Digital Commons Network^™

Evaluation Of A Jail Reentry Program., Bailey Elisabeth Holland

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Previous research has focused on prison reentry programs and the impact the program has on reducing rates of recidivism, but there is a lack of research on jail reentry programs and the impact of programs’ individual services have on recidivism. Secondary data was obtained from the Louisville Metro Jail Familiar Faces Action and Community Transition (F2ACT) reentry program, which included basic demographic data of the participants, a record of individual services received by each participant, and the number of times each participant was booked into Louisville Metro Corrections before and after participating in F2ACT. A multinomial logistic regression found that …

Peer Victimization And Delinquency: A Longitudinal Analysis Of Their Relationships, Nicholas Alexander Adams

Doctoral Dissertations

The correlation between peer victimization and delinquency has long been established in the sociological and criminological literatures. However, the research to this point has focused on one or the other as an outcome. This study addresses this gap in the literature by teasing out a causal relationship between them. By using 3 waves of the Developmental Victimization Survey, peer victimization and delinquency are treated as both predictors and outcomes for each other. In doing so, this study finds evidence to support a causal relationship between experiencing peer victimization at wave 1 and later delinquent behavior at wave 3. It also …

Fear And Loathing In Post 9/11 America: Public Perceptions Of Terrorism As Shaped By News Media And The Politics Of Fear, Reinmar Cristobal Freis-Beattie

Doctoral Dissertations

The politics of fear have deeply divided the United States of America. Decades of propaganda portray Muslims as a terrorist threat to the dominant US culture and society. The War on Terror and its consequences, including the rise of ISIL and the 2015 Syrian refugee crisis, resulted in the destabilization of democracy in both the US and Europe. I argue that the US public’s fear of terrorism is not just a fear of violence but instead reflects racial tensions and anxieties in a rapidly changing world. These tensions and anxieties are fueled by media coverage leveraging a general fear and …

Supervised Release Is Not Parole, Jacob Schuman

Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review

The United States has the largest prison population in the developed world. Yet outside prisons, there are almost twice as many people serving terms of criminal supervision in the community— probation, parole, and supervised release. At the federal level, this “mass supervision” of convicted offenders began with the Sentencing Reform Act of 1984, which abolished parole and created a harsher and more expansive system called supervised release. Last term in United States v. Haymond, the Supreme Court took a small step against mass supervision by striking down one provision of the supervised release statute as violating the right to …

Voices Of The Unheard: Using Photography To Understand Youths' Perceptions Of Problems In Their Neighborhoods., Erica Ann Lush

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses

Abstract

This study focused on youths’ perspectives of problems in their neighborhoods. This is important because we are often looking for solutions from adults, when not all adults have the answers. This study involved a total of 9 youth from the Mayor’s Youth Implementation Team in Louisville, KY. This team works alongside the mayor to try and prevent youth violence in their community. These youth participated in a Photovoice research project which is a method of allowing the youth to tell a story through their photographs. The youth focused on social justice needs and took photos of what they thought …

The “Pink Ghettos” Of Public Interest Law: An Open Secret, Sandra Simkins

Buffalo Law Review

There is a downside to public interest law careers and law school pro bono work for women. Law schools cue women to enter and remain at lower rungs of the profession by normalizing women in “caregiving” roles and locking predominantly female clinicians who do public interest work into a lower level status. The ABA contributes to this structural devaluation by ignoring female public interest lawyers. When combined with the culture of public interest organizations, these factors contribute to women’s stagnant progress in the legal profession.

This Article is the first to address this issue comprehensively. It describes the challenges women …

Mindfulness: Coping Without A Substance, Vertis Williams

Mindfulness Studies Theses

Abstract

This qualitative study explored the effects of mindfulness on individuals recovering from the use of mood-altering substances. Participants were voluntarily recruited from a recovery-themed meditation group at a mindfulness center. The participants responded to interview questions related to how mindfulness has impacted their recovery and experience of stress. Themes related to how mindfulness fostered cognitive and emotional changes, that helped participants cope with emotional distress without using mood altering substances were included in the responses. The results of this study indicate that mindfulness mitigates emotional distress among clients who struggle with using mood-altering substances. Given that emotional distress qualifies …

The Violence Against Women's Act: From The Criminalization Of Domestic Violence Through Modern Political Challenges, Carrie Anderson

Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects

The Violence Against Women’s Act, or VAWA, is a landmark piece of federal legislation to combat domestic violence in the United States. It passed in 1994 following various state efforts to stop intimate partner violence. Broad federal legislation was needed to end domestic violence because of the unique nature of the crime including the strong connection between victims and perpetrators, the vast scale of the problem, and the reoccurring nature of domestic violence (Fagan, p. 28-29, 1996). VAWA has been expanded through reauthorization efforts in 2000, 2005, and 2013. Reform efforts have focused on increasing protections for victims especially focusing …

Juvenile Diversion Programs: Comparing Minnesota County Characteristics To Determine Their Role In Pre-Trial Diversion Programs, Kaydin Schmitt

Political Science Theses and Capstones

The main goal of the juvenile justice system is to rehabilitate offenders and prevent youth from entering the adult justice system. One approach is through the use of diversion programs. The state of Minnesota requires all counties to offer at least one type of pre-trial diversion program. However, there is no ubiquitous program; the number and types of programs differ between counties, and the reason for these differences between jurisdictions is under-researched. I analyze the number and types of pre-trial diversion programs in Minnesota counties and compare them to various county characteristics to determine which characteristics play a role in …

City Of Missoula V. Kroschel: Missing The Mark On Montana's Terry Statute, Kirsi Luther

Montana Law Review

No abstract provided.

