Digital Commons Network^™

Global Estimates Of The Storage And Transit Time Of Water Through Vegetation, Andrew Felton, Joshua B. Fisher, Koen Hufkens, Adam J. Purdy, Seth A. Spawn-Lee, Lou F. Duloisy, Gregory R. Goldsmith

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

The time it takes for water to transit from the ground back to the atmosphere affects weather, climate, biogeochemistry and ecosystem function. The transit time of water through vegetation, defined as the age of water transpiring from vegetation since time of entry, is a particularly understudied aspect of the terrestrial hydrologic cycle. Here we use a synergy of satellite remote sensing measurements over a five-year period to estimate global aboveground vegetation water storage to be on average 484 km³, roughly half of which is stored in Earth’s water-limited savannah, grassland and shrubland ecosystems. We then combine these storage …

Elementary Teachers’ Experiences Supporting The Academic Growth And Development Of Students On The Autism Spectrum In Inclusion Classrooms, Erica Williams Harryman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem addressed in this study is that elementary inclusion teachers in urban school districts in a northeastern state in the United States struggle to support the academic growth and development of their students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of these teachers and identify the institutional conditions they perceive as necessary to foster positive academic outcomes for students with ASD, informing the study's two research questions. Framed by Bandura’s social cognitive theory, particularly its principle of triadic reciprocality, the study employed a basic qualitative design. Twelve elementary inclusion teachers participated …

The Impact Of Intellectual Capital On Earnings Management Across The Firm Life Cycle: A Study Of Manufacturing Companies Listed On The Idx From 2020 To 2023, Ashila Taqiyya Ruzami, Nanny Dewi Tanzil

Journal of Accounting Auditing and Business

This study aims to determine how each element of intellectual capital affects earnings management based on the business life cycle. The data used for this study come from manufacturing companies listed on the IDX from 2020 to 2023. Overall, the research sample consists of 121 companies. The criteria for classifying a company's life cycle are based on the company's average sales growth. This study uses panel data regression analysis through the EViews 12 application. The results conclude that all intellectual capital components negatively influence earnings management, regardless of the company's life cycle. Meanwhile, HCE has a significant negative effect at …

Impact Of Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria On The Growth Of Arabidopsis Thaliana Under Salt Stress, Behi̇ye Nur Aksoy, Hamza Ettadili, Caner Vural

Turkish Journal of Botany

The effect of a microbial mixture containing anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (APB) on the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Col-0 under salt stress was investigated. To induce salt stress, 150 mM NaCl was applied to A. thaliana. Four treatments were employed to assess the impact of APB: (1) control plants, (2) plants inoculated with a mixture of enriched photosynthetic bacteria, (3) plants inoculated with a mixture of enriched photosynthetic bacteria and irrigated with 150 mM NaCl solution, and (4) plants irrigated with 150 mM NaCl solution. The analysis demonstrated that the inoculated plants exhibited increased leaf formation and leafsize. Furthermore, an …

Building Toward Population Reserve And A Critical Positive Psychiatry, Peter J. Whitehouse

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Microrna 133a Regulates Squalene Epoxidase Expression In Colorectal Cancer Cells To Control Cell Proliferation And Cholesterol Production, Ji Su Mo, Santosh Lamichhane, Grinsun Sharma, Soo Cheon Chae

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with high incidence and mortality rates. MicroRNAs are endogenous and non-coding RNAs that play a pivotal role in the development and progression of various cancers by targeting specific genes. Previously, we identified MIR133A to be significantly decreased in human CRC tissues. This study aims to identify the relationship with SQLE, one of the candidate target genes of MIR133A, and study their interaction in CRC cells. Methods: Through the luciferase reporter assay, quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), and Western blot analysis. Results: We identified SQLE as a direct target gene of …

On Translating Adelina Gurrea’S “La Doncella Que Vivió Tres Vidas”, Jonathan Chua, Ma. Luisa Young

Perspectives in the Arts and Humanities Asia

This is an account of the translation process that went into the English translation of the story “La doncella que vivió tres vidas” (1943) by Adelina Gurrea, a writer of Spanish and Filipino descent. Gurrea’s Cuentos de Juana, from which the story is taken, occupies a liminal space in the literary history of the Philippines, as it was published in Spain for a Spanish-reading audience, yet it is borne of her childhood in Negros, in the Philippines. The story illustrates Maria Tymoczko’s observation that postcolonial writing and interlingual translation are similar. Both are acts of representing the “foreign,” a linguistic …

