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Ndls Communicator: Week Of 05.26.26, Notre Dame Law School

NDLS Communicator

The Latest News

• Celebrating the Commencement of Notre Dame Law School’s Class of 2026
• Commencement 2026: Dean G. Marcus Cole’s charge to the graduating class
• Commencement 2026: Speech by Distinguished Professor of the Year Fr. Pat Reidy, C.S.C.
• Notre Dame Law School announces awards for 2026 graduating class
• Notre Dame Law Graduate Kyung Mo Kang ’26 J.S.D. Examines Accountability for Human Rights Violations in North Korea Notre
• Notre Dame Law Graduate Tyson Weeks '26 J.D. Receives 2026 Equal Justice Works Regional Public Interest Award
• Paolo Carozza provides insight on Pope Leo XIV’s encyclical Magnifica humanitas

Faculty Briefs

• Dean G. Marcus …

Seed Endophyte Bacillus Atrophaeus Colonizes Root And Shoot Tissues Providing Antifungal Activity During Wheat Seedling Establishment, Anagha Wankhade, Zhiting Xu, Ashlynn Clark, David Britt

Biological Engineering Student Research

Seed-associated endophytes become active during germination, playing important roles as early colonizers of plant tissues and contributing to plant health while residing in a protective niche. In this study, we characterized a wheat-derived bacterial isolate, JunSE1L, to determine its functional traits and ecological role in the plant microbiome. The isolate was identified as Bacillus atrophaeus based on 16S rRNA analysis. JunSE1L exhibited nutrient-dependent plasticity in colony architecture, forming robust hydrophobic biofilms and pellicles under rich nutrient availability while swarming and forming thin, often dendritic colonies under defined nutrition. JunSE1L produced highly surface-active compounds that lowered the surface tension of water …

Reinforcement Threshold Controlled Modernn Tuned With J* And QMax Bilingual Spatiotemporal Attention Fusion For Inclusive Real-Time Sign Language Interpretation, Harapriya Kar, P Viswanathan

Baghdad Science Journal

Deaf communities still struggle with communication, partly due to the inefficiency of current sign language recognition systems, their poor generalization, and their inability to manage regional and linguistictions. This work suggests a novel architecture that blends attention-based spatiotemporal processing (RTC-ModeRNN-BSF) with a reinforcement threshold–controlled ModeRNN to solve these problems. The model adapts its computation based on the complexity of the input gesture, using between 2 and 8 attention slots, while gradually reducing exploration during training ($\varepsilon$: 0.9→ 0.1). Dual-stream memory pathways are optimized using joint log-likelihood maximization (J-Star) and computational pruning (Q-Max) to capture both immediate sequential patterns (C_{t …}

A Novel Ffueat Technique Enhancing The Performance Of Multiple Url Classification And Cybersecurity Using Rnn And Transformer-Based Models, Zafar Ali, Siti Sophiayati Yuhaniz, Noureen Noureen, Ghulam Mujtaba, Husham M. Ahmed

Baghdad Science Journal

Thousands of new websites are published every day, which pose significant challenges for web classification and cybersecurity. URL classification datasets, including general and cybersecurity-specific ones, face challenges such as class imbalance, noise, and ambiguous data, which can significantly affect model performance. This study proposes a novel Fine-Tuned FastText Unsupervised Embedding Augmentation Technique (FFUEAT). Datasets (DMOZ and Phishing) were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed technique, achieving F1-scores of 0.8639 with DistilBERT and 0.8891 with BERT. The performance of sparse minority classes, achieving accuracy increases of 20.88% for 'home', 58.04% for 'news', and 11.18% for the 'kids' categories of …

Diabetes Case Detection Based On Neuroevolutionary Algorithm And Ganet Tool, Ivan V. Stepanyan, Safa A. Hameed, Minhai Hou

