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Beyond Mechanistic Control: Causal Decision Processing In Neuromorphic Military Artificial Intelligence, James Giordano

Strategic Insights

This commentary explores how neuromorphic artificial intelligence, AI designed to mimic the causal and adaptive processing of the human brain, differs from traditional mechanistic systems and what this means for military applications. Traditional AI follows straightforward stimulus-response patterns that work well in predictable scenarios, but they struggle in complex, dynamic environments. Neuromorphic AI uses more human-like causal processing, integrating multiple streams of data and contextual cues to make decisions that better adapt to ambiguity and uncertainty. While this offers potential advantages in autonomy and operational flexibility, it also raises challenges for predictability, command and control, verification, and accountability. The article …

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Turkish Journal of Zoology

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Nontarget Effects Of Abamectin On Cysts And Three Larval Stages Of Marine Microcrustacean Artemia Franciscana, Hashem Khandan Barani, Sahel Pakzad Toochaei, Narjes Sanchooli

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Abamectin (ABM) is a widely used pesticide in agriculture and aquaculture worldwide. However, limited information is available on the toxic impacts of ABM on nontarget marine organisms, necessitating further research to investigate the toxic impacts of ABM on marine life. Hence, this study examined the acute (0.5–2.5 μg/L for 24 and 48 h) and chronic (0.125–0.5 μg/L for 7 days) toxicity of ABM on the marine microcrustacean Artemia franciscana under different incubation conditions and at different stages of development. To simulate a more realistic environmental scenario, some of the exposure tests were conducted in the presence of food or with …

Environmental Controls On Planktonic Community Variability And Ecosystem Responses In The Romanian Black Sea, Cristina Tabarcea, Elena Bișinicu, George-Emanuel Harcotă, Aurelia Țoțoiu, Oana Vlas, Elena Pantea, Luminita Lazar

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study examines the structure, distribution, and environmental influences on planktonic communities in the Romanian Black Sea, based on data collected from Black Sea national monitoring stations in June 2023. We assessed the qualitative and quantitative composition of phytoplankton, microzooplankton, mesozooplankton, macrozooplankton, and ichthyoplankton, alongside key environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient concentrations (nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, and silicate). The results highlight the dominance of dinoflagellates within the phytoplankton community, while copepods constitute the most abundant mesozooplankton group. Species from the Codonellidae family mainly represent microzooplankton diversity, while macrozooplankton is largely dominated by the scyphozoan Aurelia …

Cytotoxic And Genotoxic Effects Of Minor Temperature Changes And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Plantago Major On Oncorhynchus Mykiss Gonadal Cells, Semra Çi̇çek, Sevda Işik

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Temperature changes and nanoparticle exposure have emerged as critical environmental stressors with potential cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on aquatic species. This study investigates the impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), synthesized using Plantago major leaves, on Oncorhynchus mykiss gonadal (RTG-2) cells under different temperature conditions (23 °C, 24 °C, and 25 °C). RTG-2 cells were exposed to hexagonal ZnO NPs (≤100 nm) at concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, and 100 μg/mL for 24 and 48 h. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the sulforhodamine B assay, and genotoxicity was evaluated via the comet assay. Results demonstrated that both temperature …

A Comparison Between Phalangeal Skeletochronology And Cephalic Parietal Rings In Lizards, Marco A.L. Zuffi, Roberto Sacchi, Marcello Mezzasalma, Maria José Amaral, Miguel Angel Carretero, Fabio Maria Guarino

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The well-defined, layered organization of the cephalic scales in many lacertilians could offer a noninvasive alternative for estimating the individual age of these vertebrates. This study aimed to validate the method of age determination based upon the cephalic scale rings in the genus Podarcis, comparing it to phalangeal skeletochronology, a widely used and highly reliable indirect method for estimating the age of ectotherm vertebrates. We analyzed individuals of P. bocagei (n = 48), P. muralis (n = 16) and P. siculus (n = 8). For each individual, we compared the number of cephalic layers with the number of lines of …

Physical Activity, Screen Time, Dietary Habits, And Health Outcomes Among Children And Adolescents In The Middle East And North Africa Region: A Narrative Review, Shaikha Eisa Alnaqbi, Rahab Sohail, Hadia M. Radwan, Maysm N. Mohamad, Falak Zeb, Haydar Hasan, Mona Hashim, Tareq Osaili, Sharifa Alblooshi, Ayesha S. Al Dhaheri, Lily Stojanovska, Leila Cheikh Ismail

