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Study Of Physical Properties Of Biocomposite Based On The Polymer Blends Used For Denture Base Applications, Wassan Hussain, Jawad Oleiwi, Qahtan Hamad Mar 2026

Study Of Physical Properties Of Biocomposite Based On The Polymer Blends Used For Denture Base Applications, Wassan Hussain, Jawad Oleiwi, Qahtan Hamad

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this study, two different types of polymers—Polyamide (PA) type (6) and Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) type (K30), each added separately with a different weight fraction (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%) to Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) heat-cured resin as blend matrix—have been blended with heat-cured PMMA resin to develop the PMMA resin properties used for prosthesis complete denture. Sisal and coconut powder, two natural powders, were added separately to the polymer blend matrices with varying weight fractions (2%, 4%, 6%) to create composite specimens. Testing for density, water absorption, thermal conductivity, FTIR, and DSC were included in this study. The results show that adding reinforcing …

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Experimental And Theoretical Analysis To Produce Pentagonal Cup In Deep Drawing Process, Zainab Mohsen, Waleed Jawad, Assel Abed Mar 2026

Experimental And Theoretical Analysis To Produce Pentagonal Cup In Deep Drawing Process, Zainab Mohsen, Waleed Jawad, Assel Abed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The manufacturing industry heavily relies on deep drawing due to its remarkable ability to produce intricate symmetrical and asymmetrical shapes with accuracy and efficiency. This research aimed to create a deep drawing tool capable of producing a pentagonal cup measuring 41mm in diameter and 30mm in height. This was achieved by conducting numerical simulations and experimental tests using two different methods. The first method involved converting an 80mm diameter circular blank into a pentagonal cup through a drawing operation, while the second method involved redrawing a cylindrical cup into a pentagonal shape. The study also analyzed the impact of these …

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The Influence Of The Inclusion Of Nano Ceramic Particles On The Pmma Composite Properties For Biomaterials Applications, Aya Shahir, Aseel Al.Zubaidi, Wafaa Salih Mar 2026

The Influence Of The Inclusion Of Nano Ceramic Particles On The Pmma Composite Properties For Biomaterials Applications, Aya Shahir, Aseel Al.Zubaidi, Wafaa Salih

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study examines the effects of reinforcing PMMA acrylic resin with different Nanoparticle types: Silica (SiO2) (67.8nm), Titania (TiO2) (57.3nm), and Talc powders (TP) (80.1nm). This was done by using the ultrasonic mixing method for dispersing the nano-powder in the matrix and using them at three different proportions (0. 5, 1, and 1.5%) to improve the properties of PMMA composite materials for medical applications. The characteristic functional groups associated with Nano-ceramic particles and PMMA in the composite specimens were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. Also, this research investigates some mechanical properties, including (tensile strength, compression strength, elastic modulus, hardness, and surface …

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Dynamic Characterization Assessment And Optimization Of Reactive Powder Underwater Concrete, Doha Alsaffar, Basil Al-Shathr, Suhair Abed Mar 2026

Dynamic Characterization Assessment And Optimization Of Reactive Powder Underwater Concrete, Doha Alsaffar, Basil Al-Shathr, Suhair Abed

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study investigates the dynamic properties of Reactive Powder Underwater Concrete (RPUWC), a novel composite integrating attributes of Reactive Powder Concrete and underwater cast concrete. The study focuses on assessing the impact resistance, dynamic modulus of elasticity, rigidity, and Poisson's ratio. The influence of micro steel fibers (MS) at different volume fractions (1%, 1.25%, and 1.5%) and different anti-washout admixture (AWA) dosages (0.5 %, 0.7%, and 0.9%) are examined. The findings indicate that increasing the MS content improves crack resistance and energy absorption, resulting in a substantial 155.6% enhancement in the first crack resistance when using 1.5% MS. Additionally, ultimate …

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Single Variable Thick Plate Buckling Problems Using Double Finite Sine Transform Method, Charles Ike Mar 2026

Single Variable Thick Plate Buckling Problems Using Double Finite Sine Transform Method, Charles Ike