Examining Racial Bias Within The Items Of The Macarthur Competence Assessment Tool – Criminal Adjudication, Isolde Hughes

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

The United States is the world’s leader when it comes to incarceration rates, and racial disparities are significant within this system (World Prison Brief, 2020). The most significant factor proposed as influencing this disparity is the ongoing racial bias within and outside of the legal system. Throughout the legal process, there are several instances where the defendant’s race may come into play when it comes to competency to stand trial evaluations. The first instance is during the referral process, and the second instance is during the competency evaluation itself. Several instruments have been developed to capture an individual’s understanding of …

Minutes, May 2020, University Of Dayton. College Of Arts And Sciences

Documents of the College of Arts and Sciences Academic Affairs Committee

Minutes from College of Arts and Sciences Academic Affairs Committee

Factors Influencing The Completion Of The High School Equivalency Program By Black Female Inmates, Erica L. Yuille

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

There is limited available research to date that has investigated the factors influencing the completion of the High School Equivalency Program (HEP) by Black female inmates. A high school education is an important subject explored by researchers when studying females in prison. This predictive correlational study used archival data to determine if age, length of sentence, type of crime, and family status influenced Black female inmates’ HEP completion rates. A logistic regression analysis was used to examine 100 Black female inmates in state prison. After completing the investigation, it was determined the criterion variable of age was statistically significant in …

Technological Triage Of Immigration Cases, Fatma Marouf, Luz E. Herrera

Faculty Scholarship

In the medical profession, triage refers to sorting medical resources in emergency situations based on the greatest need for immediate attention. Similarly, legal service providers talk about “triaging” cases to prioritize individuals with the most serious problems. But in the immigration field, the concept of triage is turned on its head. Noncitizens with the riskiest cases—those facing deportation—have the least access to legal assistance, especially if they are detained. Technology has the potential to help with triage but is not yet being used effectively to assist with deportation defense. This Article argues that utilizing technology to facilitate access to representation …

"Reasoned" Arbitration Awards, Steven Hooten, Richard Bales

Arbitration Law Review (2009 - Present)

No abstract provided.

Facial Recognition Technology: A Call For The Creation Of A Framework Combining Government Regulation And A Commitment To Corporate Responsibility, Sarah Chun

North Carolina Journal of Law & Technology

At a fundamental level, the misuse of facial recognition endangers privacy, human rights, and constitutional rights. However, merely banning facial recognition will not address or solve the issues and risks inherent in the use of facial recognition. Rather than an outright ban, developing specific limitations controlling how or when facial recognition can be used in public or private spaces can better serve public interests. This paper suggests creating a framework that combines government regulation and a commitment to social responsibility by developers. Creating this multi-prong framework can help distribute the burden of regulating facial recognition technology amongst parties such as …

"The Angels That Surrounded My Cradle": The History, Evolution, And Application Of The Insanity Defense, Eugene M. Fahey, Laura Groschadl, Brianna Weaver

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Law Is What The Judge Had For Breakfast: A Brief History Of An Unpalatable Idea, Dan Priel

Buffalo Law Review

According to a familiar adage the legal realists equated law with what the judge had for breakfast. As this is sometimes used to ridicule the realists, prominent defenders of legal realism have countered that none of the realists ever entertained any such idea. In this Essay I show that this is inaccurate. References to this idea are found in the work of Karl Llewellyn and Jerome Frank, as well as in the works of their contemporaries, both friends and foes. However, the Essay also shows that the idea is improperly attributed to the legal realists, as there are many references …

Cyber Security’S Influence On Modern Society, Nicholas Vallarelli

Honors College Theses

The world of cyber security is evolving every day, and cyber-criminals are trying to take advantage of it to gain as much money and power as possible. As the Internet continues to grow, more people around the world join the Internet. The purpose of this is to see how much of an importance cyber security has and how cyber-criminals are able to utilize the cyberworld for their own personal gain. Research has been done on how the cyberworld got where it is today. Additionally, individual research has been done in an effort to learn how to hack. A hack lab …

Report On The Economic Well-Being Of U.S. Households In 2019, Featuring Supplemental Data From April 2020, Federal Reserve System: Board Of Governors

Documents

No abstract provided.