All Works

Background/objectives: Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene and anthropometric measurements might be associated with breast cancer (BC) risk. This study aimed to assess the interactions between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9939609 of the FTO gene, anthropometric indices, and BC risk among pre- and post-menopause women with overweight/obesity in Pakistan. Methods: This retrospective case–control study conducted on a convenience sample of 200 women divided into two groups: a case group comprised of 100 women diagnosed with BC, and control group comprised of 100 (age and menopausal status matched healthy women). Physical activity was assessed using validated questionnaire. Data on body …

Spartan Daily, September 24, 2025, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2025

Volume 165, Issue 12

Evaluation Of Robotic Swabbing And Fluorescent Sensing To Monitor The Hygiene Of Food Contact Surfaces, Siavash Mahmoudi, Clark Griscom, Pouya Sohrabipour, Yang Tian, Chaitanya Palleria, Philip G. Crandall, Dongyi Wang

Biological and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Effective environmental monitoring is critical for preventing microbial and allergenic cross-contamination. However, manual swabbing methods, commonly used to verify hygienic conditions, are prone to inconsistent results because of variability in pressure, coverage, and techniques. Two novel solutions will be explored to address these challenges: a robotic swabbing system with tactile sensing control, and a fluorescence/absorbance spectrometer for non-contact, protein-based residue detection. The robotic system was evaluated against trained and untrained humans, measuring water pickup, surface coverage, and pressure consistency. Concurrently, the fluorescence system analyzed model poultry protein soil to correlate spectral patterns with contamination levels. The robotic system demonstrated statistically …

Site-1 Protease Is A Negative Regulator Of Sarcolipin Promoter Activity, Isha Sharma, Meredith O Kelly, Katelyn Hanners, Ella S Shin, Muhammad G Mousa, Shelby Ek, Gretchen A Meyer, Rita T Brookheart

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The timed contraction and relaxation of myofibers in tissues such as the heart and skeletal muscle occur via the tightly regulated movement of calcium ions into and out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). In skeletal muscle, this phenomenon enables humans to exercise, perform day-to-day tasks, and to breathe. Sarcolipin, a small regulatory protein, prevents calcium ions from entering the SR by binding to and inhibiting SERCA, contributing to myofiber contraction. Disruptions in sarcolipin (SLN) expression are implicated in the pathophysiology of obesity and musculoskeletal disease. However, the mechanisms regulating sarcolipin expression are not clearly understood. We recently showed that site-1 …

Green Synthesis Of Copper And Silver Nanostructured Particles From Eremurus Plant Extract And Comparison Of Their Optical Properties And Antibacterial Activities, Doaa Ayad Kamil, Ali F. Al-Rawaf, Mohammed Yarub Hani, H.H. Obeed, Tabarek Falah Deindee, Mohammed Ridha Shaeed

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

In the present investigation, silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) nanostructured particles were synthesized from Eremurus plant by means of an environmentally benign methodology in which plant extracts served as both reducing and stabilizing agents. The resultant nanostructured particles were subjected to characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). XRD analysis confirmed development of Ag nanostructured particles with face-centered cubic (fcc) structure and also Cu nanostructured particles with cubic form. Moreover, the average crystallite dimensions obtained for Ag and Cu were 18.3 nm and 65.7 nm, …

Fabrication And Characterization Of Epoxy Resin Co-Doped With 2,5-Diphenyloxazole And Cerium Fluoride Nanoparticles For Radiation Detection, Akapong Phunpueok, Jaruwan Seangrit, Sarawut Jaiyen, Krittiya Sreebunpeng, Wuttichai Chaiphaksa, Kewalee Nilgumhang, Voranuch Thongpool

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

This paper presents the fabrication and characterization of a plastic scintillator prepared from epoxy resin doped with 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO) and cerium fluoride nanoparticles (CeF₃ NPs) for radiation detection. The CeF₃ NPs were prepared by a chemical process and examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM); it was found that the prepared particles were true CeF₃ NPs with an average particle size of approximately 17 nm. The CeF₃ NPs were co-doped with PPO into epoxy resin and formed into a plastic scintillator of 3 cm in diameter and 2 cm in length. Analysis of …

Healthy Aging And Pet Caretaking: Findings From The Health And Retirement Study, Beth A. Pratt, Erika Friedmann

