Digital Commons Network^™

Optimism And Lipid Profiles In Midlife: A 15-Year Study Of Black And White Adults, Farah Qureshi, Jackie Soo, Ying Chen, Brita Roy, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Laura D. Kubzansky, Julia K. Boehm

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Introduction

Optimism is associated with better cardiovascular health, yet little is known about the underlying mechanisms and whether protective relationships are consistently observed across diverse groups. This study examines optimism's association with lipid profiles over time and separately among Black and White men and women.

Methods

Data were from 3,206 middle-aged adults in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study. Optimism was measured in 2000–2001 using the Revised Life Orientation Test. Triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol measurements were obtained at 5-year intervals through 2015–2016. Linear mixed models evaluated relationships between optimism and …

Gene Expression Of Stress-Related Biomarkers And Disease Presence In Gene Expression Of Stress-Related Biomarkers And Disease Presence In Crassostrea Virginica, Jaycie Keylon

Honors Theses

Crassostrea virginica, the Eastern oyster, is an environmentally and economically important species along the East coast and in the Gulf of Mexico. Environmentally, oysters are filter feeders, cleaning the water of contaminants. They also provide habitat and shelter for other marine species. Oysters are of significant economic value as seafood to nearby communities as well. Eastern oyster populations have been significantly adversely affected by the parasite Perkinsus marinus, which causes Dermo disease. Dermo affects oysters during times of warm temperatures and high salinities and has the potential to wipe out entire populations of oysters. Throughout this study, the …

Digital Economy: Development And Future, Yong Shi

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The digital economy has become a significant force in reorganizing global factor resources, reshaping global economic structure and global competitive landscape. This article first starts with the basic issues of digital economy, outlines three key components of digital economy, which are big data, intelligent algorithms and computing platforms. Then it reviews the development of international digital economies and the current status of China's digital economy, and summarizes the advantages and challenges of developing a digital economy in China. Finally, based on the "14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035", according …

Science And Technology Facilitates Tuberculosis Prevention And Control: Current Situation, Progress And Countermeasures, Cuihua Liu, Xiaobo Ren, Jing Wang, Yu Pang, Zhou Tong, George Fu Gao

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Tuberculosis (TB), a chronic communicable disease caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has harassed the human being for long-term and remains to be one of the major public health problems facing the world as well as the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. We are falling short of TB control targets set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations (UN). To achieve the ambitious targets of global TB prevention and control, there is an urgent need for immediate action as well as science and technology breakthroughs (e.g., a new vaccine and drug) to rapidly reduce …

Analyzing Modeled Torque Profiles To Understand Scale-Dependent Active Muscle Responses In The Hip Joint, Fletcher Young, Hillel J. Chiel, Matthew Tresch, Charles Heckman, Alexander J. Hunt, Roger Quinn

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Animal locomotion is influenced by a combination of constituent joint torques (e.g., due to limb inertia and passive viscoelasticity), which determine the necessary muscular response to move the limb. Across animal size-scales, the relative contributions of these constituent joint torques affect the muscular response in different ways. We used a multi-muscle biomechanical model to analyze how passive torque components change due to an animal’s size-scale during locomotion. By changing the size-scale of the model, we characterized emergent muscular responses at the hip as a result of the changing constituent torque profile. Specifically, we found that activation phases between extensor and …

Enrichment Of The Exocytosis Protein Stx4 In Skeletal Muscle Remediates Peripheral Insulin Resistance And Alters Mitochondrial Dynamics Via Drp1, Karla E Merz, Jinhee Hwang, Chunxue Zhou, Rajakrishnan Veluthakal, Erika M Mccown, Angelica Hamilton, Eunjin Oh, Wenting Dai, Patrick T Fueger, Lei Jiang, Janice M Huss, Debbie C Thurmond

Open Access Publications

Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Syntaxin 4 (STX4) levels are reduced in human diabetic skeletal muscle, and global transgenic enrichment of STX4 expression improves insulin sensitivity in mice. Here, we show that transgenic skeletal muscle-specific STX4 enrichment (skmSTX4tg) in mice reverses established insulin resistance and improves mitochondrial function in the context of diabetogenic stress. Specifically, skmSTX4tg reversed insulin resistance caused by high-fat diet (HFD) without altering body weight or food consumption. Electron microscopy of wild-type mouse muscle revealed STX4 localisation at or proximal to the mitochondrial membrane. STX4 enrichment prevented HFD-induced mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction through …

The Immunoregulatory Landscape Of Human Tuberculosis Granulomas, Erin F. Mccaffrey, Shabaana A. Khader, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Atlantic Richfield Company, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Npl Site Butte Priority Soils Operable Unit, Josh Bryson

