Digital Commons Network^™

Congestion Pricing And Traffic Safety: Evidence From New York City, Mirella Charros

Theses and Dissertations

This paper examines the impact of congestion pricing on motor vehicle collisions in New York City. Using a spatial difference-in-differences approach, the study finds evidence of increased collisions near the congestion boundary, suggesting potential spillover effects and changes in traffic patterns following policy implementation.

Evaluation Of Remote Sensing Data For Roadway Flood Detection, William C. Donaldson

Honors Capstone Projects and Theses

No abstract provided.

A Methodology For Space-Based Lightning Risk Assessment, Drew Early

Honors Capstone Projects and Theses

No abstract provided.

Under The Influence: Why The Federal Government Should Implement A Tier System For Drunk Drivers, Maycie Bloom

University of Florida Journal of Law & Public Policy

Drunk driving persists as a serious problem in the United States, claiming thousands of lives every year. Although the drunk driving fatality rate decreased following advancements in federal drunk driving legislation during the 1990s, after decades of remaining unchanged, the drunk driving fatality rate has increased in recent years. The increase in drunk driving fatalities has been associated, in part, with an increase in drunk driving recidivism, a phenomenon that is closely linked to alcoholism and poses a serious problem for the community. Individuals who suffer from alcoholism often develop higher tolerances, which can lead to overconsumption and a diminished …

"Smart" Cities And Due Care With Emerging Technologies, Anthony J. Luppino

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

The rapid development of increasingly powerful technologies presents new opportunities to produce public benefits, as exemplified by the “Smart Cities” movement. Conversely, emerging technologies pose significant threats to public safety and individual rights, as evidenced by high-profile cyberattacks and other technology-related incidents, and in warnings issued by some Artificial Intelligence experts. This article examines the responsibilities of local governments in the United States as users of technology and as regulators of uses by other actors—arguing that they have a duty of care, traceable to the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution, to act diligently in that dual role whether or not …

Revocation Reconsidered: Probation Advocacy Through A Litigation Lens, Shira Diner

The University of New Hampshire Law Review

Being found in violation of probation has dire consequences. The person found in violation can be imprisoned, upending them from their job, family, and community. Unlike incarceration after a criminal trial, a sentence after a violation of probation is not the result of a legal process characterized by robust due process protections. It is also often not the result of a forceful and thorough defense. It is instead the consequence of a hearing where lawyers with the fixed mindset of an inevitable finding of a violation don’t engage in the same preparation that they would if it was a trial. …

Immigrants: Neighbors Or Strangers? An Analysis On Christian Thought And Immigration, Mariah G. Rivera

Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects

This thesis examines the relationship between Christian thought and perspectives on immigration in the United States, particularly in the context of the current Trump administration, which is focusing heavily on restrictive immigration policies. It explores the historical relationship between religion and government through government commissions, as well as changes in key immigration policies such as the “sensitive locations” guidelines affecting enforcement at and near places of worship. Drawing on biblical scripture, the thesis identifies key themes of loving the stranger, assisting the vulnerable, and obeying governing authorities, all of which inform Christian interpretations of immigration.

Through analysis of national and …

A Case Study On Using Large Language Models To Drive Convergence-Oriented Literature Discovery In Critical Infrastructure Security, Caden J. Williamson

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

In the world of cybersecurity, the rapid development of artificial intelligence proposes a constant challenge for researchers to defend critical infrastructure. Attacks on critical infrastructure can be catastrophic, and emerging strategies of cyber-adversaries that implement leading AI models can expose vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure much faster than previous tools. To defend against this emerging threat, the Cybersecurity Research Working Group at the University of Arkansas is aiming to develop a cross-domain and cross-discipline center of excellence. To support this effort, the group is writing a literature review on the topics of AI and critical systems security. Literature review is an …

Supporting Reentry In Higher Education: A Case Management Model For Justice-Impacted Students, Yefry S. Mata Diaz

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Formerly incarcerated students in Monterey County face real barriers like housing instability, lack of basic needs, and limited coordinated support, which makes it harder to stay in school and increases the risk of recidivism. This capstone project, implemented through Project Rebound at California State University Monterey Bay (CSUMB) in partnership with Bridges Community Services, focused on improving reentry outcomes for justice-impacted students. The project introduced a liaison-based case management model that included outreach, intake assessments, warm referrals, and ongoing mentorship to connect students to campus and community resources. The project served formerly incarcerated and system-impacted CSUMB students dealing with challenges …

Empowering Women Journalists’ Preparedness: An Evaluation Of Hostile Environment First Aid Training (Hefat) And Its Implementation In Academic Journalism Programs, Vanessa Charlot

