Digital Commons Network^™

Characterization Of Visual Field Loss Over 4 Years In The Rate Of Progression In Ush2a-Related Retinal Degeneration (Rush2a) Study, Jacque L Duncan, Maureen G Maguire, Lee S Mcdaniel, Nicole R Doucet, Isabelle Audo, Allison R Ayala, Janet K Cheetham, Peiyao Cheng, Todd A Durham, Rachel M Huckfeldt, Robert B Hufnagel, K Thiran Jayasundera, Naheed Khan, Brett Malbin, Ramiro S Maldonado, Michel Michaelides, Mark E Pennesi, Christina Y Weng, Alex Zmejkoski, Shobana Aravind, Hiroshi Ishikawa, David G Birch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: To report visual field loss using static perimetry (SP) and kinetic perimetry (KP) over 4 years in the Rate of Progression of USH2A-related Retinal Degeneration (RUSH2A) study.

Design: Prospective, observational cohort study.

Subjects, participants, and/or controls: Participants had USH2A-related rod-cone degeneration, visual acuity ≥20/80, and KP III4e ≥10° at baseline in the study eye. Preserved cohorts with baseline visual fields sufficient to detect progression were identified.

Methods: Participants were examined annually through 4 years. Mixed-effects models were used to estimate the annual, standardized rate, and percentage rates of change.

Main outcome measures: SP measures included hill of vision (total: …

Gastrointestinal Infection Before Immune Checkpoint Inhibition Hinders Treatment Efficacy And Increases The Risk Of Colitis, Malek Shatila, Kian Abdul-Baki, Andres Urias Rivera, Kei Takigawa, Irene Jeong-Ah Lee, Andrew Sullivan, Tanvi Gupta, Linfeng Lu, Raakhi Menon, Ayesha Khan, Hamza Salim, Elliot Baerman, Carolina Colli Cruz, Cristina Natha, Varun Vemulapalli, Garrett Coleman, Krishnavathana Varatharajalu, Christopher Fan, Pablo Okhuysen, Anthony J Olszanski, Yan Zhou, Hao Chi Zhang, Mehnaz Shafi, Yinghong Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) infections, which often result in or stem from intestinal dysbiosis, can affect the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and increase the risk of adverse effects, such as colitis. In this study, we explored the impact of GI infections before initiation of ICI therapy on the incidence and severity of immune-mediated colitis (IMC) and survival.

Methods: A single-center, retrospective review including all patients who received ICIs from January 2010 to February 2024 and subsequently developed IMC. Patients were screened for IMC and prior GI infections based on symptoms and stool tests. Patients' demographic, IMC, and GI infection-related …

Sabin Cdc Affordable Infill Initiative, Andrew Lindstrom, Casey Dobbert, Josh Miller, Laura Fleming, Menodora Roos-Lemaster, Nick Flowers

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

Grounded Growth Planning Cooperative partnered with Sabin Community Development Corporation (CDC), a non-profit affordable housing developer in North/Northeast Portland. The project goal was to examine 11 sites in their Scattered Sites Portfolio for the possibility of infill development to increase the portfolio’s financial performance and to provide additional housing to individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs) were the primary focus of the evaluation, as they can be constructed without modifying the existing housing and displacing existing tenants. The report identifies opportunities for Sabin CDC to take advantage of Portland zoning code changes that allow increased …

Honoring Childhood Agency In Developmental Research: Best Practices, Applications, And Insights, Amanda N. Howery, Olivia J. Lashley, Hanna R. Wright, Julia L. Williams, Olivia K. Nomura, Eline Lenne, Elizabeth K. Wood, Hanna C. Gustafsson, Elinor L. Sullivan

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Pediatric research requires caregivers to provide informed consent on behalf of their children. While not a formal requirement for children under the age of seven, it is important to involve child participants in the assent and decision-making processes in developmentally appropriate ways. This is especially important in longitudinal research, where the extent to which a developing child understands study tasks evolves over time. Although there is consensus that assent procedures are important and necessary, limited resources synthesizing strategies for pediatric researchers to encourage positive and respectful research experiences for young children exist. We describe methods used in an ongoing longitudinal …