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

The global population of 1 billion people ≥ age 60 is expected to double by 2050, likely increasing the prevalence of age-related cognitive decline (Alzheimer’s Association, 2019). Examining biological, psychological, and social (biopsychosocial) factors and possible moderation by other critical factors, including neighborhood physical disorder (i.e., graffiti, litter, vandalism, safety) and cohesion (i.e., mutual trust/solidarity between neighbors), may inform development of targeted interventions to improve biopsychosocial and cognitive health. Human-animal interaction (HAI) has been found to improve health outcomes and may be a viable option to enhance biopsychosocial factors and delay cognitive decline in older adults (Gee et al., 2017). …

An Observational Study Of Personalized Mhealth To Promote Wellness In Healthcare Workers, Mary S. Mccarthy

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Healthcare workforce resilience weakened during and after the pandemic. Nutrition, physical activity, and sleep deficits further diminish health status. Providing just-in-time resources may promote healthier behaviors in direct-care hospital staff. We had two study aims: 1) coach healthcare workers (HCWs) to make lifestyle changes that enhance wellness, and 2) compare high and low engagement with mHealth resources to achieve recommendations for cardiometabolic health.

Methods: In this 1-year prospective observational study, HCWs had 24/7 access to a dashboard built for personalized health messages and wore an activity and sleep tracker continuously. On-demand UVB phototherapy was available to boost vitamin D …

The Effects Of Lactation Practices On Lactational Amenorrhea: A Systematic Review, Helen Baker, Anna Newton-Levinson, Sharon Leslie

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: Lactational amenorrhea (LA) is a contraceptive method that suppresses ovulation postpartum through frequent and exclusive breastfeeding, with up to 98% effectiveness in the first six months if practiced optimally (Curtis et al., 2024). LA relies on consistent breastfeeding intervals and nipple stimulation, which inhibit gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion (McNeilly, 2001). Factors such as supplemental feeding, breast pump use, and early return to work may reduce LA's efficacy (Stuebe & Chen, 2022). This review assesses the impact of various lactation practices on LA to provide current insights and support informed counseling on breastfeeding as a contraceptive method.

Methods: Following PRISMA …

A Mixed Method Study On Nurses Pain Management For Hospitalized Persons Living With Dementia, Beverley F. Ingelson

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Purpose Statement: To assess factors influencing nurses’ beliefs and knowledge when assessing and managing pain in hospitalized older persons living with dementia (PLWD).

Background: Hospitalized PLWD often experience unrelieved pain. Pain is common in PLWD. Undermanaged pain accelerates changes in cognition, memory loss, and functional decline. Nurses’ personal feelings and professional experiences with pain may lead to inaccurate knowledge and beliefs based on negative stereotypes of aging and dementia.

Methods: A mixed method study was conducted using an explanatory sequential design. The quantitative cross-sectional survey study measured nurses’ self-perceived knowledge and beliefs about pain assessment and management in PLWD. The …

Motivation In Community Engaged Learning: For Grades Or Growth?, Anastasios Catanzaro, Sarah Mclean

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

Community-engaged learning (CEL) is a pedagogy characterized by reciprocal partnerships between academic institutions and community partners. Literature suggests that CEL has a potent ability to enhance skill, empathy and engagement in both students and community members. This investigation is a mixed methods study aimed to assess whether CEL can influence student motivation in a biomedical science CEL course. We found that student motivation is dynamic, and CEL supports both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation approaches.

The Impact And Strategies Utilized By College Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Kristi Lewis, Olivia Hansen, Amanda Kavaja

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

The COVID-19 pandemic only exacerbated the growing mental health concerns seen on college campuses. A qualitative study was conducted to identify the impact and the strategies utilized by undergraduates during the pandemic. Semi-structured one-on-one interviews were conducted with 15 undergraduates. Findings suggest that college students encountered academic challenges and social struggles during COVID. The academic challenges and social struggles experienced during the pandemic have only added to the growing mental health concerns of college students.

Fish Oil And Vernonia Amygdalina Leaves-Supplemented Biscuits Increased Insulin Secretion And Suppressed Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines In Type 2 Diabetic Wistar Rats, Omolola Soji-Omoniwa, Uthman Olanrewaju Abdulazeez, Christfavour Oluwaseyi Oloba, Samuel Olajuwon Kolawole, Johnson Opeyemi Olayinka, Emmanuel Olorunleke Oludipe, Anuoluwapo Faith Ajediti, Habib Tajudeen Yusuf

