biomechanical study investigates the impact of a passive elastic exoband on golf swing performance, focusing on optimizing the timing and magnitude of its stretch to increase the clubhead velocity. We analyzed the performance of two professional golfers wearing the exoband in four configurations. Our findings suggest that pre-stretching the exoband during the backswing, coupled with an optimal X-factor, significantly increases clubhead velocity by efficiently releasing stored elastic energy. Notably, the configuration pulling the left posterior shoulder towards the left ASIS resulted in the highest clubhead velocity and greatest exoband contribution, demonstrating the importance of optimal stretch and energy transfer …

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Analysing Gait Transition Dynamics In Uphill Trail Running From Wearable Devices, Raimundo Sanchez Jul 2024

Analysing Gait Transition Dynamics In Uphill Trail Running From Wearable Devices, Raimundo Sanchez

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study investigates gait transition speed in trail running on uphill slopes using wearable devices data. It examines Preferred Transition Speed (PTS) and Heart Rate Optimal Transition Speed (HROTS), noting a decrease in both with increasing slope. This suggests an intuitive adaptation among athletes to lower speeds on steeper inclines, challenging the Iso-Efficient Speed concept and showing gait selection is influenced by more than energy efficiency. The analysis of data from 14 trail runners, aged 22-43 with at least one year of trail running experience, reveals distinct gait patterns characterized by a bimodal distribution in cadence and a unimodal distribution …

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Markerless Motion Capture And Optimal Control To Inform Pitching Mechanics And Reduce Injury Risk, Tylan Templin, Sakiko Oyama, Travis Eliason, Daniel Nicolella Jul 2024

Markerless Motion Capture And Optimal Control To Inform Pitching Mechanics And Reduce Injury Risk, Tylan Templin, Sakiko Oyama, Travis Eliason, Daniel Nicolella

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The objective of this study is to demonstrate the utility of predictive musculoskeletal simulations in baseball pitching. An optimal control analysis was developed that aimed to minimize injury risk while maintaining pitching performance. The optimization converged on a solution that reduced peak shoulder internal rotation by 27.1% while maintaining peak hand velocity within 1.7%. The optimized simulation suggested that 1) a lower arm slot 2) greater knee extension in the stride leg would lead to reduced injury risk without degrading performance. This study's findings demonstrate the potential of biomechanical analyses in enhancing performance and reducing injury risks in baseball pitchers.

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Runners Sacrifice Economy For Stability And Traumatic Injury Prevention When Faced With Sudden, Slip-Like Perturbations, Markus Hipper, Luca Braun, Yannick Denis, Bastian Anedda, Janina Helwig, Steffen Willwacher Jul 2024

Runners Sacrifice Economy For Stability And Traumatic Injury Prevention When Faced With Sudden, Slip-Like Perturbations, Markus Hipper, Luca Braun, Yannick Denis, Bastian Anedda, Janina Helwig, Steffen Willwacher

ISBS Proceedings Archive

We investigated the trade-off between metabolic cost and dynamic stability in 15 recreational runners who experienced sudden slip-like anteroposterior perturbations (SLAPs) during treadmill running (2.5 m/s). Following SLAPs, a significant 3.4% increase in the cost of transport was observed. However, there were no significant changes in single gait parameters or lower limb kinematics in the sagittal plane. Future investigations should explore the underlying neuromuscular mechanisms and broader functional biomechanical variables. Overall, we show that human motor control prioritizes dynamic stability more when expecting SLAPs compared to non-expecting them, highlighting a potential trade-off between metabolic efficiency and traumatic injury prevention that …

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Adaptation Of Walking Patterns To Bilateral Loaded Walking, Michael Herzog, Norman Riedel, Melina Beyerlein, Jonas Weber, Barbara Deml, Thorsten Stein Jul 2024

Adaptation Of Walking Patterns To Bilateral Loaded Walking, Michael Herzog, Norman Riedel, Melina Beyerlein, Jonas Weber, Barbara Deml, Thorsten Stein

ISBS Proceedings Archive

Motor adaptation is the process of adjusting motor commands to perform a movement task under altered conditions. The ability and time needed to adapt to an exoskeleton may be crucial to their acceptance and effectiveness. The mechanical changes with exoskeletons are multi-faceted. Therefore, this study focused only on the additional mass and aimed to investigate motor adaptation to bilaterally loaded walking. Six females and six males (24.6±3.8y; 173.3±9.4cm; 66.4±10.1kg) walked with and without weight cuffs attached to their thighs and shanks on a treadmill. Spatio-temporal parameters and lower-limb sagittal angles did not show the hypothesized adaptation progressions and after-effects. Yet, …

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Effects Of Comprehensive Exercise Therapy On Knee Joint Function Among Older Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis, Peixin Shen, Qipeng Song, Xiaoxue Zhu, Dewei Mao Jul 2024

Effects Of Comprehensive Exercise Therapy On Knee Joint Function Among Older Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis, Peixin Shen, Qipeng Song, Xiaoxue Zhu, Dewei Mao

ISBS Proceedings Archive

This study investigated the effects of comprehensive exercise therapy on knee joint function for older adults with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Sixty-six older adults with KOA were randomly assigned to either the exercise group (EG), the heat and electrotherapy group (HG), or the control group (CG) to receive an 8-week intervention. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data of knee pain, proprioception, angle, moment, and strength. At week8, the EG had decreased pain scores, proprioception threshold, and knee abduction moment, increased flexion angle and extensor strength; the EG showed lower pain scores and greater strength than the HG …

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Differences In Muscle Demand Across Take-Off Techniques In The Back Handspring Step Out In Women’S Gymnastics, Gabriella H. Small, Richard R. Neptune Jul 2024

Differences In Muscle Demand Across Take-Off Techniques In The Back Handspring Step Out In Women’S Gymnastics, Gabriella H. Small, Richard R. Neptune

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The back handspring step out (BHS) is a foundational skill in balance beam routines that can be performed using three different take-off techniques (Simultaneous Flexion, Sequential Flexion, Double-Bounce). However, it is unclear if the different techniques require different levels of muscle demand. The purpose of this study was to use modelling and simulation to quantify muscle demand across the three techniques. While there were no differences in total average muscle demand between techniques, the Sequential Flexion technique required more demand from the knee and hip flexors, while the Simultaneous Flexion and Double-Bounce techniques required more demand from the knee and …

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Where And When: Identifying Key Regions Of Overground Sprint For Horizontal Force-Velocity Profiling, Daniel Geneau, Marc Klimstra, Ming-Chang Tsai Jul 2024

Where And When: Identifying Key Regions Of Overground Sprint For Horizontal Force-Velocity Profiling, Daniel Geneau, Marc Klimstra, Ming-Chang Tsai

ISBS Proceedings Archive

The purpose of this study was to identify regions of an overground sprint trial required to accurately determine independent Horizontal Force Velocity (FV) measures. Forty-seven university aged athletes completed two separate overground sprint trials. Baseline FV metrics; theoretical maximum velocity [V_0], peak velocity [V_max], maximum power [P_max], maximum theoretical force [F_0], decrease ratio of force [DRF], and force-velocity slope [〖FV〗_slope] were calculated for each trial. Trials were then modified by systematically removing percentages of the total sprint from the beginning and end of the trial independently. FV metrics were compared at each percentage stage and compared to baseline. Results of …

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