The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium: Discoveries And Directions, Arpana Agrawal, Cynthia M Bulik, Dawit Shawel Abebe, Ole A Andreassen, Elizabeth G Atkinson, Karmel W Choi, Aiden Corvin, Helena L Davies, Lea K Davis, Anna R Docherty, Howard J Edenberg, Barbara Franke, Joel Gelernter, Paola Giusti-Rodríguez, John M Hettema, Jens Hjerling-Leffler, Hailiang Huang, Emma C Johnson, Cathryn M Lewis, Yi Lu, Mary-Ellen Lynall, Joanna Martin, Andrew M Mcintosh, Janitza L Montalvo-Ortiz, Niamh Mullins, Caroline M Nievergelt, Kevin S O'Connell, Michael C O'Donovan, Adeniran Okewole, Roseann E Peterson, Danielle Posthuma, Jonathan Sebat, Jordan W Smoller, Reeteka Sud, Biju Viswanath, James T R Walters, Hyejung Won, Naomi R Wray, Patrick F Sullivan, Coordinating Committee Of The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) has fueled discoveries of common and rare genetic variation contributing to liability to many psychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions. This narrative review reflects on major findings from the past half decade of research by this international group of investigators in five priority areas: discovery of common variants using GWAS; rare variation and its interplay with polygenic risk; leveraging genetics to go beyond diagnostic boundaries; ascribing functional attributes to genomic discoveries; and developing and implementing processes for data sharing, outreach to various communities, and training. The insights gained in these domains frame the agenda for the next …

Prevalence Of Fibrosis In Hepatic Explants And Biopsies From Individuals With Urea Cycle Disorders, Saima Ali, Aisha Nisar, Anqing Zhang, Sandesh Nagamani, Nathalie M Aceves-Ewing, Brandy Rawls, Thu Quan, Greg Enns, John Goss, Daniel H Leung, Benjamin L Shneider, Shilpa Jain, Florette K Hazard, Deborah Schady, Lindsay C Burrage

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Various forms of liver disease have been increasingly reported in individuals with urea cycle disorders (UCDs). In this study, we performed the first systematic and standardized histopathological assessment of the prevalence of fibrosis and steatosis in a large sample of hepatic explants and biopsies from individuals with UCDs at two liver transplantation centers.

Methods: Sixty-seven hepatic tissue samples from 66 individuals with UCDs were staged by two pathologists for hepatic fibrosis and steatosis using standard scoring systems at two large liver transplantation centers in the United States. Histopathological findings were correlated with clinical parameters, including UCD type, laboratory parameters, …

Effective Algorithm To Differentiate Nbs Mcadd Cases From Carriers And Non-Carriers And An Assessment Of The Utility Of The Second Newborn Screen For Mcadd, Matthew T Snyder, Kristian Divin, Ning Liu, Qin Sun, Yue Wang, Xi Luo, Yishay Ben-Moshe, Lindsay C Burrage, V Reid Sutton

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

False positives are an inherent part of newborn screening that can increase both costs to the healthcare system and parental anxiety. Previous studies primarily examined presumptive positive rates for medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) in places conducting one newborn screen (NBS), with predominantly white, non-Hispanic subjects. Texas performs two NBSs and there is a majority Hispanic population in our region. This study aims to analyze biochemical and DNA data to more easily distinguish affected individuals from carriers or healthy non-carriers and identify benefits and challenges of a second NBS for MCADD. Biochemical and targeted DNA data from NBS dried blood …