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper derives buckling solutions for single variable thick plate buckling problems using the double finite sine transform method (DFSTM). The problem governing partial differential equation (GPDE), originally formulated by Shimpi and others, uses a refined plate theory (RPT) and accounts for transverse shear deformations, rendering it applicable to thick plates. The thick plate is simply supported and subjected to (i) uniform uniaxial compressive load in the x direction. (ii) uniform biaxial compressive load in the x and y axes. The DFSTM was applied to the GPDE, and the problem transformed into an algebraic equation, which was simpler in this …

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A Static And Dynamic Analysis Of A High-Speed Turbo Machine Foundation, Ameer Ahmed, Mohammed Fattah, Makki Mohsen Mar 2026

A Static And Dynamic Analysis Of A High-Speed Turbo Machine Foundation, Ameer Ahmed, Mohammed Fattah, Makki Mohsen

Engineering and Technology Journal

The foundation plays a significant role in safe and efficient turbo machinery operation. Turbomachinery generates harmonic load on the foundation due to its high-speed rotating motion, which causes vibration in the machinery foundation. Any increase in machine vibration reduces the machine's performance. In studying engineering problems, using numerical programs helps get a well-designed foundation. Before conducting a parametric study, the program used shall be validated and/or verified by conducting a series of analyses to ensure that the program output represents the reference studied cases well. In many cases, the real problem is simplified by assuming that the machine's loads are …

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Waste Rubber Pre-Treatments And Their Effects On Compressive And Flexural Strength Of Modified Sifcon, Ali Hashim, Basil Al-Shathr Mar 2026

Waste Rubber Pre-Treatments And Their Effects On Compressive And Flexural Strength Of Modified Sifcon, Ali Hashim, Basil Al-Shathr

Engineering and Technology Journal

Slurry-infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) is a comparatively new and unique steel fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) form. SIFCON possesses many desirable characteristics, including high strength and ductility. Sustainable concrete is one of the most critical types of concrete for the current environment. An enormous volume of waste rubber tires is produced globally due to the expansion of the automobile industry. This study's primary purpose is to assess the impact of employing pre-treated waste rubber tires in slurry-infiltrated fiber concrete on its flexural and compressive strengths. Based on flexural and compressive strengths, an experimental program was conducted to evaluate the flexural and compressive …

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A Proposed New Mix Proportioning Method For Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete, Mazin Alhifadhi, Tareq Al-Attar, Qais Hasan Mar 2026

A Proposed New Mix Proportioning Method For Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Concrete, Mazin Alhifadhi, Tareq Al-Attar, Qais Hasan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Global warming on planet Earth results from the high emission of greenhouse gases, especially CO2. The Portland cement industry releases high amounts of CO2 and is responsible for about 5-8% of total emissions. Efforts have been made to look for alternative cementless binders to mitigate the impact on the environment. Geopolymers are one of the highlighted alternatives and can be obtained from the reaction of any aluminosilicate material with an alkaline solution. Aluminosilicate materials are found in byproduct materials such as fly ash. Geopolymer concrete is a promising environmentally friendly option. However, previous conventional mix proportioning methods for fly ash-based …

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Some Properties Of Sustainable Concrete With Rubber Waste Aggregate, Rafid Motloq, Wasan Khalil, Eethar Dawood Mar 2026

Some Properties Of Sustainable Concrete With Rubber Waste Aggregate, Rafid Motloq, Wasan Khalil, Eethar Dawood

Engineering and Technology Journal

The cumulative quantities of non-biodegradable solid tire waste, which are byproducts of transport vehicles, contribute to environmental pollution.. This study seeks to address this issue by investigating the impact of using this waste as a replacement for natural coarse and fine aggregate in varying ratios (10%, 15%, and 20% as coarse aggregate, and 5%, 10%, and 15% as fine aggregate by volume) to create sustainable concrete. All mixtures incorporate 10% silica fume (SF) as a cement replacement by weight. Results reveal decreased workability, fresh density, compressive, and splitting tensile strength with increasing rubber replacement proportions. However, utilizing tire rubber aggregate …

