Digital Commons Network^™

Assessment Of Hidden Leprosy Cases In North Karnataka By Leprosy Case Detection Campaign – A Mixed-Method Study, Ooviya Jayaseelan, Deepti M. Kadeangadi, M. S. Shivaswamy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease, is a chronic infectious disease, caused by Mycobacterium Leprae. India and Indonesia contributed 92% of the South-East Asia Region's caseload.

AIM:

The aim of this study is to identify leprosy cases in the general population by active surveillance.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

As a part of the leprosy survey, the teams comprised healthcare workers and volunteers who performed house-to-house survey and examined all the household members to identify any suspects with hypopigmented and hypoanesthetic patches. The suspects were examined by the medical officer. Clinically suspected leprosy patients were then referred to the district hospital …

Transparency In Peer Review – Is This An Emerging Trend?, Harpreet Kour, Punnya Angadi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Omicron The Tsunami??, Bhagyashri B. Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

A Case Of Acquired External Auditory Canal Stenosis Following Trauma, Soumick Ranjan Sahoo, Mandira Sarma

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Acquired external auditory canal (EAC) stenosis is a rare clinical condition. Infection is most common cause which cause acquired EAC stenosis. Trauma is a rare cause. Treatment should be removal of the soft tissue causing the stenosis, doing a canaloplasty, covering the bare areas with skin graft to achieve a patent EAC. We describe a case of the left EAC partial stenosis following road traffic accident 10 years back in which the soft tissue causing the stenosis was surgically removed, canaloplasty was done and bare areas covered with skin graft. The patient has been followed up and no restenosis has …

Oculo-Orbital Involvement In Craniofacial Injuries Following Road Traffic Accidents, Adyasha Dash, Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Craniofacial injury is of common occurrence following road traffic accidents (RTAs). It often leads to serious disabilities, including significant damage to the visual system.

AIM:

This study aims to evaluate different ocular and orbital manifestations in patients of craniofacial injury following RTA and estimate the incidence of craniofacial injuries following RTA.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

All patients with craniofacial injuries following RTA between August 2014 and August 2016 were included in the study. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic evaluation. Imaging studies were done wherever indicated.

RESULTS:

Out of 840 cases of RTA, 77 cases presented with craniofacial injuries. Incidence of …

Obesity Among The Urban Poor Evidence From A Community-Based Study Among Adults Residing In An Underprivileged Area Of Bengaluru City, India, Avita Rose Johnson, Sakthi Arasu, Mitchell Singstock, Nancy Angeline

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Obesity is increasing among the urban poor and is a major risk factor for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and determinants of obesity among adults over the age of 30 years in an underprivileged community of Bengaluru city.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in an underprivileged area of Southern Bangalore. Sociodemographic details, diet, and lifestyle risk factors were assessed by a pretested questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements of height, weight, and waist circumference were recorded and World Health Organization Asian cutoffs for body mass index (BMI) …

A Cross-Sectional Study On Predictors Of Quality Of Life Of Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Anuradha Gautam

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Quality of life (QoL) in persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a salient issue. The advent of highly active antiretroviral treatment has changed this deadly disease to a chronic manageable illness with focus shifting from fighting virus to ensuring a good QoL.

AIMS:

The aim of the study was to assess the predictors of health-related QoL (HRQoL) of PLHIV.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 205 PLHIV at antiretroviral therapy (ART) plus center of a tertiary care hospital of Lucknow. Interview method was used to collect the data. …

Detection Of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes In Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Negative Women In Belagavi, Karnataka, Vinay S. Pala, Chidanand Patil, Mahantesh B. Nagmoti, Anita Dadi Dalal, Arati Mane

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Women are known to be at high risk of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and its associated cervical pathology. However, limited data are available on circulating genotypes, especially among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative women. Therefore, the present study was designed to gauge the prevalence of HPV genotypes in HIV-negative women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 96 HIV-negative women in the age range of 18–45 years. Cervical samples were collected from the transformation zone of the cervix using the deoxyribonucleic acid collection device (cytobrush), which was rinsed in 20 ml of PreservCyt

®

vial …

Strategies In Laboratory Diagnosis Of Covid-19 In India, Abhijit Vinodrao Boratne, Lalithambigai Chellamuthu, Yogesh Bahurupi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

COVID-19 has been documented as the fifth pandemic since 1918 Spanish flu (H1N1). It began as a human cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology, reported from Wuhan, China, during late December 2019. The etiological agent of the pandemic was detected as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. The Indian Council of Medical Research along with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare expanded and diversified testing capacity. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis. TrueNat or cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test is for testing at primary and secondary health care level. Rapid antigen test has …

