Digital Commons Network^™

Hawks' Herald -- Nov. 2, 2017, Roger Williams University

Hawk's Herald

No abstract provided.

Constructing Recidivism Risk, Jessica Eaglin

AI-DR Collection

Courts increasingly use actuarial—meaning statistically derived—information about a defendant’s likelihood of engaging in criminal behavior in the future at sentencing. This Article examines how developers construct the tools that predict recidivism risk. It exposes the numerous choices that developers make during tool construction with serious consequences to sentencing law and policy. These design decisions require normative judgments concerning accuracy, equality, and the purpose of punishment. Whether and how to address these concerns reflects societal values about the administration of criminal justice more broadly. Currently, developers make these choices in the absence of law, even as they face distinct interests that …

Weather Communication On Twitter: Identifying Popular Content And Optimal Warning Format Via Case Studies And A Survey Analysis, Joshua D. Eachus

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The use of Twitter as a channel for weather information inspires a deeper analysis of key information nodes during episodes of high impact weather, especially local meteorologists. To optimize communication on the channel, it is important to understand what kinds of messages produce exposure and attention among users—which translates to knowledge that could improve the reach of a warning. Literature identifies two key models that well describe the cognitive processing of tweets and warnings. The Protective Action Decision Model (PADM) describes risk perception and the factors that enable or disable one from acting on a warning. Particularly through environmental and …

The Cowl - V.82 - N.8 - Nov 2, 2017

The Cowl

The Cowl - student newspaper of Providence College. Volume 82, Number 8 - November 2, 2017. 20 pages.

Evaluation Of The 2015 Dod Cyber Strategy: Mild Progress In A Complex And Dynamic Military Domain, Jeffrey L. Caton

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

In 2011, the Department of Defense (DoD) released its Strategy for Operating in Cyberspace, which officially recognized cyberspace as an operational domain akin to the traditional military domains of land, sea, air, and space. This monograph examines the 2015 DoD Cyber Strategy to evaluate how well its five strategic goals and associated implementation objectives define an actionable strategy to achieve three primary missions in cyberspace: defend the DoD network, defend the United States and its interests, and develop cyber capabilities to support military operations. This monograph focuses on events and documents from the period of about 1 year before and …

The Catholic Lawyer: Justice And Incarceration, John M. Breen

The Catholic Lawyer

No abstract provided.

Today - November 2017, Loma Linda University Health

TODAY

Inside this issue:

-- Loma Linda University Cancer Center receives 2017 ACCC Innovator Award

-- Modern Healthcare recognizes Angela Lalas as 2017 Up and Comer

-- Liver transplant program director Dr. Michael Volk named “2017 Healthcare Visionary”

-- Business incubator lands second research grant

-- Pathologists’ Assistant Program receives excellent accreditation summation

-- Martha Green’s surprising announcement during fundraiser for Children’s Hospital

-- Seeds of Hope event focuses on erasing stigma of mental illness, Recording Artist Michelle Williams visits Loma Linda University Health, shares her advocacy for mental health causes

-- Study finds new benefit for consuming nuts, Including nuts …

2017 Youth Recidivism: Diversion To Discharge In Maine's Juvenile Justice System, Robyn Dumont, Erica King Msw

Justice Policy

This report summarizes research that examined data for youth involved with the Maine Juvenile Justice System who were diverted, supervised, or released from commitment for the first time from 2010 to 2014. The report describes the cohorts of youth demographically, reviews trends, explores risk levels and length of stay, and examines recidivism and returns to a facility. This research shows that fewer youth are entering the system and that more of those who do are quickly and successfully diverted. It shows that youth supervised in the community are decreasing in risk level and offense severity and that the majority do …

An Avoidable Conundrum: How American Indian Legislation Unnecessarily Forces Tribal Governments To Choose Between Cultural Preservation And Women's Vindication, Catherine M. Redlingshafer

Notre Dame Law Review

This Note makes two arguments concerning the state of American Indian legislation, and then proposes an alternative. First, this Note argues that the recently enacted legislation regarding criminal justice in American Indian societies will work to encourage cultural assimilation and result in the loss of tribal traditions and autonomy. In effect, the legislation is putting tribes in an impossible position: it is unfairly coercing them to choose between (1) the preservation of their own culture and customs, and (2) the ability to prosecute those victimizing their members. Second, this Note argues that even if a tribe decides to risk its …

Free Speech And The Confluence Of National Security And Internet Exceptionalism, Alan K. Chen