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

2021 Final Butte Reduction Works (Brw) Smelter Area Mine Waste Remediation And Contaminated Groundwater Hydraulic Control Site Quality Assurance Project Plan (Qapp) For Microbial Analysis And Biotreatability Study, Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Transforming Obesity Prevention For Children (Topchild) Collaboration: Protocol For A Systematic Review With Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis Of Behavioural Interventions For The Prevention Of Early Childhood Obesity, Kylie E. Hunter, Brittany J. Johnson, Lisa Askie, Rebecca K. Golley, Louise A. Baur, Ian C. Marschner, Rachael W. Taylor, Luke Wolfenden, Charles T. Wood, Seema Mihrshahi, Alison J. Hayes, Chris Rissel, Kristy P. Robledo, Denise A. O'Connor, David Espinoza, Lukas P. Staub, Paul Chadwick, Sarah Taki, Angie Barba, Sol Libesman, Ana Maria Linares

Nursing Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Behavioural interventions in early life appear to show some effect in reducing childhood overweight and obesity. However, uncertainty remains regarding their overall effectiveness, and whether effectiveness differs among key subgroups. These evidence gaps have prompted an increase in very early childhood obesity prevention trials worldwide. Combining the individual participant data (IPD) from these trials will enhance statistical power to determine overall effectiveness and enable examination of individual and trial-level subgroups. We present a protocol for a systematic review with IPD meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of obesity prevention interventions commencing antenatally or in the first year after birth, and …

2022-01-20 Follow-Up On Athletic Costs, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

A presentation delivered to the Faculty Senate on January 20, 2022 following up on an earlier explanation on the budget of the Athletics Department.

Comprehensive Structure And Functional Adaptations Of The Yeast Nuclear Pore Complex, Christopher W Akey, Digvijay Singh, Christna Ouch, Ignacia Echeverria, Ilona Nudelman, Joseph M Varberg, Zulin Yu, Fei Fang, Yi Shi, Junjie Wang, Daniel Salzberg, Kangkang Song, Chen Xu, James C Gumbart, Sergey Suslov, Jay Unruh, Sue L Jaspersen, Brian T Chait, Andrej Sali, Javier Fernandez-Martinez, Steven J Ludtke, Elizabeth Villa, Michael P Rout

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) mediate the nucleocytoplasmic transport of macromolecules. Here we provide a structure of the isolated yeast NPC in which the inner ring is resolved by cryo-EM at sub-nanometer resolution to show how flexible connectors tie together different structural and functional layers. These connectors may be targets for phosphorylation and regulated disassembly in cells with an open mitosis. Moreover, some nucleoporin pairs and transport factors have similar interaction motifs, which suggests an evolutionary and mechanistic link between assembly and transport. We provide evidence for three major NPC variants that may foreshadow functional specializations at the nuclear periphery. Cryo-electron …

Synergy Between Compost And Cover Crops In A Mediterranean Row Crop System Leads To Increased Subsoil Carbon Storage, Daniel Rath, Nathaniel Bogie, Leonardo Deiss, Sanjai J. Parikh, Daoyuan Wang, Samantha Ying, Nicole Tautges, Asmeret Asefaw Berhe, Teamrat A. Ghezzehei, Kate M. Scow

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Subsoil carbon (C) stocks are a prime target for efforts to increase soil C storage for climate change mitigation. However, subsoil C dynamics are not well understood, especially in soils under long-term intensive agricultural management. We compared subsoil C storage and soil organic matter (SOM) composition in tomato-corn rotations after 25 years of differing C and nutrient management in the California Central Valley: CONV (mineral fertilizer), CONV+WCC (mineral fertilizer and cover crops), and ORG (composted poultry manure and cover crops). The cover crop mix used in these systems is a mix of oat (Avena sativa L.), faba bean (Vicia faba …

Defining Routine Fatigue Care In Multiple Sclerosis In The United Kingdom: What Treatments Are Offered And Who Gets Them?, Federica Picariello, Jennifer Freeman, Rona Moss-Morris

School of Health Professions

Background Fatigue is common and disabling in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). A recent meta-analytic systematic review reported 113 trials of exercise and behavioural interventions for fatigue, yet patients consistently describe fatigue being under-treated. The extent of the research-to-practice gap is yet to be documented. Objective To describe what fatigue treatments people with MS (pwMS) in the United Kingdom (UK) have been offered. Methods A cross-sectional survey of pwMS on the UK MS Register (UKMSR). Data on fatigue treatments offered were collected using an online questionnaire developed with patient input and summarised using descriptive statistics. Sociodemographic, MS-related, and psychological factors associated with …

