Digital Commons Network^™

A Hormone-Dependent Trna Half Promotes Cell Cycle Progression Via Destabilization Of P21 Mrna, Takuya Kawamura, Megumi Shigematsu, Yohei Kirino

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

tRNA halves are among the most abundant short non-coding RNAs in the cellular transcriptome. Here we report that in androgen receptor-positive LNCaP prostate cancer cells, the hormone-dependent 5'-tRNALysCUU half promoted cell proliferation by facilitating cell cycle progression. Global mRNA profiling upon the 5'-tRNALysCUU half depletion revealed that the mRNA of p21, a negative regulator of the cell cycle, is post-transcriptionally destabilized via a 5'-tRNALysCUU half-driven mechanism. YBX1, identified as a protein interacting with 5'-tRNALysCUU half in the cytosol, was shown to stabilize p21 mRNA. Specific sequences resembling the 5'-tRNALysCUU half, located in the 3'-UTR of p21 mRNA and termed LL588, …

A Novel Approach To Treat Trastuzumab Resistant Her2+ Breast Cancer: Activation Pkcδ, Maria Grazia Mejia Monroy

Master's Theses

In the United States, approximately one in eight women will be diagnosed with invasive breast cancer in her lifetime and one in forty will die from breast cancer. From among all the different subtypes of breast cancer, HER2+ can be found in approximately 20% of breast cancer tumors. HER2 overexpression has been associated with an aggressive form of breast cancer, increasing the risk of metastasis or recurrent tumors in 50% of patients. The standard of care for HER2 positive breast cancer, trastuzumab, has been effective for some patients; however, others develop resistance over time, leading to disease progression and metastasis. …

Loss Of Function Of The Zinc Finger Homeobox 4 Gene, Zfhx4, Underlies A Neurodevelopmental Disorder, María Del Rocío Pérez Baca, María Palomares-Bralo, Michiel Vanhooydonck, Lisa Hamerlinck, Eva D'Haene, Sebastian Leimbacher, Eva Z Jacobs, Laurenz De Cock, Erika D'Haenens, Annelies Dheedene, Zoë Malfait, Lies Vantomme, Ananilia Silva, Kathleen Rooney, Xiaonan Zhao, Amir Hossein Saeidian, Nichole Marie Owen, Fernando Santos-Simarro, Roser Lleuger-Pujol, Sixto García-Miñaúr, Itsaso Losantos-García, Björn Menten, Gaia Gestri, Nicola Ragge, Bekim Sadikovic, Elke Bogaert, Kris Vleminckx, Thomas Naert, Delfien Syx, Bert Callewaert, Sarah Vergult

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

8q21.11 microdeletions involving ZFHX4 have previously been associated with a syndromic form of intellectual disability, hypotonia, unstable gait, and hearing loss. We report on 63 individuals-57 probands and 6 affected family members-with protein-truncating variants (n = 41), (micro)deletions (n = 21), or an inversion (n = 1) affecting ZFHX4. Probands display variable developmental delay and intellectual disability, distinctive facial characteristics, morphological abnormalities of the central nervous system, behavioral alterations, short stature, hypotonia, and occasionally cleft palate and anterior segment dysgenesis. The phenotypes associated with 8q21.11 microdeletions and ZFHX4 intragenic loss-of-function (LoF) variants largely overlap, although leukocyte-derived DNA shows a mild …

Swi/Snf Atpase Silenced Hlf Potentiates Lung Metastasis In Solid Cancers, Jin Zhou, Austin Hepperla, Jeremy M Simon, Kangsan Kim, Qing Hu, Chuanhai Zhang, Lei Dong, Lianxin Hu, Cheng Zhang, Chengheng Liao, Alice Fang, Yayoi Adachi, Haoyong Fu, Tao Wang, Qian Liang, Fangzhou Zhao, Hongyi Liu, Masashi Takeda, Jun Fang, Hua Zhong, Peter Ly, Lu Wang, Payal Kapur, Lin Xu, Liwei Jia, Srinivas Malladi, James Brugarolas, M Celeste Simon, Bo Li, Qing Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related deaths, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, using clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), a tumor type with frequent lung metastases, we conduct an in vivo genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screen and identify HLF as a potent suppressor of lung metastasis. HLF depletion enhances ccRCC cell migration and lung metastasis, whereas HLF overexpression abrogates these effects. In ccRCC patients, HLF expression is reduced at metastatic sites and associates with epigenetic silencing mediated by the SWI/SNF ATPase subunit BRG1. HLF levels negatively correlate with migration potential in collagen. Mechanistically, HLF regulates LPXN expression, modulating the …