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This Dissertation in Practice examines the potential integration of gender-sensitive Hostile Environment and First Aid Training (HEFAT) into journalism education to enhance the preparedness of women journalists for high-risk reporting contexts. Manuscript I investigates existing gaps in curricula, highlighting the distinct physical, psychological, and ethical risks encountered by women in hostile environments. Manuscript II outlines a framework for qualitatively evaluating an adapted HEFAT program, considering how identity-informed and trauma-sensitive approaches might strengthen student safety, resilience, and ethical decision-making. Manuscript III explores leadership strategies for implementing inclusive, trauma-informed HEFAT curricula, emphasizing reflexive practice and self-authorship as mechanisms for fostering transformative, equity-driven …

Vaccines, Religious Liberty, And The Gvr As Doctrinal Signal, Zalman Rothschild

Articles

This Essay proceeds in four Parts. Part I traces the doctrinal baseline, showing that vaccines have long functioned as the limit case for religious liberty. Part II briefly describes the doctrinal changes of the COVID-19 era — the Supreme Court’s expansion of religious equality doctrine, and its emergency-docket denials that left vaccine mandates formally unresolved — before explaining why the GVR in Miller signals a different move: the extension of the religious liberty framework to vaccine mandates, bypassing the comparability analysis that had allowed most courts to sustain them under the equality model. Part III turns to Miller itself and …

Federalism, Fragmentation, And The Limits Of Universal Welfare In The United States: A Comparative Analysis Of Germany And Sweden, Jacqueline Arena

Political Science

This paper examines why the United States welfare state struggles to achieve universal social protection, focusing on the role of federalism, political ideology, and public opinion. It argues that the U.S. welfare state is structurally fragmented due to the division of authority between federal and state governments, which produces uneven, inconsistent, and often inadequate access to social benefits. This fragmentation is rooted in historical developments, including New Deal era political compromises, racialized policy exclusions, and resistance from organized interest groups, which embedded decentralization and inequality into the system’s foundation. Using Gøsta Esping-Andersen’s welfare regime typology and T.H. Marshall’s concept of …

Low-Cost Rf Exposure Monitoring With Tinyml Prediction, Sanad Sahawneh

Nanoscale Science & Engineering (discontinued with class year 2014)

The proliferation of wireless technologies has produced a dense, increasingly heterogeneous radio-frequency (RF) environment that surrounds modern life. While regulatory bodies such as the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) maintain exposure guidelines, the tools that ordinary people, educators, and small institutions can use to actually observe RF exposure in their own spaces remain expensive, specialized, and largely confined to professional laboratories. Spectrum analyzers and calibrated field probes routinely cost between five hundred and one hundred thousand dollars per unit, placing continuous local monitoring out of reach for most environments where exposure questions are most natural …

The Impact Of Career And Technical Education Teacher Certification Preparation Programs On Student Industry-Based Certification Examinations, Kaneesha Chameka Celestin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Career and Technical Education (CTE) programs are designed to prepare students for high-wage, high-demand industry jobs. However, there is limited research on Career and Technical Education teacher preparation programs (traditional, alternative, and industry-based) and the impact on student outcomes on industry-based examinations, such as ACT WorkKeys. This quantitative study analyzed Career and Technical Education (CTE) teacher preparation programs (traditional, alternative, and industry-based) and 12th -grade students’ outcomes on the 2023-2024 ACT WorkKeys examination and whether relationships exist between the two. Additionally, the research examined each Career and Technical Education teacher certification preparation program individually to determine the differences among traditional, …

Is Bruen The New Usery?, Tonja Jacobi, Cory Conley

William & Mary Law Review

In 2022, in New York State Rifle & Pistol Ass’n v. Bruen, the Supreme Court revolutionized the Second Amendment, achieving the long-held conservative goal of limiting gun restrictions by imposing an expansive, originalist view of the right to bear arms. However, within just three years, Bruen is showing cracks. Lower court judges are struggling mightily to apply it and are expressing their frustrations in exceptionally frank ways. And already the Supreme Court, in Rahimi v. United States, was forced to reconsider its approach. The Court has been here before, when it tried to revitalize the Tenth Amendment in …

Right (Or Wrong) To Bear Arms: Regional-Campus Women Students' Perceptions Of Campus Carry, Daniel Christian

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Campus carry legislation remains one of the most contested higher education policy issues in the United States, particularly in states where concealed carry permit holders may legally carry firearms on public college campuses. Although prior research has included women as one of many demographics, there is a dearth of scholarship that focuses on college women exclusively to investigate their response to campus carry. This gap is concerning given documented gender differences in attitudes toward gun policy and the disproportionate impact of sexual violence and safety concerns on women in collegiate settings.

