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Guilty Till Proven Innocent: Pennsylvania’S Battle With Eyewitness Misidentification And Wrongful Convictions, Chante Whyte

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

In his dissent in Watkins v. Sowders, Justice William J. Brennan of the United States Supreme Court found, “[T]here is almost nothing more convincing than a live human being who takes the stand, points a finger at the defendant, and says ‘That’s the one!’” Eyewitness identifications play a crucial role in the investigation and prosecution of crimes. However, the reliance on eyewitness testimony has also given rise to a significant issue within the criminal justice system: eyewitness misidentification. This phenomenon is now recognized as the leading cause of wrongful convictions in the United States. Over the years, extensive scientific and …

The Future Of Title Ix After House V. Ncaa, Abigail Perkiss

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

In October 2025, attorneys representing current and former Division I college athletes filed preliminary briefs in the Ninth Circuit, calling on the appellate court to reverse the settlement in House v. NCAA,¹ which in April 2025 turned intercollegiate athletics on its head. The brief argued that the terms of the settlement stand in violation of Title IX of the 1972 Educational Amendments, the legislation that prohibited sex-based discrimination in education programs and related activities that receive federal funding. According to the settlement terms, 90 percent of the backpay is earmarked to fund men’s football and basketball players, 5 percent …

Advocating For Cause: The California Recall Process Needs A Purpose, Mary-Beth Moylan

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

Democratic systems and the tools that sustain them need to operate by the people and for the people with consideration to the realities of the era in which they exist. The use of direct democracy, and in particular the recall process, in recent decades suggests that what was once a progressive reform intended to ensure good government has now become a political tool for stoking partisan disruption. It is time for a close look at how and why some states continue to allow for recall and the circumstances under which a recall election should be called. During the COVID-19 pandemic, …

A Level Playing Field: Title Ix, The House Settlement, And A Sustainable Solution For College Athletics, Delaney Sniffen, Kirk Wolff

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

Collegiate student-athletes are increasingly viewed as employees by scholars, judges, and the market, though not yet by colleges or Congress. As stakeholders press Congress to clarify, universities must balance NLRA labor rights for athletes who likely meet the employee test with Title IX obligations tied to federal funding; neither can be sacrificed. This Essay traces gender discrimination that constrained women’s sports; explains why many athletes satisfy the NLRA employee test; and underscores Title IX’s central role in women’s equal participation. It shows how recognizing athletes as employees would modify the Title IX analysis and create tension between collective bargaining and …

“You’Re Denying God”: Thoughts On Institutional Homophobia From Lgbtq-Affirming Staff And Faculty At Christian Colleges, Kaytlin Epperly

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Over 4 million adults identify as LGBTQ Christians in the United States (Conron et al., 2020). Yet, despite increasing support in secular and religious circles alike, the LGBTQ community continues to face prejudice and discrimination in evangelical Christian spaces (Jones, 2026; Public Religion Research Institute, 2023). Unfortunately, much of this is experienced on Christian college campuses. During a crucial period of identity development, many emerging adults on these campuses struggle between their queer identities and Christian faith, leading to psychological distress, shame, and marginalization. However, previous research illustrates the integral role that social support plays in LGBTQ students’ wellbeing (Cook …

Relationships Between Substance Use, Adverse Childhood Experiences, Psychological Functioning, And Use Of Positive Coping, Jade Binford

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

Clinicians have attempted to understand substance abuse for years, and theories attempting to explain substance abuse have evolved. Theories have ranged from viewing the issue as a moral failure to interpreting it through a disease-oriented viewpoint. The self-medication hypothesis has been used to understand substance abuse and describes the issue as deriving from individuals seeking relief from psychological distress (e.g., emotional dysregulation, behavioral impairment, painful memories). Substance abuse has been linked to the experience of depression, anxiety, exposure to adverse experiences in childhood and adulthood, and trauma-related clinical diagnoses. The role of positive coping has been considered a function that …

America 250, Arizona State University

History

Photographs, Bibliography, Collection Description and Word Search for a display of government documents from Fletcher Library at Arizona State University.

