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A Prospective Study Of Etiology And Clinical Characteristics Of Children With Short Stature And Response To Treatment, Vijay Sheker Reddy Danda, Madhavi Verpula, Srinivas Rao Paidipally, Krishna Reddy Thaduri, Piyush Lodha, Sandeep Reddy Devireddy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

OBJECTIVE:

To study the etiological and clinical profile of children presenting with short stature and to assess growth velocity in children after 6 months of treatment.

METHODS:

This prospective observational study was conducted between January 2017 to May 2018. One hundred consecutive children attending the outpatient department for short stature were thoroughly evaluated clinically and investigations were done as deemed necessary. The cases were followed up for 6 months to assess the growth velocity.

RESULTS:

Female to male ratio was 1.56. Nutritional short stature (NSS) and normal variant short stature were the most prevalent, with the equal frequency of 19% …

Obesity And Erectile Dysfunction Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Applications Of Binary, Ordinal, And Polytomous Logistic Regression Models, Anil Chankaramangalam Mathew, Benson Benny, Debin Sunny, Srigowtham Subramaniam, Senthil Kumar Rajasekaran

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this article is to provide a synthesized review of the models for analyzing data with ordinal response as the outcome variable and to evaluate their usefulness in examining the association of obesity with erectile dysfunction (ED) among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 204 married men aged 20–60 years with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes at the outpatient unit of the Department of Endocrinology at PSG Hospitals during May and June 2019 were studied. We examined the association between obesity and ED using binary, ordinal, and polytomous regression models.

RESULTS: …

Role Of Structured Exercise Therapy On Cognitive Markers And Stress Parameters In Young Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Harpreet Kour, V. A. Kothiwale, Shivaprasad S. Goudar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients face cognitive impairments owing to neuronal dysfunction following constant oxidative stress. The influence of exercise therapy in the management of DM is widely recognized among the elderly. However, its role among young adults in India is not explored. This study aimed to assess the effect of structured exercise on cognitive markers and stress parameters in young DM patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This interventional study with a pre- and post-model was conducted among 48 newly diagnosed type 2 DM patients who were asymptomatic for cognitive dysfunctions. Glucose profile was recorded by commercially available kits. …

A Study On The Perceived Impact Of Indoor Air Pollution In A Slum Area Of Kolkata, West Bengal, Sinjita Dutta, Vineeta Shukla, Mausumi Basu, Meghna Mukherjee, Ankita Mishra, Ripan Saha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Indoor air pollution is one of the most serious environmental health concerns in today's times.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective is to find out the sources and health effects of indoor air pollution as well as assess the housing conditions among residents of a slum area in Kolkata.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 households in a slum area of Kolkata. Data were collected using a predesigned, pretested, structured schedule by face-to-face interview and observation technique and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.

RESULTS:

About 56.8% of the study population complained of having at least one symptom …

The Psychological Status Of Resident Doctors During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Its Association With Resilience And Social Support A Cross-Sectional Study, Kathleen Anne Mathew, Kudrat Jain, Arya Jith

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the psychological status of frontline medical professionals who constantly work under stressful situations. The role of social support and resilience in safeguarding the mental health of resident doctors, is an area, which has not received due attention.

AIMS:

To assess the psychological status (depression, anxiety, and fear of COVID-19) and its association with resilience and perceived social support in resident doctors during COVID-19 pandemic.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among the resident doctors in a tertiary hospital in Kochi, Kerala.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A web-based survey created using Google forms …

The Other Corona Warriors A Kap Study On Covid-19 Among Janitors And Housekeeping Staff From A Tertiary Care Hospital In Eastern India, Vineeta Shukla, Ripan Saha, Ankita Mishra, Meghna Mukherjee, Mausumi Basu, Raghunath Misra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Janitors and housekeeping staff are an integral part of our health-care system and are also in the frontline to fight this pandemic. COVID-19 infection is a new disease which currently has no specific treatment and vaccine, but this disease is preventable if there is a high level of awareness. This is especially important for housekeepers as they are unable to get adequate protection unlike doctors and nurses. They also receive less importance and appreciation than other frontline workers.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of janitors and housekeeping staff of a tertiary care hospital on COVID-19 …