Colonial Fault Lines: First Nations Autonomy And Indigenous Lands In The Time Of Covid-19, Alexandra Flynn, Signa Daum Shanks

All Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 crisis has exposed the political and economic fault lines in the exercise of power across multiple jurisdictions. This article focuses on the power of First Nations to make enforceable decisions in respect to reserve lands, specifically the powers First Nations have to enforce public health restrictions during the pandemic. We argue that Canadian law both enables First Nations to assert decisionmaking in respect to their lands, and undermines Indigenous authority in relation to enforcement and intergovernmental status. This paper is part of the SPE Theme on the Political Economy of COVID-19.

The George-Anne Inkwell Edition, Georgia Southern University

The Inkwell

No abstract provided.

Collaborative Environmental Approach For Development Of The Lower Laguna Madre Estuary Program Strategic Plan In South Texas, Javier Guerrero, Ahmed Mahmoud, Taufiqul Alam, Augusto Sanchez, Kim D. Jones, Andrew Ernest

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

The National Estuary Program (NEP) is a promising eco-system based approach to improve the water quality and ecological integrity of estuaries of national importance in the United States. Due to population growth and concomitant development pressure in South Texas, the future of the Lower Laguna Madre (LLM) without an estuary program is problematic. The development of a management plan for the LLM will enable the region to develop local solutions to local problems. The fundamental purpose of this research was to develop a strategic plan for the foundation of the Laguna Madre Estuary Program of the Gulf Coast of Texas. …

Developmental Impact Of Glutamate Transporter Overexpression On Dopaminergic Neuron Activity And Stereotypic Behavior, M Cohan, Jared M. Kopelman, Hannah Yueh, Hannah Yueh, Natasha Greene, Alexander Z. Harris, Peter D. Balsam, E. David Leonardo, Edgar R. Kramer, Jeremy Veenstra-Vanderweele, Susanne E. Ahmari

Peninsula Medical School

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disabling condition that often begins in childhood. Genetic studies in OCD have pointed to SLC1A1, which encodes the neuronal glutamate transporter EAAT3, with evidence suggesting that increased expression contributes to risk. In mice, midbrain Slc1a1 expression supports repetitive behavior in response to dopaminergic agonists, aligning with neuroimaging and pharmacologic challenge studies that have implicated the dopaminergic system in OCD. These findings suggest that Slc1a1 may contribute to compulsive behavior through altered dopaminergic transmission; however, this theory has not been mechanistically tested. To examine the developmental impact of Slc1a1 overexpression on compulsive-like behaviors, we therefore generated …

Using Cryo-Et To Distinguish Platelets During Pre-Acute Myeloid Leukemia From Steady State Hematopoiesis, Yuewei Wang, Tong Huo, Yu-Jung Tseng, Lan Dang, Zhili Yu, Wenjuan Yu, Zachary Foulks, Rebecca L Murdaugh, Steven J Ludtke, Daisuke Nakada, Zhao Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Early diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the pre-leukemic stage remains a clinical challenge, as pre-leukemic patients show no symptoms, lacking any known morphological or numerical abnormalities in blood cells. Here, we demonstrate that platelets with structurally abnormal mitochondria emerge at the pre-leukemic phase of AML, preceding detectable changes in blood cell counts or detection of leukemic blasts in blood. We visualized frozen-hydrated platelets from mice at different time points during AML development in situ using electron cryo-tomography (cryo-ET) and identified intracellular organelles through an unbiased semi-automatic process followed by quantitative measurement. A large proportion of platelets exhibited changes …

Design And Fabrication Of A Low-Cost, Portable, Battery-Operated Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (Sers) Optical Device, Blessing Adewumi

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Raman Spectroscopy is a time-honored, non-invasive method for analyzing and identifying the molecular composition of materials. However, unenhanced Raman Spectroscopy has extremely low sensitivity which limits its sensing capability. SERS brings rough nano-metallic surfaces in contact with the material molecules to enormously enhance the Raman signals.