To fill a gap in the literature, the proposed …

Systemic Barriers To Behavioral Health Treatment Access For Undocumented Immigrants And Implications For Recidivism In California, Devina I. Aparicio

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Undocumented individuals face significant barriers to accessing mental health and substance use treatment, contributing to increased recidivism rates in Monterey County, California. The purpose of this capstone project was to identify the specific barriers undocumented immigrants encounter when seeking these services and to inform strategies that improve access and reduce recidivism. This project focused on clients served by the Monterey County Public Defender’s Office of Holistic Defense. A qualitative approach was used, incorporating research and interviews with community providers, including the Monterey County Public Defender’s Office of Holistic Defense, Sun Street Centers, Monterey County Behavioral Health, and the County of …

Improving And Maintaining Public Trust In Law Enforcement: A Qualitative Case Study Of The Northville Township Police Department, Christopher Bachand

Master of Public Administration Capstone Papers

Public trust is a key component of effective law enforcement. While historically cyclical, trust in American law enforcement agencies has trended downward in recent years following several high-profile use of force incidents. In response, many agencies have begun incorporating new theories and models into their policies and procedures aimed at increasing public trust. This capstone paper draws upon the relevant literature surrounding these theories and conducts a qualitative case study of the Northville Township Police Department. This agency consistently achieved above-average levels of confidence from its community members by incorporating these theories using a hybrid-synthesis policy implementation approach. This paper …

Public Safety Policy In Michigan’S Rural Upper Peninsula: Collective Efficacy, Youth Engagement, And Prevention, Christopher J. Reynolds

Master of Public Administration Capstone Papers

Rural communities in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula face unique public safety concerns due to resource limitations and geographic isolation. Small townships and cities lack sufficient funding and personnel to respond effectively to emergencies across large land areas. By building stronger families and communities, rural areas can prevent public safety concerns through preventative strategies, rather than reactive strategies that focus on incarceration. Through strengthening social networks and providing programs for youth to build leadership skills and good character, public safety will become a part of daily life in rural areas and not just a reaction to negative situations.

Advanced Integrated Practice: Holding Complexity With Integrity, Brittany Heather Mattfeld

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

This professional portfolio presents an integrated approach to social work practice that holds systems-level analysis alongside relational, client-centered engagement. Drawing from graduate coursework, residential youth work, and applied program development, it examines how policy, power, and institutional structures shape lived experience within child welfare and juvenile justice systems. This work challenges the assumption that systems operate neutrally, highlighting how practices such as “voluntary” services may be experienced as coercive in application. Across core competencies—ethical practice, trauma-informed engagement, assessment and intervention, policy practice, research-informed practice, and interdisciplinary collaboration—the portfolio emphasizes that meaningful change occurs not only through structural reform, but through …

Latino Men’S Experience Of Dui Conviction In Imperial County: A Narrative Theory Approach, Jhonathan Fajardo

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

According to California Department of Justice data, Latino drivers accounted for the largest share of any racial or ethnic group for Driving Under the Influence (DUI) arrests. Latino men are disproportionately affected by DUI arrests and alcohol-related harms in California, yet little is known about how they themselves understand and navigate life after a DUI. This study examines Latino men’s narratives of life before, during, and after a DUI conviction. Prior scholarship has largely relied on quantitative data to show that Latino men are overrepresented in DUI statistics. What remains underexplored are Latino men’s first-person, culturally grounded narratives of what …

Culture, Context, And Change: How California Community Colleges Counseling Units Interpret And Enact Transformation, James A. Grabow

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

This study examines how practitioners experience and implement transfer-related reforms within the California Community College (CCC) system. Guided by sensemaking theory (Eddy, 21013) and organizational change frameworks (Kezar, 2014), this qualitative intrinsic case study explores how administrators, counselors, and student services professionals interpret and enact statewide transfer policies within a single institutional context. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with seven participants and analyzed using thematic analysis.

Findings reveal that policy implementation is a complex, non-linear process shaped by three primary factors: sensemaking and communication, organizational structures, and human and relational dynamics. Participants described navigating information overload, inconsistent messaging, and …

Racial Disparities In Sentencing Across The United States: A Regression Analysis, Katlyn Moreno

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Background: Mass incarceration has been a serious social problem in the United States with millions of people under the supervision of the criminal justice system. This problem is even more challenging for minority populations with African-Americans, Hispanics, and other minority racial groups experiencing harsher punishment than their non-minority counterparts. Previous research on this topic is limited in scope and methodology. Purpose: This study will fill a gap in the literature by comparing sentencing lengths among racial groups in the United States. It was hypothesized that racial minorities (African-American and Hispanic offenders will receive lengthier sentencing as compared to their counterparts …

Extreme Precipitation Events And Population Exposure: Site Recommendations For The Future Tennessee Mesonet, Victoria G. Redlund