Dietary Aldose Reductase Inhibitors And Prevention Of Diabetic Complications, Ameena Anjum, Janamolla Sreeja, Yarlagadda Swapna, Rajesh Bolleddu, Sama Venkatesh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Prolonged exposure to hyperglycemia can lead to the development of complications such as cataracts, retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy. Several mechanisms are supposed to be involved in this process such as increased aldose reductase (AR)-related polyol pathway, increased formation of advanced glycation end products, and excessive oxidation stress in the body. AR is the principal enzyme of the polyol pathway in the development of secondary complications of diabetes, and its inhibition provides a significant strategy to prevent these complications. Synthetic aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs) have been developed, but they suffer drawbacks and safety issues demanding research on natural sources for potential …

Effectiveness Of Meditation Programs In Empirically Reducing Stress And Amplifying Cognitive Function, Thus Boosting Individual Health Status A Narrative Overview, Rohan Arora, Reshu Gupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Meditation is increasingly being used to promote general health, to treat stress and stress-related conditions, and is also beginning to find its feet in cognitive therapeutics. This article intends to evaluate its impacts on stress and cognitive function, aiming to augment the understanding of the mechanisms and subsequent implications for individual health. A multistep approach was used for the purpose of selection of articles, which was based on shortlisting of titles, then abstracts and further full texts. Subject to selection criteria, keywords “Meditation,” “stress,” “cognition,” “reducing,” “health,” and “effectiveness” were used to search online databases and conduct hand searches. The …

Incidental Finding Of Non-Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome-Associated Ovarian Sex Cord Tumor With Annular Tubules, Kavita Mardi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Mimicking Like Lymphoma, Majed Abdul Basit Momin, Amit K. Sarda, Sunitha Kayidhi, Abhijeet Ingle, Dharmendra Kumar Borad

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL) is a rare idiopathic disorder. It is frequently underdiagnosed due to its nonspecific clinical features, mimicking like lymphomas, autoimmune diseases, and infectious reactive lymphadenopathy. Histological examination of the lymph node is the basis of diagnosis in HNL. We report a 40-year-old male patient who presented with fever for 4 weeks. After an extensive workup, laboratory investigations revealed progressive pancytopenia, gradual increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase, and ferritin with negative pyrexia profile. His radiological imaging including positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed multiple intra-abdominal, cervical, and axillary lymphadenopathies. Finally, the histological section from axillary lymph node core biopsy …

Determination Of Phenotypic Alteration Of Arecoline-Induced Buccal Mucosal Fibroblasts An, Ritiha Patil, Alka D. Kale, Deepa R. Mane, Dhanashree Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Oral cancer is one of the worldwide health problems accounting as the 6

th

common of all malignancies. Majority of the oral cancer develop from premalignant conditions of the oral cavity due to the chronic habit of tobacco chewing and smoking. The prominent cells of the oral mucosa are fibroblasts playing a major role in synthesis of extracellular matrix, wound healing, and wound repair. Arecoline, one of main ingredients of tobacco is considered as a risk factor for the development of oral premalignant lesions and cancer. The arecoline is reported to have both genotoxic and morphological alteration of oral …

Analysis Of Gut Bacterial Community Composition In Obese And Lean Indian Participants By Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, Tej Bahadur, Rama Chaudhry, Vishwa Deepak Bamola, Alka Mohan Chutani, Anil Kumar Verma, Jaishree Paul

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Human gut microbiota consists of variety of microbes which play vital role in the host development, physiology and homeostasis. Alteration in gut microbial composition or dysbiosis may lead to various diseases and lifestyle disorders including obesity. Since gut microbiota varies with differences in dietary habits and geographical locations therefore studies are required to look into the gut microbial diversity in Indian obese and lean subjects whose dietary habits and geography are different from the western world. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the microbial diversity in obese and lean Indian subjects.