The sensitivity of SERS can be exploited in probe applications where the spectrometer needs to be brought near the specimen. For example, a long optical fiber coupled to a SERS device can be used to characterize and identify easy-to-reach cancerous tissues in organisms. Unfortunately, background signals in a long fiber can easily mask any …

Evaluating Educational Efficiency In Texas Public Schools Utilizing Data Envelopment Analysis, Jeremy Thompson, J. Kenneth Young, Kaye Shelton

School Leadership Review

Policymakers and professional educators attempt to be good stewards of public funds while simultaneously raising expectations for student outcomes that reflect academic excellence in the public school system. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of Texas public school districts and the factors influencing the inefficiency of districts. This study is a replication of a similar efficiency study conducted by Carter (2012), which considered student performance in the 2009-10 school year on the TAKS tests. This study utilized quantitative research methods to gather data and implemented data envelopment analysis (DEA) to calculate a relative efficiency score for …

Transformers In Vision: A Survey, Salman Khan, Muzammal Naseer, Munawar Hayat, Syed Waqas Zamir, Fahad Shahbaz Khan, Mubarak Shah

Computer Vision Faculty Publications

Astounding results from Transformer models on natural language tasks have intrigued the vision community to study their application to computer vision problems. Among their salient benefits, Transformers enable modeling long dependencies between input sequence elements and support parallel processing of sequence as compared to recurrent networks e.g., Long short-term memory (LSTM). Different from convolutional networks, Transformers require minimal inductive biases for their design and are naturally suited as set-functions. Furthermore, the straightforward design of Transformers allows processing multiple modalities (e.g., images, videos, text and speech) using similar processing blocks and demonstrates excellent scalability to very large capacity networks and huge …

Directions For The Development Of Personal Subsidiary Farms And Increasing Sources Of Income In The Future, Yakupov Kabil

Karakalpak Scientific Journal

This article discusses the features of the development of personal subsidiary farms in modern conditions, defines their functions in the agrarian economy and in the life of society as a whole. Modern agrarian policy provides for the development of various forms of management, including personal subsidiary farms. Personal subsidiary farms are an organic part of the agricultural sectors and make a significant contribution to solving the food problem of the country. The provision of the population with food products is carried out by personal subsidiary farms through their own consumption, as well as the sale of surplus products.

Democratic Belonging As Informed Citizenry - Empowering Faculty To Empower Learners Via Information Literacy, Anna Santucci, Amanda K. Izenstark, Mary C. Macdonald

Public Services Faculty Presentations

Presentation at the AAC&U 2022 Annual Meeting as a Pre-Meeting Workshop.

Responsible citizens need the agility to navigate a changing information landscape. Intentionally designing learning experiences that integrate accessible Information Literacy (IL) skills for all students is a crucial step towards educational justice, a paramount responsibility in the democratic mission of our institutions. With this goal, the University of Rhode Island’s Office for the Advancement of Teaching and Learning has partnered with instruction librarians since 2018 in developing and facilitating a High Impact Teaching Seminar for faculty. Participants will learn about the seminar’s theoretical framework, impact and structure, engage in …

Commonwealth Times 2022-01-19

Commonwealth Times, 1969-

No abstract provided.

January 19, 2022 Greenmail, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

GreenMail (student newsletter through 2024)

No abstract provided.

Behavioral Responses Of Blue-Winged Teal And Northern Shoveler To Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys, Mason D. Ryckman, Kaylan Kemink, Christopher J. Felege, Brian J. Darby, Gregory S. Vandeberg, Susan N. Ellis-Felege

Biology Faculty Publications

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become a popular wildlife survey tool. Most research has focused on detecting wildlife using UAVs with less known about behavioral responses. We compared the behavioral responses of breeding blue-winged teal (Spatula discors) (n = 151) and northern shovelers (Spatula clypeata) (n = 46) on wetlands flown over with a rotary DJI Matrice 200 quadcopter and control wetlands without flights. Using a GoPro camera affixed to a spotting scope, we conducted focal individual surveys and recorded duck behaviors for 30 minutes before, during, and 30 minutes after UAV flights to determine if …

A Muscle Cell-Macrophage Axis Involving Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 Facilitates Extracellular Matrix Remodeling With Mechanical Loading, Bailey D. Peck, Kevin A. Murach, R. Grace Walton, Alexander J. Simmons, Douglas E. Long, Kate Kosmac, Cory M. Dungan, Philip A. Kern, Marcas M. Bamman, Charlotte A. Peterson

Center for Muscle Biology Faculty Publications

The extracellular matrix (ECM) in skeletal muscle plays an integral role in tissue development, structural support, and force transmission. For successful adaptation to mechanical loading, remodeling processes must occur. In a large cohort of older adults, transcriptomics revealed that genes involved in ECM remodeling, including matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14), were the most upregulated following 14 weeks of progressive resistance exercise training (PRT). Using single-cell RNA-seq, we identified macrophages as a source of Mmp14 in muscle following a hypertrophic exercise stimulus in mice. In vitro contractile activity in myotubes revealed that the gene encoding cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor ( …

The Current - Volume 32 Issue 17, Nova Southeastern University

Student Newspapers

No abstract provided.