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Emergent Operator Logic: A Foundational Framework For Dynamic Reasoning And Generative Intelligence, Mona Gharib, Abduallah Gamal, Muhammad Nawaz, Basma Nasir Mar 2026

Emergent Operator Logic: A Foundational Framework For Dynamic Reasoning And Generative Intelligence, Mona Gharib, Abduallah Gamal, Muhammad Nawaz, Basma Nasir

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

This paper introduces Emergent Operator Logic (EOL), a framework that treats propositions as continuous operators $F_p:X \rightarrow X$ on a complete metric state space $( X,d )$ and evaluates truth after action via a continuous valuation $V:X \rightarrow [ 0,1 ]$. Logical composition is realized by three operator-level connectives: sequential $p \circ q$(causal order), parallel $p\parallel q$(1-Lipschitz cooperative blend), and the emergent synthesis $E( p,q ) = \frac12( F_p \circ F_q + F_q \circ F_p )$, which symmetrizes non-commuting actions. We provide a Hilbert-style proof system (sound), an algebraic semantics via E-algebras, and show that the category of E-algebras is …

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Staff Education To Improve Mental Health Staff Knowledge On Mobile Health Applications For Medication Adherence, Chipasha Chingwengwezi Mar 2026

Staff Education To Improve Mental Health Staff Knowledge On Mobile Health Applications For Medication Adherence, Chipasha Chingwengwezi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite rising evidence supporting the efficacy of mobile health (mHealth) applications to enhance medication adherence among individuals with mental health conditions, there is little utilization of these applications within mental health facilities. This project aimed to address the issue of implementing an interactive education program to enhance the knowledge of mental health staff and skills in the application of mHealth apps to enhance medication adherence. The main objective of this project was to fill the gap between conducting research and implementing its outcomes by providing staff with the knowledge and skills to incorporate mHealth applications into their daily practice. The …

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Nursing Students’ Attitudes About Correcting Health Misinformation On Social Media, Heather Ann Hill Mar 2026

Nursing Students’ Attitudes About Correcting Health Misinformation On Social Media, Heather Ann Hill

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Health misinformation on social media is a global public health concern. Research has shown that health misinformation causes significant harm in communities, especially for vulnerable populations with existing health disparities. Nurses have been urged to play a more significant role in combating health misinformation. Existing research has shown that nurses are hesitant to correct health misinformation on social media, but attitudes among current nursing students have not been examined. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore nursing students' attitudes about correcting health misinformation on social media. Guided by Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior and Paterson and Zderad’s …

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Alignment Of Projects With Business Strategy, Lyndon Leathan Martin Mar 2026

Alignment Of Projects With Business Strategy, Lyndon Leathan Martin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Some organizations lack strategies to ensure that project outcomes are aligned with organizational objectives. Business leaders are concerned when project outcomes are misaligned with organizational objectives, as this can lead to decreased profitability and a loss of competitive advantage. Grounded in Porter’s Five Forces model, the purpose of this qualitative, pragmatic inquiry was to explore the strategies business leaders use to ensure project outcomes are profitable and aligned with organizational objectives. The participants were six executive leaders of real estate and development companies in the Caribbean, purposefully selected because their organizations had successfully fulfilled organizational objectives through project outcomes. Data …

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What Is Alive? Students’ Conceptions Of The Traits That Unite Living Organisms, Jeremy L. Hsu, Meredith A. Dorner, Kate Hill Mar 2026

What Is Alive? Students’ Conceptions Of The Traits That Unite Living Organisms, Jeremy L. Hsu, Meredith A. Dorner, Kate Hill

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Biology is the study of life, but students often hold misconceptions about what it means to be alive, with children often associating life with movement. These misconceptions can lead to biases in what students think is alive, with younger children often not thinking of plants as living given their lack of discernable movement. Despite this past work, there have been no prior studies that we are aware of that have examined how students in introductory biology conceptualize what it means to be alive. Here, we draw upon a fortuitous dataset collected from an in-class activity done on the first day …

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Student Achievements Showcase Impact Of (603) Challenge Gifts, Unh Communications And Public Affairs Mar 2026

Student Achievements Showcase Impact Of (603) Challenge Gifts, Unh Communications And Public Affairs

UNH Today Archive

No abstract provided.