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Enhancing Pullout Load Performance Of Under-Reamed Piles In Homogeneous Layered Clay: A Numerical Comparative Study, Anji Al-Bayati, Mohammed Al-Neami, Falah Rahil Mar 2026

Enhancing Pullout Load Performance Of Under-Reamed Piles In Homogeneous Layered Clay: A Numerical Comparative Study, Anji Al-Bayati, Mohammed Al-Neami, Falah Rahil

Engineering and Technology Journal

A 3D numerical model generated using PLAXIS-3D software was used in the present research to predict the behavior of under-reamed piles under pullout loading conditions with presumed soil Mohr-Coulomb failure. The under-reamed pile was embedded in homogeneous, layered clay soil, with stiff clay overlain by soft clay and soft clay overlain by stiff clay. The piles were chosen per the Indian Code (IS 2911) specification, and two variables were studied: bulb provision and soil layering. Inhomogeneous clay with varying cohesion values (20, 40, and 80 kPa) and under the same conditions, the pullout capacity was improved compared to a straight …

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Studying Characteristics And Strength Of The Unsaturated Gypseous Soil With Various Saturation Degrees, Ahmed Abood, Mohammed Fattah, Aqeel Al-Adili Mar 2026

Studying Characteristics And Strength Of The Unsaturated Gypseous Soil With Various Saturation Degrees, Ahmed Abood, Mohammed Fattah, Aqeel Al-Adili

Engineering and Technology Journal

The main objective of this study is to determine the appropriateness of unsaturated gypseous soil as a subgrade layer for carrying foundations. A comprehensive laboratory testing program was implemented to investigate the geotechnical characteristics and behavior of unsaturated gypseous soil. Tests that are physical included specific gravity, classification tests, relative density, Proctor compactions, single and double oedometer collapse potential, and static triaxial compression (CU-test). Chemical testing, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Electronic Dissipation x-ray Scanning (EDS) analyses were also carried out. The tests were performed for samples prepared at 70% relative density of the natural gypseous soil. Tests are performed …

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Free Vibration Of Thin Beams On Winkler Foundations Using Generalized Integral Transform Method, Charles Ike Mar 2026

Free Vibration Of Thin Beams On Winkler Foundations Using Generalized Integral Transform Method, Charles Ike

Engineering and Technology Journal

The determination of free vibration frequencies of thin beams on Winkler foundations is important in their design to avoid resonant failures when the excitation frequency equals the least natural frequency. This article presents the determination of natural transverse vibration frequencies of Euler-Bernoulli beams on Winkler foundations using the Generalized Integral Transform Method (GITM). The problem is governed by a fourth-order partial differential equation (PDE) and boundary conditions dependent on the end restraints. The governing PDE is transformed into an algebraic eigenvalue problem for harmonic vibrations and harmonic response. Analytical solutions of the governing equations are difficult and complex. Hence, other …

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Elzaki Transform Method For Natural Frequency Analysis Of Euler-Bernoulli Beams, Charles Ike, Tarig Elzaki Mar 2026

Elzaki Transform Method For Natural Frequency Analysis Of Euler-Bernoulli Beams, Charles Ike, Tarig Elzaki

Engineering and Technology Journal

Free vibration analysis of thin beams under dynamic excitation is important in design to prevent resonance failures that occur when the excitation frequency coincides with the natural vibration frequency. In this paper, the Elzaki transform method (ETM) is used, for the first time, to solve the free vibration problem of thin beams. The beam is assumed to be homogeneous and prismatic, and the vibration is assumed to be harmonic. As a result, the field equation becomes a fourth-order homogeneous ordinary differential equation (ODE). The Elzaki transform method is chosen in this study due to its proven ability to solve ODEs, …

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Cold-Bonded Lightweight Synthetic Aggregate Involving High Reactive Attapulgite At Different Curing Conditions, Mohammed Abbas, Waleed Abbas Mar 2026

