Digital Commons Network^™

مقروئية كتاب الأحياء للصف الحادي عشر وعلاقتها باتجاهات الطلبة نحو المادة في سلطنة عمان. Readability Of The 11th Grade Biology Book And Its Relation To Students' Attitudes Towards The Subject In The Sultanate Of Oman, محمد الشقران, عبد الله سيف التوبي

Association of Arab Universities Journal for Education and Psychology

هدفت الدراسة إلى قياس مستوى مقروئية كتاب الأحياء للصف الحادي عشر في سلطنة عمان وعلاقته باتجاهات الطلبة نحو مادة الأحياء، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في دراستهما، كما أعدا اختبار التتمة (كلوز) لثمانية نصوص من كتاب الأحياء لقياس مستوى مقروئيتها، ومقياساً لاتجاهات الطلبة نحو مادة الأحياء، وزع كلاهما على عينة اختيرت عشوائيا مكونة من (94) طالباً وطالبة من طلبة الصف الحادي عشر من مدرستين من المدارس الحكومية التابعة لمديرية التربية بمحافظة مسقط؛ منهم (46) طالباً، و(48) طالبة. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى النتائج التالية: إن مستوى مقروئية كتاب الأحياء للصف الحادي عشر مناسبة للطلبة في هذه المرحلة التعليمية، إذ …

أثر برنامج تعليمي قائم على المنظِّمات المتقدمة في تنمية التفكير الناقد في العلوم لدى طلبة الصف التاسع الأساسي في محافظة طولكرم. The Impact Of An Educational Program Based On Advanced Organizers In Developing Critical Thinking In Science Among Ninth Graders Students In Tulkarem Governorate, محمود أحمد الشمالي, محمود عبد الجليل رمضان

Association of Arab Universities Journal for Education and Psychology

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقصّي أثر برنامج تعليمي قائم على المنظِّمات المتقدمة في تنمية التفكير الناقد في العلوم لدى طلبة الصف التاسع الأساسي في مدارس مديرية التربية والتعليم في محافظة طولكرم، وتم استخدام المنهج التجريبي بصورته شبه التجريبية، وطبقت الدراسة على عينة قصدية من (104) طالب وطالبات، انتظموا في المجموعة التجريبية وعددهم (52) طالباً وطالبةً درسوا وحدة التفاعلات الكيميائية باستخدام المنظِّمات المتقدمة، والمجموعة الضابطة وعددهم (52) طالباً وطالبةً درسوا نفس الوحدة بالطريقة الاعتيادية، ولتحقيق أغراض الدراسة تمّ بناء اختبار مهارات التفكير الناقد، وتمّ التحقق من صدقه وثباته قبل تطبيقه على عينة الدراسة، وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود فرق دال إحصائياً في …

أثر برنامج تعلمي قائم على الذكاء المتعدد في تنمية مهارات عمليات العلم لدى طالبات الصف الأول الثانوي العلمي في مادة العلوم الحياتية.. The Effect Of On Instructional Program Based On Multiple Intelligences In The Development Of Science Process Skills Among 11th Female Graders In Biology, وليد حسين نوافلة, وجدان بني فواز

Association of Arab Universities Journal for Education and Psychology

هدفت الدراسة تقصي أثر استخدام برنامج تعلمي قائم على الذكاء المتعدد في تنمية مهارات عمليات العلم لدى طالبات الصف الأول الثانوي العلمي في مادة العلوم الحياتية. تكونت عينة الدراسة من (50) طالبة من طالبات الصف الأول الثانوي العلمي، وزعت إلى مجموعتين تجريبية وضابطة، وتم إعداد اختبار مهارات عمليات العلم والتأكد من صدقه وثباته، ثم طبق على المجموعتين قبل المعالجة التجريبية، ومن ثم درست المجموعة التجريبية باستخدام البرنامج التعلمي القائم على الذكاء المتعدد، والذي تكون من 9 جلسات تدريبية بواقع 90 دقيقة لكل جلسة، بيمنا المجموعة الضابطة درست بالطريقة التقليدية، ثم أعيد تطبيق اختبار عمليات العلم على المجموعتين بعد الانتهاء من …