The Efficiency Paradox Of Majoritarian Democracy, Barbara Luppi, Francesco Parisi

Articles

Majoritarian democracy is widely regarded as the canonical procedure for converting heterogeneous individual preferences into collective decisions, yet its welfare properties are far more fragile than legal and political theorists suggest. This paper contributes to the literature on the limits of majoritarianism by applying a spatial voting model to demonstrate that the conditions under which majoritarian democracies produce efficient outcomes are narrowly constrained by the structural features of majority rule itself. We formalize a multidimensional policy environment in which voters bargain over both the policy vector and lump‑sum transfers. We show that—even with transferable utility among members of the majority …

Iere Annual Report 2026, Erin Largo-Wight, Heather Barnes Truelove, Kelly Rhoden, Jessica Barnes, Lauren Canady, Nicole Lowe, Ruby Cox, Sydney Barrett, Kathleen Hutton

Annual Reports

2026 Annual Report of the Institute for Environmental Research and Education

Administrative Self-Constitutionalism, Brian Lipshutz

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

Since the days of the Interstate Commerce Commission, federal agencies have generally refused to address the constitutionality of statutory provisions. They have offered little reasoning to justify that refusal, yet scholars have generally accepted it. This Article explains why agencies can—and should—address constitutional challenges to statutory provisions.

Agencies have the power to assess the constitutionality of statutory provisions. They already exercise a similar authority when they apply the canon of constitutional avoidance and consider the constitutionality of individual actions. There is no basis for stopping short of addressing challenges to statutes. And many scholars have recognized that, as a formal …

Youngstown, William Baude

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

No abstract provided.

General Law Revivalism And The Problem Of 1938, Jack Landman Goldsmith, Curtis Bradley

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

From the constitutional Founding until Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64 (1938), federal courts routinely applied a body of “general law” to resolve a wide range of legal issues, including issues relating to commercial law, tort law, international law, conflict of laws, equity, and procedure. This general law regime became politically fraught and difficult to administer, and the Supreme Court repudiated it in Erie, declaring that “there is no federal general common law” and requiring the federal courts to ground all rules in either federal or state law. Erie and its progeny created what this Article terms the …

Counseling Professionals' Perspectives On Ai Integration In Education And Supervision: A Concept Mapping Study, Hank Crofford, Elif Bor, Gülşah Kemer

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

The rapid emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) has raised important questions about how new technologies will shape professional norms and practices in counseling. The purpose of this study was to understand how counseling professionals expect AI to be integrated into counselor education and supervision (CES). Using a mixed‐methods concept mapping design, 31 participants generated and sorted statements about the potential roles, benefits, and concerns associated with AI in the profession. Participants represented diverse counseling roles, including counselor educators, licensed professional counselors, supervisors, master's‐ and doctoral‐level trainees, and other counseling‐related professionals. Standard concept mapping procedures were conducted using R, resulting in …

Legislative Debate-Attributed Suicidality Among Lgbtq+ Adults: The Buffering Effect Of Community Belongingness, Keith J. Watts, Shawndaya S. Thrasher, Laneshia R. Conner, Nicole Campbell, Louis G. Baser, Dekeitra Griffin, Sydney P. Howard, Missy Spears, Justin X. Moore

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Background: In recent years, the sociopolitical landscape in the United States has shifted due to an increase in state-level legislation regarding LGBTQ+ rights, a trend that has been particularly pronounced in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. While the mental health impacts of enacted laws are increasingly documented, a critical gap remains in understanding the psychological toll of the legislative debates themselves—the prolonged periods of public discourse surrounding the restriction of rights. Methods: Utilizing data from the 2025 Queer Kentucky Survey (N = 817), this exploratory study examined the association between LGBTQ+ community belongingness and acute suicidality attributed specifically to anti-LGBTQ+ legislative …

Asynchronous Lgbtq+ Affirming Counseling Training With Early Career Counselors: A Mixed Methods Program Evaluation, Amber L. Pope, Kelli Hartzell, Matt B. Siroty, Jeff Moe, Noelle St. Germain-Sehr, Bianca R. Augustine, Amanda St. Germain-Sehr, Tai Lexumé

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

A growing body of research shows that training in LGBTQ+ affirming counseling (LGBTQ+ AC) positively impacts counselors’ perceived knowledge and skills in providing mental health services to LGBTQ+ communities. Existing program evaluations of LGBTQ+ AC, however, have primarily used synchronous delivery formats and cultural competency models for the training design. This study is part of an action research agenda to develop an introductory training in LGBTQ+ AC, using asynchronous online delivery and cultural humility as the conceptual framework for the training design. We used a fixed convergent parallel mixed methods quasi-experimental design to examine the impact of our LGBTQ+ AC …

Broaching The Intersectionality Of Race And Disability In School Counseling, Aaron Albright, Emily Goodman-Scott, Jenna Alvarez, Rawn Boulden