Cold-Bonded Lightweight Synthetic Aggregate Involving High Reactive Attapulgite At Different Curing Conditions, Mohammed Abbas, Waleed Abbas

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aimed to develop an eco-friendly, lightweight, and synthetic aggregate (SLA) based on clay suitable for use in structural lightweight concrete. The researchers utilized the cold-bonded pelletization process to agglomerate pozzolanic materials, specifically attapulgite extracted from a quarry, and crushed into a fine filler. The appropriate calcination temperature for manufacturing this clay as a pozzolanic material is 750°C. A total of 22 mixes were created using a combination of high reactive attapulgite (HRA) and cement (PC), with the attapulgite replacement rate varying from 100-50% by a 10% decrement. Different types of curing methods, including oven-dry, oven-water, room-water, and room-room, …

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Effect Of Bridge Piers Locations And Flow Intensity On Morphological Change In A 180-Degree River Bend, Abdurazaq Abdulwahd, Jaafar Maatooq Mar 2026

Effect Of Bridge Piers Locations And Flow Intensity On Morphological Change In A 180-Degree River Bend, Abdurazaq Abdulwahd, Jaafar Maatooq

Engineering and Technology Journal

Bridges when it crossing rivers often required multiple piers for support. One of has a limited investigation is the impact of piers on scouring and morphological aspects when a bridge crossing sharp-bend of river. Consequently, it is crucial to investigate the hydraulic behavior of water flow in these areas due to the presence of these piers. In present study, an experimental program was conducted on a laboratory flume featuring a two-pier bridge within a 180-degree (sharp) bend to accomplish this. The piers were strategically positioned at 90 and 150 degrees within the bend. The results indicated that the bridge within …

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A Comparative Study Of Antibacterial Activity Of Zno And Tio2 Nanoparticles Against Gram-Positive And Gram-Negative Bacteria, Ghaed Salman Mar 2026

A Comparative Study Of Antibacterial Activity Of Zno And Tio2 Nanoparticles Against Gram-Positive And Gram-Negative Bacteria, Ghaed Salman

Engineering and Technology Journal

Using the sol-gel technique, this study successfully synthesized two types of nanoparticles, ZnO and TiO2. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum exhibited a broad peak, providing insights into crucial chemical bonds. The average grain sizes, 18.6 nm for ZnO and 12.6 nm for TiO2 were determined through X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the (ZnO & TiO2) powder revealed the presence of pores and agglomeration. The antimicrobial efficacy of these nanoparticles was evaluated against Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and Proteus) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staph. aureus). The results demonstrated the capability of both ZnO and TiO2 to impact bacterial …

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Review On The Physicl Properties Of Polyethylene Oxide, Fahad Kamal, Nahida Hameed, Evan Salim, Subash Gopinath Mar 2026

Review On The Physicl Properties Of Polyethylene Oxide, Fahad Kamal, Nahida Hameed, Evan Salim, Subash Gopinath

Engineering and Technology Journal

Solid polymeric electrolytes have become crucial today due to their stability and high conductivity. Recently, lithium ion-doped polymeric electrolytes have gained intense attention for their superior ability to create highly conductive electrolytes for batteries and energy storage. This innovative electrolyte type has displaced many traditional systems due to their flammability and bulkiness. Traditional liquid organic electrolytes pose risks due to their flammable and unstable nature. Solid-state composite electrolytes offer both mechanical stability and electrical conductivity by using solid polymeric matrices like polyethylene oxide and polyurethane reinforced with inert fillers like alumina and titanium dioxide. Polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based materials show promise …

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New S-Box Design For Image Encryption Based On Multi-Chaotic System, Azhaar Abdallah, Alaa Farhan Mar 2026

New S-Box Design For Image Encryption Based On Multi-Chaotic System, Azhaar Abdallah, Alaa Farhan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Image encryption is a crucial area for researchers in information security, which protects digital images from unauthorized access. This paper proposes a novel image encryption scheme based on the multi-chaotic system. This paper is about encrypting color images based on a 2D Henon map and a 3D Lorenz map. We used the 2D Henon map equation to generate a new S-Box, thus creating a solid cipher that is difficult to break (for the confusion operation). We then generate keys from the 3D Lorenz map for the shifting process (for diffusion operation). A comparative analysis and the simulation test show that …