مستوى مقروئية نصوص كتاب الأحياء للصف الحادي عشر في سلطنة عمان وعلاقته بالتحصيل الدراسي للطلبة. The Level Of Readability Of Texts Of The Biology Book For The Eleventh Grade In The Sultanate Of Oman And Its Relationship To The Academic Achievement Of Students, عبد الله سيف التوبي, محمد الشقران

Association of Arab Universities Journal for Education and Psychology

هدف البحث إلى قياس مستوى مقروئية نصوص كتاب الأحياء للصف الحادي عشر في سلطنة عمان وعلاقته بالتحصيل الدراسي للطلبة، ولتحقيق أهداف البحث، استخدم الباحثان المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في دراستهما، وأعدا اختبار التتمة (كلوز) لثمانية نصوص من كتاب الأحياء لقياس مستوى مقروئيتها، طبق البحث على عينة اختيرت عشوائياً مكونة من (94) طالبا وطالبة من طلبة الصف الحادي عشر من مدرستين من المدارس الحكومية التابعة لمديرية التربية بمحافظة مسقط، منهم (46) طالبا و(48) طالبة. وتوصل الباحثان إلى النتائج الاتية: إن مستوى مقروئية نصوص كتاب الأحياء للصف الحادي عشر مناسبة للطلبة في هذه المرحلة التعليمية؛ إذ بلغت نسبة الطلبة في المستوى فوق الإحباطي …

Increasing Precipitation Decreases Water Use Efficiency Of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) In A Semiarid Region, H. Ni, H. K. Chu, X. F. Lai, J. Q. Deng, Yuying Shen

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plays an important role within the integrated farming systems in Northwestern Loess Plateau of China, because of its traits on a high productivity, prolonged growing season, and excellent nutritive value. However, water use efficiency (WUE) is a crucial indicator for forage production under different water conditions in the semiarid regions. To explore the responses of alfalfa growth and water use to precipitation variability, we set precipitation shelters to manipulate precipitation scenario as 30% precipitation increased (P+30), normal precipitation (CK), and 30% precipitation decreased (P-30) with the measurement of dry matter yield and soil water content. …

Improving Pasture Productivity And Persistence By Renovating Or Rejuvenating, A. Omokanye, D. Westerlund, G. Hernandez-Ramirez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Forages make up a large part of the feed requirements of beef cattle, and grazing remains the most economical form of feed delivery. However, several years after pasture establishment, forage productivity and longevity usually decline. Maintaining productive forage stands in the long term becomes a major challenge that beef producers face. A 3-yr on-farm study was conducted to determine the comparative effects of several pasture rejuvenation methods, such as spraying of herbicides to control weeds and brush, Spray herbicide + direct seed in spring (RSS), forage seeding methods, fertilizer application (FERT), and pasture rest as well as aeration/spiking in fall …

Improving Forage Production Quantity And Quality Using Native Legume Species In Semi-Arid Agrosilvopastoral System, M. Louhaichi, S. Slim, M. Gamoun, S. Hassan, J. Kailene, I. Hamdaoui

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Agrosilvopastoral systems provide a range of livelihood services, either directly through forage production or indirectly by the beneficial effects on soil conservation, nutrient cycling, pollutant filtering, and biodiversity enhancement. Hence, improved silvopastoral systems have ample scope to rehabilitate degraded pastures to sustain livestock production, which remains a strong pillar for the livelihoods of the agrosilvopastoral communities. To evaluate the impact of Hedysarum coronarium L. (sulla) reseeding on pasture productivity, plant cover and plant density in semi-arid silvopastoral systems, an experiment was carried out in Sbaihia Site, Zaghouan Governorate, Tunisia during 2018-2019 growing season. The experiment was laid out under a …

Improvement Of Feeding Value Of Quinoa Stalk With White Rot Fungi Treatment, M. Hanada, T. Egi, S. Muyila, J. Njiolomba, Y. Tokura