Senescence Caused By Telomerase Inactivation In Myeloid, Mesenchymal, And Endothelial Cells Has Distinct Effects On Cancer Progression, Joseph Rupert, Zhanguo Gao, Yongmei Yu, Mikhail G Kolonin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The effects of cell senescence in individual cell populations of the tumor microenvironment (TME) on cancer progression remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of cell senescence caused by inactivation of the catalytic subunit of telomerase (Tert) in distinct TME components. We generated genetic Tert knockout (KO) mice driven by the LysM promoter in myeloid cells, by the Pdgfra or Pdgfrb promoter in mesenchymal cells, and by the Tie2e promoter in endothelial cells. We compared the effect of the Tert KOs in syngeneic models of orthotopically grafted E0771 breast adenocarcinoma, RM1 prostate adenocarcinoma, and KPC pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Tumors in LysM-Tert …

Omitting Regional Nodal Irradiation After Response To Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, Eleftherios P Mamounas, Hanna Bandos, Julia R White, Thomas B Julian, Atif J Khan, Simona F Shaitelman, Mylin A Torres, Frank A Vicini, Patricia A Ganz, Susan A Mccloskey, Peter C Lucas, Nilendu Gupta, X Allen Li, Beryl Mccormick, Benjamin Smith, Rahul D Tendulkar, Vivek S Kavadi, Koji Matsumoto, Samantha Andrews Seaward, William J Irvin, Jolinta Y Lin, Robert W Mutter, Thierry M Muanza, Jannifer Stromberg, Reshma Jagsi, Anna C Weiss, Walter J Curran, Norman Wolmark

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The benefit of regional nodal irradiation in the treatment of breast cancer is well established for patients with pathologically positive axillary nodes, but whether it is also beneficial for patients whose nodes become pathologically tumor free (ypN0) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains unclear.

Methods: We evaluated whether regional nodal irradiation improves outcomes in patients with biopsy-proven, node-positive breast cancer who reach ypN0 status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with breast cancer with a clinical stage of T1 to T3 (tumor size, ≤2 cm to >5 cm), N1, and M0 (indicating spread to one to three axillary lymph nodes but no distant …

Global Tracking Of Marine Megafauna Space Use Reveals How To Achieve Conservation Targets, Ana M.M. Sequeira, Jorge P. Rodríguez, Sarah A. Marley, Hannah J. Calich, Mirjam Van Der Mheen, Michelle Vancompernolle, Lucy M. Arrowsmith, Lauren R. Peel, Nuno Queiroz, Marisa Vedor, Ivo Da Costa, Gonzalo Mucientes, Ana Couto, Nicolas E. Humphries, Sara Abalo-Morla, Scott R. Benson, Scott A. Shaffer, For Full Author List, See Comments Below

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The recent Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) sets ambitious goals but no clear pathway for how zero loss of important biodiversity areas and halting human-induced extinction of threatened species will be achieved. We assembled a multi-taxa tracking dataset (11 million geopositions from 15,845 tracked individuals across 121 species) to provide a global assessment of space use of highly mobile marine megafauna, showing that 63% of the area that they cover is used 80% of the time as important migratory corridors or residence areas. The GBF 30% threshold (Target 3) will be insufficient for marine megafauna’s effective conservation, leaving important areas …

Unraveling The Enigma Of Classification Of Synthetic And Genuine Information Using Machine Learning And Explainable Ai, Vishnu S. Pendyala

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

There is a preponderance of AI-generated text everywhere today. Literature shows that there has been considerable success in detecting such text. This paper uses explainable AI (XAI) techniques to get insights into the workings of the machine learning models used to classify synthetic text. In detecting such text, this work analyzes synthetic and genuine information from visualization and explainability perspectives. The text is converted into vector embeddings using Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach (RoBERTa). Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are used for visualization and Support Vector Machine (SVM) is used for classification. Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME), SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), and …

Special Issue, Nanolab Research Centre Student Articles, Preface And Contents, Furong Tian

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Development Of Antimicrobal Formulations From Natural Extracts And Silver Nanoparticles, Ellen Hoey, Lily Jaiswal, Shiv Shankar

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Ultrasound-Mediated Drug Uptake And Cytotocicity In Glioblastoma, Julianne Rogan, Janith Wanigasekera, Esen Efeoğlu

Level 3

No abstract provided.