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Physical And Electrical Properties Of Spray Coating Graphene Films: The Effect Of Solution Concentration, Ayat Yahya, Evan Salim, Azhar Hassan, Subash C. B. Gopinath Mar 2026

Physical And Electrical Properties Of Spray Coating Graphene Films: The Effect Of Solution Concentration, Ayat Yahya, Evan Salim, Azhar Hassan, Subash C. B. Gopinath

Engineering and Technology Journal

Graphene nanofilms were deposited by the spray coating method at different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 g) and prepared at 120°C. The prepared nanofilms were characterized in terms of their structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties. The results confirm the formation of high-purity and high-crystallinity graphene nanofilms with a layered nanosheet morphology. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows the presence of pure graphene with (002) crystal planes. SEM Images show that the intended graphene films are symmetrical with few wrinkles on their surface. The graphene films show semi-transparent behavior with a maximum transmission of 50%. Raman spectroscopy shows …

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Heat Transfer Coefficients In Air-Solid Fluidized Bed Using Vertical Heating Element, Fadhil Faraj, Jamal Ali, Sarmad Najim Mar 2026

Heat Transfer Coefficients In Air-Solid Fluidized Bed Using Vertical Heating Element, Fadhil Faraj, Jamal Ali, Sarmad Najim

Engineering and Technology Journal

In various chemical industrial applications such as hydrocracking, drying, and Fischer-Tropsch, the utilization of fluidized bed systems is prevalent. Efficient heat transfer is crucial for maintaining stable temperatures and ensuring product quality in industrial processes. Gas-solid fluidized beds, which involve gas circulation through a bed of solid particles, offer a means to achieve efficient heat exchange. However, factors such as particle size, gas velocity, and heating methods can influence the effectiveness of these systems. To investigate the impact of internal heating on heat transfer in gas-solid fluidized beds, an experimental study was conducted using glass beads of 200 and 600 …

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Production Of High-Efficiency Alternative Biodiesel From Transesterification Of Waste Cooking Oil Using An In-House Made Y-Type Zeolite Catalyst, Huda Abdul-Kader, Zaidoon Shakor, Bashir Al-Zaidi, Shurooq Al-Humairi, Musa Salihu Mar 2026

Production Of High-Efficiency Alternative Biodiesel From Transesterification Of Waste Cooking Oil Using An In-House Made Y-Type Zeolite Catalyst, Huda Abdul-Kader, Zaidoon Shakor, Bashir Al-Zaidi, Shurooq Al-Humairi, Musa Salihu

Engineering and Technology Journal

Y-zeolite catalyst, with a Si/Al ratio of 2.23 and a high surface area of 703.34 m2/gcat, was prepared with three different particle sizes: 75, 600, and 1000 μm, from commercial Ludox AS-40 colloidal silica 40 wt.% suspension in water using the hydrothermal method. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analyses were all utilized to analyze the properties of the synthesized Y-zeolite catalyst. Waste cooking oil (WCO) was transesterified to biodiesel in a batch reactor under different temperatures (e.g., 40, 50, and …

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Servo And Regulatory Response Of An Industrial Fluid Catalytic Cracking (Fcc) Unit Under Fuzzy Logic Supervisory Control, Princewill Josiah, Ipeghan Otaraku, Benson Evbuomwan Mar 2026

Servo And Regulatory Response Of An Industrial Fluid Catalytic Cracking (Fcc) Unit Under Fuzzy Logic Supervisory Control, Princewill Josiah, Ipeghan Otaraku, Benson Evbuomwan

