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Imprisoned Without A Verdict: The Constitutional Crisis Of Pre-Trial Solitary Confinement, Symone R. Gibbs Jan 2026

Imprisoned Without A Verdict: The Constitutional Crisis Of Pre-Trial Solitary Confinement, Symone R. Gibbs

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

Kalief Browder’s name endures as a chilling reminder of the human cost of pre-trial solitary confinement. His story reveals the constitutional paradox and moral failure at the heart of this practice: Individuals who remain legally innocent are subjected to one of the harshest punishments the state can impose. This practice strips people of their liberty twice over, first through incarceration itself, and again through prolonged isolation that inflicts devastating psychological harm. Despite its severity, the use of solitary confinement against pre-trial detainees remains largely overlooked in legal scholarship and reform, even as it undermines the presumption of innocence, exacerbates systemic …

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The Broken Promise Of The Idea: How Delays And Disparities Undermine Special Education Rights, Silvia C. Montiel Morales Jan 2026

The Broken Promise Of The Idea: How Delays And Disparities Undermine Special Education Rights, Silvia C. Montiel Morales

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) was enacted to guarantee children with disabilities the right to a free appropriate public education. In practice, that promise is too often broken. Students, especially those from low-income families and communities of color, wait months or years for evaluations, attend underfunded schools that lack qualified staff, and face systemic barriers to enforcing their rights. Meanwhile, families with resources can sidestep delays through private testing, attorneys, and advocacy, leaving others behind. This Note examines how systemic delays, underfunding, and inequities in special education services undermine children’s rights under the statute. It argues that these …

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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Modulates Gut Microbiota And Lipid Metabolism To Reduce Diarrhea In Low-Birth-Weight Neonatal Calves, Zhanhe Zhang, Duo You, Donglin Wu, Xintong Li, Yang Jia, David L. Harmon, Ming Xu Jan 2026

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Modulates Gut Microbiota And Lipid Metabolism To Reduce Diarrhea In Low-Birth-Weight Neonatal Calves, Zhanhe Zhang, Duo You, Donglin Wu, Xintong Li, Yang Jia, David L. Harmon, Ming Xu

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which colonic fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) improves lipid metabolism in low-birth-weight neonatal calves via modulation of the gut microbial ecosystem. In a completely randomized design, seventy newborn Holstein calves (1 day old, 32.63 ± 3.13 kg BW) were assigned to two groups (35 calves/treatment; 30 females and 5 males per group). A healthy calf was used as a fecal donor. A 10% fecal bacterial suspension was prepared and administered colonically (50 mL, twice daily for 5 days). All calves were fed the same milk replacer and weaned using a step-down protocol at …

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Anne Baade '81-Drew Ketterer '71, Anne Baade, Drew Ketterer Jan 2026

Anne Baade '81-Drew Ketterer '71, Anne Baade, Drew Ketterer

Alumni Oral History Project

No abstract provided.

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Hidden In The Mist: Three New Species Of Salamanders Of The Genus Pseudoeurycea (Amphibia: Plethodontidae) From Oaxaca, Mexico, Eduardo A. Aguilar-Herrera, Salomón Sanabria-Urbán, Dulce L. Flores-Martínez, José David Gómez-Tapia, Misael Seba-Chacha, Leopoldo D. Vázquez-Reyes, Francisco A. Rivera-Ortíz, Patricia Ramírez-Bastida, Bruno Cortés-Ortiz, R. Alejandro Calzada-Arciniega, Etienne U. Avila-Ortega, Dónovan I. Víquez-Vega, Omar Hernández-Ordoñez, Christopher Blair, Víctor H. Jiménez-Arcos Jan 2026

Hidden In The Mist: Three New Species Of Salamanders Of The Genus Pseudoeurycea (Amphibia: Plethodontidae) From Oaxaca, Mexico, Eduardo A. Aguilar-Herrera, Salomón Sanabria-Urbán, Dulce L. Flores-Martínez, José David Gómez-Tapia, Misael Seba-Chacha, Leopoldo D. Vázquez-Reyes, Francisco A. Rivera-Ortíz, Patricia Ramírez-Bastida, Bruno Cortés-Ortiz, R. Alejandro Calzada-Arciniega, Etienne U. Avila-Ortega, Dónovan I. Víquez-Vega, Omar Hernández-Ordoñez, Christopher Blair, Víctor H. Jiménez-Arcos