Tamm-Horsfall Protein Augments Neutrophil Netosis During Urinary Tract Infection, Vicki Mercado-Evans, Holly Branthoover, Claude Chew, Camille Serchejian, Alexander B Saltzman, Marlyd E Mejia, Jacob J Zulk, Ingrid Cornax, Victor Nizet, Kathryn A Patras

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Urinary neutrophils are a hallmark of urinary tract infection (UTI), yet the mechanisms governing their activation, function, and efficacy in controlling infection remain incompletely understood. Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THP), the most abundant protein in urine, uses terminal sialic acids to bind an inhibitory receptor and dampen neutrophil inflammatory responses. We hypothesized that neutrophil modulation is an integral part of THP-mediated host protection. In a UTI model, THP-deficient mice showed elevated urinary tract bacterial burdens, increased neutrophil recruitment, and more severe tissue histopathological changes compared with WT mice. Furthermore, THP-deficient mice displayed impaired urinary NETosis during UTI. To investigate the effect of …

Mga-Related Syndrome: A Proposed Novel Disorder, Bobbi Mcgivern, Michelle M Morrow, Erin Torti, Kirsty Mcwalter, Ingrid M Wentzensen, Kristin G Monaghan, Amanda Gerard, Laurie Robak, David Chitayat, Claire Botsford, Sarah Jurgensmeyer, Peter Leahy, Paul Kruszka

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

MGA (OMIM: 616061) encodes a dual-specificity transcription factor that regulates the expression of Max-network and T-box family target genes, important in embryogenesis. Previous studies have linked MGA to various phenotypes, including neurodevelopmental disorders, congenital heart disease, and early-onset Parkinson's disease. Here, we describe the clinical phenotype of individuals with de novo, heterozygous predicted loss-of-function variants in MGA, suggesting a unique disorder involving both neurodevelopmental and congenital anomalies. In addition to developmental delays, certain congenital anomalies were present in all individuals in this cohort including cardiac anomalies, male genital malformations, and craniofacial dysmorphisms. Additional findings seen in multiple individuals in this …

Elementary Teachers’ Experiences Supporting The Academic Growth And Development Of Students On The Autism Spectrum In Inclusion Classrooms, Erica Williams Harryman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem addressed in this study is that elementary inclusion teachers in urban school districts in a northeastern state in the United States struggle to support the academic growth and development of their students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of these teachers and identify the institutional conditions they perceive as necessary to foster positive academic outcomes for students with ASD, informing the study's two research questions. Framed by Bandura’s social cognitive theory, particularly its principle of triadic reciprocality, the study employed a basic qualitative design. Twelve elementary inclusion teachers participated …

Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Shared And Distinct Genetic Architecture Of Fatty Acids And Oxylipins In The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latinos, Carolina G Downie, Heather M Highland, Mona Alotaibi, Barrett M Welch, Annie Green Howard, Susan Cheng, Nick Miller, Mohit Jain, Robert C Kaplan, Adam G Lilly, Tao Long, Tamar Sofer, Bharat Thyagarajan, Bing Yu, Kari E North, Christy L Avery

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Bioactive fatty acid-derived oxylipin molecules play key roles mediating inflammation and oxidative stress. Circulating levels of fatty acids and oxylipins are influenced by environmental and genetic factors; characterizing the genetic architecture of bioactive lipids could yield new insights into underlying biology. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 81 fatty acids and oxylipins in 11,584 Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) participants with genetic and lipidomic data measured at study baseline (58.6% female, mean age = 46.1 years (standard deviation 13.8)). Additionally, given the effects of central obesity on inflammation, we examined interactions with waist circumference using two-degree-of-freedom …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Botany

No abstract provided.

Molecular Identification And Functional Characterization Of A Stilbene Synthase Gene In Rheum Officinale, Gaoxin Hao, Mengmeng Liu, Qiao Du, Xia Zhao, Feng Yan, Xiaochen Hu, Jing Gao, Liang Peng, Yimin Li, Gang Zhang

Turkish Journal of Botany

Stilbene synthase (STS), is a pivotal gene involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of stilbenes compounds, playing a crucial role in plant growth, development and stress adaptation. Meantime, stilbene compounds hold promising prospects of the wide-ranging clinical applications. Rheum officinale contains abundant stilbene compounds, yet the precise regulatory genes governing their biosynthesis remain elusive. In this study, the ORF of RoSTS gene was amplified, yielding a length of 1,140 bp and encoding a protein consisting of 379 amino acids with a relative molecular mass of 41 640.25 Da. The RoSTS protein contained the conserved residues (Cys 164, His 303, and …