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examines frequency of and population exposure to extreme rainfall events in Tennessee to guide the placement of future mesonet weather stations. Using 1991-2021 daily nClimGrid precipitation records, extreme events were defined as events of rainfall ≥50 mm. These events were collated on an annual scale and normalized alongside square-root-scaled population densities derived from Landscan to develop extreme rainfall vulnerability maps. Results highlight where extreme rainfall is most frequent relative to population densities in each county. The findings were compared with models of mesonet suitability and feasibility to determine how meteorological needs correlate with siting needs such as land …

Redeveloping Mississippi: A Case Study On Brownfields In Central & Southern Mississippi, Sahrah R. Yeroozedek

Master's Theses

Brownfields, or properties that are or possibly are contaminated with dangerous materials, represent a common obstacle for communities in Mississippi. The real or potential presence of contaminants at these sites often deters investors due to costly cleanup requirements (EPA, n.d. -b). The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), through its Brownfield Revitalization Program, implemented guidelines for covering the costs and labor associated with the remediation of these properties. The EPA is not, however, responsible for redevelopment that supports long-term environmental and economic sustainability. Although the EPA maintains inventories of all Brownfields, there is also no comprehensive database of Brownfields and their current …

Mass Incarceration And The Psychological And Social Impacts On Black And Latino Families, Ofelia Godina, Tamara Winegardner, Erika Cabrera

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

Mass incarceration will have profound and disproportionate effects on Black and Latino families in the United States, extending beyond the incarcerated individual to impact family functioning, emotional well-being, and access to support systems. Rooted in structural racism and inequitable criminal justice policies, mass incarceration will contribute to long-standing social and economic disparities that will continue to shape the lived experiences of marginalized communities. This study will explore the psychological and social impacts of incarceration on Black and Latino families, with particular attention to emotional distress, family relationships, stigma, and resilience. Using a qualitative research design, the study will employ semi-structured …

Low-Income And Student Success: California Community College Baccalaureate Degree: A Phenomenological Research, Adolfo Espinoza

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

California Community Colleges (CCC) were authorized to offer baccalaureate degree programs to address workforce demands and expand access to affordable bachelor’s degrees. The purpose of this study was to explore the academic, social, and institutional factors that contributed to the success of low-income students enrolled in CCC Baccalaureate Degree Programs (BDPs) and to examine the strategies faculty and administrators implemented to support their academic achievement.

This qualitative phenomenological study was guided by the Four-Capital Framework developed by Mason and Poyatos Matas (2015). Data were collected through structured interviews with faculty and administrators working in CCC BDPs in which 50 percent …

Countering Anti-Immigrant Narratives: Promoting Socio-Emotional Well-Being Through Familism, Counter-Storytelling, And Community Building In Latinx Family Workshops, Sitlaly Irais Jimenez Preciado

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

In recent decades, the United States has seen a growing anti-immigration climate marked by restrictive policies, racialized political rhetoric, and public discourse targeting immigrant communities. This environment has heightened fear, discrimination, and exclusion for immigrant families, especially those of Latinx origin, affecting daily life in schools, healthcare, and community spaces (Caballero et al., 2022; Roche et al., 2021). These families experience socio-emotional challenges, including anxiety, depression, and fear, alongside barriers to social and health services.

While research documents the harmful effects of anti-immigration policies and rhetoric on Latinx families, few interventions focus on protective factors that help Latinx families navigate …

Trauma-Informed Approaches In Correctional Settings, Mahlet T. Habtemeskel

Dissertations, Theses, and Projects

Trauma‑informed care (TIC) has become an important framework for understanding and responding to the needs of incarcerated individuals, who experience disproportionately high rates of childhood adversity, interpersonal violence, and systemic trauma. Research has shown that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) early victimization shapes individual behavior patterns, justice system involvement, and emotional regulation (Ratcliff et al., 2025; Marotta, 2022). Traditional correctional models rooted in punishment, control, and surveillance often repeat the dynamics of past trauma, exacerbating emotional dysregulation, behavioral challenges, and recidivism (Desai, 2019; Slovinsky, 2023). This thesis examines the theoretical foundations, implementation strategies, and outcomes of trauma‑informed approaches in correctional settings …

Intelligent Surveillance For Weapon Threat Detection: Transformer-Based Detection And Segmentation Using Thermal And Rgb Imagery, Akhila Kambhatla

Dissertations

Proactive public-safety surveillance requires deep learning systems that can detect and segment weapons reliably under real-world conditions. This research develops and evaluates a progressive, multi-phase pipeline that moves (i) from RGB object detection to pixel-level semantic segmentation and (ii) from visible-spectrum cameras to thermal imagery to improve robustness under low-light, clutter, and occlusion. Early phases establish strong detection baselines using one-stage and two-stage detectors (YOLOv5 and Faster R-CNN) for multi-class weapon localization, followed by practical optimization through pruning and ensembling to reduce false positives and computational overhead while maintaining real-time feasibility. Building on the limitations of bounding-box localization, the methodology …