Baghdad Science Journal

This paper proposes a method utilizing an evolutionary algorithm (EA) to improve the learning process within the artificial neural network (ANN). The study utilized two models: the neuroevolutionary algorithm and the GANet tool. These algorithms were trained on two clinical diabetes datasets to discern health conditions. Each Feedforward Artificial Neural Network (FANN) layer in a neuroevolutionary algorithm is broken into multiple ANNs according to the number of neurons. The evolutionary technique later utilizes crossover and mutation operations to produce an ideal FANN. Enhanced artificial neural networks were subsequently incorporated to provide an innovative and robust functional artificial neural network for …

Hs-Amm: Hierarchical Spatial Attention Mechanism Model For Facial Expression Recognition Based On Deep Learning, Ahmed Oday, Azizi Abdullah, Shahnorbanun Sahran

Baghdad Science Journal

Facial expression recognition (FER) is a significant challenge due to the complexity of multi-class categorization and the subtle differences between emotional factors, with existing deep learning models often struggling to leverage hierarchical local features for accurate distinction. To find a solution, this study proposes a two-method approach, aiming to enhance FER accuracy by refining classification through the arousal-valence dimension and improving feature extraction via an adaptive attention mechanism to resolve the difficulty of differentiating semantically close expressions. The proposed methodology combines (1) a two-level classification strategy, first, performing fine-grained classification, and second, multi-class categorization by grouping expressions into neutral, positive, …

Screening Key Factors In Cassava-Based Bioethanol Production By Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation, Safri Ishmayana, Alief R. P. Andrianto, Shinta D. R. Apandi, Debora Tamaris Horasio, Muhammad Fadhlillah, Irwan Kurnia, Riza Apriani, Fajriana S. Nurrusyda, Ukun M. S. Soedjanaatmadja

Baghdad Science Journal

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) is considered an efficient approach for bioethanol production from starchy biomass, although its performance is often affected by multiple variables acting at different stages of the process. In the present study, Plackett–Burman experimental design was used as a screening method to evaluate factors affecting ethanol production from cassava flour using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eleven variables related to both liquefaction and SSF stages were examined, including temperature, pH, processing time, agitation, enzyme loading, nitrogen supplementation and inoculum level, arranged in twelve experimental runs. As the experimental design was performed without replication, the effect of each variable …

Speeding Up Image-To-Art Transformation Using Pointillism And Dynamic Brush Techniques, Iman S. Mohammed

Baghdad Science Journal

It is a new digital process inspired by the pointillist technique of artist Georges Seurat and seeks to recreate Impressionist paintings in digital form in record time, as opposed to the long duration needed to create a painting by hand. The proposed algorithm breaks down the original image into the components of primary colors with the help of the Self-Organizing Maps algorithm. It's like how Seurat mixed his colours, which, when viewed from afar, creates a complete picture from small dots of color. The methodology has a number of technical improvements, such as a halo effect around the main components …

Evaluation Of Serum Eotaxin And Related Biomarkers In Focal And Generalized Epilepsy, Fenik Ahmed Nadir, Firas Shawqi Algburi, Zeyan Abdullah Ali, Shaima Ahmed Nadir

Baghdad Science Journal

Epilepsy is a common brain disorder, characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures, with associated neuropsychiatric and cognitive comorbidities and increased mortality. Assessment of serum Eotaxin and related biomarkers offers useful information about neuroinflammatory activity and metabolic imbalance in epilepsy, and may have potential value as diagnostic and prognostic tools. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between Eotaxin, Intelectin-1, Kynurenine, and Proprotein Convertase-1 and epilepsy. The study consisted of 90 subjects who were classified into three groups: 30 healthy controls, 31 patients with focal epilepsy, and 30 patients with generalized epilepsy. Serum samples were obtained, and biomarker concentrations …

The Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase As A Potential Diagnostic Marker For Beta-Thalassemia And Its Correlation With Hemoglobin Profiles, Duaa K. Mohammed, Layla O. Farhan

