Digital Commons Network^™

Tribes As Nations: The Future Of The Trust Relationship, Adam Crepelle

Tulsa Law Review

No abstract provided.

Karanasan Ng Piling Pamilyang Pilipino Sa Panahon Ng Pandemya: Alaala Ng Enhanced Community Quarantine Sa Metro Manila, Glenda D. Salorsano

Social Sciences and Development Review

The global spread of COVID-19 has become a worldwide phenomenon. Every country faced different challenges brought by the pandemic in which highlighted the strengths and weaknesses of each nation in combating the virus. It not only became a widespread blow to the health sector but also paved the way for the revelation of other social aspects that need attention. This occurrence allowed the concrete identification of other deficiencies in crucial sectors of society that are associated with pandemic response. These include infrastructure, public transportation, public safety, human rights, and access to sufficient and proper food for every family, and financial …

Survey Of Wi-Fi For Iot: Architectures, Performance, And Future Directions, Maryam Sami Majeed, Narmin Majid Dahham

Al-Farahidi Expert Systems Journal

The rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) applications—ranging from smart healthcare and industrial automation to smart cities—demands reliable, secure, and scalable wireless connectivity. While much of the literature emphasizes low-power alternatives such as Zigbee and NB-IoT, the role of Wi-Fi in IoT remains underexplored. This paper presents a systematic survey of IEEE 802.11 standards, analyzing their evolution, performance, and security mechanisms within IoT environments. Using a structured review of academic and industry sources (2015–2024), we highlight Wi-Fi’s strengths in throughput and ecosystem integration, alongside limitations in energy efficiency and range. Contributions include: (1) a comparative review of Wi-Fi standards …

Navigating Collective Trauma Following A Workplace Mass Shooting, Rebecca Cowan, Vanessa Qualls, Shari Andreasen

Trauma Counseling and Resilience

Public mass shootings occur most frequently in workplace settings, yet little is known about the experiences of survivors, co-victims, and first responders of these incidents and how they cope with this shared trauma. This collective case study examined the experiences of 14 survivors, co-victims, and first responders affected by a single workplace mass shooting. Reflexive thematic analysis revealed four main themes: (1) the spectrum of suffering, (2) ripple becomes wave: the spread of trauma, (3) forgotten in recovery, and (4) the healing power of shared experience. This study offers insight into the collective nature of impact and recovery, and how …

What’S Happening: Nyls At The 2026 Aals Annual Meeting, Anthony W. Crowell

NYLS Community News

No abstract provided.

Real-Time Hand Gesture Recognition System For Abductees Rescue Using Deep Learning Techniques, Aws Saood Mohamed, Nidaa Flaih Hassan, Abeer Salim Jamil

Journal of Soft Computing and Computer Applications

Hand gesture recognition is a challenging problem in computer vision, particularly in terms of security surveillance applications. This study presents the first efficient system for abduction-related hand gesture real-time detection based on deep learning. The most critical problem is to detect and recognize hand gestures in real surveillance conditions and to be computationally effective for real-time multi-hand tracking in various lighting situations while allowing reliable surveillance beyond the 1–4 meters limitation. The proposed system consists of three main parts: The adaptive hand tracking algorithm, which has been used to create the Abductees-Rescue dataset. Introduced pose estimation You Only Look Once …

Machine Learning Framework For Automatic Classification Of Nano-Seismic Signals Preceding Earthquakes, Ghada Ali, Ali G. Hafez, Sayed Hasaneen, Hamed Nofel, Nabeel Al-Atwan, Ahmed Mohamed

Almaaqal Journal of Sustainability and Emerging Technology

Nano-seismicity preceding earthquakes has many applications in fault prediction, in structure health monitoring, and in enhancing fault and source parameter determination. Not all earthquakes are preceded by these precursors; therefore, there is a need to identify P-wave arrivals that are preceded by these nano signals, which will eliminate errors in P-wave arrival timing. The current work introduces topologies capable of automatically categorizing the arrivals with nano-seismic precursors. The proposed methods are trained on datasets extracted from stations belonging to Egyptian National Seismic Network (ENSN). These records contain both P-wave arrivals preceded by such nano precursors and other records without these …

A Smart City Transformation Survey: Using Intelligent Buildings To Promote Smart Cities, Salma A. Alhashimi, Majid A. Alwan, Ali N. Aliedani

Almaaqal Journal of Sustainability and Emerging Technology

The challenges of urbanization have been greatly aided by the integration of cutting-edge technology into smart buildings and cities. In smart cities and buildings, machine learning and the Internet of Things are essential for boosting sustainability, increasing safety, and optimizing resource use. In order to enable more effective, connected, and comfortable living in urban settings, this work has introduced the relationship between creative technology and buildings. It also discusses the regulatory frameworks for smart cities and emphasizes the importance of standardization in this regard.

