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Food Safety In The Us: Regulation, Liability, And Tracing, Marziyeh Bahalou Horeh

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation addresses three issues related to food safety. First, it examines the economic efficiency of irrigation water quality guidelines of Food Safety Modernization Act. Second, it estimates the value of traceability in the U.S. lettuce supply chain. Third, it uses state-level data and panel regression models to examine the relationship between product liability laws and reported foodborne illnesses in the U.S.

The second chapter develops a theoretical framework and a corresponding empirical analysis to analyze the Food and Drug Administration's irrigation water quality regulatory standard pursuant to the Food Safety Modernization Act. We develop a stochastic, price endogenous partial …

Chinese Neoglobalization In East Africa: Logics, Couplings And Impacts, Pádraig R. Carmody, James T. Murphy

Geography

The most significant case of transnational state capitalism today is China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) which seeks to expand/extend the country's geoeconomic and geopolitical integrations globally. We conceptualise the BRI as manifest principally through industrial offshoring, infrastructure investments and exports from China. These vectors articulate with particular places, forming transnational couplings that shape development outcomes. We examine the BRI's couplings and their development implications in the East African countries of Djibouti, Ethiopia and Kenya where China has engaged significantly. We demonstrate the contingent manner of BRI's variegations; its pragmatism, flexibility, and limitations as a hegemonic or developmental project.

A Pantropical Assessment Of Deforestation Caused By Industrial Mining, Stefan Giljum, Victor Maus, Nikolas Kuschnig, Sebastian Luckeneder, Michael Tost, Laura J. Sonter, Anthony J. Bebbington

Geography

Growing demand for minerals continues to drive deforestation worldwide. Tropical forests are particularly vulnerable to the environmental impacts of mining and mineral processing. Many local- to regional-scale studies document extensive, long-lasting impacts of mining on biodiversity and ecosystem services. However, the full scope of deforestation induced by industrial mining across the tropics is yet unknown. Here, we present a biome-wide assessment to show where industrial mine expansion has caused the most deforestation from 2000 to 2019. We find that 3,264 km2 of forest was directly lost due to industrial mining, with 80% occurring in only four countries: Indonesia, Brazil, Ghana, …

Stil-Life, Yi Xiong

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This written thesis is the supporting documentation for Still-Life, my Master of Fine Arts thesis exhibition. I use handmade ceramic still-life objects to depict my specific memories and experiences about my life before and after the pandemic. Death, hope, time, and emotion are the themes explored in this exhibition.

This installation of ceramic sculptures not only recreates a historical moment in the pandemic but also captures the current times that we live in. It records the artist's life and time during the COVID-19 pandemic. The selection of still-life objects for the exhibition often has special significance on a personal, cultural, …

Borderlands And Mestiza Consciousness In Appalachia: Latina Undergraduate Experiences In A Predominantly White Institution, Susana Mazuelas Quirce

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This qualitative phenomenological study explores the experiences of eight undergraduate Latinas in a Predominantly White Institution in the Appalachian region using Gloria Anzaldúa’s insights on Borderlands and Mestiza consciousness. A vast majority of the studies focused on the Latinx college student population that takes place in states and tertiary institutions with a dense concentration of Latinx population, leaving rural areas—especially the Appalachian region— unexplored. There is, as well, a scarcity of studies in research focused on four-year-degree-granting institutions in which Latinx are highly underrepresented. A substantial number of studies continue presenting Latinx students as a homogenous group despite their heterogeneity …

Screening For Caregiver Role Strain Among Primary Care Providers, Harlie Chandler, Katherine Jones, Jade Sullivan, Kayla Thomas, Monica Williams

MSN Research Projects

Following a diagnosis of terminal illness, more people are electing to remain home for care. The role of the caregiver falls to other family members or paid assistance from outside the home, which can become expensive. As the disease progresses and functional and mental deficits develop, the physical and emotional stressors of providing care can, over time, manifest in changes to the overall health of the caregiver. Even with paid assistance, the financial burden can worsen these stressors further. Early identification of caregiver role strain could allow providers to aid in linking available and appropriate resources that may be of …