Sample Storage Method And Collection Time Effects On Horse Hair Cortisol Concentrations, Grace Robertson, Savannah Rivers, Thomas Powell, Shea Porr

Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal

Serum cortisol concentration is the gold standard for evaluating stress in horses. However, it can be affected by circadian rhythms, environmental factors, and other excitatory events. Hair cortisol is less subject to these variables and is less invasive to collect, but there is a lack of published information on hair cortisol concentrations in horses. The objectives of this study were to examine 1) the impact of sample storage (Room temperature vs. Frozen) and 2) the effect of collection date (spring vs. fall), on cortisol concentration in equine hair. It was hypothesized that Frozen samples would yield higher concentrations than Room …

Children In Foster Care: Outcomes And Nursing Implications, Rachel A. Joseph, Emily Etterman

Wisdom & Compassion: The LUSON Journal

Background: Approximately 407,000 children remained in the foster care system by the end of 2020, with 217,000 entering and 224,000 exiting the system. The foster care system is meant to be a temporary living arrangement for children born into or raised in non-flourishing homes. However, the uniqueness of the system and the interactions of foster parents lead to undesirable foster home situations while the child is left in the system for longer times. The child in foster care faces several adverse life events that make it difficult for the child to develop into a successful adult. Purpose: This paper examines …

Volume 2, Issue 2 - Complete Issue

Wisdom & Compassion: The LUSON Journal

No abstract provided.

Research Integrity In The Era Of Generative Artificial Intelligence, Andrea Wilson, Cheryl Burleigh

Journal of Educational Research and Practice

Protecting research integrity is crucial for maintaining trust in the scholarly record. Historically, threats to research integrity stemmed from deliberate human actions, such as data manipulation and misrepresentation. Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) is increasingly prevalent in higher education and is capable of generating research data and scholarly papers almost instantly. The immediate production of research data challenges traditional standards of academic rigor and integrity. The purpose of this study was to explore the role and impact of GAI on research integrity and the scholarly record, emphasizing the need for robust safeguards. For this study, we submitted Likert-type survey questions to …

Changes In Morphology, Phenology, And Demography Of Several Avian Species Over 18 Years At A Restored Grassland, Ashley Mcmahon, Katie Stumpf

Georgia Journal of Science

In response to a changing climate and the loss of habitat, avian species are displaying changes in body size, migration phenology, and demography. Several species have adhered to Allen’s and Bergmann’s rules by displaying increased wing length and decreased mass, respectively, over time in response to higher temperatures. Climate change has also resulted in earlier spring migration and depending on species, either earlier or later fall migration. Finally, species affected by habitat loss often display male-skewed sex ratios and juvenile skewed age ratios. Our goal was to determine how body size, migration phenology, and demography have changed for grassland birds …

Productivity Of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) And Availability Of Phosphorous Under Different Sources Of Phosphorous, Walelign Demisie, Tesfu Mengistu, Tigist Abrham

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Common bean is the most widely grown nutritious pulse in the world and is favored by small-scale farmers in Ethiopia to ensure food security. However, the crop yield is low due to the lesser availability of phosphorous (P) in soil caused by P fixation (formation of insoluble compounds due to reaction of P with other minerals), and use of mineral fertilizers at a rate less than recommended because they are unaffordable for the poor farmers. Thus, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different source of P on productivity of common bean and availability of P. An …

Effect Of Artemia Nauplii, Microencapsulated Diet And Their Combination On The Growth Of Koi Carp (Cyprinus Carpio Var. Koi) Fry, Mohamed Khalfan Alwahaibi, Wenresti G. Gallardo, Ahmed Al Souti, Mohammed Al Qarni

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Koi carp (Cyprinus carpio var. koi) is an ornamental and economically important freshwater fish. Despite its global trade, knowledge on the suitable diet for optimum growth remains limited. To address this gap, we investigated the effect of microencapsulated diet, Artemia, and their combination on the weight gain of koi carp fry reared in glass tanks for six weeks at temperatures ranging from 29.5°C to 35.8°C. A total of 900 koi carps were randomly assigned to three treatments receiving different feed types at the same feeding time. Koi carp fry fed microencapsulated diet exhibited significantly higher (P < 0.05) final weight (0.42 g), weight gain (0.27 g) and specific growth rate (5.08%) compared to those fed Artemia nauplii only or the combination of both feeds. These results suggest that feeding koi carp with microencapsulated diet significantly improves the growth of koi carp fry in indoor tanks.