Materials and Methods:

Subjects with similar …

Prostate-Specific Antigen An Overview And Its Current Status In The Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer, Siddalingeshwar Neeli, Manas Sharma, Abhijit Musale

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), which has high organ specificity and poor cancer specificity, has been widely utilized for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer; though it is not an ideal tumor marker. Its extensive usage in screening programs has resulted in a large number of unwanted biopsies, over-diagnosis and over-treatment of indolent cancers as well. Hence, various PSA derivatives and PSA-based tests have evolved to improve the accuracy of prostate cancer diagnosis. This article provides an overview of PSA and PSA-based biomarkers and their current role in the screening and diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Burden, Mortality, And Associated Factors Of Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ephrem Awulachew, Kuma Diriba, Asrat Anja, Feven Wudneh, Aschalew Gemede

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Pneumocystis pneumonia

has classically been described as a serious complication in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients caused by

Pneumocystis Jirovecii

pneumonia formerly called

Pneumocystis Carinii

Pneumonia (PJP). During the early period of the Acquire Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, PJP was recognized as one of the AIDS-defining illnesses for as many as two-thirds of patients in the United States. Despite the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), PJP remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to review existing literature on the burden, a mortality rate …

Zebrafish An, Shridhar C. Ghagane, Rajendra B. Nerli

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Tamoxifen-Loaded Transdermal Patch On Physical And Biochemical Parameters In Dmba-Induced Breast Cancer, Anjana Adhyapak, B. G. Desai

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The current study assessed the effect of tamoxifen-loaded transdermal patch in Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer.

Materials and Methods:

Different formulations composed of various concentrations of tamoxifen citrate, poly (SA: RA), glucose, mannitol were formulated and were evaluated in DMBAinduced breast cancer in female albino Wistar rats. Multiple parameters such as body weight, hemoglobin content, red blood cell, white blood cell, SGPT, and SGOT were evaluated.

Results:

Treatment with formulations showed a decrease in body weight contrast to disease. Equally, a considerable increase in hemoglobin was observed in the formulation treated group over disease grouping. Likewise, there decrease in SGPT …

Biochemical Features Of Blood Vessel Extracellular Calcium-Sensing Receptor And Their Physiological Mechanism Of Action In The Regulation Of Vascular Tone And Blood Pressure, Leta Melaku, Lemma Amsalu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) is a G protein coupled receptor superfamily that has ability to sense very small changes in extracellular Ca2+ with primary physiological function of maintenance of constant blood Ca2+ levels. In addition to being expressed in tissues involved in [Ca2+]o homeostasis, it is also expressed in tissues not involved in mineral homeostasis, suggestive of additional physiological functions such as control vasomotor tone and blood pressure. However, the exact cellular mechanisms involved in these responses remain unclear. Stimulation of CaRs on perivascular nerves is proposed to evoke synthesis and release of nitric oxide (NO) from pre-synaptic terminals, …

Comparative Evaluation Of Antibacterial Efficacy Of Green Coffee Bean Extract Mouthwash And Chlorhexidine Mouthwash Against, A. Gowtham, Chandrashekhar M. Badakar, Shivayogi M. Hugar, Niraj S. Gokhale, Rucha N. Davalbhakta, Riddhi Joshi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Dental caries can occur in an individual irrespective of age, which makes preventing the incidence of dental caries vital. The prevention of dental caries includes various types of oral hygiene measures. One such modality is the use of mouthwash. As chlorhexidine mouthwash causes several adverse effects, there is a need for herbal alternative. Green coffee bean extract is one such herbal alternative.