Vaping Prevalence Among College Students And Their Knowledge Of The Associated Risk Of Vaping, Alicia P. Harris, Sarah V. Allman, Laura L. Guidry, Leah H. Nabors

MSN Research Projects

E-cigarettes are electronic devices that heat a liquid and produce a vapor that can be inhaled. Vaping is a term used in association with use of e-cigarettes. Vaping has become widespread among the young adult population. In 2018, the Food and Drug Administration and Surgeon General declared vaping an epidemic. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention predicts at the current rate of use among United States adolescents, 5.6 million under the age of 18 will face early death due to vaping. The purpose of this study was to determine vaping prevalence and vaping knowledge among college students. The study …

Towards Cloud-Based Cost-Effective Serverless Information System, Isaac C. Angle

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

E-commerce information systems are becoming increasingly popular for businesses to adopt. In this work, we propose a serverless information system that will reduce costs for small businesses trying to create an e-commerce website. The proposed serverless system is built entirely in Amazon Web Services (AWS). The proposed serverless system allows businesses to pay for the use of cloud resources on a per-order granularity. This model reduces the cost of the information system when compared to a traditional cloud-based system. As e-commerce websites become more vital for small businesses, a cost effective serverless approach is promising.

"Native Speakers Do Not Understand Me": A Phenomenological Study Of Student Experiences From Developing Asian Countries At An American University, Wolayat Tabasum Niroo, Mitchell R. Williams

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications

International students from developing Asian countries where English is the second and foreign language are marginalized in some American Universities due to language barriers. Native English speakers often assume that whoever comes to the United States should be able to speak and write English perfectly. In developing Asian countries, such as South Asia, however, the English language belongs to the families of the Middle and Upper classes. They can get admission in English spoken countries’ higher education institutions. However, when those students come to English-speaking countries, they feel othered, left alone, and disappointed. This study utilizes a phenomenological research method …

Book Review: Higher Education In The Era Of Migration, Displacement, And Internationalization, Bhavika Sicka

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications

Higher Education in the Era of Migration, Displacement and Internationalization by Khalid Arar, Yasar Kondakci, Bernhard Streitwieser, and Anna Saiti provides a multifaceted exploration of the dilemmas involved in higher education policymaking and administration in keeping with the accelerated pace, scale, and diversity of transnational migration. Assuming that higher education empowers displaced persons to better themselves and their host communities, Arar et al. consider specific dynamics that shape the educational trajectories and choices available to these populations. The co-authors list activities and initiatives employed in various world states to create higher education pathways for displaced persons, highlighting different variables that …

The Evolving Identities Of Hsi And Differentiated Funding, Amanda K. Burbage, Chris Glass

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications

To achieve Higher Education Act Title V funding goals, policymakers must reconsider approaches, respond to Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) diversity, and prioritize servingness. This study investigated HSI heterogeneity across traditional performance metrics and student-engagement indicators using data sources previously only examined independently. A multi-step TwoStep cluster analysis revealed six clusters of HSIs. The two most important predictors of cluster membership were years with an HSI designation (transitioning and established) and institution type (associate, bachelor, and special focus). Key quantitative metrics may be useful for policy actors seeking an equity-minded Title V award strategy that considers HSI heterogeneity and prioritizes HEA Title …

Pandemic Repercussions: The Future Of International Education At Us Community Colleges, Heidi Fischer, Melissa Whatley

Educational Leadership & Workforce Development Faculty Publications

The disruptions of the COVID-19 pandemic have both short- and long-term repercussions on higher education. To crystallize these impacts in a sector that was particularly vulnerable to the economic effects of the pandemic, this mixed methods study explores the intersection of international education and community college responses to the pandemic. Findings indicated that due to the pandemic, community college international education programs faced a reallocation of institutional resources, both financial and otherwise, which shapes the educational opportunities available to students and informs the institutional habitus of the US community college. This study’s findings have implications in the areas of international …

All The Princesses' Men: Working For The British Columbia Coast Steamship Service 1901-1928, Neil H. Christenson

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

No abstract provided.