Publications and Research

We describe three new species of lungless salamanders (Plethodontidae) in the genus Pseudoeurycea from Cerro Rabon, located on the eastern slopes of the Sierra Mazateca, Oaxaca, Mexico. This mid-elevation mountain, largely surrounded by warmer lowlands, remains relatively understudied. We present molecular and morphological evidence distinguishing the three new species from their congeners. According to our phylogenetic analysis, one of the new species belongs to the P. leprosa group, while the other two are members of the P. juarezi group. Notably, one of the new species represents the fourth worm salamander known from west of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and another …

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Previsit Ai: A Retrieval-Augmented Generation For Patient Readiness In Clinical Encounters, Rolande Umuhoza Jan 2026

Previsit Ai: A Retrieval-Augmented Generation For Patient Readiness In Clinical Encounters, Rolande Umuhoza

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

With healthcare systems under growing pressure from rising patient volumes and shrinking consultation windows, improving how patients communicate with physicians has become essential to delivering quality care. Yet patients routinely arrive at appointments unable to clearly describe their symptoms, recall their medical history, or articulate concerns, contributing to miscommunication, diagnostic inefficiency, and pre-visit anxiety. This study introduces PreVisit AI, a conversational system designed to address this gap through structured, knowledge-based patient preparation. The system is built on a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architecture combining HuggingFace sentence embeddings (all-MiniLM-L6-v2), a Chroma vector store, and Google’s Gemini language model over a curated seven-document …

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Dordt Ed Students Far Exceed Iowa Average, Sarah Moss Jan 2026

Dordt Ed Students Far Exceed Iowa Average, Sarah Moss

The Voice

No abstract provided.

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A Record Built Around Others, Sarah Moss Jan 2026

A Record Built Around Others, Sarah Moss

The Voice

No abstract provided.

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From Sioux Center To Nyc, Jennifer Vermeer Jan 2026

From Sioux Center To Nyc, Jennifer Vermeer

The Voice

No abstract provided.

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What Dordt Taught Me, Sarah Moss, Malachi Myers Jan 2026

What Dordt Taught Me, Sarah Moss, Malachi Myers

The Voice

No abstract provided.

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The Many Dordt Ties To Deep Reading, Andrea Dieleman Jan 2026

The Many Dordt Ties To Deep Reading, Andrea Dieleman

The Voice

No abstract provided.

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"For What Do You Hunger?": Metaphors Of Consumption And The Gothic Female Experience, Olivia G. Wychock Jan 2026

"For What Do You Hunger?": Metaphors Of Consumption And The Gothic Female Experience, Olivia G. Wychock

Master’s Theses

“For what do you hunger?”: Metaphors of Consumption and the Gothic Female Experience offers a feminist-forward analysis on the female experience in Gothic literature, specifically through the lens of metaphors of consumption. This thesis examines how, from the Gothic’s inception, women have been the victims of sexual violence and misconduct, rendering them disposable by patriarchal agents. As the Gothic begins to change over the course of the nineteenth century, female protagonists gain agency and move from being completely victimized to playing the villain and, eventually in post-nineteenth-century Gothic, becoming the victor. That is to say that the Gothic both reinforces …

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Parents’ Differential Perception Of Siblings’ Risky Play, Emma Smith Jan 2026

Parents’ Differential Perception Of Siblings’ Risky Play, Emma Smith

Master’s Theses

Parents differentiate their perceptions of risk between first- and second-born children. This study used a mixed methods approach for a novel comparison of parents’ views of risk between their first- and second-born children. Parents in the United States (n = 175, 111 mothers and 63 fathers, M age = 36), all with two biological children (excluding twins) between the ages of 3-10 (first-born M age =7; second-born M age = 5) answered self-report survey measures, including the Tolerance of Risk in Play Scale (TRiPS) and subsections of the Parent Supervision Attributes Profile Questionnaire (PSAPQ), in which they expressed their tolerance …