Effect Of Temperature And Salinity On The Survival Of Early Larval Stage Of Scalloped Spiny Lobster, Panulirus Homarus, Mohamed Al-Wahaibi, Wenresti Gallardo, Jupit Donoso, Michel Claereboudt

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

The scalloped spiny lobster, Panulirus homarus, is one of the most valuable and highly demanded seafood species. Due to its limited supply from the wild and its high value, commercial aquaculture of this species has gained considerable attention. However, information on the basic water quality requirements is yet to be explored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of different levels of culture temperature and salinity on the survival of early larval stages of the scalloped spiny lobster, Panulirus homarus. Stage-one larvae were obtained from an egg-bearing broodstock and hatched at a temperature and salinity of 26 °C and …

Chemical Composition Of Omani Red Seaweeds (Gelidium Omanense And Melanothamnus Somalensis) And Their Phytochemicals As Extracted By Different Organic Solvents, Abdullah Al-Nassri, Ahmed Al-Alawi

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences

Seaweeds are divided into three categories: green, brown, and red. Each group of seaweeds consists of several families that have differences in composition. Even at the genus level, there are differences in some ingredients, although in general composition, they are nearly the same. Environmental conditions, availability of nutrients, and maturity stage are the main reasons for composition differences. This study aimed to determine approximate composition, mineral profile, protein quality and phytochemical properties of Melanothamnus somalensis & Gelidium omanense seaweeds. Both seaweeds are very abundant in Oman and seaweed Gelidium omanense is one of the unique seaweeds to Oman. Five organic …

What Utahns Can Do To Strengthen Girls & Women: Findings From Community Conversations Across Utah, Corinne Clarkson, Susan R. Madsen

Marketing and Strategy Faculty Publications

For many people, Utah is a great place to live.¹ The state consistently ranks high in national rankings and boasts high volunteerism, affordability, happiness, outdoor recreation, social mobility, and more.² These top rankings emphasize qualities we can—and should—be pleased with. However, extensive research continues to show that women and girls are not thriving in many critical ways, and that has detrimental effects for Utah families and communities.³ From economic insecurity, limited access to mental healthcare, sexism in the workplace, and unequal representation in all sectors of leadership, Utah women face a myriad of challenges, often without the …

Tourism Networks As A Mechanism For Degrowth: The Case Of The Burren Ecotourism Network In Ireland, Aisling Ward, Shirley Millar

Publications

This exploratory paper examines how a community-based ecotourism network can sustain a destination from an economic, environmental and social perspective while pertaining to a degrowth approach that measures success beyond the traditional economic variables of volume and revenue. It focuses on the Burren Eco-tourism Network (BEN) in the West of Ireland, a region known for its unique landscape and natural heritage. Nine qualitative in-depth interviews were completed using a community-based tourism case study methodology. Evidence of a degrowth mindset was littered throughout the research and this was verified through the voluntary nature surrounding its origins, the equal requirements, training and …

The Epistemological Dimension Of Dewey’S Emergentist Metaphysics: Sense And Signification, Andrii Leonov

Center for Dewey Studies Essay Award

I argue that Dewey had a kind of naturalistic or pragmatic epistemology already in his Experience and Nature which constitutes the Pragmatic Epistemology View. Dewey’s naturalistic epistemology is exemplified by his theory of “sense” and “signification” and as such is the first order consequence of Dewey’s second order qualitative naturalism. Instead of the classical epistemological question, “How is knowledge possible anyway, überhaupt?”, Dewey’s pragmatically reconstructed version of it would be “How do we make sense of the world that is around us?” Instead of the classical “theory of knowledge,” Dewey’s pragmatic epistemology can be seen as a theory …

Effects Of Cerebral Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha On Systemic Glucose Homeostasis In Obese Mice, Gabriela Griepp

Honors Projects

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by impaired blood glucose regulation and persistent hyperglycemia. The central nervous system functions as a key regulator in the maintenance of peripheral normoglycemia. Obesity, commonly associated with T2DM, often leads to chronic inflammation in the hypothalamus, a critical brain center for integrating metabolic feedback and controlling outputs to peripheral organs. However, the physiological mechanisms through which obesity-induced brain inflammation affects glucose regulation remain somewhat unclear. Previous studies have linked one key pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), to metabolic function and glycemic control; however, the exact nature of its …