Acquired Resistance In Cancer: Towards Targeted Therapeutic Strategies, Alice Soragni, Erik S Knudsen, Thomas N O'Connor, Cristina E Tognon, Jeffrey W Tyner, Beatrice Gini, Donghwa Kim, Trever G Bivona, Xingxing Zang, Agnieszka K Witkiewicz, David W Goodrich, Dadi Jiang, Seth T Gammon, Christopher D Willey, Paul C Boutros, Vlad C Sandulache, Abdullah A Osman, Jeffrey N Myers, Kamiya Mehla, Pankaj K Singh, Keith S Chan, Hongbo Gao, Himangi Marathe

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Development of acquired therapeutic resistance limits the efficacy of cancer treatments and accounts for therapeutic failure in most patients. How resistance arises, varies across cancer types and differs depending on therapeutic modalities is incompletely understood. Novel strategies that address and overcome the various and complex resistance mechanisms necessitate a deep understanding of the underlying dynamics. We are at a crucial time when innovative technologies applied to patient-relevant tumour models have the potential to bridge the gap between fundamental research into mechanisms and timing of acquired resistance and clinical applications that translate these findings into actionable strategies to extend therapy efficacy. …

Rapid Dissection And Dissociation Of The Mouse Olfactory Epithelium For Single-Nucleus Suspensions, Benjamin D W Belfort, Anthony M Insalaco, Claude C Chew, Johnathan D Jia, Julia Younis, Benjamin R Arenkiel

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

The murine olfactory epithelium is the initial entry point of the olfactory system, housing various cell types that include olfactory sensory neurons, their regenerating progenitors, and support cells. Olfactory sensory neurons transduce chemical odorants into neural signals, yet the mechanisms underlying how these cells develop and turnover, create synapses with the olfactory bulb, and regulate their odorant receptors remain areas of intense study. Located on the dorsal aspect of the nasal cavity, the olfactory epithelium adheres to intricate bony structures known as turbinates. This anatomy poses unique challenges for its extraction and dissociation, especially in the context of preparing viable …

Community-Engaged Medical Student Elective To Improve Knowledge And Attitudes Toward Individuals With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, Kathryn J Kemere, Nital Appelbaum, Priya Chandan, Elisha Acosta

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) face multiple barriers to inclusion throughout life. One barrier is the medical knowledge and biases of adult healthcare providers with diagnoses traditionally associated with childhood. Medical school curricula have limited content related to IDD, and students have limited opportunities to engage with community organizations during their clinical years. Methods: We created a one-month clinical elective to address medical students' attitudes and knowledge regarding individuals with IDD using experiential learning. Students saw adult patients in our primary care clinic with a variety of IDD diagnoses and spent 30% of their time at community sites …

Developing Culturally Centered Outreach Materials For Rural Native Veterans, Alexandra B Caloudas, Kelley Arredondo, Gail Beauchamp, Sharon Anastas, Kathy Marchant-Miros, Kristen Frosio, Giselle Day, Katherine Bay, Stephanie Day, Jan Lindsay, Jay Shore

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Native Americans serve in the U.S. military at the highest rate per capita of any ethnoracial group and have elevated rates of mental health (MH) difficulties compared to other ethnoracial groups, including posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use disorders, and suicide. Almost half of Native Veterans live in rural areas; rurality is associated with significant barriers to MH services. Engaging in outreach with Native Veterans is an important pathway for connecting them with MH care, but the outreach process and educational materials must be culturally aligned to be more effective. We collaborated with partners at a rural Department of Veterans Affairs …

Comparative Efficacy Of Current Topical Treatments For Dry Eye Disease: A Review Of Pivotal Clinical Trials Evaluating Corneal Staining Outcomes, Ahmad Fahmy, Masih Ahmed, Stephen Pflugfelder, Anara Serikbaeva, Fang-Wei Tsao

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

• 40293775

Nerve-To-Cancer Transfer Of Mitochondria During Cancer Metastasis, Gregory Hoover, Shila Gilbert, Olivia Curley, Clémence Obellianne, Mike T Lin, William Hixson, Terry W Pierce, Joel F Andrews, Mikhail F Alexeyev, Yi Ding, Ping Bu, Fariba Behbod, Daniel Medina, Jeffrey T Chang, Gustavo Ayala, Simon Grelet