Ofloxacin Resistance In An Increasing Concern, Ramesh S. Kumar, K. R. Uma Devi, Azger Dusthackeer, Christy Rosaline Nirmal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Multidrug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) associated with the development of resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) especially ofloxacin is a matter of concern, as they had been earlier recommended drugs for usage in the MDR-TB treatment regimens, and moxifloxacin and other quinolones are still on the list.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

acquires resistance to FQs mainly through mutations in the quinolone resistance determining regions (QRDRs) of the

gyrA

gene and less frequently in the

gyrB

gene. A literature search on the geographical distribution of ofloxacin resistance in TB shows that there is a mild surge in reporting of the resistance to ofloxacin in tuberculosis patients. …

Nutrition Insights In Covid-19, Harpreet Kour, Richa Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The COVID-19 is compromising individuals' immunity to a larger extent, it becomes imperative to strengthen and support the immune system with the right nutrition. Immune functioning can be improved through the right nutrition. Hence, adequate nutrition becomes paramount in leveling up the immune functioning through higher and wider Immunoglobulin generation. This review article is attempted to highlight the importance of nutrition during compromised immunity as in the case of COVID-19.

Covid-19 Is It Merely About The Third Wave, Madhav Prabhu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Photokeratitis Following Exposure To Germicidal Ultraviolet Lamps During The Covid Pandemic, Suprava Das, Pradeep Kumar Panigrahi, Deergha Pareek

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Twelve patients presented with symptoms of pain, redness, watering, and photophobia following exposure to germicidal ultraviolet (UV) lamp. Anterior segment examination showed varying degrees of ciliary congestion and superficial corneal punctate epithelial erosions in all patients. Diagnosis of post-UV photokeratitis was made. Patients were treated with topical antibiotics and artificial lubricating drops. All patients were symptom free 1 week following presentation. The use of standard protective gear and closely following manufacturer guidelines can prevent such complications.

Emerging Crisis Of Multidrug-Resistant Enterococci From A Rural Tertiary Care Hospital Of North India, Jyoti Sangwan, Kirti Lohan, Pratibha Mane, Mukesh Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Enterococci are emerging as a major pathogen causing a variety of hospital-acquired nosocomial infections and community-acquired infections contributing significantly to patient's morbidity and mortality. The emergence of multidrug-resistant enterococci worsens the problem as multidrug resistance leaves fewer therapeutic options for clinicians in treating life-threatening infections.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was an observational study carried out from March 2019 to February 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of enterococci was done by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method, and results were interpreted as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines 2019.

RESULTS:

Multidrug-resistant enterococci were reported to be 62.7%. A variable antimicrobial susceptibility …

Occupational Safety And Health Hazards Among Cashew Processing Workers Of Cuddalore District A Cross-Sectional Study, Janana Priya, Lavanya Ayyasamy, Sri Madhu Priya Mahendiran, Adhithyaa Selvarathinam

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Occupational health and safety is a major concern of all time despite consequent advancement in all forms of industries. As stated in multiple research papers from various parts of the nation, more than 90% of workers involved in cashew processing were females who are socially and economically backward. This paper aims to find the existing occupational health hazards of workers in the cashew processing unit and the level of safety measures adopted. In addition, the health outcome in relation to certain improvisations made in the process was also analyzed.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Full-time workers from the cashew processing unit …

Mobile Application-Assisted Observation Of Hand Hygiene Practices Among Nurses In A Tertiary Care Center A Cross-Sectional Study, A Malini, B Bhuvaneshwari

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Improper hand hygiene (HH) practices are responsible for nearly 40% of health care-associated infections (HCAIs). Good HH measures are the most cost-effective means of reducing its incidence. Health-care workers (HCWs) play an important role in reducing HCAI by adhering to HH and intensive care unit protocols.

OBJECTIVES:

The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge regarding HH among nurses using a questionnaire and to assess compliance to the WHO's “My five moments of hand hygiene” among nurses using a mobile application (App).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was an observational cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center conducted …

Correlation Between Cigarette Smoking And Raised Intraocular Pressure In Males, Sushmita Mukherji, Soumen Karmakar, Sibaji Dasgupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

OBJECTIVE:

Smoking is one of the most important risk factors both in systemic as well as ocular diseases. Its role in pathogenesis of ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma has been proposed, but there remains a controversy in the study results. Our aim is to find any association between cigarette smoking and raised intraocular pressure (IOP).