Neoadjuvant Or Concurrent Atezolizumab With Chemoradiation For Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Randomized Phase I Trial, Jyoti Mayadev, Dmitriy Zamarin, Wei Deng, Heather A. Lankes, Giulio Pesci, Hayeon Kim, Junzo P. Chino, Barbara Banbury, Ned Sherry, Elad Sharon, Sharad A. Ghamande, Catherine Ferguson, Loren Mell, Laura Holman, Cara Mathews, David O'Malley, Alexander Olawaiye, Elizabeth Hopp, Charles Leath, Larry Copeland, Robert Mannel, Roisin O'Cearbhaill, Carol Aghajanian, Russell J. Schilder

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Combined immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and chemoradiation (CRT) is approved in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) but optimal sequencing of CRT and ICB is unknown. NRG-GY017 (NCT03738228) was a randomized phase I trial of atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) neoadjuvant and concurrent with CRT (Arm A) vs. concurrent with CRT (Arm B) in patients with high-risk node-positive LACC. The primary endpoint was the fraction of expanded tumor-associated T-cell receptor (TCR) clones in blood at day 21 as a surrogate measure of anti-tumor immune response. Secondary objectives were safety and feasibility, 2-year disease-free survival (DFS), and predictive value of PD-L1 expression. Forty …

Bone Marrow Transplantation Reverses Metabolic Alterations In Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency: A Case Series, Nishitha R Pillai, Ning Liu, Xiyuan Li, Xiqi Li, Rebecca Ahrens-Nicklas, Laura Adang, Julie B Eisengart, Grace Bronken, Ashish Gupta, Troy C Lund, Chester B Whitley, Sarah H Elsea, Paul J Orchard

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is an exceptionally rare neurodegenerative disorder due to the absence or deficiency of 17 known cellular sulfatases. The activation of all these cellular sulfatases is dependent on the presence of the formylglycine-generating enzyme, which is encoded by the SUMF1 gene. Disease-causing homozygous or compound heterozygous variants in SUMF1 result in MSD. Other than symptomatic treatment, no curative therapy exists as of yet for MSD. Eight out of these 17 sulfatases are primarily localized in the lysosome.

METHODS: Two siblings with attenuated MSD underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), evaluating the possibility of lysosomal enzymatic cross-correction from …

Molecular Logic For Cellular Specializations That Initiate The Auditory Parallel Processing Pathways, Junzhan Jing, Ming Hu, Tenzin Ngodup, Qianqian Ma, Shu-Ning Natalie Lau, M Cecilia Ljungberg, Matthew J Mcginley, Laurence O Trussell, Xiaolong Jiang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The cochlear nuclear complex (CN), the starting point for all central auditory processing, encompasses a suite of neuronal cell types highly specialized for neural coding of acoustic signals. However, the molecular logic governing these specializations remains unknown. By combining single-nucleus RNA sequencing and Patch-seq analysis, we reveal a set of transcriptionally distinct cell populations encompassing all previously observed types and discover multiple hitherto unknown subtypes with anatomical and physiological identity. The resulting comprehensive cell-type taxonomy reconciles anatomical position, morphological, physiological, and molecular criteria, enabling the determination of the molecular basis of the specialized cellular phenotypes in the CN. In particular, …

Intervention Strategies To Prevent Mental Health Problems And Improve Resilience In Employed Parents From Conception Until The Child Is 5 Years Of Age: A Scoping Review, Neeltje Crombag, Bieke Bollen, Eline Vancoppenolle, Thomas Vandendriessche, Dagmar Versmissen, Martha Paisi, Jill Shawe, Susan Garthus-Niegel, Annick Bogaerts

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Aim: To understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to the effectiveness of intervention strategies targeting working pregnant women, and their partners, for the prevention of mental health problems (depression, anxiety) and improving resilience, from conception until the child is 5 years of age. Methods: A scoping review was conducted searching Pubmed (including Medline), Embase, Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus. Inclusion criteria were based on population (employed parents), context (from -9 months to 5 years postpartum) and concept (mental health problems, resilience and prevention/ preventative interventions). Results: Of the 17,699 papers screened, 3 full text papers …

Functional Characterization Of Qt Interval Associated Scn5a Enhancer Variants Identify Combined Additive Effects, Lavanya Gunamalai, Parul Singh, Brian Berg, Leilei Shi, Ernesto Sanchez, Alexa Smith, Ghislain Breton, Mark T Bedford, Darius Balciunas, Ashish Kapoor