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The nervous system has a pivotal role in cancer biology, and pathological investigations have linked intratumoural nerve density to metastasis1. However, the precise impact of cancer-associated neurons and the communication channels at the nerve–cancer interface remain poorly understood. Previous cancer denervation models in rodents and humans have highlighted robust cancer dependency on nerves, but the underlying mechanisms that drive nerve-mediated cancer aggressivity remain unknown2,3. Here we show that cancer-associated neurons enhance cancer metabolic plasticity by transferring mitochondria to cancer cells. Breast cancer denervation and nerve–cancer coculture models confirmed that neurons significantly improve tumour energetics. …

Psychometric Evaluation Of The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale In Pregnant Women, Catherine E Rast, Rashelle Musci, Jonathan S Abramowitz, Gerald Nestadt, Paul Nestadt, Mary C Kimmel, Tracey Dibbs, Lauren M Osborne, Jack Samuels, Janice Krasnow, Eric A Storch

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: Although many women experience obsessive-compulsive symptoms during the perinatal period, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) has not yet been psychometrically evaluated in this population. This study examined the internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity, and factor structure of the YBOCS among pregnant women.

Methods: 256 Women who were 20 to 24 weeks pregnant completed the clinician-administered YBOCS and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) along with a series of self-report questionnaires including the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) and Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R).

Results: Internal consistency of the YBOCS was excellent, and there were strong …

Mechanisms Underlying Atrial Fibrillation In Chronic Kidney Disease, Jose Alberto Navarro-Garcia, Joshua A Keefe, Jia Song, Na Li, Xander H T Wehrens

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious and progressive worldwide health problem affecting 15 % of the global population. CKD is associated with higher mortality rates due to secondary complications such as cardiovascular disease. Common cardiovascular complications found in CKD patients include left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, and cardiac arrhythmias. The most common type of cardiac arrhythmia in CKD patients is atrial fibrillation (AF). Proper management of AF is important due to its high risk of cardiovascular complications and stroke. The incidence of AF remains higher in CKD patients than in the healthy population, highlighting the need to improve our …

Measuring The Impact Of A Delay In Care On Pediatric Otolaryngologic Surgery Completion, Geethanjeli N Mahendran, Ching Siong Tey, Mary Frances Musso, Grace Shebha Anand, Jeffrey Larson, Mitesh Mehta, Lara Reichert, Kara Prickett, Nikhila Pinnapureddy Raol

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: To determine if postponement of elective pediatric otorhinolaryngology surgeries results in a change in overall healthcare utilization and if there is any commensurate impact on disease progression.

Methods: We identified patients ≤18 years of age whose surgeries were postponed at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic-related shutdown. We then tracked patients' rate of and patterns of rescheduling surgery. Surveys were also sent to caregivers to better characterize his/her decision regarding moving forward with his/her child's surgery during COVID-19.

Results: A total of 1915 pediatric patients had elective surgeries canceled, of which 992 (51.8%) were rescheduled within 4 months. No …

Semaphorin 3e-Plexin-D1 Pathway Downstream Of The Luteinizing Hormone Surge Regulates Ovulation, Granulosa Cell Luteinization, And Ovarian Angiogenesis In Mice, Hanxue Zhang, Jimmy Dhillon, Paul D Soloway, Bo Shui, Seoyeon Lee, Jennifer K Grenier, Paul R Munn, M Cecilia Ljungberg, Rebecca B Williams, Rainer B Lanz, Yu-Hsiang Liao, Yi A Ren

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Ovulation is induced by the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge and accompanied by granulosa cell luteinization and ovarian angiogenesis. Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E)-Plexin-D1 pathway regulates angiogenesis in other tissues, but its role in the ovary is unknown. Evidence indicates that Sema3E-Plexin-D1 pathway plays an important role in the mouse ovary. The expression of Sema3E and its receptor, Plexin-D1, is dynamically regulated in the mouse ovary downstream of the LH surge. This regulation requires the modulation of chromatin accessibility by CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins α and β. Intraovarian injection of recombinant Sema3E results in reduced ovulation, impaired corpus luteum formation, and aberrant ovarian angiogenesis. These …