Engineering and Technology Journal

A self-tuning hierarchical controller in which a Fuzzy logic controller supervises the control actions of a conventional PID has been proposed, implemented and presented in this paper. The controller has been applied to a control study of Fluid Catalytic Cracking unit (FCCU) riser temperature, and regenerator temperature respectively. Comparison between the performance of the proposed Fuzzy-PID controller and the conventional PID was made in simulation studies of regulatory and servo performances of the two controller types. Six performance measures: Percent overshoot (OS), settling time (ST), integral absolute error (IAE), integral square error (ISE), integral time absolute error (ITAE) and integral …

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Studying The Effect Of Phosphogypsum Addition On Ceramic Membrane Properties, Adel Zrelli, Elhem Metoui, Abdoulaye Doucouré Mar 2026

Studying The Effect Of Phosphogypsum Addition On Ceramic Membrane Properties, Adel Zrelli, Elhem Metoui, Abdoulaye Doucouré

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aimed to investigate the effects of phosphogypsum addition on ceramic membrane properties. In this regard, clay and phosphogypsum were characterized using FTIR and laser particle sizer. The ceramic paste was prepared by incorporating varying amounts of phosphogypsum (10 to 50%), followed by molding using a semidry-pressing process at 10 bars pressure and sintering temperature at 900°C. The raw materials and prepared membranes were analyzed using FTIR, laser particle size, contact angle, porosity, and mechanical strength to evaluate the properties of the resulting ceramic membranes. The study showed that as the amount of phosphogypsum increased from 10% to 50%, …

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Speech Recognition Algorithm In A Noisy Environment Based On Power Normalized Cepstral Coefficient And Modified Weighted-Knn, Mohammed Safi, Eyad Abbas Mar 2026

Speech Recognition Algorithm In A Noisy Environment Based On Power Normalized Cepstral Coefficient And Modified Weighted-Knn, Mohammed Safi, Eyad Abbas

Engineering and Technology Journal

Speech recognition is widely used in robot control and automation. Nevertheless, the use of speech recognition in robots is limited due to its susceptibility to background noise. This paper proposes a speech recognition algorithm to control robots in noisy environments. The proposed algorithm is based on Perceptual Linear Predictive Cepstral Coefficients (PNCC), which is a noise-resistant feature extraction technique, and Modified K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) with Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) as the classifier. A new KNN-DTW classifier is proposed, integrating weighted KNN and DTW. The proposed algorithm results from experiments comparing PNCC and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) feature extraction techniques with …

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Investigation Of Fault Analysis For Renewable Energy Microgrid, Afaneen Abbood, Hanan Habbi, Mohamed Zohdy Mar 2026

Investigation Of Fault Analysis For Renewable Energy Microgrid, Afaneen Abbood, Hanan Habbi, Mohamed Zohdy

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper investigates the behavior of four bus grid-connected systems during different types of faults. The microgrid comprises a utility grid, a solar PV energy system, a diesel generator, and a load. Symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults at the microgrid distribution network were studied. These faults were applied at the solar PV bus under constant irradiance and temperature. The active and reactive power from the solar PV was synchronized based on the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) solar inverter. The total harmonic distortion (THD) for the load current response was also measured for each symmetrical and unsymmetrical fault. A protection system …

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Implementation Of Hyperbolic Sine And Cosine Functions Based On Fpga Using Different Approaches, Rawasee Yousif, Ivan Hashim, Bassam Abd Mar 2026

Implementation Of Hyperbolic Sine And Cosine Functions Based On Fpga Using Different Approaches, Rawasee Yousif, Ivan Hashim, Bassam Abd

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper presents the implementations of the hyperbolic sine and cosine functions, which are essential in many digital systems. In the previous eras, these functions were only implemented in software; however, hardware implementations have recently become more significant due to the performance advantages of hardware systems over software implementations. Therefore, these functions can be hardware implemented using various methods such as the CORDIC algorithm, Taylor series, polynomial approximation technique, and LUT approach. This paper focuses on reducing area utilization (logic components), low latency, and reducing power consumption. Five designs are proposed based on different techniques, in which the ROM approach …