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Vision-Language System Using Open-Source Llms For Consent And Instruction Gestures In Medical Interpreter Robots, Tung Ngo, Emma Murphy, Robert Ross Jan 2026

Vision-Language System Using Open-Source Llms For Consent And Instruction Gestures In Medical Interpreter Robots, Tung Ngo, Emma Murphy, Robert Ross

Conference papers

Effective communication is vital in healthcare, especially across language barriers, where non-verbal cues and gestures are critical. This paper presents a privacy-preserving vision-language framework for medical interpreter robots that detects specific speech acts (consent and instruction) and generates corresponding robotic gestures. Built on locally deployed open-source models, the system utilizes a Large Language Model (LLM) with few-shot prompting for intent detection. We also introduce a novel dataset of clinical conversations annotated for speech acts and paired with gesture clips. Our identification module achieved 0.90 accuracy, 0.93 weighted precision, and a 0.91 weighted F1-Score. Our approach significantly improves computational efficiency and, …

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Annum Arcanum (2026) Jan 2026

Annum Arcanum (2026)

Annum Arcanum, 2024-

Annum Arcanum is "an atelier and annual anthology archiving arcane works." The organization of the same name was founded at VCU in the fall of 2023, and published its first collection in the spring of 2024. From the Letter from our Founder in vol. 0: "First, we seek to create spaces specifically catered to the showcasing of works that are experimental, niche, or otherwise outside of the mainstream in other words, the arcane...Beyond that, we strive to be a resource for students to develop their skills as artists."

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Carolyn Buxton '71-Mardy Walker '66, Carolyn Buxton, Mardon Walker Jan 2026

Carolyn Buxton '71-Mardy Walker '66, Carolyn Buxton, Mardon Walker

Alumni Oral History Project

No abstract provided.

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Patient-To-Nurse Ratios In Immigration Detention Centers: Effects On Patient Mortality, Zoe Adler, Elinor Bowen-Keyes, Azalea Groleau, Natalie Salsman, Julie Smith Jan 2026

Patient-To-Nurse Ratios In Immigration Detention Centers: Effects On Patient Mortality, Zoe Adler, Elinor Bowen-Keyes, Azalea Groleau, Natalie Salsman, Julie Smith

Bachelor of Science in Nursing Senior Synthesis

No abstract provided.

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Climate-Related Environmental Exposures And Adverse Birth Outcomes: An Epidemiological Study In Maryland, Michelle D. Jones Jan 2026

Climate-Related Environmental Exposures And Adverse Birth Outcomes: An Epidemiological Study In Maryland, Michelle D. Jones

Integrative Learning Experience (ILE) Theses

This study examined the relationship between environmental exposures, specifically heat and air quality, and adverse birth outcomes across Maryland. Using an ecological, correlational study design, the analysis found that while higher temperatures and cooling degree days were initially associated with increased rates of low birth weight (LBW) and infant mortality (IM), these relationships did not remain significant after adjusting for sociodemographic factors. Instead, poverty emerged as the strongest and most consistent predictor of both LBW and IM, with rural residence also linked to higher LBW rates and urban residence appearing protective against IM. The findings suggest that social determinants of …

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Addressing Barriers Towards Preventative Osteoporosis Care Among Women, Mallory Kingsley Jan 2026

Addressing Barriers Towards Preventative Osteoporosis Care Among Women, Mallory Kingsley

Integrative Learning Experience (ILE) Theses

This paper is a review of Osteoporosis, the impact that it has on women, and determining if there is a need for preventative care to reduce the burden of disease on patients. Data from NHANES 2017-2018 was reviewed and statistical analyses were conducted. The variables of interest were gender of the participant, with possible barriers to care of the highest level of education, and ethnicity of the participant. These were the chosen variables as current literature has been unable to determine if there is a role between Osteoporosis/ fragility fractures and race/ethnicity or education levels. One limitation of this analysis …

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Brief #1: Collaborative Aggregation & Marketing Of Local Farm Food: A Qualitative Analysis Of Farmers' Collaboration Strategies, Evan England, Rachel Filippone, Hannah Stokes-Ramos, Cindy (Luyue) Zheng, Olivia Burton, Analena Bruce Jan 2026