Optimizing Crime Response Time Using Predictive Analytics Models, Mohammad Hassan Bin Yaqoob

Theses

Timely and efficient emergency response is essential for public safety, particularly in high- risk urban environments. However, existing dispatch systems often rely on reactive decision- making, leading to delays and inefficient resource allocation. This thesis explores how artificial intelligence (AI) and data modeling can enhance police response times through predictive analytics. A systematic review of 17 peer-reviewed studies identified key predictors such as dispatch behavior, crime history, temporal characteristics, and geographic location. Using real-world emergency response and crime data, predictive models were developed and evaluated through algorithms including XGBoost, Linear Support Vector Machine (LSVM), Generalized Linear Model (GLM), and Neural …

Bridging The Gap Between Substance Use Treatment Barriers In Rural Areas, Dakota Baker

The Mid-Southern Journal of Criminal Justice

The purpose of this paper is to examine the continued concern about substance abuse/misuse and limited access to treatment in rural areas. Rural areas lack the adequate treatment needed to combat substance use disorder (SUD), mainly due to the lack of sufficient providers trained to identify, treat, and support those dealing with SUD. Additional barriers such as the high cost of treatment, stigma surrounding substance use disorders, geographical barriers, and the criminalization of substance abuse are other barriers that will be discussed in this paper (Griffin & Botvin, 2010; Hargons et al., 2023; Khazaee-Pool et al., 2024; National Center for …

Innocent Until Proven Guilty, Disenfranchised All The Same: Hidden Voter Suppression Within American Jails, Kennedy Hill

Arkansas Law Review

Jails throughout the United States hold thousands of legally eligible voters who have not been convicted of a crime While those convicted of felonies are often statutorily disenfranchised, pretrial detainees retain their civil rights—including the right to vote. In theory, this should guarantee them a voice. In practice, pretrial detention operates like a legal disqualification. Without meaningful enforcement mechanisms, the right to vote becomes hollow.

This Comment argues that implementing a national standard based on the proactive policies of Massachusetts and Nevada will ensure accessible voting for pretrial detainees. To build that argument, this Comment first explores the low level …

The Legal Governance Of Arbitrary Construction In Azerbaijan: Current Issues And Paths To Reform, Natig Khalilov

Journal of Civil Law Studies

Azerbaijan has long faced challenges arising from the spread of arbitrary constructions and unauthorized settlements, with official data showing approximately half a million such structures across the country. These unregulated constructions contribute to social complications and hinder the efficient operation and development of the housing, real estate, and urban planning sectors. Currently, courts are handling numerous cases involving ownership disputes and potential demolitions linked to these constructions. Registering arbitrary constructions is seen as a step towards affirming citizens’ property rights while boosting state revenue.

This article will trace the historical development of the arbitrary construction framework in Azerbaijan, analyze its …

A Comprehensive Study Of Crash Severity And Its Contributing Factors, Seyedmahyar Madarshahian

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

This dissertation presents a comprehensive analysis of factors influencing crash injury severity across diverse road and work zone environments. Using advanced statistical modeling techniques, it examines crash outcomes in four critical contexts: general road crashes, work zone crashes, truck-involved crashes, and high-speed rear-end collisions. A mixed logit modeling framework with random parameters, incorporating heterogeneity in parameter means and variances, is employed to capture unobserved heterogeneity in crash data. The analyses are further refined through targeted segmentation by speed regime, work zone type, and crash type to identify context-specific risk factors. In addition, a fuzzy cluster analysis is utilized to discern …

Ndls Communicator: Week Of 12.22.25, Notre Dame Law School

NDLS Communicator

The Latest News

• Supreme Court Justice Amy Coney Barrett returns to Notre Dame Law for a wide-ranging fireside conversation with students
• Notre Dame Law Professor Diane Desierto Awarded Research Grants to Advance Global Human Rights Work
• International Expertise at ND Law: Visiting Professors Strengthen Scholarship and Community
• Notre Dame Law School’s Religious Liberty Clinic Secures Return of Stephen Jarrard to County Jail’s Ministry Program After Years of Religious Discrimination
• Notre Dame Law School’s Religious Liberty Clinic files amicus brief urging court to protect Jewish communities from discriminatory land-use barriers
• Notre Dame Law School’s Religious Liberty Clinic files amicus brief urging …