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of white rot fungi treatment on feeding value of quinoa stalk. In trial 1, quinoa stalk was inoculated with Pleurotus osteratus (PO) or Pleurotus citrinopileatus (PC) at 25 °C for 90 days, and chemical composition and hardness of the stalk were measured. In trial 2, quinoa stalk was inoculated with PO, and incubated at 10 and 25 °C for 60, 90 and 120 days. After incubation, the chemical composition and hardness of the stalk were measured. In trial 1, acid detergent lignin (ADL) content in the stalk decreased in both treatments, and …

Impact Of Abnormal Climate Events On The Production Of Italian Ryegrass As A Season In The Republic Of Korea, M. Kim, J. Y. Kim, M. H. Jo, H. Jo, K. Sung

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This study aimed to assess the impact of abnormal climate events on the production of Italian ryegrass (IRG), such as autumn low-temperature, severe winter cold and spring droughts in the central inland, southern inland and southern coastal regions. Seasonal climatic variables, including temperature, precipitation, wind speed, relative humidity, and sunshine duration, were used to set the abnormal climate events using principal component analysis, and the abnormal climate events were distinguished from normal using Euclidean-distance cluster analysis. Furthermore, to estimate the impact caused by abnormal climate events, the dry matter yield (DMY) of IRG between abnormal and normal climate events was …

North American Breeding Bird Survey Underestimates Regional Bird Richness Compared To Breeding Bird Atlases, Roi Ankori-Karlinsky, Michael Kalyuzhny, Katherine F. Barnes, Andrew M. Wilson, Curtis Flather, Rosalind Renfrew, Joan Walsh, Edna Guk, Ronen Kadmon

Environmental Studies Faculty Publications

Standardized data on large-scale and long-term patterns of species richness are critical for understanding the consequences of natural and anthropogenic changes in the environment. The North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) is one of the largest and most widely used sources of such data, but so far, little is known about the degree to which BBS data provide accurate estimates of regional richness. Here, we test this question by comparing estimates of regional richness based on BBS data with spatially and temporally matched estimates based on state Breeding Bird Atlases (BBA). We expected that estimates based on BBA data would …

Conference Program, Sharon Brownlow, Sean Palecek, Damian Marshall, Fernanda Masri

2022 | Advancing Manufacture of Cell and Gene Therapies VII

No abstract provided.

Diabetes: Risk Factor And Translational Therapeutic Implications For Alzheimer's Disease, Jeffrey Cummings, Andrew Ortiz, Janelle Castellino, Jefferson Kinney

Integrated Health Sciences Faculty Research

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) commonly co-occur. T2DM increases the risk for AD by approximately twofold. Animal models provide one means of interrogating the relationship of T2DM to AD and investigating brain insulin resistance in the pathophysiology of AD. Animal models show that persistent hyperglycaemia results in chronic low-grade inflammation that may contribute to the development of neuroinflammation and accelerate the pathobiology of AD. Epidemiological studies suggest that patients with T2DM who received treatment with specific anti-diabetic agents have a decreased risk for the occurrence of AD and all-cause dementia. Agents such as metformin ameliorate T2DM …

Antidiabetic Activity And In Silico Molecular Docking Of Polyphenols From Ammannia Baccifera L. Subsp. Aegyptiaca (Willd.) Koehne Waste: Structure Elucidation Of Undescribed Acylated Flavonol Diglucoside, Noha Swilam, Mahmoud Nawwar, Rasha Radwan, Eman Mostafa

Pharmacy

Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Ammania aegyptiaca ethanol extract (AEEE) showed high concentrations of polyphenol and flavonoid content, with notable antioxidant activity. Undescribed acylated diglucoside flavonol myricetin 3-O-β-4C1-(600-O-galloyl glucopyranoside) 7-Oβ-4C1-glucopyranoside (MGGG) was isolated from the aerial parts of AEEE, along with four known polyphenols that had not been characterized previously from AEEE. The inhibitory effects of MGGG, AEEE, and all compounds against α-amylase, pancreatic lipase and β-glucosidase were assessed. In addition, molecular docking was used to determine the inhibition of digestive enzymes, and this confirmed that the MGGG interacted strongly with the active site residues of these enzymes, …