Glycerol Kinase Gene Variant As A Cause Of Pseudohypertriglyceridemia And Apparent Poor Response To Plozasiran, Miriam Larouche, Christie Ballantyne, Josiane Dufour, Diane Brisson, Bruce Given, Daniel Gaudet

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is characterized by plasma triglyceride (TG) levels >500 mg/dL (SI: 5.7 mmol/L) (reference range, < 150 mg/dL [SI: < 1.7 mmol/L]) and is linked to cardiovascular disease and pancreatitis risk. Treatment typically involves dietary restrictions and lipid-lowering medications. Glycerol kinase deficiency (GKD) is a rare genetic disorder that causes pseudo-HTG.

In SHASTA-2, a study of patients with severe HTG, most subjects (>90%) treated with plozasiran, an apolipoprotein C-III (APOC3) small interfering RNA (siRNA), achieved TG levels < 500 mg/dL (SI: 5.7 mmol/L), below the risk threshold for acute pancreatitis. We report herein a case study of a 65-year-old male apparently not responding to plozasiran. The patient was shown to carry a loss-of-function variant in the GK gene resulting in GKD, with high free glycerol (40.24 mg/dL or 4.37 mmol/L) (reference range, 0.03-0.13 mmol/L) that contributed to an overestimation of TG concentration. After correcting for free glycerol, the patient was noted to have had mild HTG, with plozasiran treatment decreasing real TG values by up to 71%.

This case report suggests that …

Hospital Experiences And Medical Traumatic Stress In Adults With Spina Bifida, Ellen Fremion, Nora Deibler, Juliana Abel, Monique Ridosh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose

This study examined hospital and emergency department (ED) experiences of adults with spina bifida (SB), medical traumatic stress (MTS) and participant characteristics including anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and resiliency scores.

Methods

Adults with SB who had a hospital or ED encounter within the last five years were recruited from a medical home clinic and completed a structured interview and validated questionnaires. Narrative inquiry was used and descriptive analyses were conducted. MTS scores were reported per participant characteristics and emotional health questionnaire score counts and percentages.

Results

Twenty-five adults with SB representing 37% of eligible patients were …

Effect Of Aerobic Or Resistance Exercise, Or Both On Insulin Secretion, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor, And Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 In Dieting Older Adults With Obesity, Georgia Colleluori, Viola Viola, Siresha Bathina, Reina Armamento-Villareal, Clifford Qualls, Antonio Giordano, Dennis T Villareal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background and aims: Obesity exacerbates age-related changes in metabolic and physical function. The effect of distinct exercise modalities combined with diet-induced weight loss on insulin secretion in older adults with obesity and frailty is unknown, and the potential mediators of the metabolic and functional improvements induced by lifestyle therapy still need to be identified. We aimed to assess the effects of various exercise therapies coupled with diet-induced weight loss on insulin secretion and sensitivity and on the levels of circulating Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF), its receptor (CNTFRα), and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) in older adults with both obesity and frailty. …

Anaphylaxis Definition, Overview, And Clinical Support Tool: 2024 Consensus Report-A Ga2len Project, Timothy E Dribin, Antonella Muraro, Carlos A Camargo, Paul J Turner, Julie Wang, Graham Roberts, Aikaterini Anagnostou, Susanne Halken, Jay Liebermann, Margitta Worm, Torsten Zuberbier, Hugh A Sampson, Ga(2)Len Anaphylaxis Study Team

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: The 2006 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network anaphylaxis criteria are widely used in clinical care and research. In 2020, the World Allergy Organization published modified criteria that have not been uniformly adopted. Different criteria contribute to inconsistent care and research outcomes.

Objective: We sought to develop a consensus anaphylaxis definition, overview, and clinical support tool.