Social Media Influencers In Crisis: Providing Counsel On Instagram, Pang, A., Debbie Lee, Gindelin Low, Valerie Hum

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Increasingly, organizations are harnessing social media influencers (SMIs) as third-party advocates or key opinion leaders (KOLs). Consumers view them as knowledgeable sources of information (Tuten & Solomon, 2017). In the United States, the Kardashians are used by a number of organizations to promote their products. Yang (2019) noted that while Western influencers are mostly video bloggers on Instagram or YouTube, Chinese KOLs have multiple channels, including social media platforms WeChat and Weibo, social networking sites Douban or TikTok. Figures from 2016 point to it as a US$8.6 billion industry in China (Yang, 2019).

Smart Heuristics For Individuals, Teams, And Organizations, Gerd Gigerenzer, Jochen Reb, Shenghua Luan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Heuristics are fast, frugal, and accurate strategies that enable rather than limit decision making under uncertainty. Uncertainty, as opposed to calculable risk, is characteristic of most organizational contexts. We review existing research and offer a descriptive and prescriptive theoretical framework to integrate the current patchwork of heuristics scattered across various areas of organizational studies. Research on the adaptive toolbox is descriptive, identifying the repertoire of heuristics on which individuals, teams, and organizations rely. Research on ecological rationality is prescriptive, specifying the conditions under which a given heuristic performs well, that is, when it is smart. Our review finds a relatively …

Value And Purpose Of Management Education: Looking Back And Thinking Forward In Global Focus, Eric Cornuel, Howard Thomas, Matthew Wood

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Without a doubt, business schools have been a success story in higher education over the last 50 years (the period of EFMD’s existence). Even so, they have come under scrutiny, and attack, over their academic legitimacy and value proposition for business and society. In this book, drawn from a special issue of Global Focus, the EFMD has selected around 25 of the best, most thoughtful short papers published in Global Focus to examine the role and purpose of EFMD in the evolution of management education. Each of the chapters interpret current strategic debates about the evolution of business schools and …

Support For Increasing Low-Wage Workers’ Compensation: The Role Of Fixed-Growth Mindsets About Intelligence, Shilpa Madan, Anyi Ma, Neeraj Pandey, Aneeta Rattan, Krishna Savani

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Approximately 44% of U.S. workers are low-wage workers. Recent years have witnessed a raging debate about whether to raise their minimum wages. Why do some decision-makers support raising wages and others do not? Ten studies (four preregistered) examined people’s beliefs about the malleability of intelligence as a key antecedent. The more U.S. human resource managers (Study 1) and Indian business owners (Study 2) believed that people’s intelligence can grow (i.e., had a growth mindset), the more they supported increasing low-wage workers’ compensation. In key U.S. swing states (Study 3a), and a nationally representative sample (Study 3b), residents with a more …

Jue Insight: Migration, Transportation Infrastructure, And The Spatial Transmission Of Covid-19 In China, Bingjing Li, Lin Ma

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper evaluates the impacts of migration flows and transportation infrastructure on the spatial transmission of COVID-19 in China. Prefectures with larger bilateral migration flows and shorter travel distances with Hubei, the epicenter of the outbreak, experienced a wider spread of COVID-19. In addition, richer prefectures with higher incomes were better able to contain the virus at the early stages of community transmission. Using a spatial general equilibrium model, we show that around 28% of the infections outside Hubei province can be explained by the rapid development in transportation infrastructure and the liberalization of migration restrictions in the recent decade.