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

As many scholars have recognized, the Supreme Court has not infrequently skewed free speech doctrine in times of war or heightened concerns, real or perceived, about national security. Many reasons have been suggested for this sort of national security exceptionalism. Courts may be uncomfortable shaping long-standing constitutional rules because they may not have full access to the information on which government decisions are based. There may also be concerns about the courts’ institutional competence. At the same time, courts similarly may feel the need to adjust speech doctrine in reaction to rapid technological advances. Like national security threats, emerging technologies …

Raps Sheet, November 2017, Retirement Association Of Portland State

RAPS Sheet: Monthly Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Can Community Policing Increase Residents' Informal Social Control? Testing The Impact Of The Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy, Robert M. Lombardo, Chistopher M. Donner

Criminal Justice & Criminology: Faculty Publications & Other Works

This study examines whether community policing can build informal social control. Specifically, this paper assesses the impact of the Chicago Alternative Policing Strategy (CAPS) in Chicago neighborhoods. The data for this research are drawn from both the Community Survey of the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN) and the CAPS Prototype Panel Survey. Bivariate and multivariate methods are used to analyze data gathered from 8782 residents nested within 343 neighborhood clusters. Initially, community policing was found to increase informal social control, but this effect was rendered non-significant after controlling for theoretically and empirically relevant variables. Several social (dis)organization …

John Jay Psc Advocate, Issue 2, John Jay College, Psc Chapter, Professional Staff Congress/City University Of New York

Reports and Publications from John Jay College

Newsletter of the John Jay College Chapter of the Professional Staff Congress of CUNY (PSC-CUNY). Issue #2,

Administrative Dissents, Sharon B. Jacobs

William & Mary Law Review

Commissioners, like judges, dissent. They do so at length, with vigor, and with persistence. Yet while separate judicial decisions are the subject of a rich literature, their administrative counterparts have long languished in obscurity. A closer look is warranted, however, because studying administrative dissent can enhance our understanding of internal agency operations as well as the relationships between agencies and other actors. This Article presents the results of an original review of separate statements at the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission dating back four decades. It uses these findings to move beyond two common generalizations about …

Class Notes

DePaul Magazine

Brief items about DePaul alumni and the events in their lives.

Entertaining Satan: Why We Tolerate Terrorist Incitement, Andrew Koppelman

Fordham Law Review

Words are dangerous. That is why governments sometimes want to suppress speech. The law of free speech reflects a settled decision that, at the time that law was adopted, the dangers were worth tolerating. But people keep dreaming up nasty new things to do with speech. Recently, the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and other terrorist organizations have employed a small army of Iagos on the internet to recruit new instruments of destruction. Some of what they have posted is protected speech under present First Amendment law. In response, scholars have suggested that there should be some new …

How Elonis Failed To Clarify The Analysis Of "True Threats" In Social Media Cases And The Subsequent Need For Congressional Response, Jessica L. Opila

Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review

Social media and other internet communications have altered the way people communicate with one another, including the way people threaten one another. In 2015, the United States Supreme Court decided Elonis v. United States, which imposed a heightened mental state requirement for federal prosecutions of threats issued in interstate commerce. Although the statute, 18 U.S.C. § 875(c), has no mental state requirement, the Supreme Court held that, consistent with the principles of criminal law, only those with guilty minds should be convicted and thus some showing of subjective intent is required. The opinion did not name the requisite mental …

The Oversimplification Of Deregulation: A Case Study On Clinical Decision Support Software, Deeva V. Shah

Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review

Until the December 2016 passage of the Cures Act, the FDA had regulatory power over clinical decision support (CDS) software; however, the Act removed a large group of CDS software from the FDA’s statutory authority. Congressional intent was to increase innovation by removing regulatory blockades—such as device testing and certification—from the FDA’s purview. This note argues that the enactment of this specific provision of the Act will instead stymie innovation and overlook the unfortunate safety consequences inherent in its deregulation. CDS software is a burgeoning field ripe for innovation; however, rapid innovation can often lead to a slew of mistakes—mistakes …

M-U-N-I: Evidencing The Inadequacies Of The Municipal Securities Regulatory Framework, John Carriel

The Business, Entrepreneurship & Tax Law Review

This article argues that the current regulation of the minicipal securities market is inadequate, and that regulatory reform is not only necessary but also permissible as the Securities and Exchange Commission has the legal authority under the current statutory framework to substantially remedy such inadequacy. In making this argument, this article focuses on the legislative history of the Securities Reform Act of 1975, analyses of statutory text, the current regulatory framework surrounding the municipal securities market, prior attempts to effect regulatory reform, and one of the principal issues with the current regulatory framework - the lack of uniform accounting principles …

Mental Health Courts And Sentencing Disparities, E. Lea Johnston, Conor P. Flynn

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Improving Access To Transit Thru Crowd Sourced Info, Cutr

Research Reports

No abstract provided.