Methods: A 12-member writing group developed draft outputs modified with input from a 46-member international expert panel, 31 medical stakeholder organizations, and 15 patient advocacy organizations. The expert panel participated in a modified Delphi process to seek consensus …

A Simple, Interpretable Machine Learning Model Based On Clinical Factors Accurately Predicts Incident Dysplasia Or Malignancy In Barrett's Esophagus, Ashwin Rao, Jasmine Haydel, Samuel Ma, Aaron P Thrift, Theresa Nguyen-Wenker, Hashem B El-Serag

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: Identifying patients likely to develop dysplasia or malignancy is critical for effective surveillance in patients with Barrett's Esophagus (BE). However, current predictive models are limited. We evaluated the performance of machine learning (ML) models in predicting incident dysplasia or malignancy in a cohort of veteran patients with BE.

Methods: We analyzed data from 598 patients newly diagnosed with non-dysplastic BE (NDBE), BE indefinite for dysplasia (BE-IND), and BE with non-persistent low-grade dysplasia (LGD) at the Michael DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center from November 1990 to January 2019 with follow-up through January 2024. Progressors were patients who developed persistent LGD, …

Stool-Based Molecular Tuberculosis Treatment Monitoring: A Faster Means For Detecting Persistent Mycobacteria Compared To Phenotypic Culture, Clement Gascua Adu Gyamfi, Abigail Seeger, Durbbin Mulengwa, Anca Vasiliu, Lucia Carratala-Castro, Bariki Mtafya, Nontobeko Maphalala, Shilzia Munguambe, Belen Saavedra, Tara Ness, Gugu Maphalala, Sozinho Acacio, Edson Mambuque, Joanna Ehrlich, Rojelio Mejia, Mangaliso Ziyane, H Lester Kirchner, Christoph Lange, Alexander Kay, Alberto L Garcia-Basteiro, Anna Mandalakas, Andrew R Dinardo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) treatment monitoring is hindered by the lack of a rapidly measured biomarker that accurately predicts clinically relevant outcomes. Symptom screening poorly correlates with bacillary burden. Although culture is a direct measure of viable bacillary burden, the long turnaround time makes it clinically irrelevant.

Methods: The TB treatment monitoring potential of stool-based, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was prospectively assessed among 231 participants of all ages from Eswatini, Tanzania, and Mozambique with microbiologically confirmed TB. Stool qPCR results were compared to sputum culture, persistent symptoms, drug resistance, and World Health Organization TB outcomes.

Results: Quantitative bacillary burden measured …

Diagnostic Value Of Cell-Free Dna Fetal Fraction In Patients With Prenatally Suspected Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder, Danielle Chirumbole, Christian M Parobek, Alex Tai, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar, Yamely H Mendez, Spoorthi Kamepalli, Christina C Reed, Arthur Ladron De Guevara, Keneshia Lane, Claire Hoppenot, Amir A Shamshirsaz, Michael A Belfort, Jessian L Munoz, Hendrik A Lombaard

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between fetal fraction (FF) and placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) pathology in patients with prenatally suspected PAS.

Methods: This was a case-control study utilizing a database of pregnancies with suspected or proven PAS delivered between 6/2012 and 7/2024 at a single institution. Pregnancies were excluded if FF was not reported. The primary outcome was mean FF in pregnancies with a final clinical diagnosis of low FIGO grade (no PAS or FIGO1-2) versus high FIGO grade (FIGO3) placenta accreta. Results were reported as mean FF ± standard error of the mean. …

Rebounds Reconsidered: Exploring Perceived Causes And Consequences Of People's Beliefs About Rebound Relationships, Hunter Krampe

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Romantic breakups are common and can significantly impact emotional well-being. Many individuals enter rebound relationships despite the prevailing belief that these relationships are disingenuous or unhealthy. While limited empirical research exists, some studies suggest rebound relationships may have positive effects, contradicting common advice. This study examined perceptions of rebound relationships, assessing whether individuals who entered a new relationship shortly after a breakup (3 weeks) were perceived more negatively than those who waited longer (3 months). Using a 2x2 experimental design, participants rated targets on emotional state, personality traits, and expected relationship stability. Results indicated that rebounders were not perceived as …