China–Malaysia Cross-Border Data Governance: Asean And Regional Legal Interactions, Shan Deng, Rozanah Ab Rahman, Mariani Ariffin

Hasanuddin Law Review

In the context of the digital economy, cross-border data governance cooperation between China and Malaysia is constrained by two factors: differences in domestic data protection laws and the lack of coherence among existing multilateral frameworks. Prior scholarship primarily examines cross-border data governance through single-treaty frameworks, while the role of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as an institutional intermediary has not been systematically analysed. In particular, institutional coordination pathways between China and Malaysia remain underexplored. The study adopts a qualitative methodology, combining textual and comparative analyses, to examine the institutional structure of the ASEAN Data Governance Framework (ADGF). It …

Ai Revolution: The Legal Battle Between Indonesia And The European Union To Protect Copyright From Artificial Intelligence, Sitti Fatimah Maddusila, Agus Lanini, Andi Intan Purnamasari

Hasanuddin Law Review

The global surge in generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) has triggered unprecedented legal complexities in copyright protection. This article examines how Indonesia and the European Union (EU) approach the challenges posed by AI driven content creation and potential copyright infringement. Through doctrinal and comparative legal analysis, this study explores regulatory frameworks, liability questions, and enforcement mechanisms in both jurisdictions. The analysis reveals that Indonesia's Copyright Law No. 28 of 2014 remains anthropocentric, lacking recognition of AI generated works and mechanisms for regulating AI training using copyrighted materials. By contrast, the EU has developed a more comprehensive approach through the EU Copyright …

Municipalities, Let The People Have Their Chickens And Eat Them, Too, Cindy Vong

Journal of Food Law & Policy

In the pre-industrial era, before the advent of long-distance transportation or food preservation, human survival necessitated proximity to where food was grown or husbanded. Cities located near agriculturally productive lands and domesticated livestock animals were commonplace within cities. But by the 1920s, the technological innovations of the Second Industrial Revolution left urban areas free of farm animals and farm-related activities. Local governments exercised their powers to codify the separation of residential and agricultural uses within cities and reinforce the idea that food production was not proper in community neighborhoods. Yet, a century later, local governments use those same powers to …

Making A Martyr: The Inequity Of The Necessity Doctrine’S Application To The Fifth Amendment’S Takings Clause, Max Abrams

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Prosecuting Nihilistic Violent Extremism: An Examination Of Federal And State Charges Against 764 And Related Networks, National Counterterrorism Innovation, Technology, And Education Center

Reports, Projects, and Research

In April 2025, U.S. authorities arrested two alleged leaders of 764, a 21-year-old U.S. citizen residing in Greece and a 20-year-old U.S. citizen from North Carolina. They were arrested on charges of operating an international child-exploitation enterprise, in connection with the online terrorist network ‘764’. US Attorney General Pamela Bondi described the group as “one of the most heinous online child exploitation enterprises we have ever encountered – a network built on terror, abuse, and the deliberate targeting of children”. The arrests marked a significant development in federal efforts to disrupt and dismantle the network, while simultaneously underscoring the scale …

Crediting Prison Crime, Jacob Gordon

NULR Online

No abstract provided.

Trial Practice And Procedure, Joseph M. Colwell, Christopher B. Mcdaniel, John D. Flowers, Madi Mcmichael Moseley

Mercer Law Review

This Article addresses selected opinions and legislation of interest to the Georgia civil trial practitioner issued during the survey period of this publication.

Construction Law, Peter Crofton, David Cook, Derek Andre

Mercer Law Review

Over the past year, the state and federal courts in Georgia issued orders and opinions on a variety of topics affecting the construction industry. This Article discusses some of the most important of these cases.

The Right To Keep And Bear Arms In Georgia, John R. Monroe

Mercer Law Review

This Article provides a survey of the right to keep and bear arms in Georgia as it has developed from colonial times to the present. While this Article is not about the Second Amendment, references to that amendment cannot be avoided because the two are intertwined.