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Several empirical and theoretical studies suggest the presence of multiple enhancers per gene that collectively regulate gene expression, and that common sequence variation impacting on the activities of these enhancers is a major source of inter-individual gene expression variability. However, for the vast majority of genes, enhancers and the underlying regulatory variation remains unknown. Even for the genes with well-characterized enhancers, the nature of the combined effects from multiple enhancers and their variants, when known, on gene expression regulation remains unexplored. Here, we have evaluated the combined effects from five SCN5A enhancers and their regulatory variants that are known to …

A Phase Ia Study Of A Novel Anti-Her2 Antibody-Drug Conjugate Gq1001 In Patients With Previously Treated Her2 Positive Advanced Solid Tumors, Chenfei Zhou, Bin Wang, Christina Teng, Hui Yang, Sarina A Piha-Paul, Gary Richardson, Ashanya Malalasekera, Yajun Sun, Wei Wang, Jieqiong Liu, Yan Shi, Xianbao Zhan, Charlotte Lemech

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: A novel anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) GQ1001 was assessed in patients with previously treated HER2 positive advanced solid tumors in a global multi-center phase Ia dose escalation trial.

Methods: In this phase Ia trial, a modified 3 + 3 study design was adopted during dose escalation phase. Eligible patients were enrolled, and GQ1001 monotherapy was administered intravenously every 3 weeks. The starting dose was 1.2 mg/kg, followed by 2.4, 3.6, 4.8, 6.0, 7.2 and 8.4 mg/kg. Extra patients were enrolled into 6.0, 7.2, and 8.4 mg/kg cohorts as dose expansion phase. The primary …

Alleviation Of Liver Fibrosis By Inhibiting A Non-Canonical Atf4-Regulated Enhancer Program In Hepatic Stellate Cells, Li-Xian Yang, Chuangye Qi, Si Lu, Xiang-Shi Ye, Parnaz Merikhian, Du-Yu Zhang, Tao Yao, Jiang-Sha Zhao, Ying Wu, Yongshi Jia, Bo Shan, Jinghai Chen, Xiaozhou Mou, Jia You, Wenbo Li, Yu-Xiong Feng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Liver fibrosis is a critical liver disease that can progress to more severe manifestations, such as cirrhosis, yet no effective targeted therapies are available. Here, we identify that ATF4, a master transcription factor in ER stress response, promotes liver fibrosis by facilitating a stress response-independent epigenetic program in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Unlike its canonical role in regulating UPR genes during ER stress, ATF4 activates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) gene transcription under fibrogenic conditions. HSC-specific depletion of ATF4 suppresses liver fibrosis in vivo. Mechanistically, TGFβ resets ATF4 to orchestrate a unique enhancer program for the transcriptional activation of pro-fibrotic EMT genes. …

Utah Producers And Soil Health: Statewide Survey Results, Peggy Petrzelka, Jessica Ulrich-Schad, Matt Yost, Jenae Dean, Earl Creech, Linda Schott, Tony Richards, Kristy Davis

All Current Publications

To gain soil health perspectives and actions from a representative sample of Utah farmers and ranchers, a mail and online survey of Utah producers was conducted in 2024, focused on those who indicated they produced crops in 2023. In this report, we provide an overview of the survey results, with a specific focus on producers’ views on soil health, indicators used for soil health, factors that influence soil health adoption, and information sources used for soil health.

The Effect Of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation On Cardiovascular Function In Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients: A Randomized Trial, Gansheng Tan, Anna L Huguenard, Kara M Donovan, Phillip Demarest, Xiaoxuan Liu, Ziwei Li, Markus Adamek, Kory Lavine, Ananthv K Vellimana, Terrance T Kummer, Joshua W Osbun, Gregory J Zipfel, Peter Brunner, Eric C Leuthardt

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is characterized by intense central inflammation, leading to substantial post-hemorrhagic complications such as vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia. Given the anti-inflammatory effect of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) and its ability to promote brain plasticity, taVNS has emerged as a promising therapeutic option for SAH patients. However, the effects of taVNS on cardiovascular dynamics in critically ill patients, like those with SAH, have not yet been investigated. Given the association between cardiac complications and elevated risk of poor clinical outcomes after SAH, it is essential to characterize the cardiovascular effects of taVNS to ensure this …

Synthesis Of Cultural Responsive Learning: A Critical Analysis Of Culture, Learning, And Professional Practice, Alex Bishop

MAGIS: Student Development Journal

This piece is a reflective invitation, welcoming a curious mind in understanding culture and the imperative approach of cultural responsiveness in learning spaces. Through a critical analysis, this piece explores the knowledge gain and learning of culture, including the dynamic and fluid nature that align with each student as they navigate various educational and environmental spaces. Critical frameworks are outlined to enhance the importance of how culture systematically and socially unfolds. Finally, this paper provides tools of opportunity that can be utilized for the continued demonstration of a culturally responsive practice.