Baghdad Science Journal

The erythropoietic dysfunction and iron insufficiency associated with β -Thalassemia (β -TH) underscore the importance of augmenting traditional diagnostic techniques with independent biomarkers, beyond standard panels. This single-center case–control study (n = 120 β -TH major, 55; β -TH intermedia, 25; control, 40) examined whether circulating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) distinguishes patients from controls and correlates with hemoglobin fractions. The serum PI3K was significantly higher in β -TH (p < 0.001), with excellent discrimination tested in serum (AUC = 0.934; optimal cut-off > 1301 pg/mL; sensitivity 100%, specificity 80%). In a multivariable model, HbA₂% and HbF% were both positively and independently associated with PI3K. These results are biologically consistent with the interaction of erythroid …

If You’Re Doing This Correctly, There Is A Cost: An Exploration Of The Work–Family Trade-Off Of Female Academics In Australia, Fleur Sharafizad

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: This paper aims to explore how the gendered structures and expectations of neoliberal academic institutions inform and shape work–family trade-off considerations for women academics in Australia. It also sheds light on how these negotiations, and at times, the ensuing career or family gap, are experienced. In doing so, the paper deepens our understanding of the systematic barriers which do not only lead to gender inequalities in academia but also have broader individual and social implications. Design/methodology/approach: This exploratory study is based on qualitative semi-structured interviews, which were thematically analysed to identify how female academics navigate the expectations associated with …

T2b Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma Diagnosed By Frozen Section With High-Grade Dysplasia At The Cystic Duct Margin: Diagnostic And Prognostic Considerations, Christopher M. Ahmad, Rachana Tadakamalla, Rae-Anne Kastle, Salman Muqeet, Amer Abboud

Student Publications

Gallbladder adenocarcinoma is an uncommon gastrointestinal malignancy that is frequently discovered incidentally during cholecystectomy. Intraoperative frozen section is often used to guide surgical decision-making but has inherent limitations, particularly in assessing depth of invasion. We report the case of a 78-year-old female who underwent an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for a gallbladder mass. Intraoperative frozen section demonstrated a tubulovillous adenoma with at least carcinoma in situ. Subsequent permanent histologic evaluation revealed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma invading the hepatic-side perimuscular connective tissue, consistent with pT2b disease. Despite the advanced T stage, the tumor exhibited several relatively favorable histologic features, including negative margins …

Persistent Health Inequalities Over 20 Years Among Adults With Intellectual Disabilities Who Display Behaviours That Challenge: Evidence From English Primary Care Records, Memta Jagtiani, Aws Sadik, Louise Marston, Shoumitro Deb, Dheeraj Rai, Bhathika Perera, Rohit Shankar, Juliette A. O’Connell, Angela Hassiotis

Peninsula Medical School

BackgroundAdults with intellectual disabilities who display behaviours that challenge (BtC) are more prone to poor health.AimsThis study seeks to evidence the long-term health outcomes for those who display BtC.MethodWe conducted a longitudinal cohort study of adults with intellectual disabilities aged ≥18 years in England, using data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum (January 2003 to December 2023) linked to Hospital Episode Statistics and Office for National Statistics. Main outcome measures were annual health checks, general practitioner referrals, emergency visits, out-patient attendance, in-patient admissions and mortality.ResultsAmong 83 166 adults with intellectual disabilities (mean age 38.6 years), 18.5% had a record …

Origin And Age Of Fluvioglacial Sediments On Staten Island Ny And Implications For Meltwater Flow, Jane L. Alexander, Victoria Rivelli, Sean T. Thatcher

Publications and Research

In the northeastern United States, sediments related to the expansion and contraction of the Laurentide ice sheet have been extensively mapped throughout New England, as well as in New Jersey and on Long Island. However, linking these deposits around New York City is challenging due to the extensive urbanization. Staten Island is less developed than the other boroughs of New York City, however outcrops of rock and surface sediment are limited, making interpretation of its geologic history challenging. When small areas of sediment are temporarily exposed, they can be used to improve our understanding of sediment erosion and deposition over …