Differential Effects Of Exercise Programs On Neuregulin 4, Body Composition And Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In Men With Obesity, Terence Moriarty, Ayoub Saeidi, Sevda R. Shishvan, Mohammad Soltani, Fatemeh Tarazi, Patricia K. Doyle-Baker, Shahnaz Shahrbanian, Shirin S. Mollabashi, Nikoo Khosravi, Ismail Laher, Kelly E. Johnson, Trishia A. Vandusseldorp

Faculty Publications

Background: Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) is an adipokine that is sensitive to energy expenditure and with a potential role in metabolic homeostasis and obesity. This study examined the effects of 12 weeks of three different exercise training protocols on Nrg4 levels, cardiometabolic risk factors, and body composition parameters in men with obesity. Methods: Sixty adult men with obesity (Mean ± SD; age: 27.60 ± 8.4 yrs.; height: 168.4 ± 2.6 cm; weight: 96.7 ± 7.2 kg) were randomly allocated into four equal (n = 15) groups: High- Intensity Interval Training (HIIT), Circuit Resistance Training (CRT), Moderate Intensity Continuous Training (MICT) or …

Inhibition Of Biotin Carboxylase By Three Antibacterial Compounds, Matt Craft

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The rise of antibacterial resistant bacteria is a major problem in the United States of America and around the world. Millions of patients are infected with antimicrobial resistant bacteria each year. Novel antibacterial agents are needed to combat the growing and present crisis. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), the multi-subunit complex which catalyses the first committed step in fatty acid synthesis, is a validated target for antibacterial agents. However, there are at present, no commercially available antibiotics that target ACC. Ethyl 4-[[2-chloro-5-(phenylcarbamoyl)phenyl]sulfonylamino]benzoate (SABA1) is a compound that has been shown to have antibacterial properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. SABA1 inhibits …

The Level Of Using Mind Maps And Its Relationship To Internal And External Motivation Among A Sample Of Secondary School Students In The Mafraq District, Omar Atallah Al-Adamat, Nasr Yousuf Muqabalah

Al-Balqa Journal for Research and Studies البلقاء للبحوث والدراسات

The study aims at identifying the level of using mind maps, and the level of the internal and external motivation among high school students and revealing whether there are any differences in the level of using mind maps according to the variables of gender, academic branch or the interaction between them. It also aims at revealing the prediction ability of mind maps with internal and external motivation. The sample of the study consisted of (308) male and female students from the twelfth grade in Jordan. To achieve the objectives of the study, the mind maps scale prepared by (Amin & …

Technology And Ethics Of Responsibility, Malek Almkaneen

Al-Balqa Journal for Research and Studies البلقاء للبحوث والدراسات

This article is concerned with the problem of progress, namely, of how contemporary technologies emerged to express knowledge and cultural powers that would existentially affect humans and nature; thus revealing the necessity of our ethical responsibility toward existence and its dialectical relations between humans and nature, and especially with the collective development in our scientific and technological capabilities. By using analytical and critical approach, this article tries to tackle the question of scientism and its current implications, due to the fact that scientific thinking is evolving towards a kind of unreasonable scientific logic! It is a kind of dogmatic thinking …

Poster Session, Emma Beeler, Maddison Caldwell, Mackenzie Paul, Shirli Salihaj, Sara Lynn Sligh, Stephen Trest

Mississippi Undergraduate Honors Conference

Video provided is of MacKenzie Paul's presentation.

Abstracts

Humanities

Emma Beeler, Mississippi University for Women

Adultery and Fidelity in the Lais of Marie de France

Using both literary and historical analysis, I will examine contrasting depictions of adultery and fidelity within the lais written by 12th-century poet Marie de France. A lai is a type of narrative poem, ranging in length from 118 to 1184 lines. Many of Marie de France’s lais follow the literary trope known as courtly love; however, the reader is encouraged to sympathize with different characters depending on the lai. In some lais, the reader …

Oral Presentations: Stem, Zithlaly Amezquita

Mississippi Undergraduate Honors Conference

Each oral presentation of 15 minutes is followed by Q&A.