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Regulation Of Zygotic Genome Activation By The Nucleocytoplasmic Ratio, Lily Acker, Hui Chen Mar 2026

Regulation Of Zygotic Genome Activation By The Nucleocytoplasmic Ratio, Lily Acker, Hui Chen

Faculty Publications

During early development, embryos undergo the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT), when control of development shifts from maternal factors to the newly activated zygotic genome. Decades of studies in various model organisms suggest that the nucleocytoplasmic (N/C) ratio is a key regulator of zygotic genome activation (ZGA), though this relationship is more nuanced in some organisms than others. Changing the nuclear content, nucleus size or cell size has been shown to shift the timing of ZGA. Mechanistically, the N/C ratio is linked to fundamental cellular processes that regulate genome activities, including nuclear import, repressor titration, activator accumulation, cell cycle lengthening, and chromatin …

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Transforming Nursing Clinical Education: The Power Of Environment, Student Motivation, And Clinical Instructors, Lia Mulyati, Nur Wulan, Abdal Rohim Mar 2026

Transforming Nursing Clinical Education: The Power Of Environment, Student Motivation, And Clinical Instructors, Lia Mulyati, Nur Wulan, Abdal Rohim

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Clinical learning is an important component in the formation of nursing students’ professional competence. The clinical environment, student motivation, and the role of clinical instructors are factors that influence the achievement of learning outcomes in nursing clinical practice. However, the relationship between these factors is still not fully understood. This study aims to examine the relationship between the clinical environment, student motivation, and the role of clinical instructors, and to determine how these three factors contribute to learning outcomes in nursing clinical practice. A quantitative design with a cross-sectional survey approach was used. The sample consisted of 117 nursing students, …

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Defining The Palette Of Biodeterrence: Appreciating A Broader Toolkit, Diane Dieuliis, James Giordano Mar 2026

Defining The Palette Of Biodeterrence: Appreciating A Broader Toolkit, Diane Dieuliis, James Giordano

Strategic Insights

Biological threats present unique challenges to traditional deterrence models due to their dual-use nature, difficulties in attribution, and rapidly evolving scientific landscape. In this commentary, the authors argue that deterrence by denial, while essential, is insufficient on its own to address contemporary biothreats. They propose a broader framework that integrates deterrence by disruption and capability diminishment to interfere with and reduce adversaries’ ability to develop and employ biological weapons. This approach emphasizes coordinated efforts across scientific, technological, economic, intelligence, and policy domains, as well as collaboration with public health and international partners. By shaping the conditions under which biological weapons …

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Few Granite Staters Regularly Attend Religious Services, But Many Still Value Religion 3/31/2026, Unh Survey Center Mar 2026

Few Granite Staters Regularly Attend Religious Services, But Many Still Value Religion 3/31/2026, Unh Survey Center

All UNH Survey Center Polls

More than half of adult Granite Staters say they never attend religious services, despite most saying they did attend as children. Catholics represent the largest religious group among New Hampshire adults, followed closely by Protestants, but more than a third say they are agnostic, atheist, or religiously unaffiliated. Despite low church attendance, majorities say they believe in God or a supernatural entity and heaven or some type of afterlife, and just over half believe religion has a positive impact on society. Majorities also believe religion plays a key role in morality and believe the U.S. was founded as a Christian …

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Vermonters See No Role For Religion In Public Life, Nearly Half Identify As Non-Religious 3/31/2026, Unh Survey Center Mar 2026

Vermonters See No Role For Religion In Public Life, Nearly Half Identify As Non-Religious 3/31/2026, Unh Survey Center

All UNH Survey Center Polls

Two-thirds of Vermont adults say they never attend religious services, despite many regularly attending in their childhood, and nearly half of the population identify as agnostic, atheist, or religiously unaffiliated, while less than one-fifth each identify as Catholic or Protestant. Overall, a majority say that religion is not very or not at all important to their lives. State residents are split on whether religion has a positive or negative effect on society but most feel that religion should play no role in public affairs and that prayer is public schools is inappropriate. Notwithstanding these opinions, about half of Vermonters personally …