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Performance Analysis Of Underwater Optical Communication System In Turbulent Link, Murtadha Joudha, Jassim Hmood, Salah Adnan Mar 2026

Performance Analysis Of Underwater Optical Communication System In Turbulent Link, Murtadha Joudha, Jassim Hmood, Salah Adnan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) systems have been identified as a suitable replacement technology with high data rates over relatively medium transmission ranges for underwater communication. In the research, we propose a new optical hybrid modulation format for carrying the letters over underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) system. This hybrid modulation format combines pulse position modulation (PPM) with digital pulse interval modulation (DPIM) to increase the transporting speed. The proposed UWOC system is experimentally investigated in the laboratory over a clean and turbulent water channel. The message was electrically modulated in the transmitter with PPM-DPIM format and then applied to …

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Image Processing Evaluation Of Lsp Effect On The Corrosion Rate For The 304 Alloy, Raghad Salman, Razi Al-Azawi, A. Kadhim Mar 2026

Image Processing Evaluation Of Lsp Effect On The Corrosion Rate For The 304 Alloy, Raghad Salman, Razi Al-Azawi, A. Kadhim

Engineering and Technology Journal

The purpose of the study is to inhibit the corrosion rate using the (LSP) laser shock processing technology with an ND-YAG laser utilizing the Q-switched technique with a wavelength of 1046 nm for stainless steel 304 alloy. Laser shock processing (LSP) is a novel surface treatment approach for strengthening metal materials that use a high peak power, a brief pulse, and cold hardening. The laser parameters’ effect includes laser pulse energy and pulse repetition rate on the surface properties. The qualities of sample surfaces were investigated, including surface roughness and micro-hardness. The X-ray fluorescence technique was used to analyze the …

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The Energy-Efficient Control Solutions Of Smart Street Lighting Systems: A Review, Issues, And Recommendations, Tarek Abedin, Chong Tak Yaw, Siaw Paw Koh, M.A. Hannan, Sieh Kiong Tiong, Kok Hen Chong, Ahmed N Abdalla, Kharudin Ali Mar 2026

The Energy-Efficient Control Solutions Of Smart Street Lighting Systems: A Review, Issues, And Recommendations, Tarek Abedin, Chong Tak Yaw, Siaw Paw Koh, M.A. Hannan, Sieh Kiong Tiong, Kok Hen Chong, Ahmed N Abdalla, Kharudin Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

The smart street-lighting system (SSLS) is a leading candidate in the smart city. By the time of the last 15 cycles, many meaningful improvements have been executed in the SSLS with the impact of the internet of things technologies and universal networking devices. Conventional smart street lighting systems are restricted to wireless sensor networks, mobile devices, and old lighting control systems. This article presents a comprehensive treatment of network designs, namely communication, control, and wireless sensor-based smart street lighting system by deploying based on their existing system architecture, and network topologies including leading with it a host of privileges. In …

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Comparative Study Of Induction Motor And Steam Turbine At Kebon Agung Sugar Factory Malang Indonesia, Roro Hendaryati, Sudarman Sudarman, Damario Baskoro, Nyoto Susilo, Cucut Pamungkas, Willy Nugroho, Yepy Sofi'i Mar 2026

Comparative Study Of Induction Motor And Steam Turbine At Kebon Agung Sugar Factory Malang Indonesia, Roro Hendaryati, Sudarman Sudarman, Damario Baskoro, Nyoto Susilo, Cucut Pamungkas, Willy Nugroho, Yepy Sofi'i

Engineering and Technology Journal

Induction motors and steam turbines are the main components in the sugar cane milling process. This study analyzes the efficiency of induction motors and steam turbines as mill drives at the Kebon Agung Sugar Factory in Malang, Indonesia. This study used experimental methods by observing and testing at the Kebon Agung Sugar Factory. The induction motors analyzed were mills 1, 2, and 5. Meanwhile, the steam turbines analyzed were cane cutter 1, 2, heavy-duty hammer shredder, mill 3, and mill 4. Motor and turbine data were obtained through the control system. Furthermore, the motor and turbine data are processed, and …

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