Rethinking The Role Of Employment Barriers In Active Labor Market Policy: Evidence From A Fixed Effects Analysis, Jian Qi Tan, Irene Y. H. Ng, Kong Weng Ho

Research Collection School Of Economics

Using a panel dataset from a five-wave survey of participants in Singapore’s Work Support Programme (WSP) from 2010 to 2016, we quantify the cumulative negative impact of facing multiple employment barriers and demonstrate the association between the individual stressors and labor market indicators. Using a fixed effects model to reduce the confounding effects of unobservables, we find that a one standard deviation increase in the number of employment barriers brings about a 2.7 to 3.5 percentage point increase in the probability of being unemployed and a 58 SGD to 78 SGD decrease in individual earnings.

Does A District Mandate Matter For The Behavior Of Politicians? An Analysis Of Roll-Call Votes And Parliamentary Speeches, Andreas Born, Aljoscha Janssen

Research Collection School Of Economics

In most democracies, members of parliament (MPs) are elected either through a party list or by a district. We use a discontinuity in the German electoral system to investigate the causal effect of a district election on an MP’s conformity with the party line. A district election does not affect roll-call voting behavior causally, possibly due to overall high adherence to party-line voting. Analyzing the parliamentary speeches of each MP allows us to overcome the high party-line discipline with regard to parliamentary voting. Using textual analysis and machine learning techniques, we create two measures of closeness of an MP’s speeches …

Wages For Climate Stewardship?, Sayd Randle

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

IN 1996, environmental historian Richard White published an essay with a title borrowed from a pissed-off bumper sticker: “Are You an Environmentalist or Do You Work for a Living?” White used the frictions between loggers and spotted owl advocates in the Pacific Northwest to show readers exactly how US-based environmentalism had come to be seen as orthogonal to productive labor. “Work,” he asserted, is in fact “where we should begin” when we talk about environmentalism. Set aside idealized images of natural spaces as best suited for leisure, he counseled. It’s only “[i]n taking responsibility for our own lives and work, …

2022 State Of Nonprofits And Philanthropy Annual Report, Laura Deitrick, Tessa Tinkler, Jon Durnford, Thomas Abruzzo, Connelly Meschen, Emily Young

State of Nonprofits and Philanthropy in San Diego

The 2022 State of Nonprofits and Philanthropy Annual Report presents findings from ten years of quarterly public opinion polling (San Diego Residents Survey) and nearly 250 survey responses from local nonprofit leaders (Nonprofit Leaders Survey) combined with the latest nonprofit data from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and the California Employment Development Department (EDD). Taken together, these data provide a holistic snapshot of San Diego’s nonprofit sector in 2022, summarizing its social and economic contributions to our region, highlighting potential opportunities for greater impact, and drawing our attention to trends which could threaten the nonprofit sector in the future. This …

Impact Of Ceo Overconfidence On Corporate Financing Decision With Mediating Role Of Risk Perception, Amina Batool, Tahira Awan, Sumayya Chughtai

Business Review

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of managerial (Chief Executive Officer) overconfidence on corporate financing decision with the mediating role of risk perception. This study indicates that psychological factors and biases affect the decision making of human beings including top management. The research design of this research work is causal and primary data has been used to test the results of this study. Among all the companies listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange, researchers have selected top executives of 200 companies as a sample. E-Questionnaire has been used to collect the required data through LinkedIn and other …

Linking Online Business Education And Academic Excellence: Outbreak Of Covid-19 Pandemic, Muhammad Rafiq, Shumaila Naz, Saif Maqbool

Business Review

The outburst of COVID-19 epidemic has enforced the higher education sector to revamp customary mode of teaching and assessing students learning. This study is a portrayal of online education and intended to critically examine how online education during COVID-19 fostered a combination of favorable and unfavorable outcomes which might disrupt and redesign academic routine process. Data were collected from professors, associate professors and rectors affiliated with higher education system through focused group discussions and semi-structured interviews. The interpretivism paradigm analysis was performed to examine the data using qualitative methodology. This study delivers a comprehensive review of enduring online education mode …