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Exploring The Impact Of Psychological Hardiness On Career Prosperity: An Analytical Study Of The Opinions Of Employees Of The Ministry Of Migration And Displacement/Najaf Governorate Branch, Mustafa Hasan Kareem Al-Hamami Mar 2026

Exploring The Impact Of Psychological Hardiness On Career Prosperity: An Analytical Study Of The Opinions Of Employees Of The Ministry Of Migration And Displacement/Najaf Governorate Branch, Mustafa Hasan Kareem Al-Hamami

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This study aims to explore the impact of psychological hardiness on career well-being among employees of the Ministry of Migration and Displaced Persons – Najaf Al-Ashraf Branch, with a focus on how psychological hardiness contributes to enhancing employee welfare and improving professional performance. The study adopted a descriptive- analytical approach, where data were collected and analyzed to determine the relationship between the variables. The study population included all employees of the Ministry – Najaf Al-Ashraf Branch, and a random sample of 100 employees was selected to ensure adequate representation of different departments and job categories. A standardized questionnaire measuring psychological …

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The Link March 31, 2026, Access To Justice Institute Mar 2026

The Link March 31, 2026, Access To Justice Institute

The Link Newsletter

No abstract provided.

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Association Of Central Obesity And Hypertension In An Urban Area, Chandrayani Simanjorang, Diva Anita Churiana Sudrajat, Ulya Qoulan Karima Mar 2026

Association Of Central Obesity And Hypertension In An Urban Area, Chandrayani Simanjorang, Diva Anita Churiana Sudrajat, Ulya Qoulan Karima

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases in Indonesia that is closely related to obesity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between central obesity and hypertension in a cohort study group in Bogor City, West Java from 2011 to 2021. A retrospective cohort study design was employed, with multivariate Cox regression analysis performed using secondary data from the Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Diseases (FRPTM) Cohort Study. Among 3,586 samples, 879 incident cases of hypertension were observed by the end of follow-up, accounting for 24.5% of the at-risk population. The incidence rate of hypertension was 28 cases per 1000 …

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The Heavy Crown, Shared Throne: How Coleadership Tempers Ego And Sustains Leader Well-Being, Sam T. Hunter, Ares Boira-Lopez, Alexis D'Amato Mar 2026

The Heavy Crown, Shared Throne: How Coleadership Tempers Ego And Sustains Leader Well-Being, Sam T. Hunter, Ares Boira-Lopez, Alexis D'Amato

Psychology Faculty Publications

Mitchell and colleagues (Reference Mitchell, Haslam, Burke and Steffense2026) provide a well-reasoned, sound, and thought-provoking case for why HR practices can promote or discourage narcissistic tendencies in leaders. Acknowledging their contribution, we offer two points of pushback and one point of extension based on those areas of pushback. The first point of pushback is that counter to the authors, we contend that hypercompetitive selection methods that seek to identify the best leadership candidate, although not ideal, are necessary. Do such processes (e.g., head hunting, in-depth assessment centers) admittedly have the potential to inflate individual egos and promote narcissistic …

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Venous Thromboembolism Attenuates Brain Cortical Thickness: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization Study, Wenli Gu, Xiu Liu, Christopher Tze-Wei Tsang, Si Yeung Yu, Yan Chen, Jiayi Huang, Yuk Ki Yukie Lam, Tim Yan, Meizhen Wu, Ran Guo, Jingnan Zhang, Ferit Böyük, Yap Hang Chan, Kai Hang Yiu Mar 2026

Venous Thromboembolism Attenuates Brain Cortical Thickness: Evidence From Mendelian Randomization Study, Wenli Gu, Xiu Liu, Christopher Tze-Wei Tsang, Si Yeung Yu, Yan Chen, Jiayi Huang, Yuk Ki Yukie Lam, Tim Yan, Meizhen Wu, Ran Guo, Jingnan Zhang, Ferit Böyük, Yap Hang Chan, Kai Hang Yiu

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

Background: Emerging evidence suggests an association between vascular risk factors and changes in brain cortical structure and function. However, the relationship between venous thromboembolism (VTE) and brain cortical remodeling remains unclear, impeding further research on brain cortical dysfunction. Methods: Using summary statistics obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore potential causal effects of genetically predisposed pulmonary embolism (PE, N = 361,194), deep vein thrombosis (DVT, N = 462,933) and unspecified VTE (N = 218,792) on brain cortical structure (N = 51,665). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based measures of brain cortex including …