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Students of color with disabilities experience compounded inequities. This conceptual article details these compounded inequities. The authors provide a review of the literature related to inequities in education, culturally affirming antiracist school counseling, intersectionality, and broaching. Next, the authors provide a rationale for implementing Day-Vines and colleagues’ multidimensional model of broaching behaviors (MMBB) in school counseling with students of color with disabilities. Then, the authors use the MMBB heuristic to conceptualize practical guidelines for school counselors to engage in direct broaching with their students. These guidelines are tabulated with a description of the four broaching dimensions and their aim within …

"Oh, You've Come To Visit The Yard?": Phenotypic Capital, Intragroup Marginalization, And The Gated Sanctuary In Black Lgbtq+ Communities, Keith J. Watts, Shawndaya S. Thrasher, Nicole Campbell, Laneshia R. Conner, Julian K. Glover, Janet K. Otachi, Dekeitra Griffin

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

Identity-based communities that share common characteristics, beliefs, and experiences (e.g., Black LGBTQ+ communities) have historically been conceptualized as protective bubbles that buffer Black LGBTQ+ individuals against the deleterious effects of systemic racism and cisheterosexism. However, this monolithic narrative often masks the internal power dynamics that divide belonging. This study explores the exclusionary dynamics embedded within these safe spaces, examining how internal hierarchies of skin tone, socioeconomic status, and gender performance function as proximal stressors. Guided by a critical constructivist paradigm, this study utilized Reflexive Thematic Analysis to analyze open-ended survey responses from 74 Black LGBTQ+ adults. Data were drawn from …

Intersectionality Of Race And Disability: The School Counselors' Role In Policy Reformation, Jenna M. Alvarez, Rachel Saunders, Vanessa Sinclair, Stephanie Smith-Durkin, Emily Goodman-Scott

Counseling & Human Services Faculty Publications

The United States K-12 education system is riddled with inequities within the intersection of race and disabilities; relatedly, the school counseling literature also demonstrates a similar gap in the literature. As a result, through three case illustrations highlighting the unique experiences of historically marginalized students of color with disabilities, we illustrate the multiplex intersection of race and disability and how a school counselor can utilize leadership, advocacy, and social justice for systemic change. Further, the three cases are structured through the ADDRESSING framework, to systematically consider the complexities of identity, overlapping cultural influences, and the connections to practice (Hays, 2022). …

Silence For The Sake Of “Security”: Bop Regulations Stifle Incarcerated Journalism In Federal Prisons, Sydney Poppe

University of Colorado Law Review

No abstract provided.

Optimizing Kidney Allograft Years: Underutilization Of Pediatric Donors, Nicholas Herrera, Ana Cortez, Diane Cibrik, Bradley A. Warady

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background. 

The Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) score drives kidney allocation in the United States for both adult and pediatric donors, despite the calculation being primarily derived from adult donor data. A KDPI of ≤20% is considered to have the longest graft survival potential and is typically prioritized for recipients who have a low Estimated Posttransplant Survival (EPTS) score. Using KDPI to assess pediatric donor quality may underestimate graft survival and result in underutilization of these kidneys for recipients with a low EPTS score.

Methods. 

Using Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients data, we analyzed 5-y posttransplant death-censored graft survival of …

Genocide, Memory & Prevention: Ethical Inquiry And Critical Thinking Through Research & Ai, Linda Humes

Open Educational Resources

This assignment engages students in ethical inquiry and critical analysis by examining lesser-known or silenced genocides within a global and historical context. Using academic sources alongside responsible use of generative AI, students compare dominant and marginalized narratives, analyze recurring patterns and causes of genocide, and reflect on prevention strategies. The assignment emphasizes ethical AI use, historical memory, and the development of civic awareness, empathy, and critical thinking in the study of race, power, and inequality.

Analyzing Best Practices In Reintegration, Education, Restorative Justice, And Reentry, Sergio Grossi

Open Educational Resources

This collaborative assignment in SOC 301 (Penology) requires students to critically examine best practices in reintegration, prison education, rehabilitation, and restorative justice through comparative international case studies, such as APAC, Bastøy Prison, or the Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program. Working in groups, students analyze at least five peer-reviewed sources to assess both documented benefits (e.g., reduced recidivism, improved reintegration) and key challenges (e.g., scalability and sustainability). The scaffolded structure—proposal, draft, final paper, and presentation—strengthens research skills, critical thinking, and evidence-based academic communication.