A Goal Programming Approach For Finding The Best Compromise Solution Of Multiobjective Linear Programming Under Neutrosophic Environment, Sultan S. Alodhaibi, Hamiden Abd El- Wahed Khalifa

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Decision problems often involve multiple objectives that conflict, making simultaneous optimization impossible. These problems require trade-offs to achieve a solution that balances the competing goals. In this paper, the detailed discussion that is related to linear programming (SVTrNFMOLP) with single valued trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers is made. Furthermore, this study deals with all the related parameters and discussion. As rank function and due to its definition, the SVTrNFMOLP is transformed in the crisp MOLP. It is noticed that goal programming is best to get the best compromise solution. The advantages of the proposed approach are: The use of Tr allows the …

On Some Properties Of Generalised Regular Anti-Topological Space, Bhimraj Basumatary, Gugu Narzary, Jeevan Krishna Khaklary

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

This article studies Regular Anti-open sets and Generalised Regular Anti-open sets within a topological framework, addressing the limited development of anti-open structures in generalised topology. We introduce Regular Anti-open sets and establish their fundamental properties. The study is extended by defining Generalised Regular Anti-open sets, providing a broader and more flexible class of sets. Furthermore, the notions of GR-interior and GR-closure are introduced and analyzed, and their essential properties are obtained. The results contribute to a clearer understanding of generalized anti-open structures and provide a basis for further research in topology.

Optimization Of A Multi-Item Supply Chain Model With Shortages Under Parametric Type-2 Interval Environments, Sourav Kumar Kumar Giri, Totan Garai, Sahidul Islam, Haridas Mondal, Shariful Alam

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Modern supply chain systems frequently operate in environments where demand, costs and inventory-related parameters are uncertain and difficult to estimate accurately. These uncertainties become more critical in multi-objective decision-making situations, where decision makers must simultaneously balance several conflicting goals. Conventional optimization techniques often fail to represent the ambiguity and vagueness present in practical decision environments. To overcome these limitations, this study develops a multi-item supply chain model for a single supplier and a single buyer by incorporating Type-2 interval representations into the modelling framework. The proposed approach introduces a structured set of arithmetic operations for Type-2 intervals to manage uncertain …

Classes Of Analytic Functions Defined By Salagean Derivative Operator Associated With Neutrosophic Generalized Poisson Distribution, Soliu O. Opeyemi Okunola, Olushola Adeyemo, Sayo A. Abidemi Gbangbala, Folorunso I. Isola Akinwale

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

This study introduces and analyses new subclasses of analytic functions by applying the Salagean derivative operator to the Neutrosophic Generalized Poisson Distribution (NGPD) series. We develop a model where the mean parameter is treated as an interval or set to account for indeterminacy in complex systems. By employing Stirling numbers of the second kind and decreasing factorials, we derive necessary and sufficient coefficient inequalities and inclusion relations for these new subclasses. Numerical results and graphical illustrations demonstrate the sensitivity of these functions to orientation and the neutrosophic parameter, providing a framework for applications in fields like medical imaging and network …

Isometric Force Characterization Of Braided Pneumatic Actuators, Ben Bolen, Mohammad Elzein, Lawrence Pang, Alexander Hunt

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Artificial muscles such as braided pneumatic actuators (BPAs) offer many advantages for robotic systems, including high durability and strength-to-weight ratios. However, their use in robotic systems is still extremely limited, in part due to their poor force, length, and pressure characterization. In this work, a test setup is created to compare force produced by Festo fluidic BPAs with leading models. Our analysis of the data has resulted in (1) the development of new equations to calculate force as functions of pressure and contraction for Festo BPAs with uninflated diameters of 10 mm and 20 mm, and (2) a novel equation …