The Noise From The Writing Boundaries: Collaboration And Tutor Identity In Writing Intensive Courses, Laura Decker

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Writing intensive courses, as one facet of Writing Across the Curriculum programs, aim to support undergraduate student writing across the disciplines. Importantly, writing intensive courses are often embedded with undergraduate writing tutors who must cross institutional boundaries to collaborate with faculty and support student writing in these courses. The purpose of this study was to better understand faculty-tutor collaboration in writing intensive courses and to describe how embedded writing tutors negotiate identity and experience transformation in those collaborative spaces. This project attempted to answer three research questions: (1) How does faculty and writing tutor collaboration in writing intensive courses constitute …

Examining Crime Reporting Behaviors In The Presence Of Body-Worn Cameras, Tanya Dudinskaya

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This research study was designed to gain a better understanding of the potential impacts a body-worn camera can have on a witness reporting a crime to an officer. This study uses an online survey distributed through Qualtrics and asks participants to respond with their likelihood of reporting the crime they are prompted (such as property damage, DUI, drug sale, assault, and robbery) in the presence or absence of a body-camera, and the recording of their statement. The main concept that is being examined is whether there are potential negative consequences of body-cameras such as preventing witnesses from coming forward because …

Hispanics And The War On Drugs: An Explanation For The Rise In Hispánica Imprisonment, Bryan James Haakma

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to understand racial disparities that persist throughout the criminal justice system. Since the early 1970s, the U.S. female prison population has risen at a faster rate than the male prison population (Harmon & Boppre, 2016; Morín, 2008, 2016). Overall, a plethora of research has linked the rise in imprisonment to the War on Drugs and the criminalization of drug use. This thesis examined these questions: 1) are drug crime initiatives driving the rise in Hispanic female imprisonment in comparison to Black and White females and 2) using Blalock’s (1967) theory on group threat, do …

Beyond The Books, Melissa Arias Hidalgo

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Friends Outside is a non-profit organization that focuses on empowering the incarcerated population as well as those on probation. The goal of the organization is to teach this population the proper skills they need to successfully reintegrate back into society through weekly group sessions. Clients who are mandated by probation to attend these meetings are often not showing up or do not participate during group. This is due to the fact that the clients do not understand the value of the program. If clients are not participating in the groups offered to them, then they are not able to learn …

Why There Should Be A Law Against Us Domestic Terrorism, Luis Maldonado

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

My capstone analyzes why there should be a law against US Domestic Terrorism, just like there is against International terrorism: I focus on three different concepts including race, media, and the way law enforcement conducts their investigations. I use a variety of case studies as I am not just focused on one specifically. Through my findings I am able to distinguish between the treatment of International Terrorists and what many would consider Domestic Terrorists. Show that what they both do is very similar and be combated the same from a legal standpoint.

Casa Foster Youth Low Engagement On Program Activities, Sugey Cortez

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA) is an agency that serves families and children that are in the dependency court system in Santa Cruz County. The advocacy program helps children have a person advocating for them at all times. The advocates will advocate for the children's best interest and provide children in a safe and healthy environment. Youth in the foster care system are less likely to engage and attend program activities. The problem will be addressed by CASA participating in creating more events for foster youth. CASA will work closely with other organizations in the community to engage youth to …

Law Enforcement, Public Opinion, The Media, And Its Effects, Aaron Borcyk

Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects

The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that, in 2018, law enforcement workers made up about .8% of the country’s workforce. Given that they make up such a large percentage of the workforce plus the extreme public visibility of the profession by nature, law enforcement is a highly discussed topic. After the controversial officer-involved shootings of Michael Brown, Walter Scott, and Freddie Gray between 2014 and 2016 the credibility and integrity of law enforcement came into question. Law enforcement is depicted on many media platforms in many different ways; The current research leverages qualitative data obtained from in-depth oral …

“Disbelieving Black Women To Death”; The “Double Jeopardy”: Racism And Sexism Affects Black Women’S Access To And Quality Of Care During Pregnancy, Birth, And Postpartum, Madeline St. Clair

Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects

This paper explores possible reasons why Black women in the United States experience a higher maternal mortality rate than their white counterparts. Using books, articles, journals, documentaries, personal experiences and stories of Black women and mothers, I argue that barriers from the societal to the individual level create health and medical disparities for Black mothers in pregnancy, during delivery, and the postpartum period. The paper concludes with a multifaceted solution and call to action.

Responding To Victims Of Human Trafficking In The United States: A Review Of Treatment Providers, Morgan A. Mcbride

Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects

Scholars have made strides to illuminate the scope and nature of human trafficking, but there have been minimal efforts to inform responses to victims. Importantly, if we do not address the issues that made people vulnerable in the first place, then they could be susceptible to re-victimization in the future. It is vital then that treatment agencies are available and engaging in effective practices to maximize recovery efforts. Thus, the current study examined treatment providers in the United States in two stages to determine how they respond to victims of these crimes. In the first stage, a systematic literature review …

An Analysis On Whether An Accounting Background Lays The Foundation For A Successful Transition Into Law School, Christopher M. Chimienti

Honors Capstones

The purpose of this paper is to analyze how an undergraduate degree in accountancy will assist in the study of law. To accomplish this, the paper looks at the course curriculum of a Northern Illinois University Accountancy major and the first year required courses in three law schools of varying rankings. Then, the skills and knowledge taught in each curriculum will be compared to see if there is any overlap. To supplement this analysis, I will host interviews with professional lawyers and law teachers who will give descriptions of the skills needed in everyday work. In addition to this analysis, …