Al-Bahir

This research determined the effect of fish oil and Vernonia amygdalina-enriched biscuits (FVSB) on insulin sensitivity and inflammatory cytokines in type 2 diabetic rats. Forty-nine male rats were grouped into seven, i.e. A-G. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was induced in groups B-G by administering 230 mg/kg body weight [BW] NAD (ip) and 65 mg/kg BW streptozotocin (ip). Group A represented the control (Non-diabetic + unsupplemented biscuit), B (untreated diabetic), C (diabetic + 120 mg/kg BW metformin), D-F (diabetic + FVSB at 1g, 2g and 3g leaf inclusion respectively), and G (diabetic + conventional biscuit). The experiment lasted 35 days, …

A Case Of Extra-Arterial Vascular Anomalies In A Patient With Williams Syndrome, Meredith Barrientez, Katherine Forrester, Margaret Rozier-Chen

Journal of Pediatric Genetics

Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS), commonly abbreviated to Williams syndrome, is well described in the literature regarding its typical clinical presentation, which is the result of a heterozygous deletion within the genetic sequence located on chromosome 7q11.23. The gene for elastin (ELN) is located within this DNA sequence. Patients with WBS exhibit multi-organ involvement including cardiac abnormalities such as supravalvular aortic stenosis and connective tissue disorders due to the disruption of ELN.1 In this case, we present an infant born with extensive infantile hemangiomas, including cutaneous and organ involvement, verified by skin biopsy, and abnormal hepatic vessels. Our patient received an extensive …

Diagnosis And Initial Tratment Of Gorham-Stout’S Disease, Jesús González Cayón, Maria Del Carmen San Basilio Berenguer, Julio César Moreno Alfonso, Santiago De La Puente Pérez, Paloma Triana Junco, Juan Carlos López Gutiérrez

Journal of Pediatric Genetics

The Gorham-Stout’s disease, also known as massive osteolysis or evanescent bone disease; is an extremely rare disease characterized by a proliferation of intraosseous lymphatic channels causing progressive osteolysis. Usually, surgery, sclerotherapy and radiotherapy have been reserved for local and symptomatic control of the disease, while medical treatments have presented variable results that are not entirely satisfactory according to literature. The recent identification of germline-activating somatic mutations in the PIK3CA gene has opened the way to treatment with mTOR inhibitors, being Sirolimus an effective option with a low incidence of serious adverse effects. We present a patient diagnosed with GSD and …

Phenotyping And Provisional Diagnosis Of Mucopolysaccharidoses Based On Machine Learning, Srilatha Kadali, Shaik Mohammad Naushad, Vijaya Lakshmi Bodiga

Journal of Pediatric Genetics

In view of significant overlapping clinical features in mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) subtypes, clinicians face difficulty in differential diagnosis, thus requiring the need for a machine learning-based clinical tool for the provisional diagnosis of MPS subtypes. Out of 520 patients with suspicion of MPS, 296 patients were identified with MPS types. To develop the model, we took 53 clinical symptoms of MPS patients (n=255) into account for differential diagnosis. The diagnosis was based on enzyme testing. Among mucopolysaccharidoses, MPS I was the most prevalent. Different machine learning tools were examined, and classification and regression tree (CART) emerged as the most promising. The …

Systematic Exploration Of Trpv6 Variants In Pancreatitis: Unraveling Genetic Associations And Pathophysiological Insights Through Comprehensive Systematic Review And In-Silico Analysis, Omar Alomari, Rumeysa Yegin, Muhammed Edib Mokresh, Ghazaleh Kokabi Ghahremanpour, Nurullah Komurcu, Elif Nur Ari, Magda Wojtara, Ali Karaman, Abdulqadir J. Nashwan

Journal of Pediatric Genetics

Background and Aims: The transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 6 (TRPV6), a calcium-selective channel, is crucial for intracellular calcium (Ca2+) transport, impacting the maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis in the pancreas. Variants in the TRPV6 gene have been associated with disruptions in calcium balance, potentially contributing to chronic pancreatitis (CP). This systematic review aims to unravel the connections between TRPV6 gene variants and pancreatitis, with a particular focus on CP. Additionally, we conducted an in-silico co-expression analysis to explore the interrelationships among validated genetic variants associated with pancreatitis pathophysiology and TRPV6 gene variants . Methods: A comprehensive literature search was …

Bard College: An Ecosystem Of Engagement, Jonathan Becker

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

Despite its moderate size and rural location, Bard’s civic engagement efforts resonate locally, nationally, and internationally, and have significant public policy impacts. Bard has achieved success by making engagement central to its institutional mission, viewing liberal arts and sci-ences education as both a means and an end of civic engagement efforts, and forging an “ecosystem of engagement” that encourages organizational engineers, links student-led and in-stitutional initiatives, and unites a network of partners across the globe.