The Impact Of Previous Police Contact And Attitudes Toward Police On Firearm Carriage In A College Student Population, Amanda Kroll

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examines whether an association exists between police contact and firearm carriage. Additionally, the present study examines whether the intrusiveness of police contact has an association with firearm carriage. Questionnaires measuring participant demographics, perceptions of the police, contact with the police, and firearm carriage were administered to 222 participants recruited through undergraduate psychology courses at a state university in the Midwest. Results indicated that participants with a history of contact with the police were more likely to carry a firearm than participants with no contact with the police. Regarding frequency of firearm carriage, participants with a history of police …

Criminogenic Risk Factors For Delinquency In Relation To The Custodial Parent: Incorporating Parent-Child Gender Dyads, Behavioral Control, And Support, Niko Noel Piña-Anastasiadis

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Juvenile delinquency tends to be higher in single-parent households (Kroese et al., 2021). Research investigating this phenomenon has found conflicting results on whether a juvenile has lower rates of delinquency with a custodial father (paternal hypothesis), custodial mother (maternal hypothesis), or whether gender is secondary to other factors. Similarly, some studies found that the interaction of the juvenile living with a same-gendered parent was associated with lower levels of delinquency. Further complications include how parental variables, such as behavioral control and support levels, may interact with the juvenile and custodial parent gender (Hoeve et al., 2009). The current study utilizes …

Model Explainability: From Post-Hoc To Self-Explainable, Xin Miao Lin

Theses

Deep learning models have achieved remarkable success across diverse domains, yet their ``black-box" nature poses significant challenges to trust and adoption, particularly in high-stakes applications. This dissertation addresses the critical need for explainable artificial intelligence by advancing model interpretability through three complementary approaches: improved post-hoc explanation methods, internal mechanism understanding, and inherently interpretable architectures. First, we tackle the challenge of explaining video understanding models by proposing Frequency-based Extremal Perturbation (F-EP), which generates spatiotemporally consistent explanations for video classification. By leveraging frequency domain analysis and extending perturbation-based methods to the temporal dimension, F-EP achieves superior spatiotemporal consistency while maintaining high classification …

Survey Of Aquatic Invasive Plants In Selected Umpqua National Forest Lakes And Ponds, Jacob Rose, Gabriel E. Campbell, Catherine De Rivera

Center for Lakes and Reservoirs Publications and Presentations

Seven lakes and ponds within the Umpqua National Forest were surveyed for aquatic invasive weeds during the summer of 2025. These survey results support the US Forest Service and collaborators’ preparations for an upcoming National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) effort to provide coverage for management actions. Center for Lakes and Reservoirs previously surveyed selections of these waterbodies in 2011 and 2009. For this survey, staff sampled 44-105 points per waterbody, and recorded species frequency, species proportion, and water depth. Surveyed waterbodies predominantly featured diverse native plant communities with 12 to 25 aquatic and emergent species. However, the invasive yellow floatingheart …

Parabolic Flight As A Research Platform To Investigate Ophthalmic Changes In Microgravity, Tuan Nguyen, Joshua Ong, Sarah Aman, Alex Weaver, Ana Garcia, Amy Song, Fatma Shakarchi, Ethan Waisberg, Andrew G Lee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Parabolic flight serves as an important terrestrial analog to study acute physiological changes in microgravity without the need for space travel. During a parabolic flight, alternating hypergravity and microgravity phases, lasting up to 40 seconds, enable research into ophthalmic changes. In this review, we discuss the application of parabolic flight as a platform to study microgravity-related changes that might impact ophthalmology including intraocular pressure, intracranial pressure, choroidal blood flow, and modified eye movement patterns. We further highlight how these insights could aid our understanding of vestibulo-ocular reflexes and conditions such as Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS). While the brief duration …