METHODS:

This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 60 male subjects were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirty-one were selected using simple random sampling, had raised IOP, among which 17 were smokers. Two-nine matched subjects had normal IOP, with 11 smokers among …

Academic Loss-Related Anxiety Among College Students During Covid-19 Pandemic, Sagar Rai, Zareen Akhtar, Kaushal Kishor Singh, Madan Lal Brahma Bhatt, Sudhir Kumar Verma, Sujita Kumar Kar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The global outbreak of SARS-CoV2, initially affecting few individuals in Wuhan city of China, is now devastating millions of lives. Among all, students face substantial challenges, mainly in academic losses due to the imposed lockdown that may be detrimental to their mental well-being. Our study aimed to identify the anxiety levels among university students undergoing training in various disciplines.

METHODS:

It was a cross-sectional study. General Anxiety Disorder-7 scale within a semi-structured questionnaire was used to assess students' anxiety levels about their academic loss.

RESULTS:

A total of 507 students from India participated in the survey. Eventually, the prevalence …

Study Of “Three Delay Model” Of Maternal Morbidity And Mortality In Two Tertiary Care Hospitals Of Belagavi, Jyoti Singh, Chandra S. Metgud

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Every year millions of women around the world suffer from pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum complication. Approximately 810 women die every day worldwide from preventable causes related to pregnancy and delivery. The concept of severe acute maternal morbidity or near miss was aptly developed for the present health-care system. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined “near-miss” as a woman, who is close to death, survives a complication that occurred during pregnancy, delivery, or up to 42 days after the termination of her pregnancy. The important causes of maternal mortality and morbidity have been summarized as the three delays. These …

The Other Corona Warriors A Kap Study On Covid-19 Among Janitors And Housekeeping Staff From A Tertiary Care Hospital In Eastern India, Vineeta Shukla, Ripan Saha, Ankita Mishra, Meghna Mukherjee, Mausumi Basu, Raghunath Misra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Janitors and housekeeping staff are an integral part of our health-care system and are also in the frontline to fight this pandemic. COVID-19 infection is a new disease which currently has no specific treatment and vaccine, but this disease is preventable if there is a high level of awareness. This is especially important for housekeepers as they are unable to get adequate protection unlike doctors and nurses. They also receive less importance and appreciation than other frontline workers.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of janitors and housekeeping staff of a tertiary care hospital on COVID-19 …

Lifestyle Behavior Of Patients With Noncommunicable Diseases During Covid-19 Pandemic An Observational Study, Renu Bala, Amit Srivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses an unprecedented challenge and adversely affects the lifestyle of people with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) due to enforced restrictions by the governments.

AIMS:

The study aimed to assess the physical activity and prophylactic behavior, along with change in sleep, alcohol intake, and tobacco consumption during the enforced lockdown.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The study was conducted in August 2020 and recruited NCD patients visiting the institute's outpatient department. Questions were formed on prophylactic behavior, changes in sleep, and alcohol and tobacco consumption along with a validated scale of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short Form.

RESULTS:

The …

Personal Protective Equipment Usage And Its Disposal By The Residents Of Dhaka City During The Covid-19 Pandemic A Mixed-Method Enquiry, Shuvashis Saha, Md Shah Newaz, Shajib Hazari, Mohammad Kabir Uddin, Samiul Iqbal, Kh Salekuzzaman

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

COVID-19 has caused unprecedented hazard not only to the health and economy but also to the environment worldwide. In the absence of an effective vaccine to the mass people, practice of preventive measures against coronavirus can only save the health and economy of a poor nation like Bangladesh. On one hand, poor practice of protective behavior against the novel coronavirus has been reported among the general population and on the other hand, sudden rise of personal protective equipments (PPEs) use are causing massive damage to the environment of the cities like Dhaka.

AIMS:

This study aims to understand the …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Rural Population Of Belgaum District, Arvind L. Tenagi, Lisa Sunny, Vivek Wani, Mahesh I. Magdum, K. S. Smitha, B. K. Bhagyajyothi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Rural population is highly underprivileged in terms of access to tertiary eye care facilities.

AIMS:

The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and associated risk factors among known diabetics in the rural population of Belgaum district.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

A cross-sectional population-based study was carried out from January 2018 to December 2018.