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Prevalence Of Fall Among Elderly In Rural Sabah And Its Associated Factors, Khalid Mokti, Mohd. Yusof Ibrahim, Syed Sharizman Abd Rahim, Mohammad Saffree Jeffree, Mazlinda Musa, Mohd. Rohaizat Hassan, Yugo Shobugawa, Muhammad Aklil Abd Rahim, Ahmad Faizal Roslan, Mervynn Koon Kar-Wai Mar 2026

Prevalence Of Fall Among Elderly In Rural Sabah And Its Associated Factors, Khalid Mokti, Mohd. Yusof Ibrahim, Syed Sharizman Abd Rahim, Mohammad Saffree Jeffree, Mazlinda Musa, Mohd. Rohaizat Hassan, Yugo Shobugawa, Muhammad Aklil Abd Rahim, Ahmad Faizal Roslan, Mervynn Koon Kar-Wai

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Falls are a leading cause of injury among older adults, often resulting in significant physical, psychological, and social consequences. This study aims to determine the factors that contribute significantly to fall risks among the older adults in rural Sabah. A cross-sectional community study was conducted in the Kudat Division, Sabah, Malaysia from January to June 2021. Using multistage random sampling, 700 adults aged ≥60 years were recruited, excluding those with severe disability, mental illness, or institutionalized. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with a structured questionnaire adapted from the validated Japanese Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) tool, and anthropometric measures were …

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The Effectiveness Of Psychoeducation And Mind Mapping In Preventing Early Marriages In Central Java, Indonesia, Eviyati Aini Muriana, Mardiyono Mardiyono, Lanny Sunarjo, Melyana Nurul Widyawati Mar 2026

The Effectiveness Of Psychoeducation And Mind Mapping In Preventing Early Marriages In Central Java, Indonesia, Eviyati Aini Muriana, Mardiyono Mardiyono, Lanny Sunarjo, Melyana Nurul Widyawati

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of early marriages increased. Early marriage causes biological and psychological problems in the mother and her baby. The combination of psychoeducation and mind mapping emerged as a preventive effort against early marriage. The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of this combination in preventing early marriage in Central Java, Indonesia by influencing adolescents’ knowledge and intentions. This study was conducted using a convergent mixed-methods design. For the quantitative phase, the pre-test – post-test control group experimental design was used, while in the qualitative phase, a thematic analysis was performed using focus …

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Exposing The Work Of The Market Through The Case Of Alternative Provision For English School Students, Nick Pratt, Elizabeth Done, Sam Morahan Mar 2026

Exposing The Work Of The Market Through The Case Of Alternative Provision For English School Students, Nick Pratt, Elizabeth Done, Sam Morahan

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

Pupils in England who for some reason are not able to attend school often find themselves in Alternative Provision (AP). These are special arrangements designed to address their specific needs and help them return to mainstream schooling. AP involves a financial agreement between the provider and the organisation that commissions the provision and thus operates as an explicit form of education market in which educational services are traded directly for financial recompense. We report on a case study of one AP provider in the South-West of England undertaken over a one-year period which generated data through individual, semi-structured interviews and …

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Challenges Of Selected Philippine Higher Educational Institutions In Facilitating Extension Services: Application Of The Best-Fit Framework, Kay Guiriba-Losabia, Allan G. Dalo, Calyd T. Cerio Mar 2026

Challenges Of Selected Philippine Higher Educational Institutions In Facilitating Extension Services: Application Of The Best-Fit Framework, Kay Guiriba-Losabia, Allan G. Dalo, Calyd T. Cerio

Journal of Public Affairs and Development

This paper deals with a case study that uses the best-fit framework to analyze the challenges faced by the HEIs in facilitating the effective delivery of extension services. Specifically, it seeks to identify the factors that influence the HEI in identifying its thrusts and directions and developing extension programs. It also aims to assess the factors that facilitate and limit the implementation of extension programs. The study used a qualitative case study. Participants in the study include HEI Extension Unit Heads and project or program leaders. Key informant interview, survey, and secondary data review were conducted to collect data. Content …