Healing On The Homefront: Convelescent Homes In England During Wwi, Elizabeth Rogerson

Montview Journal of Research & Scholarship

This paper explores the response to soldiers needing rehabilitation in World War One and how convalescent facilities impacted the everyday lives of injured men, nurses, and military medicine. During the Great War, there was an influx of the diversity of injuries due to the expanse of biological and machine warfare. Recognizing that field hospitals were insufficient, England’s War Office executed a plan to requisition public facilities and use volunteer forces not only to heal English men but soldiers from across the world. This paper establishes the context for the convalescing system in England and then its accommodation and improvisation for …

Antioxidants And Metabolic Biomarkers: Clinical Insights In Breast Cancer Patients, Rania Kareem, Emad Yousif, Taghried Salman, Muna Bufaroosha

AUIQ Technical Engineering Science

Breast cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths among women and the most common life-threatening malignancy identified in this population. The second most common cause of cancer-related fatalities in women is breast cancer. According to the most recent Iraq Cancer Requisition, breast cancer is the most common kind of cancer in women in Iraq, making up almost one-third of all female malignancies. Total of 100 patients with breast cancer was used in this study and compared to 100 healthy groups. Serum levels of vitamin C, vitamin E, Triglycerides, HDL, prolactin, cysteine protease, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were measured …

An Online Scientific Twitter World: Social Network Analysis Of #Sciencetwitter, #Scicomm, And #Academictwitter, Man Zhang, Lisa Lundgren, Ha Nguyen

Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Student Research

Understanding who makes up online affinity spaces as well as how information flows within those spaces is important as more people access news, research topics, collaborate with others, and entertain themselves. During a month-long period in summer 2021, we collected 100,000 tweets from 53,311 Twitter users who used the hashtags #ScienceTwitter, #SciComm, and #AcademicTwitter. We then classified users and determined the type of social network they formed. Scientists, the public, and educators formed this affinity space. They built connections by initiating activities and interacting with others, which created a Community Clusters social network structure, characterized by several medium-sized groups of …

Molecular Biophysics And Engineering Lab, University Of Mississippi. School Of Engineering

University Website Migration from WordPress

Molecular Biophysics sits at the crossroads of biology, chemistry, physics, and engineering—and is rapidly transforming how we understand life. Our lab focuses on the cytoskeletal machinery of the cell, aiming to uncover how molecular components work together to drive essential cellular processes. We study how motor proteins, crosslinkers, and cytoskeletal filaments coordinate to perform complex tasks like cell division, movement, and muscle contraction. By combining cutting-edge biophysical tools—including optical trapping, fluorescence microscopy, and QCM-D—we explore how these molecular interactions scale up to support the functions of living systems. This foundational knowledge helps reveal the fundamental design principles that govern living …

Multiscale Modelling Of Eg5: Structural Insights Into Microtubule Interactions, Atp Hydrolysis, And Allosteric Inhibition Mechanisms, Soundarya Priya Alexandar Ms

Theses and Dissertations

The mitotic kinesin EG5 is essential for spindle bipolarity and accurate chromosome segregation during cell division, making it a validated anti-cancer target. Unlike conventional microtubule-targeting agents, EG5 inhibitors offer mitosis-specific action, reducing neurotoxicity. Although inhibitors targeting EG5’s allosteric site-I have been extensively studied, mechanistic insights into inhibition at site-II, and their combined effects, remain underexplored. This thesis systematically investigates the structural and dynamic mechanisms underlying EG5 function and its inhibition using an integrative computational approach.

Conformational analysis, coarse-grained dynamics, all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, and protein network analysis were performed on EG5 motor domain structures and EG5-microtubule complexes. Results show that …

Monitoring The Hematologic Markers In Patients Undergoing Single-Stage Exchange Arthroplasty For Periprosthetic Joint Infection, Wenbo Mu, Juan D. Lizcano, Boyong Xu, Wentao Guo, Abudousaimi Aimaiti, Xiaogang Zhang, Javad Parvizi, Li Cao

Rothman Institute Papers

BACKGROUND: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication that necessitates a complex treatment strategy. Single-stage exchange arthroplasty, combined with intravenous and intra-articular antibiotic infusions, has shown high efficacy in treating complex PJIs. However, the impact of this approach on hematologic parameters remains underexplored. This study aims to evaluate the postoperative trends in blood platelet count, white blood cell (WBC) count, and neutrophil count in patients undergoing single-stage exchange arthroplasty.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 313 patients who underwent single-stage revision for PJI between June 2010 and October 2022. Hematologic parameters were monitored for the first seven postoperative …