Fundamental Rights Not So Fundamental? Critique Of The Supreme Court Judgment In Law Association Of Zambia V. The Attorney General, Muna B. Ndulo, Samuel Ngure Ndungu

Southern African Journal of Policy and Development

The article discusses the constitutionality of sections 5 and 6 of the Public Order Act of Zambia. The Law Association of Zambia had unsuccessfully argued in the High Court of Zambia that the sections violated section 20 (Freedom of expression) and 21 (Freedom of assembly) of the Zambian Constitution. The Supreme Court of Zambia upheld the decision of the High Court and held that the sections did not violate sections 20 and 21 of the constitution and were constitutional. This article argues that the Supreme Court decision is wrong and falls short of effectively protecting citizen’s rights of peaceful assembly …

November 2017 Student Handbook, Nova Southeastern University

NSU Student Handbooks

No abstract provided.

Cio Updates - 11/2017, Office Of Information Technology

Tech Talk

• Augmented Reality
• Educause Center for Applied Research (ECAR)
• Technology collaboration
• Bronco Safety

Organizational Decline And Fiscal Distress In Municipal Police Agencies, Matthew Giblin, Jeffrey Nowacki

Articles

In late 2007, the United States entered one of the most significant recessions in recent memory. While the consequences to individuals have been well-documented, less attention has been paid to the effects on state-sponsored organizations such as police agencies. The current study examines fiscal distress (e.g., layoffs, hiring freezes) in a sample of large municipal law enforcement agencies. According to a framework proposed by Levine (1978), departments should be most vulnerable to fiscal distress when the jurisdiction experiences economic shocks (environmental entropy), the demand for police services declines (problem depletion), the political system becomes less supportive of police agencies (political …

Beware The "Terror Gap": Closing The Loophole Between The U.S. Terrorist Watchlist System And The Right To Bear Arms, Elizabeth M. Sullivan

Cornell Law Review

No abstract provided.

Social Media Accountability For Terrorist Propaganda, Alexander Tsesis

Fordham Law Review

Terrorist organizations have found social media websites to be invaluable for disseminating ideology, recruiting terrorists, and planning operations. National and international leaders have repeatedly pointed out the dangers terrorists pose to ordinary people and state institutions. In the United States, the federal Communications Decency Act’s § 230 provides social networking websites with immunity against civil law suits. Litigants have therefore been unsuccessful in obtaining redress against internet companies who host or disseminate third-party terrorist content. This Article demonstrates that § 230 does not bar private parties from recovery if they can prove that a social media company had received complaints …

Caught In A Haze: Ethical Issues For Attorneys Advising On Marijuana, Anna El-Zein

Missouri Law Review

No abstract provided.

Terry V. Ohio At 50: What It Created, What It Has Meant, Is It Under Attack And Is The Court Opening The Door To Police Misconduct?, Jeffrey D. Swartz

Northern Illinois University Law Review

Fifty years ago, the United States Supreme Court issued their opinion in Terry v. Ohio. The underpinnings of this decision became the bedrock of Fourth Amendment jurisprudence. This article re-examines that decision, and its effect on the development of Fourth Amendment jurisprudence. What is the lasting effect, if any, of Utah v. Strieff and Heien v. North Carolina on Terry? Ultimately, this article is designed to bring the issues forward, and challenge the reader to examine what appears to be innocuous cases, the subtle attack on Terry's objective standards and the individual protections the case created, and whether, after fifty …

Factors Related To Police Staffing, James E. Mccabe, Paul E. O'Connell

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

This study explores data related to police staffing through a convenience sample of 68 American police departments. The relationship between police officer staffing, and exogenous variables such as crime, population, calls for service, and endogenous variables such as workload, response time, patrol deployment and service times was explored. The results indicate that the percentage of officers assigned to patrol, violent crime, the rate of calls for service, and summer response time are significantly related to the size of a police department. In addition, the study introduces workload variables that could be useful in understanding service demands and staffing decisions in …