Brief #1: Collaborative Aggregation & Marketing Of Local Farm Food: A Qualitative Analysis Of Farmers' Collaboration Strategies, Evan England, Rachel Filippone, Hannah Stokes-Ramos, Cindy (Luyue) Zheng, Olivia Burton, Analena Bruce

Food Practice Research

This report presents research findings from a comparative case study of four Collaborative Aggregation and Marketing Models: Local Harvest, a cooperative non-profit, farmer-owned, and certified organic CSA, Three River Farmers Alliance, an online food hub and regional distributor, Vernon Family Farm Store, an on-farm, year-round store that aggregates from local farms, and Fresh Start Farms, a food hub, farmers’ market, and CSA operated by the nonprofit Organization for Refugee and Immigrant Success.

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Bibliography On Indigenous Rights In Canada, 1995-2025, Leslie Haddock, Kent Mcneil Jan 2026

Bibliography On Indigenous Rights In Canada, 1995-2025, Leslie Haddock, Kent Mcneil

All Papers

No abstract provided.

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Enhancing Hospital Length Of Stay Using Ai Agent Modular Capabilities, Dami Fred Jan 2026

Enhancing Hospital Length Of Stay Using Ai Agent Modular Capabilities, Dami Fred

Theses and Dissertations

Hospital Length of Stay (LOS) analysis is essential for managing hospital efficiency and financial performance, yet the analytical depth required remains inaccessible to many organizations due to technical and resource constraints. This thesis introduces the AI Agent Modular Capabilities (AIAM) framework, which decomposes LOS analysis into discrete, codifiable capabilities integrated into a single skill activatable with one prompt. Seven AI Agent Modular Capabilities were developed using a Work Breakdown Structure and tested against a simulated hospital scenario across three successive skill versions. Results demonstrate that the packaged AIAM skill produces comprehensive, consistent, multi-section LOS analyses from a single interaction, outperforming …

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The Role Of Body Composition In Predicting Fitness Performance Of Law Enforcement Officers, Taylor J. Parmentier Jan 2026

The Role Of Body Composition In Predicting Fitness Performance Of Law Enforcement Officers, Taylor J. Parmentier

Theses and Dissertations

Law enforcement officers (LEOs) perform physically demanding tasks such as foot pursuits, lifting, carrying, dragging, and physical restraint. Effectively performing these duties requires significant muscular strength, endurance, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Lower fitness levels pose risks for reduced health, performance, slower recovery, increased fatigue, and potentially affecting decision-making under strenuous conditions. The purpose of this study was to identify the strongest predictor of physical fitness performance among active-duty LEOs. Body composition analysis and a comprehensive fitness evaluation of twenty-nine male LEOs (age: 36.2 ± 9.3 years, body mass (BM): 95 ± 13.7 kg, height: 1.8 ± 0.1 m) was completed. The …

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Type Ii Diabetes Treatment Comparison Via Compartment Modeling, Abigail M. Collins Jan 2026

Type Ii Diabetes Treatment Comparison Via Compartment Modeling, Abigail M. Collins

Theses and Dissertations

Type II diabetes mellitus affects one in ten adults worldwide, yet the effects of treatment type and adherence level on developing complications and quality of life have not been well characterized at the population level, and mathematical modeling offers a structured way to examine these dynamics. This thesis adapts the Boutayeb et al. (2004) model to incorporate dynamic treatment types and levels of adherence, producing nine scenarios in which complication development rate and complication recovery rate differed, to compare peak complications and quality of life across treatment and adherence conditions. Using a system of ordinary differential equations and compartment modeling, …

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Examining Explicit Professional Development As A Means To Change Inclusive Mindsets, Mitchell E. Elatkin Jan 2026

Examining Explicit Professional Development As A Means To Change Inclusive Mindsets, Mitchell E. Elatkin