Role Of Organizational Capital At Different Phases Of Business’S Life Cycle: A Study Of Psx Companies, Zahid Bashir, Ghulam Ali Bhatti, Sobia Arshad

Business Review

The goal of this study was to examine the association between Business Life Cycle phases and organizational capital using PSX index companies. Mainly, the study investigates the relationship of organizational capital phases during different phases of the life cycle and comparison with high and low organizational capital. To fulfill this objective data has been collected of 56 companies of PSX index companies with yearly observations ranging from 2011-2020. For estimation, a multinomial logistic model was used due to categories of the dependent variable. The results indicate that organizational capital is positively significant at the maturity phase but negatively significant at …

Internal Corporate Governance And Bank Risk Taking Behavior: Evidence From Developed And Emerging Economies, Ghulam Subhani, Shumaila Zeb

Business Review

The study aims to evaluate the impact of board structure and ownership structure on bank risk taking behavior in developed and emerging countries. To fulfill this objective, the study used annual data of 100 large commercial banks for the period 2006-2017 from twelve countries. Zscore is used as the main proxy of bank risk taking behavior. Internal corporate governance is measured by board size, board independence, CEO power, gender diversity, state ownership and foreign ownership. The study controls the issues of endogeneity by applying a two-step generalized method of moments (GMM) econometric approach. The main findings of the study indicate …

Gold Vs. Psx Sectors During Political Uncertainties: An Event Study Analysis, Hafsa Rasheed, Habib Ahmad, Attiya Yasmin Javid

Business Review

Amplified uncertainties in economic, financial, and political environments across nations have created a dire need to search for safe investment options that could mitigate the losses faced by investors due to such uncertainties. So researchers and investment managers have started investigating alternative investment options like real assets, to cope with such risks. Pakistani investors require such investigations more critically because Pakistan is among one of the most politically unstable economies. Previous researches have widely reported gold to be a hedge and safe haven during various economic downturns, therefore, the current study investigates whether gold could also diversify the risk of …

Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Job Performance With Moderating Role Of Age: A Study Of Police Stations In Lahore, Shahzad Hassan, Ahmad Raza, Hasnat Ahmad

Business Review

Police stations in Pakistan are considered ill-prepared and underequipped to deal with the country’s complex and urbanized security challenges. This study aims to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and job performance in the Lahore police department. This research is conducted by using two standard tools measuring the variables under study. Data were collected from the operation wing policemen stationed at the 6 police divisions of Lahore using a multistage sampling method. Final sample comprised of 321 male police officers from different cadres at the PS level. It was hypothesized that Self efficacy is positively correlated with the job performance. The …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Stock Market And Exchange Rate Uncertainty In Pakistan, Ateeb Akhter Shah Syed, Kaneez Fatima, Mannan Zaheer

Business Review

This paper examines the impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) on exchange rate (EXU) and stock market uncertainty (SMU) in Pakistan while controlling for the effects of interest rate and policy interventions by the Government and the Central bank to combat the pandemic. We employ the vector autoregressive (VAR) model over a sample period ranging from February 25, 2020 to May 6, 2021. We find that a shock to total daily coronavirus cases in Pakistan has a positive and significant impact on both the EXU and SMU. However, this impact is short-lived which may be attributed to a timely policy response and …

Impact Of Covid-19 On Sectoral Stock Prices: An Event Study Based On Us Stock Market, Nasir Nadeem, Ghulam Mujtaba Kayani, Imran Abbas Jadoon

Business Review

The impact of COVID-19 on stock prices of different United States economic sectors is examined using event study methodology. Results revealed that the first confirmed case in US on January 21, 2020 was underestimated by investors and did not disturb stock prices significantly. However, the first local transmission case on February 26, 2020 hit the stock market in the post event window. Due to this event, the stock prices of industries in energy, financials, industrials, real estate and utilities sectors declined but observed price increases in health care, information technology and telecom services industries. First “stay at home” order issued …