To Be Closer, Sarah Moschel Miller

LSU Master's Theses

to be closer explores the intersection of yearning and unease. This series of works uses the visual language of the body and its thresholds to explore how each of us builds interpersonal relationships and understandings of self. Pulling from abjection theory, the abject comes from the internal becoming external, the crossing of a bodily or personal threshold. My sculptures, vessels, and prints translate the visual language of the border of the body into a discussion of emotional ones. to be closer uses these corporeal thresholds and the language of the uncanny as vehicles to discuss the crossing of emotional …

Smartdesk: Automatic Ticket Classification And Resolution Prediction Using Data Analytics, Danarir Almuhairi

Theses

Public and service-oriented organizations increasingly rely on digital ticketing systems to manage large volumes of citizen and customer requests. Despite this, many ticket management processes remain partially manual, leading to delays in case routing, inefficient resource allocation, and inconsistent resolution times. These challenges can negatively impact service quality, operational efficiency, and user satisfaction, particularly in large-scale public sector environments. This study proposes SmartDesk, a data-driven framework for automatic ticket classification and resolution time prediction using data analytics and natural language processing (NLP) techniques. The research leverages publicly available helpdesk and service ticket datasets to simulate real-world service environments where incoming …

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: A Review, Caique M Ternes, Jitae A Kim, Anirban Basu, Kenneth A Ellenbogen, Mihail G Chelu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Importance: Heart failure (HF) affects more than 64 million individuals worldwide, and acute HF is associated with 1-year mortality rates of 23.6% in North America and Europe. Cardiac dyssynchrony from conduction system disease may cause HF progression, particularly in patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction.

Observations: Electrical dyssynchrony in HF most commonly presents as left bundle-branch block and affects 20% to 30% of patients with reduced LV ejection fraction (LVEF). Cardiac resynchronization therapy, which includes biventricular pacing and conduction system pacing, restores synchronous ventricular contraction and is recommended for patients with symptomatic HF despite optimal medical therapy, LVEF of …

Integrating Social Determinants Of Health And Temporal Patterns With Wastewater-Based Drug Surveillance In El Paso, Texas, Arav Wijesinghe

Summer Research Program Abstracts

No abstract provided.

Benchmarking Genome Choice In Functional Genomics Analyses, Juan F Macias-Velasco, Xiaoyu Zhuo, Chad Tomlinson, Eddie A Belter, Milinn Kremitzki, Derek Albracht, Tina Lindsay, Xiaoyun Xing, Nina Tekkey, Wenjin Zhang, John E Garza, Zheng Xu, Zilan Xin, Qichen Fu, Heather A Lawson, Nathan O Stitziel, Robert S Fulton, Daofeng Li, Human Pangenome Reference Consortium, Ting Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The human genome reference established a shared coordinate system for genome function, but it is incomplete and not fully representative of human diversity. Here, we benchmark how genome representation and corresponding analytical frameworks for each representation shape functional genomics using chromatin accessibility sequencing (ATAC-seq), RNA sequencing, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, and chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) data from lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from five individuals with fully phased genome assemblies. We compare results across hg38, CHM13, the draft human pangenome, and each individual's maternal and paternal assemblies. Because current pipelines and quality control conventions are tuned to hg38, several of these comparisons …

Efficacy And Safety Of Avapritinib In Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis: 4-Year Follow-Up Of The Pathfinder Study, Jason Gotlib, Stephen T Oh, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Advanced systemic mastocytosis (AdvSM), a clonal hematologic neoplasm driven predominantly by D816V-mutant KIT, is often characterized by organ damage. Associated hematologic neoplasms (AHNs; usually myeloid) are often present, leading to poor survival. We report on the oral, highly selective, potent KIT D816V inhibitor avapritinib (200 mg once daily, starting dose) with >4 years follow-up from the fully enrolled PATHFINDER study. End points included overall response rate (ORR; primary), duration of response (DOR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), changes in objective biomarkers of disease, and safety (all secondary). Of 107 patients with AdvSM (including 71 [66%] with SM-AHN; overall population …