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Determining A Likely Mechanism Of Missingness In Repeated Measures Sleep Data From Wearable Fitness Trackers: Longitudinal Analysis, Kate Mobley, Kevin B. Gittner, Karen Nielsen, Lauren Matheny, Gita Taasoobshirazi, Charles Natuhamya, Monica H. Swahn Mar 2026

Determining A Likely Mechanism Of Missingness In Repeated Measures Sleep Data From Wearable Fitness Trackers: Longitudinal Analysis, Kate Mobley, Kevin B. Gittner, Karen Nielsen, Lauren Matheny, Gita Taasoobshirazi, Charles Natuhamya, Monica H. Swahn

Faculty Articles

Background: Wearable fitness trackers have become a valuable tool in public health research due to their ability to collect large-scale, individual-level data at a low cost. Because of this, wearables have the potential to mitigate the urgent need for health research in low-resource settings. However, their use has been largely limited to high-income settings, and a major challenge remains: high rates of missing data. This problem may be exacerbated in low-resource environments where logistical and operational barriers further complicate data collection. Wearable sleep data collected in an urban informal settlement in Uganda during The Onward Project on Well-being and Adversity …

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Relationship Between Neck Muscle Cross-Sectional Area With Craniovertebral Angle Among The Subjects With Chronic Neck Pain, Mohamed Faisal Chevidikunnan, Mohammed Sati Alharbi Mar 2026

Relationship Between Neck Muscle Cross-Sectional Area With Craniovertebral Angle Among The Subjects With Chronic Neck Pain, Mohamed Faisal Chevidikunnan, Mohammed Sati Alharbi

Journal of Medical Rehabilitation Science

Background: Neck pain is a common condition affecting many people worldwide. However, the relationships between neck muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), and craniovertebral angle (CVA), in chronic neck pain patients remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the association between these factors among the subjects with chronic neck pain. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study design, where 21 patients presenting to radiology department at King Fahd Hospital, Madina with chronic neck pain were included. They aged between 25–55 years, which includes both male and female subjects, who have not undergone any of neck or shoulder surgery, subjects without previous local …

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Limb Dominance Does Not Affect Single-Leg Hop Performance In Non-Injured Young Athletes, Rawan Aldhabi Mar 2026

Limb Dominance Does Not Affect Single-Leg Hop Performance In Non-Injured Young Athletes, Rawan Aldhabi

Journal of Medical Rehabilitation Science

Background: The concept of leg dominance is important in clinical settings. Single-leg hop (SLH) tests are frequently used to assess injury-risk and guide return-to-sport decision after lower-limb injury, yet the influence of limb dominance on SLH performance in non-injured young athletes remains unclear. The aim of the study was to examine the influence of limb dominance on SLH test performance in young healthy athletes, and to explore the relationships among different types of SLH tests. Methods: Forty-seven healthy collegiate athletes (mean age 21.44 ± 3.5 years; 26 males and 21 females) completed three SLH tests: single hop for distance (SHD), …

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An Exploration Of Therapists' Perspectives On Treatment Approaches And Outcomes For Trigger Finger In Saudi Arabia, Badr F. Alduqsi, Naif B. Abudken, Hatim A. Al-Johani, Ahmed M. Bajunayd Mar 2026

An Exploration Of Therapists' Perspectives On Treatment Approaches And Outcomes For Trigger Finger In Saudi Arabia, Badr F. Alduqsi, Naif B. Abudken, Hatim A. Al-Johani, Ahmed M. Bajunayd

Journal of Medical Rehabilitation Science

Background: Trigger finger (stenosing tenosynovitis) is a common hand condition characterized by pain, stiffness, and locking of the affected digit. Although conservative management strategies, particularly splinting and corticosteroid injections, are widely implemented in clinical practice, there is currently no universally accepted gold standard for the treatment of trigger finger. Furthermore, regional evidence describing therapists' preferences and clinical decision-making processes in Saudi Arabia remains limited. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the perspectives of occupational therapists, physical therapists, and physicians in Saudi Arabia regarding preferred conservative treatment approaches for trigger finger, and to identify the key factors influencing clinical decision-making and …