Sunrise At The Salton Sea: Environmental Justice, Land Use Change, And Hydrosocial Dynamics Of Solar Energy Transitions In The Imperial Valley, California, Dustin Mulvaney, James J. A. Blair, Alida Cantor

Geography Faculty Publications and Presentations

California's Imperial Valley, with lithium-rich geothermal brines, extensive flat agricultural fields with abundant desert sunshine, and access to transmission lines, is a leading case to explore interconnected themes around just energy transitions. Despite being the poorest county in California and one of the smallest, Imperial already provides 15% of the state’s solar electricity, and the region as a whole represents on the order of 25% of the state’s electric power capacity. This paper brings to light frictions over solar energy development that have emerged over the history of solar power development in the southern Salton Sea region. It describes the …

2025-06-04 Goodbye, Western Athletic Conference, Daniel Truog

The Spectator Online

No abstract provided.

Kaiso Mediates Transcription And Rna Splicing In Colorectal Carcinoma: Role Of Brca1 In The Kaiso Enhanceosome, Weifeng Luo, Manish Kumar Tripathi, Qi Liu, Lei Chen, Robert W. Cowan, Juliet M. Daniel, Chi Yan, Ann Richmond, Albert B. Reynolds

School of Medicine Publications

Kaiso (ZBTB33) is a transcription factor involved in mitotic clonal expansion and tumorigenesis in association with Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) loss of heterozygosity. ENCODE data show strong overlap of the Kaiso promoter-binding site—encode-derived Kaiso-binding site (eKBS) and many other transcription factors, including BRCA1. Here we sought to determine whether BRCA1 is a component of the Kaiso enhanceosome that regulates gene transcription. Using proximal ligation assays, immunoprecipitation followed by mass spectrometry, luciferase assays and ChIP-seq experiments, we evaluated the association between BRCA1 and Kaiso. Kaiso nuclear extract immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that Kaiso associates strongly with genes involved in RNA splicing and …

Expertise In Magicians - Testing The Insight Hypothesis., Gustav Kuhn, Alice Pailhès, Gg Cole

School of Psychology

Over the past two decades an abundance of research has examined the psychological mechanisms underpinning magic effects in order to gain new insights into human cognition. As part of this endeavour, it has been suggested that the experience of performing tricks in front of live audiences has given magicians unique insights. The aim of the present paper was to examine the nature of this expertise and investigate the extent to which magicians understand non-magicians’ beliefs about magic and the effectiveness of specific magic principles. In Experiment 1 we describe the skills that magicians believe make them experts, and the type …

Masculine Traits In Female Serial Killers: A Qualitative Analysis, Ashley Polk

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Female serial killers represent a minority in criminal statistics; their cases offer significant insights regarding broader patterns of serial killing behavior. The purpose of this study is to understand the role masculine traits play in the lives of female serial killers. This study involved using a qualitative research method to understand specific characteristics of female serial killers with common masculine traits and childhood experiences. Common masculine traits researched in this study were lack of emotions, aggression, control, dominance, and manipulation. The trauma control model and the gender scheme theory were the theoretical frameworks for this study. Data were collected by …

Seasonal Vertical Migration Of Large Polar Copepods Reinterpreted As A Dispersal Mechanism Throughout The Water Column, Katie Jones, Giuliano Laudone, Katrin Schmidt, Barbara Niehoff, Astrid Cornils, Wilhelm Hagen, Hauke Flores, Céline Heuzé, Nahid Welteke, Sabrina Dorschner, Matthias Woll, Robert G. Campbell, Carin J. Ashjian, Cecilia E. Gelfman, Katyanne M. Shoemaker, Rebecca Jenkins, Benoit Lebreton, Gael Guillou, Clara J.M. Hoppe, Serdar Sakinan, Fokje L. Schaafsma, Nicole Hildebrandt, Giulia Castellani, Simon Belt, Allison A. Fong, Angus Atkinson, Martin Graeve

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Seasonal vertical migration of large lipid-rich copepods is often described as a mass descent of animals when primary production ceases, with important implications for mesopelagic food webs and global carbon sequestration. This view ignores the existence of surface-resident individuals, but here we show that non-migrants can form a substantial part of the populations of polar migrant species. In the Central Arctic Ocean, the biomass-dominant Calanus hyperboreus was evenly distributed throughout the water column from November 2019 to March 2020, with ~20% of subadults and adult females remaining in the upper 200 m and ~41% migrating to 1000–2000 m. These vertical …