The Article follows Georgia’s right to keep and bear arms in roughly chronological order, where discreet periods in history can be seen to have heavy influence on laws impacting the right to keep and bear arms. These periods include Colonial, Antebellum, Civil War years, Reconstruction and late nineteenth century, early twentieth century, and finally …

Labor And Employment Law, W. Jonathan Martin Ii

Mercer Law Review

This Article surveys recent developments in the state statutory and common law that affect labor and employment relations of Georgia employers. Accordingly, it surveys published decisions from the Supreme Court of Georgia and the Court of Appeals of Georgia from June 1, 2024 to May 31, 2025. This Article also includes highlights of certain revisions to the Official Code of Georgia Annotated (“O.C.G.A.”).

Hoarding And The Hoarded Home: A Phenomenological And Psychoanalytic Study, Brianna Stich

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

While research on hoarding tends to isolate hoarders from the homes they hoard and in which they live, the hoard and the hoarder share a life in the home. This study explores how hoarders live with and live through their hoard at home. It combines psychoanalysis and phenomenology within a unique methodological framework to provide a hermeneutic reading of the psychological significances of the hoarded home. In this study, the contemporary conceptualization of hoarding is historically situated and critiqued from a phenomenological perspective, and the view that hoarding is a single, behaviorally-defined syndrome that is explainable by a cognitive-behavioral model …

The Impact Of New York City’S Bail Reform, Ruya Y. Kutgun

Honors College Theses

This thesis examines the impact of New York City’s bail reform on crime, recidivism, and jail populations, with particular attention to whether the reform has contributed to increased violence. Implemented in 2020 to reduce racial and economic inequalities, bail reform eliminated cash bail for most low-level offenses and emphasized the least restrictive pretrial conditions, with subsequent amendments expanding eligibility for detention. Using cross-sectional data from multiple governmental and research institutions, this study analyzes arrest rates, rearrest rates, and jail population trends before and after implementation. Findings indicate no significant increase in recidivism or violent crime attributable to bail reform. Fluctuations …

Public Perception About Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy In South Central Nebraska, Rita Nnenne Oparaocha

Biology Theses, Dissertations, and Student Creative Activity

The COVID-19 pandemic created a shift in the trajectory of vaccination hesitancy, altering risk perceptions and vaccination attitudes among individuals in rural communities. The 5C framework highlights confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility as influencing factors of vaccine hesitancy. This study assessed the proportion of adults who refused COVID-19 vaccination and identified the individual reasons for hesitancy among those who refused the COVID -19 vaccines in South Central Nebraska. Data was analyzed from a local cross-sectional public health survey administered to 2,034 adult participants over a six-month period (March-August 2024), including 91 respondents who were from outside the seven-county …

City Council Bill To Decrypt Police Radio Has A Surprising Winner — Citizen App, Mikella Schuetter, Kennedy Sessions, Marina Samuel

Capstones

After the NYPD encrypted police scanners in 2024, eliminating public access to police radio communications, the New York City Council passed a bill on Dec. 18 to restore limited access for journalists and the public. The move could benefit Citizen, a crime-alert app that has pushed for decryption while entering a “no cost” partnership with the city, even as former employees and advocates raise concerns about the app’s practices and growing role in New York City’s public safety.

Two Major Ontario Hospital Labs Bought Research Dogs From U.S. Breeder With Troubled Pastdogs Bred For Scientific And Medical Testing Suffer Abuse As The Scientific Industry Increasingly Turns To Alternatives For Research., Allison Hunter, Mary Beech, Sami Marshak, Kate Morano

Capstones

The purpose-bred dog breeding industry for research is little known. Each year, thousands of dogs are bred for scientific and medical testing, supplied to research facilities by a handful of major commercial breeders. But gaps in enforcement and regulation have allowed abuses to persist, even as the industry increasingly turns to alternatives to animal testing. Animal rights advocates have been decrying the treatment of these dogs. A federal Inspector General report found lax oversight of the industry, raising further concerns about how dogs are treated. This story was reported in collaboration with the Investigative Journalism Bureau, based in Toronto, and …

(Un)Intended Consequences Of Race In Medicine: The Ethics Of Race-Based Medical Practice And The Perpetuation Of Structural Racism, Allegra Merriweather

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation proposes that race-based medicine acts as a form of structural racism that is ethically indefensible. While it may be claimed to be a neutral diagnostic tool, the medical use of race as a biological proxy only further enforces the very hierarchies it purports to remediate, reinscribing inequity from conception to death. Building off Jacques Ellul’s work on Technique, we interpret race-based medicine as a self-perpetuating system that values procedural expediency over moral accountability. In nine chapters, the analysis follows the ways this technique is manifested in genetics and assisted reproduction, where commodified racial selection preserves social hierarchies; in …