Pharmacogenetic Hslco1b1*14-Guided Dosing Of Methotrexate In Transgenic Arthritic Mice Normalizes Exposure And Response., Felicia Gooden, Brennan D. Meier, Griffin D. Shaffer, Kim Gibson, Paul Toren, Nieko C. Punt, Sandhya Subash, Dilip K. Singh, Bhagwat Prasad, Laura Ramsey, Zachary L. Taylor

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that negatively affects ~100,000 children under the age of 16 in the United States. About ~30% of these patients fail first-line drug therapy with low-dose methotrexate (MTX) due to poor tolerability or lack of efficacy. The SLCO1B1*14 allele is associated with increased MTX clearance and has been linked to reduced overall drug exposure and nonresponse to MTX in JIA patients. Herein, we describe transgenic hSLCO1B1*14 and hSLCO1B1*1 DBA1/J mSlco1b2 knock-out mice, which we used to assess arthritic response to MTX using the collagen-induced arthritis model. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics analysis revealed that …

Constitutional Powers Midterm Exam, Jordan Reitzfeld

Open Educational Resources

Students apply constitutional principles and court decisions to contemporary questions about the powers of Congress, the president, and the judiciary. They defend positions on possible reforms and analyze property rights, copyright, and trademark issues.

Reimagining Justice: Transformative Justice Analysis In Adult Felony Cases, Marisa Tramontano

Open Educational Resources

In this sociology final project, students take the role of a sociologist working with a public defender and analyze the records and social history of a client facing sentencing for a felony. They write a report for a judge explaining how structural factors and sociological concepts illuminate the case, then recommend responses that include alternatives to incarceration. A reflective essay examines the limits of the available information, ethical considerations, and how the project shaped their understanding of justice.

(Re)Discovering The Streets Of Nyc: Honorary Signs, Sticker Street Art & Collective/Collaborative Investigations, Mark Mcbeth

Open Educational Resources

In a scaffolded series of assignments, students investigate NYC honorary street signs and sticker art through photography, research, individual essays, and a collaborative project.

Association Of N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide With Ckd Progression In The Ckd In Children Study., Alexander Kula, David K. Prince, Joseph T. Flynn, Susan L. Furth, Bradley A. Warady, Tamara Isakova, Derek Ng, Jeese Seegmiller, Rob Christenson, Nisha Bansal

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

No abstract provided.

Approximate Decryption In Homomorphic Division And Privacy Impact, Ameerah Alsulami, Marius Silaghi

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

The result of a computation over secret inputs inherently reveals some information about those inputs; such semantic leakage is unavoidable. The challenge is to ensure that the computation method does not introduce additional, avoidable disclosure beyond what is implied by the output itself. This issue is particularly critical in privacy-preserving machine learning and cloud-based data processing, where homomorphic encryption enables computation over encrypted data but often relies on practical approximations. Division-enabled homomorphic encryption schemes based on rational encodings preserve arithmetic correctness, but their decrypted outputs may retain sufficient algebraic structure to enable inference of the original operands, creating representation-induced leakage. …

A Systematic Review Of Artificial Intelligence For Software Requirements In Open-Source Software, Amal Alharbi, Khaled Slhoub

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

Software stakeholders have seamlessly integrated artificial intelligence technologies into the requirements engineering processes for open-source software, which presents both opportunities and challenges. This systematic literature review examines the current state of artificial intelligence application in requirements engineering for open-source software and emphasizes the opportunities and challenges faced by practitioners. Based on the reviewed literature, artificial intelligence technologies, such as machine learning, natural language processing, large language models, and deep learning techniques, have been increasingly applied to support key requirements engineering activities, particularly requirements elicitation, classification, prioritization, and stakeholder analysis. However, the lack of structured data in open-source software directly challenges …

Greater Body Dissatisfaction At Admission Is Associated With Lower Bmi At Discharge In Anorexia Nervosa: Predictive Validity Of The Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory., Danielle A N Chapa, Marianna L. Thomeczek, Brianne N. Richson, Alan Duffy, Kara A. Christensen Pacella, Kelsie T. Forbush, Renee D. Rienecke, Dan V. Blalock, Sara R. Gould, Victoria L. Perko, Philip S. Mehler

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

People with anorexia nervosa (AN) engage in dietary restriction and other weight loss behaviors that result in dangerously low body weight, leading to an increased risk for mortality and medical complications. Weight gain is one of the most important indicators of treatment progress and recovery for AN. There are limited predictors of weight gain for patients with AN, making it difficult for clinicians to anticipate which patients are likely to respond favorably to treatment. Thus, there is a need to identify additional, potentially modifiable predictors of weight gain within a higher level of care for AN. This study tested the …