White Shadows, Black Riders And Restless Wights: Undead Horror Monsters In The Fantasy Worlds Of J.R.R. Tolkien And George R.R. Martin, Franz Klug

Online Midwinter Seminar (OMS)

The proposed essay aims at comparing J.R.R. Tolkien’s Nazgûl and barrow-wights with the white walkers (also known as “the Others”) and wights from George R.R. Martin’s A Song of Ice and Fire. To begin with, the folkloric/mythological templates for these sub-created monsters would be scrutinized. The introductory ascription of source material would be followed by an analysis of these creatures as horror monsters and gothic elements within the fantasy worlds of Tolkien and Martin. This analysis would also be linked to addressing the question of how the gothic/horror genre influenced the fantasy worlds of both authors, and as in …

Adoring The Head Of Alcasan: Posthuman Horror And Anticipatory Corpse In Lewis’S That Hideous Strength, Mark Brians

Online Midwinter Seminar (OMS)

At the pinnacle of Lewis’ That Hideous Strength (2003) is the reanimation of the decapitated head of Francois Alcasan. The sheer biological persistence that is afforded to it by the biosynthetic technics of medicinal artifice, allows the head to be possessed by “macrobes”— maleficent spiritual beings imprisoned within the circle of the moon. The goal of this reanimation project is purportedly “the conquest of death […] to bring out of that cocoon of organic life […] the man who will not die, the artificial man, free from Nature. Nature is the ladder we have climbed up by, now we kick …

Hypoxia-Induced Predation Refuge For Northern Quahogs (Mercenaria Mercenaria) In A Temperate Estuary, Bryan P. Galligan S.J., Yoel E. Stuart, M. Conor Mcmanus, Heather E. Stoffel

Biology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Oxygen depletion in estuaries and coastal waters is often associated with reduced biodiversity, coastal dead zones, and the loss of important ecosystem services. However, some species can benefit from low oxygen conditions due to the indirect effects these conditions have on trophic relationships. In Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, U.S.A., northern quahogs (Mercenaria mercenaria) reach their highest densities in the areas of the Bay most prone to oxygen depletion. One line of evidence suggests that suboxic events (hypoxia and anoxia) can aid quahogs by excluding predators. Here, we analyze data from long-term surveys of water quality and quahog abundances to test …

Oxidative Stress In Human Pathology And Aging: Molecular Mechanisms And Perspectives, Younis Ahmad Hajam, Raksha Rani, Shahid Yousuf Ganie, Tariq Ahmad Sheikh, Darakhshan Javaid, Syed Sanober Qadri, Sreepoorna Pramodh, Ahmad Alsulimani, Mustfa F. Alkhanani, Steve Harakeh, Arif Hussain, Shafiul Haque, Mohd Salim Reshi

All Works

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are generated through various endogenous and exogenous processes; however, they are neutralized by enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. An imbalance between the generation and neutralization of oxidants results in the progression to oxidative stress (OS), which in turn gives rise to various diseases, disorders and aging. The characteristics of aging include the progressive loss of function in tissues and organs. The theory of aging explains that age-related functional losses are due to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), their subsequent damages and tissue deformities. Moreover, the diseases and disorders caused by OS include cardiovascular diseases …

Ovarian Cancer G Protein-Coupled Receptor 1 Inhibits A549 Cells Migration Through Casein Kinase 2Α Intronless Gene And Neutral Endopeptidase, Adhikarimayum Lakhikumar Sharma, Puyam Milan Meitei, Takhellambam Chanu Machathoibi, Naorem Tarundas Singh, Thiyam Ramsing Singh, Lisam Shanjukumar Singh

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Background: We have previously reported that a new intronless gene for casein kinase 2α (CK2α), CSNK2A3, is expressed in human cells. The promoter of the well-known CK2α, CSNK2A1, displays characteristics of a housekeeping gene, whereas CSNK2A3 has a characteristic of a regulated promoter with two TATA boxes and a CAAT box. GPR68, a family of the G protein-coupled receptors, is also known as ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 (OGR1). In the current study, we analyzed the roles of CK2α genes and neutral endopeptidase (NEP), a key enzyme that influences a variety of malignancies, in the OGR1-induced inhibition of A549 …