AIM:

The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of green coffee bean extract mouthwash and chlorhexidine mouthwash against

Streptococcus mutans

and

Lactobacilli

spp.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The ethanolic extract of green …

Jaffe's Kinetic Method Comparison Between Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry Standardized Versus Nonstandardized Method, Girish Konasagara Shanthaveeranna, Anitha Devanath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Serum creatinine is estimated by several methods in different laboratories, having varying degrees of bias and imprecision, leading to different values across the laboratories with the same sample. To reduce the interlaboratory variations in creatinine assay, creatinine standardization program was established by the National Kidney Disease Education Program Laboratory Working Group and recommended that creatinine calibration should be done with material traceable to an Isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) reference measurement procedure.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVE:

To compare the serum creatinine estimated by CRE (calibration nonstandardized IDMS with correction factor) and CRE2 (standardized to IDMS) method.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The …

Pharmacist-Led Intervention On Adverse Events Following Immunization At A Tertiary Care Hospital A Randomized Controlled Study, Nagel Baptist Menezes, Shashikala Wali, Madiwalayya Shivakantayya Ganachari

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

An adverse event following immunization (AEFI) is defined as “any untoward medical occurrence which follows immunization and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the usage of the vaccine.” Pharmacists who do not administer vaccines also have a role in promoting the importance of immunization in other ways, which include: (1) history and screening of patients, (2) patient counseling, (3) documentation, (4) formulary management, (5) administrative measures, and (6) public education and awareness.

AIMS:

This study aimed to assess AEFI and record and report AEFIs.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

Forty-seven individuals were screened and randomized into two groups. …

Qualitative, Quantitative, And Antioxidant Analysis Of Phytochemicals Present In, T. Sivapriya, Sheila John

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Many species of cinnamon are grown throughout the world. The bark of cinnamon has been used as a traditional medicine from ancient times. Scientific proof regarding the presence of active compounds responsible for its medicinal property in

Cinnamomum zeylanicum

is much needed.

AIM:

The present study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical properties and anti-oxidant properties of

C. zeylanicum

bark.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

After preliminary qualitative screening, the aqueous extract of

C. zeylanicum

was quantitatively assessed for total phenol, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and coumarin. The antioxidant property was evaluated by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay.

RESULTS AND …

Molecular Description Of Fibroblast Growth Factor And Mechanisms By Which Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Mediating Biological Actions And Acting As A Biologic Biomarker Of Cardiovascular Diseases, Leta Shiferaw Melaku, Negeri Debela

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family members are mostly secreted as signaling proteins with diverse functions in development and metabolism. FGFs can be classified as intracellular, paracrine, and endocrine FGFs by their action mechanisms. FGF-21 is a novel member of endocrine FGF subfamily with pleotropic actions. Recent findings indicate that FGF-21 can act as a cardiomyokine; that is, it is produced by cardiac cells and acts in an autocrine manner on the heart itself. The heart is sensitive to the effects of FGF-21, both systemic and locally generated, owing to the expression in cardiomyocytes of β-Klotho, the key coreceptor known to …

Acute Kidney Injury In Patients With Covid-19, R. B. Nerli, Manas Sharma, Shridhar C. Ghagane, Pulkit Gupta, Shashank D. Patil, M. Shubhashree, Murigendra B. Hiremath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

An outbreak of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was noted in December 2019, affecting Wuhan city, Hubei Province, in China. It soon spread to other areas across the world. It is well known that the diffuse alveolar damage and acute respiratory failure caused by the coronavirus remain the main features; however, the involvement of other organs is also noted. In this review, we have attempted to determine the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We conducted a literature search for relevant research papers published till April 25, 2020, using the electronic Google …

Comparison Of Effectiveness For, Barkha Shivkumar Tiwari, Anil V. Ankola, Roopali M. Sankeshwari, Pratibha Patil, Bhargava R. Kashyap, Uday B. Bolmal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

AIM OF THE STUDY:

The present study was undertaken to compare the effectiveness for two mouthrinses