METHODOLOGY:

Three hundred and forty patients underwent a detailed ocular examination. Clinical grading was based on early treatment of DR study guidelines. Random blood sugar, blood pressure, height, weight, hemoglobin, serum creatinine, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: …

Effectiveness Of Meditation Programs In Empirically Reducing Stress And Amplifying Cognitive Function, Thus Boosting Individual Health Status A Narrative Overview, Rohan Arora, Reshu Gupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Meditation is increasingly being used to promote general health, to treat stress and stress-related conditions, and is also beginning to find its feet in cognitive therapeutics. This article intends to evaluate its impacts on stress and cognitive function, aiming to augment the understanding of the mechanisms and subsequent implications for individual health. A multistep approach was used for the purpose of selection of articles, which was based on shortlisting of titles, then abstracts and further full texts. Subject to selection criteria, keywords “Meditation,” “stress,” “cognition,” “reducing,” “health,” and “effectiveness” were used to search online databases and conduct hand searches. The …

Sudden Onset Of Olfactory And Gustatory Dysfunction - An Early Predictor To Isolate The Patient In Covid-19 Pandemic, Santosh Kumar Swain

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a new pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The prevalent symptoms in COVID-19 include fever, cough, sore throat, rhinorrhea, myalgia, headache, dyspnea, and diarrhea. At the initial period of the COVID-19 pandemic, the clinical presentations such as olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions were considered as atypical. At present, olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions are not uncommon symptoms among COVID-19 infections in the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially, these two symptoms were underestimated and not recognized among scientific community. At present, many otolaryngologists over the world documented that COVID-19 patients presented with olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions even without …

Need For A Holistic Approach To Contain Hepatitis C World Health Organization, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Hepatitis C has been acknowledged as one of the global public health concerns owing to its universal distribution, high incidence, impaired quality of life, and associated life threatening complications, including death. The need to have an urgent public health response is further emphasized by the fact they tend to cast a major financial burden on the community. Considering the huge burden of the chronic infections, it is high time that the access to affordable testing and treatment is given due importance. However, as with any other program, the success of the program requires sustained financial support and simultaneous investments have …

Defining The Normal Range For Screening Panel Of Neutrophil Function Tests In Healthy Adult Indian Participants, Shivanand S. Pattan, Kishore G. Bhat, Vijay M. Kumbar, Manohar S. Kugaji, Geeta Pattar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Neutrophils, the most abundant white blood cells are known to play a major role in the fundamental physiological response to tackle with microbial infections via different mechanisms. A series of assays have been developed that mimic neutrophil functions both

in vivo

and

in vitro

to look at specific deficiencies of neutrophil function. There is need to develop method to have defined normal range for these tests to differentiate between health and disease. We aim to define normal range for panel of screening assays in healthy adult Indian participants.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 30 male and 30 female …

Digital Devices; A Boon Or Bane Ocular And Musculoskeletal Manifestations During Lockdown In Covid-19 Pandemic Among General Population Of North India, Sneha Kumari, Pankaj Ranjan, Mitasha Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

During the lockdown in COVID-19 days, excessive usage of digital devices leads to various consequences of ocular and musculoskeletal problems, mainly in the form of computer vision syndrome (CVS) and repetitive strain injury (RSI).

Objectives:

The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of symptoms of CVS and RSI and their association between the duration of use of electronic devices among the general population of North India during the period of lockdown (March–May, 2020).

Methodology:

The present study was a cross-sectional, descriptive, population-based study conducted during the 2 months period of lockdown between April and May 2020. …

Performing Tracheostomy On Covid-19 Pediatric Patients At Intensive Care Unit Our Experiences, Santosh Kumar Swain, Ansuman Sahu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is posing unprecedented challenges among health-care workers for managing the pediatric tracheostomy. Tracheostomy and posttracheostomy care are considered as high-risk procedures for contamination of health-care workers and other patients of the intensive care unit (ICU) in COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective:

The objective of this retrospective study is to evaluate the details of pediatric tracheostomy including patients' profile, surgical steps, complications, and precautions by health-care workers at the ICU of the specially assigned hospital for COVID-19 patients.

Materials and Methods:

This is a descriptive retrospective study in which 18 COVID-19 pediatric patients underwent bedside surgical tracheostomy …

An Intervention-Based Study To Assess The Acceptability And Effectiveness Of A Breast Health Awareness Program Among Rural Women Of Southern Haryana, India, Avinash Surana, Rakesh Tank, D. R. Rajesh, Abhishek Singh, Vikas Gupta, Deepika Agrawal, Virender Kumar Chhoker

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Breast cancer is among the most prevalent cancers in India and improving breast cancer awareness among women has shown to overcome the barriers related to diagnosis and treatment. Although breast self-examination (BSE) being quite easy and fast procedure, it a matter of debate that in limited-resource settings, it could be implemented or not, and hence, the present study was conducted to assess the acceptability and effectiveness of a breast health awareness program among rural women.

Methods:

The present prospective interventional study was conducted for a duration of 12 months among 270 rural women in the age group of 30–59 …