Performance Determinants Of Unsupervised Clustering Methods For Microbiome Data, Yushu Shi, Liangliang Zhang, Christine B Peterson, Kim-Anh Do, Robert R Jenq

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: In microbiome data analysis, unsupervised clustering is often used to identify naturally occurring clusters, which can then be assessed for associations with characteristics of interest. In this work, we systematically compared beta diversity and clustering methods commonly used in microbiome analyses. We applied these to four published datasets where highly distinct microbiome profiles could be seen between sample groups, as well a clinical dataset with less clear separation between groups.

Results: Although no single method outperformed the others consistently, we did identify the key scenarios where certain methods can underperform. Specifically, the Bray Curtis (BC) metric resulted in poor …

Detection Of A Double-Stranded Mgmt Gene Using Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide (Ergo) Electrodes Decorated With Aunps And Peptide Nucleic Acids (Pna), Mina Safarzadeh, Genhua Pan

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

The ability to detect double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) as a biomarker without denaturing it to single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA) continues to be a major challenge. In this work, we report a sandwich biosensor for the detection of the ds-methylated MGMT gene, a potential biomarker for brain tumors and breast cancer. The purpose of this biosensor is to achieve simultaneous recognition of the gene sequence, as well as the presence of methylation. The biosensor is based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) electrodes decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and uses Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) that binds to the ds-MGMT gene. The reduction of GO …

An Evaluation Of Sporicidal Treatments Against Blown Pack Spoilage Associated Clostridium Estertheticum And Clostridium Gasigenes Spores, Eden Esteves, Leonard Koolman, Paul Whyte, Tanushree B. Gupta, Declan Bolton

Research Outputs: 2025-Present

Blown pack spoilage (BPS) occurs when meat is cross-contaminated with Clostridium estertheticum or Clostridium gasigenes spores, often from the meat processing environment. This study tested the efficacy of four sporicidal disinfectants commonly used in beef processing plants against C. estertheticum and C. gasigenes spores in a suspension test. D-values were obtained under model ‘clean’ (sterile distilled water, SDW) and ‘dirty’ (3 g/L bovine serum albumin, BSA) conditions. Mean concentration (log10 CFU/mL) were calculated from direct counts. The levels of dipicolinic acid (DPA), indicating damage to the core of these spores, was also monitored using a terbium (Tb)-DPA assay for treatment …

A New Agent-Based Model Offers Insight Into Population-Wide Adoption Of Prosocial Common-Pool Behavior, Garry Sotnik, Thaddeus Shannon, Wayne Wakeland

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

New theoretical agent-based model of population-wide adoption of prosocial common-pool behavior with four parameters (initial percent of adopters, pressure to change behavior, synergy from behavior, and population density); dynamics in behavior, movement, freeriding, and group composition and size; and emergence of multilevel group selection. Theoretical analysis of model’s dynamics identified six regions in model’s parameter space, in which pressure-synergy combinations lead to different outcomes: extinction, persistence, and full adoption. Simulation results verified the theoretical analysis and demonstrated that increases in density reduce number of pressure-synergy combinations leading to population-wide adoption; initial percent of contributors affects underlying behavior and final outcomes, …

Parole Interview Transcript/Decision - Fusl000019 (2020-06-29)

Parole Interview Transcripts and Decisions

No abstract provided.

Green Canopy Cover Percentage As A Method For Quantifying Andropogon Virginicus (Broomsedge) Reduction Through Fertilizer Applications In A Cool Season Hay Production System, Jordyn A. Bush, Jimmy C. Henning, Christopher D. Teutsch

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Remote sensing has been used to measure green canopy cover for a variety of agronomic purposes. This study explores the use of digital imagery as a method to quantify warm and cool season grasses in a hay production system. Due to alternate growth periods, cool and warm season grasses show greener color in different seasons. These seasonal color shifts provide an opportunity to measure their respective percentages when growing together in a system. This study was conducted in a hay field that was originally dominated by cool season grasses including tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and Kentucky bluegrass ( …