Militarized Sexual Labor: Violent Encounters Between Comfort Women And Japanese Soldiers, And Camptown Women And American Soldiers, Shoyun Claire Oh

Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II

No abstract provided.

Prostitutes, Power, And Policy: Reevaluating The Origins Of The Chinese Exclusion Act, Rosemary Huang

Historical Perspectives: Santa Clara University Undergraduate Journal of History, Series II

No abstract provided.

Remodeling Pedagogical Evaluation Tools To Incorporate Student Self-Efficacy And Sense Of Belonging In Scientific Research, Richelle L. Tanner, Nicholas P. Burnett, Emily E. King, Anne E. Todgham

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Curated undergraduate research experiences have been widely used at colleges and universities for decades to build student interest, technical preparation, and confidence in the pursuit of scientific careers. Educators often employ standardized survey instruments to evaluate learning outcomes for research experiences, but many of these assessments consider only technical skill development and career interests and are not rooted in discrete pedagogical theories. As higher education aims to create inclusive and equitable learning experiences for students, we argue that pedagogical assessment tools for undergraduate research experiences need to expand to consider outcomes such as increased science literacy, confidence in relational “soft” …

The Role Of Neurofilament Light (Nfl) And Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (Gfap) In Ms And Aqp4-Nmosd: Advancing Clinical Applications., Sara Samadzadeh, Roy D. Sleator

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

Fluid biomarkers such as Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Neurofilament Light (NfL) play important roles in the diagnosis, monitoring, and evaluation of therapeutic responses in conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Aquaporin-4 Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (AQP4-NMOSD). These biomarkers offer key insights into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of these diseases, enabling effective follow-up and personalized treatment approaches, which are essential for improving patient outcomes. Herein, we synthesize the structural attributes, functional roles, and clinical significance of GFAP and NfL in the context of MS and AQP4-NMOSD. We explore the critical implications of these biomarkers in disease manifestation and …

Factors Associated With Parental Substance Use And Child Welfare In Nevada 2019-2021, Lisa Christine Lee

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Substance use is a growing public health concern that is adversely impacting reproductive-aged individuals and families (Bruzelius & Martins, 2022). Parental substance use is increasingly driving family separation through the child welfare system. Substance use and family separation intersect with trauma and adverse childhood experiences in a variety of ways. Risk factors and race/ethnicity may contribute to family surveillance, bias, and disproportionality in child welfare and impact reunification and cause further trauma. This study explored associations between household characteristics and risk factors and services provided to families with reunification goals for families with child welfare involvement due to substance use …

Effects Of Sex, Mating Status, And Genetic Background On Circadian Behavior In Drosophila, Oghenerukevwe Akpoghiran, Alexandra K. Strich, Kyunghee Koh

Farber Institute for Neuroscience Faculty Papers

Circadian rhythms play a crucial role in regulating behavior, physiology, and health. Sexual dimorphism, a widespread phenomenon across species, influences circadian behaviors. Additionally, post-mating physiological changes in females are known to modulate various behaviors, yet their effects on circadian rhythms remain underexplored. Here, using Drosophila melanogaster, a powerful model for studying circadian mechanisms, we systematically assessed the impact of sex and mating status on circadian behavior. We measured circadian period length and rhythm strength in virgin and mated males and females, including females mated to males lacking Sex Peptide (SP), a key mediator of post-mating changes. Across four wild-type and …

Mental Rotation: Psychometric Analysis Of The Online Purdue Spatial Visualization Test: Rotations And Relationships Between Mental Rotation Skill And Engineering Undergraduate Success, Savanna Dautle

Theses and Dissertations

“Literature shows that spatial skills, and in particular, mental rotation skills, are predictors of success in STEM. Students who have strong spatial visualization skills are more likely to demonstrate better academic performance and higher graduation rates in STEM. Several instruments are used to measure mental rotation skills, most of which are paper-based… To measure the range of skills typically seen in undergraduate engineering students, the PSVT:R has been historically preferred for its use of a variety of 3-dimensional shapes, which are appropriately challenging to visualize, and for its established reliability and validity [using classical test theory]. An [online] version of …