Isg15 Negatively Regulates Ripk3-Mediated Cell Death And Viral Pathogenesis, Yi-Chieh Perng, Jessica M C Warsaw, Sachendra S Bais, Bradley E Hiller, Marissa C Locke, David J Morales-Heil, Chaoqun Li, Alissa R Young, Kristen J Monte, Robert E Schmidt, Douglas R Green, Yi-Nan Gong, Deborah J Lenschow

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Necroptosis, a form of programmed, inflammatory necrosis, plays an important role in viral-host defense and inflammation. The receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3)/mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) pathway mediates necroptosis. Yet, the mechanisms that control necroptosis to limit immunopathology are poorly understood. Here, we report that interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) negatively regulates RIPK3-mediated cell death, including necroptosis, and limits immunopathology during chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection. ISG15-deficient mice infected with CHIKV display increased levels of necroptosis, resulting in elevated proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production, leading to increased lethality. This dysregulated host response is fully prevented when MLKL or RIPK3 is ablated …

Comprehensive Mass Spectrometry Screening-Derived Atlas Of Hdac Inhibitors Reveals Histone-Specific Acetylation Changes, Rashmi Karki, Francisca N De Luna Vitorino, Richard M Searfoss, Joanna K Lempiäinen, Cheryl H Arrowsmith, Benjamin A Garcia

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) have emerged as valuable therapeutics for cancer and other diseases; however, their effects on histone post-translational modification remain poorly characterized. Here, we applied quantitative mass spectrometry and high-throughput sequencing to systematically profile site-specific changes in histone modifications in response to a panel of HDACis. This platform enabled mapping of histone modification changes across hundreds of sites, including low-abundance histone marks. Furthermore, an integrative analysis of chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data identified genome-wide binding sites for the low-abundance histone modification of H2A.Z acetylation in HeLa and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, highlighting the …

Patterns Of Care And Clinical Outcomes In Systemic Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma: The Leo-Mer Prospective Cohort Study, Jia Ruan, Neha Mehta-Shah, Brad Kahl, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Few prospective benchmark studies exist to characterize the evolving contemporary real-world practice for peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). We report the patterns of first-line care and outcomes for 720 patients with systemic PTCL enrolled in 2 related prospective cohort studies, Lymphoma Epidemiology of Outcomes (LEO) from 2015 to 2020 and Molecular Epidemiology Resource (MER) from 2002 to 2015, both followed to 2024. The primary end points were event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) using Kaplan-Meier estimator and Cox regression model. Secondary end points included correlations of clinical and treatment factors with survival. The most common induction regimens were CHOP (cyclophosphamide, …

Real-World Evidence For Pembrolizumab Gemcitabine Vinorelbine And Liposomal Doxorubicin In Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma, Grace Baek, Nancy L Bartlett, Marcus Watkins, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Migrainous Thoracalgia In A Patient With Chronic Migraine And Coronary Vasospasm: A Case Report, Dean Zeldich, Victor S. Wang, Cyril David, Clinton Lauritsen, Claire E.J. Ceriani

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Migrainous thoracalgia (MT) refers to chest pain (CP) potentially arising from a neurologic etiology, often temporally linked to migraine. We present a 57-year-old woman with chronic migraine who developed recurrent CP typically following migraine attacks. Despite multiple cardiac evaluations, including cardiac MRI and catheterizations, she was diagnosed with fibromuscular dysplasia, spontaneous coronary artery dissection, and coronary microvascular disease. Her CP partially responded to nitroglycerin and improved modestly with migraine control using ubrogepant and calcium channel blockers. During admission for refractory migraine, she received intravenous lidocaine, magnesium, ketorolac, and neuroleptics, resulting in several months of CP remission despite brief migraine relief. …