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Literary Works On Turkish Captives On Nargin Island, Arş. Gör. Dr. Orhan Baldane Mar 2026

Literary Works On Turkish Captives On Nargin Island, Arş. Gör. Dr. Orhan Baldane

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

In this study, firstly basic information about Nargin Island was given and then literary works that took the subject of captivity on Nargin Island were evaluated. As a result of our survey, 26 works in 5 different literary genres were identified in which the events on Nargin Island were the main subject or an important sub-theme within the plot. These works written in the genres of novel, poetry, theater, memoirs and diary, were published 12 in Azerbaijan and 14 in Türkiye. The fact that novels and the play were written after the 2000s is related to the inadequacy of relations …

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Migration, Culture And Belonging: The Military Service Problem Of Second-Generation Turkish Workers Living In Germany, Özlem Seyhan Mar 2026

Migration, Culture And Belonging: The Military Service Problem Of Second-Generation Turkish Workers Living In Germany, Özlem Seyhan

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

At the end of the 1950s, when Germany entered a period of economic development, a need arose for labor to work in industry and mining. Having lost a large portion of its young population in the World Wars, Germany began recruiting workers from abroad through agreements with various countries. In this context, an agreement was made with Türkiye in 1961, and Turkish workers were sent to Germany on various dates. Turkish workers who started working in a country that was completely different culturally, geographically and religiously and then took their families with them had to struggle with various social and …

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The Lawyer, The Law, The Case: Teaching Legal Readers To Co-Create The Law, Sara Cates Mar 2026

The Lawyer, The Law, The Case: Teaching Legal Readers To Co-Create The Law, Sara Cates

St. Mary's Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Does A Restrictive Clause Preventing The Resale Of A Vehicle Belong In The Proverbial “Bundle Of Sticks”?, Richard "Tres" Lyons Iii Mar 2026

Does A Restrictive Clause Preventing The Resale Of A Vehicle Belong In The Proverbial “Bundle Of Sticks”?, Richard "Tres" Lyons Iii

St. Mary's Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Design And Implementation Of A Solar-Powered Autonomous Drain-Cleaning Robot With Iot And Vision-Based Debris Detection, Nik Nor Afiza Che Isa, Nor Zaihar Yahaya Mar 2026

Design And Implementation Of A Solar-Powered Autonomous Drain-Cleaning Robot With Iot And Vision-Based Debris Detection, Nik Nor Afiza Che Isa, Nor Zaihar Yahaya

Platform: A Journal of Engineering (PAJE)

Drain blockages caused by dried leaves and debris are a recurring issue in residential areas, particularly in tropical regions such as Malaysia leading to hygiene risks and increased manual maintenance effort. This paper presents the design and implementation of a solar-powered autonomous drain-cleaning robot for domestic applications. The system integrates a mobile robotic platform with a 4-DOF robotic arm, YOLOv8-based vision for real-time debris detection, and Internet of Things (IoT)-based remote monitoring. The robot is built on a Raspberry Pi 5 and incorporates VL53L0X time-of-flight (ToF) sensors, INA219 power sensors, NEO-6M GPS and a USB webcam. Detected debris triggers an …

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Joint Channel–Spatial Attention With Curriculum Learning For Robust Crowd Density Estimation, Heba M. El-Hoseny, Heba F. Elsepae, Ehab K. I. Hamad, El-Sayed M. El-Rabaie Mar 2026

Joint Channel–Spatial Attention With Curriculum Learning For Robust Crowd Density Estimation, Heba M. El-Hoseny, Heba F. Elsepae, Ehab K. I. Hamad, El-Sayed M. El-Rabaie

Mesopotamian Journal of Big Data

Accurate crowd counting remains a major challenge in computer vision due to perspective distortion, background clutter, occlusion, and poor illumination, which degrade feature representation and limit model generalization. This study introduces a robust and well-structured approach that integrates hybrid attention mechanisms with curriculum learning to enhance accuracy and stability in complex crowd scenarios. Gamma correction and CLAHE preprocessing enhance image visibility, facilitating the reliable detection of small and distant individuals under challenging lighting conditions. A mixed attention mechanism further enhances feature discrimination by emphasizing crowd-relevant regions while suppressing background noise. In addition, curriculum learning, guided by scoring and pacing functions, …

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