Theses and Dissertations

Inclusive education requires educators to hold beliefs that support the participation and success of students with disabilities in general education settings. Although federal policy mandates access to the least restrictive environment, educator attitudes toward inclusion continue to influence the implementation of inclusive practices. The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to examine whether explicit professional development (PD) focused on inclusive mindsets influenced school stakeholders’ attitudes toward inclusion across a school year. Participants included representatives from various roles within a charter school organization in the Midwest. The researcher collected data through two administrations of the Adapted Teacher Attitudes Toward Inclusion Survey …

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Social Media, Masculine Body Ideals, And The Drive For Muscularity: A Serial Mediation Model Across Sexual Identities, Sean P. Mcdaniel Jan 2026

Social Media, Masculine Body Ideals, And The Drive For Muscularity: A Serial Mediation Model Across Sexual Identities, Sean P. Mcdaniel

Theses and Dissertations

Body image concerns among men are increasingly prevalent yet remain understudied compared to women’s experiences. Drawing on objectification theory, the present study examines the relationship between social media influence and men’s drive for muscularity through a serial mediation model. Specifically, the present study investigates whether the internalization of masculine body ideals and engagement in body surveillance behaviors mediate the link between social media influence and the drive for muscularity. Furthermore, the present study model attempts to explore how these processes differ across sexual identities, given evidence that sexual minority men face distinct sociocultural pressures regarding appearance. Adult male-identifying social media …

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The Acculturation Of International-Born Student Affairs Administrators In The United States, Amber Joy Webb Jan 2026

The Acculturation Of International-Born Student Affairs Administrators In The United States, Amber Joy Webb

Theses and Dissertations

This qualitative narrative study explored how international student affairs administrators in the United States experience acculturation. Guided by Berry’s (1997) fourfold model of acculturation, the study examined how participants experienced assimilation, integration, separation, and marginalization as they navigated their professional roles, institutional expectations, and cultural identities. Eight participants, representing diverse countries of origin, institutional types, and professional roles, were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's (2006) framework. Findings indicated participants employed multiple, context-dependent acculturation strategies rather than adhering to a single strategy. Assimilation emerged as a strategic process for establishing professional legitimacy, navigating …

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Minnesota School Psychologists Survey: Job Satisfaction And Professional Practice, Mary Jane Gunderson Jan 2026

Minnesota School Psychologists Survey: Job Satisfaction And Professional Practice, Mary Jane Gunderson

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Historically, school psychologists’ roles emphasized eligibility determination through assessment, resulting in practitioners spending a substantial proportion of their time in assessment-related activities. However, this contradicts National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) recommendations promoting prevention-related actives such as intervention and consultation. Prior research further found that school psychologists prefer more diverse professional practices, with a variety in professional practices leading to increased job satisfaction. Furthermore, discrepancies between actual and preferred roles are associated with lower job satisfaction. Although national research has examined professional practices and job satisfaction, limited attention has been given to these relationships at the state level. The purpose …

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A Comparison Of Two Flashcard Interventions In Improving Sight Word Acquisition Among Elementary-Aged Emerging Bilingual Students, Lyudmila Yeliseyeva Jan 2026

A Comparison Of Two Flashcard Interventions In Improving Sight Word Acquisition Among Elementary-Aged Emerging Bilingual Students, Lyudmila Yeliseyeva

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This study employed a reversal single-case design to compare the effectiveness of two flashcard interventions—Incremental Rehearsal (IR) and Strategic Incremental Rehearsal (SIR)—in promoting sight word acquisition, retention, generalization, and efficiency among four elementary-aged emerging bilingual students. The study also examined social validity and intervention fidelity. Results indicated that both interventions were effective in improving acquisition, retention, and generalization of sight words. SIR demonstrated greater efficiency in facilitating sight word recognition. Additionally, both students and the interventionist reported high levels of social validity for the interventions. Limitations of the study included a small, homogeneous sample, lack of long-term maintenance data, reliance …

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Mexico’S Judicial Elections And The Politics Of Reform, Amanda Driscoll, Michael J. Nelson, Julio Ríos-Figueroa Jan 2026

Mexico’S Judicial Elections And The Politics Of Reform, Amanda Driscoll, Michael J. Nelson, Julio Ríos-Figueroa

Judicature International

No abstract provided.

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