Stevia

and chlorhexidine (CHX) on plaque and gingival scores among 12–15-year-old government school children in Belagavi city.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a triple-blind randomized controlled field trial which was crossover in design. The study included 70 children aged 12–15 years from two randomly selected government schools in Belagavi city. The study was divided into two phases: each phase lasted for 7 days separated by a washout period of 21 days in between them. Each group was subjected to both the interventions in a …

Rickettsial Disease Existence In India Resurgence In Outbreaks With The Advent Of 20, Abha Sharma, Bibhabati Mishra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Rickettsial infections are both one of the oldest and recently recognized reemerging zoonotic infections. Misdiagnosis and underreporting of rickettsial infections are significant public health problems leading to extensive investigations in patients with fever of unknown origin, thus contributing to economic burden on families. We review the situation of rickettsial outbreaks in India with the advent of the 20

th

century. We did a PubMed and Google search for literature available for rickettsial outbreaks in India. Literature was searched for outbreaks that were reported before the year 2000 and after the year 2000. The data were compiled and tabulated for comparative …

Use Of Artificial Intelligence In The Diagnosis And Treatment Of Prostate Cancer, R. B. Nerli, Shridhar C. Ghagane

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

A Mishap Of “Odd Characters” Disposed As Tormenting Obsessional Ruminations In The Psyche Of An Adolescent Boy The Etiological Design And Empirical Consideration As Per, Govardhan Belaguli, Suhas Kumar Shetty

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The present case vignette is on etiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) in an 18-year-old boy who had developed the symptoms of apprehension with obsessive thoughts (fear of odd numbers, being a victim of any bad events) since 3 years. His complaints were manifested since his parents met with a road traffic accident. His psyche had “believed” that, because of his absence at the time of the incident and due to odd characters (which were alleged as contributor subsequent to that accident), the “mishap had occurred.” His beliefs had manifested as with the influence of “these causes – a bad event …

Bio-Medical Waste Disposal In India From Paper To Practice, What Has Been Effected, S. Ramesh Kumar, N. Venkata Abinaya, Alaga Venkatesan, Mohan Natrajan

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Bio-medical waste (BMW) disposal is a very important but challenging task. Health-care waste contains potentially harmful microorganisms, which can infect hospital patients, health workers, and the general public. Exposure to hazardous health-care waste can result in disease or injury. The Government of India has been laying down rules, namely, Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, in 1998, The draft of Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling Rules 2011,), and recently Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016. Evidence from different parts of India show that the knowledge on BMW disposal among health-care personnel is low, and the practice of the same is not …

Gene Therapy For Childhood Neuromuscular And Neurodegenerative Disorders An Update, Prateek Kumar Panda

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The central nervous system is a rather complex site for gene therapy as it contains neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, and they have discrete and intricate interconnections between them, establishing a delicate balance. However, with significant advances in scientific technology and development of new viral vectors, now, gene therapy has a greater promise for pediatric neurological disorders, especially for certain neurodegenerative diseases, which still remains to be invincible by other pharmacological modalities. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector is the predominant vector used for gene therapy currently. Gene editing therapy using antisense oligonucleotides has been successfully implemented in neuromuscular diseases such as dystrophinopathy …

Quantification Of Mast Cells In Reactive Oral Lesions – A Clue To The Morphologic Diversity, Saurabh Shekar, Punnya V. Angadi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

OBJECTIVE:

Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH), pyogenic granuloma (PG), peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF), and peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) are common oral soft-tissue reactive lesions that correspond to excessive connective tissue proliferation as a reaction to trauma or irritational factors local to the oral cavity. These lesions have specific differences in their histopathologic appearances and behavior in spite of having common etiologic factors. Mast cells (MCs) are immune-regulatory cells that have an important role to play in oral inflammation and have also been associated with tissue remodeling and fibrosis in various disorders.

METHODOLOGY:

MCs were stained with toluidine blue in cases …